wherever the union army went, slaves began running away to union lines. now, a at the very beginning of the war the army started returning them. the fugitive slave act was still in effect. they said, no, no, we're not here to give freedom to slaves. but very early on in hampton, virginia, benjamin f. butler n command there, well, what happened was a few slaves turned up, i think three slaves at first. they turned up at butler's fort. and butler said, well, what are you guys doing here? and they say, well, we were just down the road. we're slaves of the local confederate commander, and he put us to work building fortifications against your army, and we ran away. we want our freedom here. and butler said, well, the policy of the government is to send you back, but why should i send you back to build fortifications against my own army? i'll tell you what, here's a shovel. build fortifications for me. i'm declaring you contraband of war, that is you are property which i am seizing, property used for military purposes, and i'm seizing you. all right. that may m

it fleed 4 million slaves, many of whom enlist in the union army.rds are helping to restore their memories. bill plant has the story. >> this is the document that changed my life. >> reporter: when sheryl willis found on-line this 1866 discharge certificate from the union army where sandy willis, her great, great, great grandfather, it opened the door on history. what was your reaction? >> utter shock, my mouth went dry. clicked up on my computer like poof, like magic. it's -- it's surreal. >> reporter: that discovery led her to the civil war draft registration records at the national archives where she discovered the enlistment record of sandy willis and five others who escaped from their owner and volunteered to fight in the union army. they joined the heavy field artillery then what was then known as the united states colored troops. >> he became real to me, 150 years after his death. he came alive. >> reporter: now those civil war draft registration records are available on-line at ancestry.com which digitized them for the national archives. the

. >> reporter: when cheryl wills found online this 1866 discharge certificate from the union army for sandy wills, her great, great, great grandfather, it opened a door on history. what was your reaction? >> utter shock and my mouth went dry. >> just clicked up on my computer like poof, like magic. it's surreal. >> reporter: that discovery led her to the civil war draft registration record at the national archives where she discovered the enlistment record of sandy wills and five other slaves who escaped from their owner and volunteered the fight in the union army. they joined the fourth heavy field artillery, part of what was then known as the united states colored troops. >> he became real to me 150 years after his death. he came alive. >> reporter: now those civil war draft registration records are available online at ancestry.com, which digitized them for the national archives. they're free for a week on ancestry.com and will go back to the national archives' web site after five years. >> when you can connect and reach and touch what they did, it's a beautiful and empowering thing

the union army is defeated and a telegraph operator decided it was in the interest to send that story. this is why new unit--new york readers don't find out until july 26th what actually happened at bull run. here we have an innovation henry raymond decided his fields were over. he went back to new york to resume his editorial responsibilities. he began to hire dedicated professional war reporters who went into the field with the armies and with the army's blessing and often without the army's blessing. there was a natural competition give-and-take between vote reporters and the generals that you still see a little bit of today. a couple of examples, since 1863 after ambrose burnside conducted in his failed offensive in the last weeks of 1862. he then tried a march around robert tv's army and it began to rain. the army got bogged down. burnside decided to boost their routes by issuing whiskey and the army was both drunk and bog down and it deteriorated into an absolute mess. became known to historians as the mud march. the reason is a new york times reporter sent back a story. burnsid

she had -- and the first day was a bit of a disaster -- for the union army. and when he wrote this huge 12,000 word story, he just kept going over and over again, saying how the it been surprised and -- the bense price and the shouldn't have been by the confederate attack. and they had been. but -- you know, grand -- they didn't want to admit that. and they seemed very upset by that. so the story became quite controversial. he did that -- he did that constantly. even at that very end, the fall of richmond, he's still grumbling about things aren't the way they ought to be, and they should do this better, you know. cspan: could you go to the south if you were in northern reporter and -- >> guest: no. cspan: you couldn't get into the ranks down there at all? >> guest: no, no, no, no. reporters in the civil war were not considered to be neutral settle, and we have in the chapter on the book about the two northern reporters captured to run past pittsburgh and had a terrible time, spent two years and this is brown and richardson and brown and in that in one of the

