that is simply a process of turning over the artillery union -- the artillery to union officers. they had a good bit of artillery with them. probably the most famous part of the surrender of these three days would be the infantry which would surrender weapons on april 12. this is a six-hour process, most of the day, for one division of -- at a time of confederate infantry to march into a village and to stack their rifles. lined up on the road is a division of union infantry and this was carried out with a great deal of ceremony and formality. the union officer of the day was general joshua chamberlain and the confederate officer was general gordon. chamberlain orders his men to salute the confederates as they come in by having them shoulder arms which is a command where they hold the rifle at their side. gordon will have the confederates returned the salute, shoulder arms -- return the salute, shoulder arms. for the most part, this was done with dignity and respect, there were occasions when the soldiers talk to each other even though there was supposed to be silence. we know tha

this is exactly how the unions work. this is why unions are basically dying. what's happening is they understand just like the rest of us when you raise the minimum wage it leads to more unemployment. this isn't rocket science, it's common sense. they don't care about the worker they care about making money. they care about getting money from their members. they want as many mens as possible and they want to make unions basically the cheapest labor. and have more money for themselves. that's what this is all about. >> wayne, you there as well no surprises, l.a.'s very liberal, but within days of getting their law through, by the way, if you're a business and you hire union workers, we want you exempt. >> it's incredible but i think michelle is right. this is all by the union leaders. the union leaders want this because it enhances their power. they're trying to get more members. they're not trying to better the workers plight. they think it will raise the rate from $10 to $15 an hour and then will regulate it that way because they'll say we'll have an exemptio

one union regiment. other officers are sent in to oversee the parole passes and one of the officers says it was an uneasy feeling to be surrounded by confederate soldiers, many of who are getting drunk and disorderly at night. the next surrender that i want to move to is alabama. on the left here is general richard taylor commands the department of alabama, mississippi, and east louisiana. taylor has heard rumors about genia and north carolina and -- virginia and north carolina. the commander of the union department of mississippi is general camby on the right there. it will be the only general who oversees two surrenders. i want to point out a few things on my map. down here is mobile. the union army is going to assault the fort protecting mobile on april 9. the confederates will pull back up to meridian, mississippi. in these towns up here in mississippi and alabama, the confederate army is going to concentrate and the union army is going to concentrate -- capture mobile and move into the interior of a

. >>> union-backed protestors demanding $15 an hour and to unionize outside mcdonald shareholder meetings this week forcing the closure of one store until they left. mcdonald's already increased pay at stores they own to at least 10 bucks, so if this more about big labor wanting to super size its membership than workers' pay? i'm brenda butner. this is bulls and bears, we have gary smith, john layfield along with susan welch and naomi cotts. welcome, everyone. the union looking to bump up people's pay? >> i wish we lived in the economy where people made $15 an hour that comes to $31,000 a year. in fact there are scads of kids graduating from college this month who will not make that much money. so i'm with warren buffett on this one. if the wages go up to $15 an hour there will be fewer people working and working fewer hours. i think that's a terrible price to pay for the political aspirations of these unions. and that's what they are, political aspirations on the backs of their members. and it is all about them saying that mcdonnalaldcdonald's is trying to maximize their profits. >> if t

the unions spent $5.9 million. this for hypocrisy, of union dues to lobby the government to pass the multi-employee pension reform act. which means they can now cut pension benefits. so they took pension money, i'm sorry, they took union money so they could cut union benefits. so what they want to do is get away from that. the central state pension that runs a $2 billion annual shortfall. they are dying here. they have no money. they want a shell game and put all the heat back on mcdonald's, back on walmart, get it to themselves for about $15 an hour. they don't want to talk about themselves because they are drying. >> i want to get to everyone but naomi, respond to that. >> that was a result of compromise. they went to lobby congress which is to effectively get change and didn't get what they wanted. so they have a compromise and the compromise was they didn't get everything they wanted. the result of lobbying is that you have two parties that come together and one party usually wins out a little bit more. >> gary