troops in the army especially in the union army used hot air balloons to get above the trees and secretly enemy was and of course the first airplanes to be used in world war one were centrally precautions for we were designed to fly open book and she really only one. space that has been called the ultimate high ground and the advantage to the state that can seize and maintain the high ground is the same as holding the high ground throughout history whether there was a hill or mountain or in the latter half of the twentieth century the aerospace. implies the use of force weapons from space to crown is true suring the protection of american satellites in the face of potential threats is the responsibility of the us air force the united states is going to become the world's policeman does that title resonate with you do you have a reaction to that do you think is accurate if it were accurate how would it play out if you look at obama's role in the first roles of the united states navy when it was established was second battle piracy absolutely. if you look at that tension commerce in space l

. >> about 16,000 california men volunteered to serve in the union army, a much smaller number, and wew how many, volunteered for the confederate. >> reporter: california's legislature declared its support for the union side, but parts of the state remained loyal to the south. >> fort alcatraz was used as a prison. >> civil war markers still dot the bay area. san francisco's point was built after the war. in theh. cemetasio cemetary, a headstone marked the grave of paula kristin friar. >> it was the site of so manyry pro-union rallies. >> reporter: but no site boasted such a war as tiny redwood city, its gravestones as crumbling as the war itself. and here in his hometown, charles benjamin was buried far from the battlefields that were fought but close to where his wars began. nbc bay area news. >> that is fascinating information, isn't it? >> i've lived potaeninsula for years. never knew that cemetary existed. >> let's bring in jeff ranieri. jeff? you promised big things as we head into the weekend. >> changes you'll like, but unfortunately we'll have a little speed bump we have to ge

robert redford, starring robin wright as mary sarat, and james mack voi as frederic aiken, the young union armytain given the task of defending her. here to talk with me about the film are james solman and retired u.s. army colonel fred bork a consultant to the film, who served as chief prosecutor for the military commissions at guantanamo bay, cuba, in 2003 and 2004. james solman, why is this an important story to tell in 2011? >> it was a good story to tell, i think, in 1993, when i began this. i think it's one of the great american stories not told. i like many people didn't know there were multiple attacks. i think everyone thinks they know the story of the lincoln assassination. it turns out most of us don't. there were multiple attacks. didn't know there were hundreds rounded up. didn't know there was a military trial, eight civilians put on trirblg a mother who ran a boarding house, didn't know any of that and found that fascinating and she was on trial likely for crimes committed by her own son and at the center was this extraordinary mother-son story about a mother abandon by her own s

my side of the family immigrated from norway just in time to be drafted into the union army.ntually settled as farmers here. my wife's family came over on the mayflower. the laden family-- alden family. i what is in the middle of the country. i what is cut in half by interstate 80 east and west. interstate 35 north and south. des moines, iowa is in the middle. we are largely an agriculture state. we produce a good chunk of the nation's food. we export a bunch of it around the world. corn, soybeans, pork, chicken, and more. iowa farmers are incredibly sufficient suppliers in food and security. by the way, we do have a state song. >> interstate 80, iowa ♪ ♪ mississippi river davenport corn, corn, corn what's that smell? i was city -- iowa city corn, corn, corn there's that smell again. corn, corn, corn ♪ >> we had a delegation that opted to pay me not to play the song, but they did not offer me enough. anyway, back to the true story. because of the weakness of the dollar, commodity prices soared as well as the value of iowa farmland. i would is a low wage state. because of that

army did so once on a point of time on the soviet union and in the partnership was a soviet union was one of the most capable and strongest army of the retirement now doesn't have air force i can on the random that any army in the world to be capable of fighting because our car which was run on the second are gone out of me as well as police in north korea will use not. with a weapons and other things i why not talking about more them straight off weaponry but steel they should be capable. of bishops have access to these weapons. not so you give them all these things that will be difficult to imagine for them to stand on their own feet alone and the one thing you know there are a lot from other countries for a successful army. three figures are important but. there are some trained personnel. firepower and morag. when it comes to moral was my personal opinion i don't believe that all our officers really think of fighting for the nation of course. it's really important when you quit and with the taliban this is the other way around most of them really fight for the cause and they belie

on democracy in the workplace and elected union answerable to its members and that attack is coming from well financed sources but the question is are these armies of right wing think tanks justified in going after unions or public unions what's really bankrupting america professor daniel to solve all think so he's a professor of political science professor at city college of new york and author of government unions and the bankrupting of america and he joins me from our studios in new york professor professor diffs all of a welcome to the program. thank you tom it's my pleasure to be with you thank you for joining us in a in a recent report that you authored you praised governor scott walker for saying and i quote we can no longer live in a society where the public employees are the haves and the taxpayers foot the bill are the have nots. did you really agree with that i mean that the teacher that makes fifty thousand bucks plus health benefits as i have but the gangsters who wrecked our economy and still collect multi-million dollar bonuses are the have nots. well i think what governor walker was picking up on is a divide in the broad middle c

between europe and asia for centuries now it's been a defense powerhouse arming results armies in the stablish and civil unions from little nuclear arsenals. that's brought cold steel or nuclear weapons are the only contributions that the city has made their case now it's been another fracturing jarred from using everything from military watches to engraved metal works this r.t.s. discovered some of those headwinds of the past are experiencing a comeback as collectors on the public turn to timeless classics. time stands still in slot almost. the best time to throw right away is like being the time certainly anything has to be here over the last thirty to forty years in fact when i look around me are some of the archives i'll catch phrases like this one there from back in my childhood they were made in one thousand six thousand nine hundred seventy one despite the fact that the third season was somewhat incoming does not go with what three still people here can feel you need some things which are being hunted by what collectors the world over you may have heard of these russian divers watches they have been har

soviet union and in their partnership was a soviet union was one of the most capable and strongest army in the region now doesn't have air force i can on the ground and the army in the world to be capable of providing a result a car which was one the second are going out of me as well as police and all their will is not. with the weapons and other things i were not talking about more than the state of art or weaponry but steel they should be capable. of access to risk weapons even though i am not sick given all these things that will get difficult to imagine for them to stand on their own future alone and the one thing you know there are a lot from other countries for a successful army. three figures are important. person three in person all. high power and moron. when it comes to morrow. night personal opinion i don't believe that all are gun officers really finger of fighting for the nation of course. is really important and it will end with the taliban this is the other way around most of them really fight for the cause and they believe that's true well with which they have moral whi

so not for no time on the soviet union and in the partnership was a soviet union was one of the most capable and strongest army of the regions now doesn't have air force i can on the range i'm there any army in the world to be capable of fighting because our acreage was one the second i'm going out again as well as police nor is not sure with the weapons and other things i why not talking about more than the state of our weaponry but state a should be capable. they should have access to these weapons if they are not so given all these things that will be difficult to imagine for them to stand on their own future alone and the one thing you know that we are well from other countries for a successful army. prefigures are important. person three in personal. fire power and rot. when it comes to more our bruce willis my personal opinion i don't believe that all our officers really favor the fighting for the nation of course. is really important and with the taliban this is the other way around most of them really fight for the cause and they believe that's the well with which they have moral which makes it difficu

their future but i think that countries in europe and the european union as a whole can be helpful in that respect not in the least in an army corp q does nato here including belgium has a precise understanding please point who are there helping in libya the syrians or the rebels it is absolutely about protecting the civilians and like secretary general of nato rasmussen said protecting citizens is not the same thing as arming them so the belgian position is quite orthodox we have a good lecture of what was the resolution in the united nations in new york and for us it's about protecting civilians coming to a situation in which. is no longer the leader of libya is a straight man that is of course already made in the past before resolution one thousand nine hundred ninety three but it is not through military means. but we're going to establish that it's a holistic approach which is not only military and especially also with a clear focus on libya and self-determination that we're going to assist such a future there with the recent unrest in north africa their migration of terrorism . and that i think that having more democrac