necessity. >> i'm a union guy. there are different unions in this country. >> you don't think the workers union advocates the same thing? >> no. they are different unions with different policies okay? >> okay. be careful what you're saying here. if the service workers union advocated the same thing, this is a union advocating a policy it deserves the union to advocate the same policy would you call them on it? >> of course. that's the nature of the union movement. >> okay here we go. adam what do you think of that because i think charlie gasparino wants it both ways what do you say? >> i'm going to get all ethnic on you at the same time. i find it very uncomfortable when i have to follow him when he says what i'm going to say. and furthermore, i have to agree with him. unions are not monolithic. >> they kind of preach from the same choir. that's fair to say. >> to some extent. >> that's true. the uaw is behaving in a business-like fashion here. and, at the same time tomorrow -- well, if they were to turn around tom

catholics did not create separate unions or catholic-themed unions and related parties.catholicism helped provide a unifying tie in the u.s. that mitigated, it didn't dissolve by any means, but it mitigated, to some extent, the rivalries that otherwise pitted rival groups against each other. making it somewhat easier to draw irish, french, canadian italian, and latino into the same organizations. it is difficult to imagine the cio of the 1930's without the influence that catholicism had in providing a common ground for workers who joined industrial unions. but it wasn't only that immigrant catholics that helped shape the labor movement in the u.s., immigrant workers helped shape the church. it pushed the church to articulate it social vision on labor, it opened up the church to a deeper engagement with the religions and periodically, it , called upon the church to take a prophetic stance. the immigrant labor experience in the u.s. had a profound effect on the articulation on catholic social teaching. the controversy that swirled around the knights of labor, the labor of

and the financial center in london will continue to eb towards the european union. they have the code napoleon, london, new york, singapore, hong kong, bahrain, they operate on the anglo saxon system as does new york. we have a problem heading in that direction, and london losing influence in the financial world. >>> john brown is a long-time member of the british parliament for winchester. thank you for joining us on "inside story". the long-standing alliance between the u.k. and the united states has been called the special relationship. a recent u.s. ambassador to the u.k. joins us to talk about whether the special relationship will stay special after the surprising election. you're watching "inside story". >>> you're watching "inside story" on al jazeera america joining me now is a former united states ambassador to the u.k. he was america's top diplomat in london during the obama administration from 2009 through 2013. . >> thank you >>> we heard from john brown, sort of a nightmare scenario for the future of a very old and deer friend of the united states - the

this is exactly how the unions work. this is why unions are

perhaps a union would bargain over the number of games. if the school and union are at an impasse, would athletes go on strike? are these schools ready to make some tough decisions like cutting support to other athletic programs like lacrosse field hockey, or even raising tuition? >> the list of grievances these players presented are a list of grievances that players could have presented 5 or 10 years ago across the college community but they haven't been addressed. whether or not you have the security of a scholarship, for how long, whether you have health insurance, stipends transfers...we've been over this. we've been over this and over this and over this... >> it's bringing us into a sea of complete uncertainty. >> the ncaa says it will fight the northwestern effort all the way to the supreme court. >> i'm not saying the ncaa created institutional racism and poverty in the us. but the ncaa consciously benefits, because they put players from a particular background in a position where rocking the boat is lethal for their opportunities t

the estimate is, in the union army alone, among union veterans alone, there were 30,000 amputees that lived out their lives in one way or another. these men could not get jobs. this was in the 19 century. the united states had nothing resembling social security veterans associations. there was no health care. they eventually did have pensions. indeed, federal pensions to union soldiers was a kind of governmental revolution such that by 1890, one third of the entire federal budget of the united states was payments of pensions to union veterans. that story, especially of guys who survived prison camps, who survived multiple years in the army who encountered all kinds of diseases, that story has only recently been researched by historians. it has been waiting to be done. that war left a terrible set of scars on hundreds of thousands of veterans. it is also true that these veterans organizations were important fraternal organizations. veterans became an important voting block in both the south and north. they were also a political force. host: we are seeing the sights and sounds of soldie

he voted for civil unions and lost his seat.s' opponents say they reacted the only way they could. that was the only option we were given in the process that we have, because vermont does not have a referendum or a popular-vote way of coming at issues. poussaint: so while public opinion may not have tipped the scales in the legislative debate over civil unions, in the general election, it was the only thing that mattered. no democratic government can afford to simply ignore public opinion and political leaders in a democracy who disregard it do so at their peril. the term for those who too often ignore public opinion might be "former leaders." we know what we want the government to do. what's the problem? why doesn't it simply follow the public will? the problem is there isn't one public there are many. people seldom think alike or even about the same things. in this vast and varied nation differences in religion, education, region, class, gender, race, and ethnicity produce a broad spectrum of views about the political world. e

neil: unions are hypocritical? views or nothing unusual going on here democratic strategist with that view. you smell a fish. >> unions are hypocritical for seve months they were fighting against exceptions for restaurant owners and all of a sudden, now that it's coming down to the pipes, they say wait labor unions need an exception, it's hypocrisy and astonishing to think they can't get away with it. neil: chuck, aren't you ashamed to be a liberal? >> i want to be on top of this building in washington, d.c. you're talking about 10% of the unionized workers in california. give them the minimum wage. let's say you have $6 an hour worth of benefits and benefit us that bring into it but only make $14 an hour in pay. if you're collective bargaining you get on vote. neil: no, no you're shifting here. >> i'm not shifting i'm giving you facts about that. neil: the same thing the employers in the fast food industry wanted to do. can we have a two tier pay structure for the younger workers or those who are working part-time

i'm always ready to help the union cause. >> great. thank you. >> now, you go down here about half a mile. [ gunfire ] >> confederacy never dies and neither will the james' brothers. come on! ♪ ♪ >>> on the north american plain, opportunity calls men of courage, chase the sun west into a new frontier. they would shape the nation and birth a new mythology. but with the passing of time, every myth has its reckoning. jesse james, a rebellious southern boy born with a chip on his shoulder and a gun in his hand, known to america as a legendary outlaw. but behind every villain stands a man and behind every legend lies the truth. >> many people think of jesse james as a robin hood type character, who steals from the rich and gives to the poor. that's the legend of jesse james. the truth is, he's a violent criminal, a civil war rebel who hold as grudge against the union and its supporters long after the war comes to an end. >> with the reconstruction effort under way, the country is slowly reuniting. but in western missouri, memories are long

john: but the union says correctly that both the union and nonunion workers have lower wages. >> buty also have a lot more jobs i don't even believe these workers in south carolina field they are underpaid. they sweep them up a line around the block with pretty good salaries. john: what would you say to these two? >> you cannot dissolve the middle-class to think we will have progress we spend money we produce revenue that we built the middle-class pay as more people will spend more. >> if the unions are so wonderful then why do you have to force me? why can i not choose? and they don't have a response why should we force people to join if it is a wonderful thing? to join the argument please follow me atwitter or i'd like my facebook page. how important is that first job? >> washing dishes. >> but where do jobs come from? who creates jobs? >> stimulus i guess? john: where do jobs come from? who creates them? is seems like a basic question when i asked people that but the far more frequent response was a blank stare. >> people stimulus. >> i have no idea. >> one person said stimulus? g