union by ratifying the fourteenth amendment. and each controlled by a general. and sent the army in to these districts to make sure the law was adhered to. there are some stunning changes in the south not the least of which was a burgeoning of black voters and black office voters. many on the local level or state level and even the national level. there was a time when mississippi senators were african-american. resentment of the occupation was ferocious end resulted in a concerted effort supporting the democratic party which proposed these measures. and the creation of a number of terrorist groups and the number of others to -- to get a sense of what it was like when an occupying army moves in, a resentful population and attempts to impose its own ideas of democracy on that population and take people who are out of power and put them in power and take the people in tower and kicked them out of power, think iraq. the supreme court is charged with enforcing these amendments for ensuring -- the court has been buffeted by a good deal of political pressure. radical republicans made i

army and police, as you say, have melted away. >> he's been offered all sorts of exit strategies, particularly by african mediators, by the african union, and also by the regional group over the last four months. at the suggestion from the ouattara camp, those political options are running out. i mean, they clearly see that the military showdown, but i think it's also to keep up the pressure on him. doesn't necessarily rule out that if he were to say the game's up and i want to go, some accommodation would be found. >> mike, thanks very much. the bbc has learned that an envoy from colonel gaddafi's regime in libya has had talks with officials in london. senior aide mohammed ismail was told the leader has to give up power. this follows the flight to britain on wednesday night of the former foreign minister, mr. koussa. and there are more reports that more members. libyan regime may now be defecting. >> in libya, opposition forces are continuing to lose ground to colonel gaddafi's troops. nato has ruled out providing them with arms. one consolation was the defection of the foreign minister, moussa koussa, to britain. there are unconfirme

union. >>> a promotion fit for royalty. >> in this case prince harry he was elevated from lieutenant to captain in the british army after completingive years of service he trained as an apache helicopter pilot but before he becomes a fully operational army pilot he will serve as best man in his brothers upcoming wedding. >> we all know there was a lot of power that comes with marrying a prince. >> but it turns out there is also a lot you can't do as well. after kate middleton ties the knot with prince william, she can no longer be referred to as kate she will be katherine or ma'am. >>> and she can't play monopoly the royal family banned the game in 2008 because prince andrew said it got too vicious you have to be prim and proper. >> battleship is okay. >>> kate can't eat shell fish british royals are never served the stuff because they fear food poisoning. >> shell fish versus being a princess. >> with monopoly too. >> yeah, i know i can do without the monopoly i get to wear the pretty crown. >> time to look at what is coming up later this morning on the early show. >> erica hill joining us from new york. >> i am sure you have bee

union in wisconsin ... >> this is a letter i received yesterday. they were trying to strong army. agree with it. >> you are taking it out on the wrong people. forty years ago, he wasn't worried about retirement. he'd yet to he of mutual funds, iras, or annuities. back then, he had something more important to do. he wasn't focused on his future but fortunately, somebody else was. at usaa we provide retirement solutions for our military, veterans and their families. from investments... to life insurce... to health care options. learn more with our free usaa retirement guide. call 877-242-usaa. - because it's completely invisible. - because it's designed to help me hear better. male announcer: introducing amp, a new kind of hearing aid, so tiny, it's invisible. female announcer: amp is comfortable to wear and easily removable. amp, the hearing aid for people who aren't ready for a hearing aid. male announcer: call: to find an amp hearing professional near you. only $1,500 a pair. megyn: using boycotts to bully small businesses in the wisconsin budget battle. the union representing mo

army pulled out of boston and the rest of the colonies. troubles between britain collimation defended them and they are ever after under the union jack. except except for one tiny relationship with the motherland, repealing duties, a small group of angry parliamentarians needed to retain some simple but always insisted parliament's absolute security to tack all british subjects with or without their consent. although parliament had yielded to all demands of americans, the majority felt it had to retain at least one public duty as a symbol of its authority to retain the smallest most innocuous one, the one i'm tea. wow, what a colossal miscalculation. portillo is nothing more than a social beverage. few americans drink even a cup of tea date and in many cases taxon was negligible. about one 10th of 1 penny for a 9-penny cup. that is a tax about 1101%. but as thomas hutchison put it, so small a start, a great fire was kindled. they sparked the rise of another from its ashes. as you may have guessed, even one end of the prophet of america's largest tea importers and resume to smuggling and british customs officials take enforcement and a

union by ratifying the 14th amendment. they divided into the south into five military districts, each controlled by a general. they sent the army and to these districts to make sure that the law was adhered to. as a result, there were some stunning changes in the south. not the least of which was black voters and black officeholders. many black officeholders on a local level, some on the state level, and some even on the national level. there was a time when both the mississippi senators were african-american. on the other hand, resentment of the occupation by most whites was ferocious. it resulted in a concerted effort, which was both legal, supporting the democratic party which opposed many of these measures, and illegal, the creation of a number of terrorist groups, the complex plant and a number of others. to get a sense of what it is like when an occupied army moves in to a defeated country with a resentful population and attempts to a impose its own ideas of democracy on the population and take people who are out of power and put them in power and take the people who are in power and kick them out of power, think a rock.

army pulled out of boston and peace returned to boston and the rest of the colonies. the troubles bean britain and her colonist should have ended then and there with everyone living under the union jack. expect. expect for one tiny irritant that remained with the motherland. in repealing the townsend duties, a small group of angry parol -- parliamentarians decided they need to retain a symbol to tax all british subjects with or without their consent. although parliament had yielded to all of the demands of the americans, it's majority felt it had to retain at least one the townsend duties as a symbol of its authority. so it retained the smallest, most innocuous one, the one or tea. wow. what a colossal calculation. as i said before, tea was nothing more than a womans social americans. few americans drank even a cup of tea a day. the tax on tea was anything glib, about one tenth of a penny for a nine penny cup. as thomas hutchinson put it, a small spark was flamed and it would destroy a great empire and spark the rise of another from it's ashes. as you may have guess, even the small tea tax cut into the profits of america's largest tea importers. they resumed smugglers. british c

army. the rebels. we have been there before when we armed the taliban. against the soviet union and ended up having to worry about those steers coming back to be used against america. the concern is there. it has to be monitored carefully and a prolonged situation of chaos. it will advantage of qaeda. the real question is whether it becomes possible bidder to get gaddafi out quickly in which case you have a stalemate of the opposition forces with the support of the coalition who are able to build their capabilities, train forces, and in the process, be able to control the territory and prevent a somalia-like situation. >> let me ask a question about bahrain. how do get above the curve in which -- in a country where the u.s. has invested against creeping iranian influence and yet it is an unpopular government? >> i do worry about the situation. we could settle this in five minutes. they must move toward a constitutional monarchy. it is clear. the system cannot be one in which all power is in the hands of the ruling party and zero in the hands of the population. they have a real p

army. the rebels. we have been there before wn we armed the taliban. against the soviet union and ended up having to worry about those steers coming back to be used against america. the concern is there. it has to be monitored carefully and a prolonged situation of chaos. it will advantage of qaeda. the real question is whether it becomes possible bidder to get gaddafi out quickly in which case you have a stalemate of the opposition forces with the support of the coalition who are able to build their capabilities, train forces, and in the process, be able to control the territory and prevent a somalia-like situation. >> let me ask a question about bahrain. how do get above the curve in which -- ia country where the u.s. has invested against creeping iranian influence and yet it is an unpopular government? >> i do worry about the situation. we could settle this in five minutes. they must move toward a constitutionalonarchy. it is clear. the system cannot be one in which all power is in the hands of the ruling party and zero in the hands of the population. they have a real parli

medicine firsthand in the soviet union as an exchange student back in 1973 and having seen another form of socialized medicine for four years in the united states army, i don't want to go there. i don't want the government in charge of my health care. i saw that in the army. we have some incredible medics. we have some folks that shouldn't be practicing medicine that were working there and hopeful that i was helpful in getting rid of some of those, but that's not where we need to be going. people deserve better. but i thought the fact that in the bill itself, there is retribution for the working poor who can't even afford to do what the administration has dictated. so between a judge saying if you've got social security, you are going to be crammed into this and this administration and the former speaker pelosi and harry reid saying that we're going to penalize you because you are working poor and can't afford the luxuries of the policies we are mandate -- mandating, the working man does president have a chance unless we turn those things around. and the working poor is what i often saw at fort beening and people not getting paid. but now the milita