everyone wants to make history as the first union regiment or first union core into richmond. weitzel says each group will take a different road in and converge at rocket landing. the different groups all take roads and. there's a bit of a foot race on some of the regiments where two meet, and when group would rush across the field trying to beat the other into richmond. as the troops enter, the 25th corps enters first. followed by godfrey whitesell -- weitzel. explosions are heard in the city. the city is on fire. the liberated slaves come out and greet the union troops as liberators. many drawings have been made of this scene of the federals entering, and you can always find godfrey weitzel. he did not dress in full major general's attire. here he is, shown behind a band from his 25th corps playing union songs as they march in in orderly procession into the burning capital. they stop at capitol square, which is the only place that people can get a breath of fresh air. the poor people of richmond have gone there with their belongings. at capitol square, another flag is placed

john: but the union says correctly that both the union and nonunion workers have lower wages. >> buty also have a lot more jobs i don't even believe these workers in south carolina field they are underpaid. they sweep them up a line around the block with pretty good salaries. john: what would you say to these two? >> you cannot dissolve the middle-class to think we will have progress we spend money we produce revenue that we built the middle-class pay as more people will spend more. >> if the unions are so wonderful then why do you have to force me? why can i not choose? and they don't have a response why should we force people to join if it is a wonderful thing? to join the argument please follow me atwitter or i'd like my facebook page. how important is that first job? >> washing dishes. >> but where do jobs come from? who creates jobs? >> stimulus i guess? @? john: where do jobs come from? who creates them? is seems like a basic question when i asked people that but the far more frequent response was a blank stare. >> people stimulus. >> i have no idea. >> one person said stimulus

unions are much more popular. in finland, 59% of workers are unionized. 55% in belgium. 26% in the u.k.. 18% in germany. >> in a lot of countries, in order to have any advantages from the union, you need to be a member. unions are not necessarily stronger, they are just bigger. reporter: all workers can benefit from agreements signed by the major unions. william: let's get a quick update on the market. trading volumes are like since many markets are closed -- are light since many markets are closed for may day. bhp billiton is among the best performers on the index. time for a quick look at some of the day's other top stories. lloyds bank lost 900 million euros on the forced sale of the bank, tsb. they were forced to spin off tsb after the government bought a stake in the group in 2009. they reported a rise in pretax profit in the first quarter. shares of more than 5%, the best performer on the ftse. tesla has unveiled a line of batteries for homes and businesses. the products will still -- store solar power. ceo

so do as unions say, not as unions do. i'm eric bolling. welcome to "cashin' in." juan williams jessica, welcome, everybody. michelle it's incredible, unions got their $15 minimum wage law in l.a. now they want an exemption for union workers. you're from l.a. any surprises? >> i'm not surprised at all. this is shameless. this is exactly how the unions work. this is why

and he's forced to take an oath pledging loyalty to the union.ly support and defend the constitution and the union of the united states there under. jesse is a prisoner of war and must surrender before his wounds are treated. but he has no intention of giving up. even if the confederacy is defeated. >> for jesse james, this is not the end of his conflict. it is the end of someone else's conflict and not jesse and frank james conflict. it is not over. it is still going on. with northern interest in power across missouri, frank and jesse join forces with a group of brothers that share hatred for the yankees. the ungers lost their home and family to the union and served under bloody bill anderson. >> the jams and unger ares knew each other well before that civil war and they realized the potential for a fighting force. >> are you ready? >> well, it is just matter of picking the place. >> picking the place. >> they had to do something to strike back against the federal authorities and everything that they saw as being oppressors in their lives. >> ev

will britain stay or leave european union.e the defining issue of david cameron's second term you think? >> certainly. the outside world its concerned, sound to be the key issue. the president of the european quigs was the first to send congratulations to david cameron. to say he was happy to talk to him. and hope to be able to strike a deal on the changes, david cameron is going to want in the european union if he is going to advocate a yes voten the referendum promised before 2017. of course, david cameron was the one european leader who fought against his opponent taking on the job with the european commission, andrew. >> nothing really changes in politics, sir, does it? what do you think though, robin, is it likelihood of the uk leading. britain leading? it really would be an enormous burden i guess for david cameron to be known as the man who took the country out of europe. >> yes. and if he became the man who took britain out of europe. he would be the man who broke up the united kingdom. scotland is keen to remain in th

with the soviet union.he said the following -- the only sure way to avoid war is to surrender without fighting. the other way is based on the believe that our system is stronger and eventually the enemy gives up the race. in a hopeful nation extends its hand and says, there is room and the world for both of us. think about that. that's exactly the way he came into office and faced the soviet union. the arms buildup he initiated was crucial and it was crucial to his being able to get across to the soviet union that you are not going to be able to win outside of negotiations. this is an arms race. we will win, you will lose. let's get serious about the negotiations. and you know what? i think that arms buildup had more to do with gorbachev's determination to negotiate than many people concede, because here is what gorbachev said to the politburo in 1985. we have this from the minutes of that meeting. the last thing we can afford is an arms race with the united states. we will lose. there in my mind is the ind

maybe it's because those union-backed protesters, some of them got caught with their union pants down because we called them out for wanting out. they're saying we'd like our own carveout our own exemption to our unionized buddies and you can't -- you know this wreaks of hypocrisy. looking at a plan in l.a. where some union groups were trying to get a special exemption, a carveout if you will, from that higher minimum wage. so it looked hypocritical and all of this came to light. you don't think it's unusual that this happened this special carveout request happened after the fact? >> i actually think that they should have brought this up earlier so -- >> thank you! thank you, an honest liberal. continue. >> but the concept what they're talking about makes perfect sense. what's the real motivation behind -- >> exactly the same concept those fast-food employees were utilizing that maybe we could benefit from a two-tier pay structure. >> no no, no, what's the motive? the unions have a motive to make sure that employees are getting decent wages, that they have decent benefits. they are fi

it is also important that the european union and the countries as well as the african union work in close partnership on this issue. we therefore very much welcome this perspective in the special summit as i discussed earlier recently. we're addressing the issue of poverty together, of wars, human rights unequal distribution of access to resources be it financial or other forms of resources. we need to do it with all the countries involved on an equal footing and with mutual respect. the european union is ready to do its part. that's not always been the case, i know, now i believe we're ready to do it. i believe we're ready to address challenges that affect us all and do it not only from a security perspective but first and foremost from a humanitarian perspective. the european union, we can do a lot, we cannot do it alone. it needs to be a global effort. that's why we count on your support to save lives and let me end by quoting pope francis when he says their stories make us cry and make us ashamed. i call on you today to stop crying and stop feeling ashamed. thank you. >> the e.u.'s fo

even if the european union remains simply an economic union, it has already achieved a lot.if it remains only economic, if it does not enter into the hearts of the people if there is no common belief it will run aground. narrator: these cultural foundations will be crucial to the success of the european union. translator: i am from naples and i am completely, thoroughly neapolitan. yet i have decided to spend my life in strasbourg. i will spend all my life here. it feels good here. i have a lot of friends here and this environment the european atmosphere, which is so much a part of strasbourg, suits me perfectly. narrator: further economic unification continued in 2002 with the adoption of a common currency, the euro. but, as economic, political and cultural unification proceeds, will the europeans be able to maintain their national and cultural identities? many still feel themselves to be french and many still feel themselves to be german on either side of the international boundary. strasbourg, as we were talking about earlier, has always had a little bit of an in-between

three major unions crossed two major unions' picket lines in order to make that happen.he electricians, the stagehands, and the laborers crossed the carpenters and teamsters to the picket line to make sure that that building got back on track, and it's back on track. so i think the ability to talk to unions, to talk to union leadership, and to make sure that we all work together for the best goals of our city i think is the way to go. you know, the concept of standing up and fighting back and beating down, it doesn't work in a democracy. you need to cooperate. you need to have conversation. you need to negotiate, especially with city employees. you need to negotiate fair contracts that are fair to the public and fair to the workers and i think we can do that. we've done it over the years. i mean, unionism, you know, is denigrated these days by the right, but if you think about the 40-hour work week, weekends, child-labor laws, you know unemployment compensation, workman's compensation, all those things were a result of bargaining between union and management. and i think

professor blight, i would like to get your impression or opinion on whether you think perhaps the union, beginning at appomattox, was too lenient on the confederacy, particularly its political leadership, and that impact on the success of reconstruction. david: that is a great question, sir, long examined by monday morning quarterbacks about the moral aspects of the civil war. by any legal measure thousands upon thousands of southerners had committed treason. if you resigned your commission in the u.s. military to take up guard -- take up arms against your government, that is treason. if you resign your seat in congress to join the political movement against your government, that is treason. that is one thing. at the end of the war, it was abraham lincoln's vision, and many other people were with them on this -- he did not want this war to end in enveloping guerrilla warfare that might have gone into the hills and mountains to the west of us for months. that would have been the worst possible kind of ending. that is a clean ending they are reenacting. another matter to ask, what about t

the united autoworkers pushing lower pay for new union workers as long as it means union jobs. in other words and pay attention to this because it is the ultimate in hypocrisy. the very two tiered pay structure unions hated in other workplaces like i don't know fast food places, they are perfectly willing to accept for themselves again as long as it is not existing union members feeling that lower pay pinch but the new members coming in. wait, you are probably saying wasn't that the same argument that fast food employers were make against an across-the-board wage hike, that high school workers are just part-time workers shouldn't get the same 15 bucks that someone else does, that there ought to be a two tiered taste. unions are parasites that only fight for higher wages when it helps the bottom line. so don't give me any middle ground, how do you feel? [ laughter ]. >> well neil this is straight out of pages of animal farm. all the animals are equal except some like the unions are equal than more the rest. and you summed it up, the unions are proposing entry level, low wage, lo

if the unions cared about the worker instead of the unions and union bosses they would let this see houston it worms with consumers and those who own the franchise, let it settle in and then see what they can do next, but this is not doing anybody any good. it's not good for the workers. no good for consumers or the company. it's good for the union bosses and that's their whole strategy. >> and ashley, is that what this is about? union membership has been declining precipitously. are they trying get more workers? >> yes. bren darks union bosses and unions could care less about the worker. they care more about filling their own coffers and that's been clear throughout the whole orchestrated arbitrary movement. they have funneled work money into worker centers to make it look like it's a worker-led movement when it's not. it's been sponsored by the unions as we mentioned before. the think i think sherry pointed out that was so important here is the fact that literally union bosses are reaping profits here and they're going to do it at the expense of jobs. they're almost like the hamburglar bu

the striking union was funded by moscow. various times as governor, two men tried to like gasoline bombs at his home where he and nancy and his son were sleeping. security agents fired the two men, but they slipped away in the darkness. to his credit when he testified before the house committee on un-american activities, he did not advocate evicting communists from the united states. he said the united states was strong enough to to tolerate all points of view as long as they were peaceful. that stood him out from robert taylor and other actors who call for the expulsion of communist provocativeeurs. there is an irrefutable fact in 1980 we were losing the cold war. by 1989, we were winning the cold war. as jacob patrick said, the -- gene kirkpatrick said about the san francisco democrats "from the fall of saigon, soviet influence expanded in laos, cambodia ethiopia, libya syria, madagascar, the seychelles, nicaragua, and grenada. not all the democrats were pro -soviet and anti-american. that is ridiculous. there are many goo

even if it meant destroying union and the slavery together. they expressed views with uncommon eloquence. two orators in an age of great or story. they developed a cautious mutual respect and ultimately genuine mutual admiration. two great men whose furious dissonance ended up as common goals made each of them greater. abraham lincoln and frederick douglass. no one who met either one never forgot being in his presence or how they expressed themselves publicly and privately. tonight, by using the very words lincoln and douglass wrote and spoke to one another about each other, and to the public and by deploying the portraits for which they sat around the time many of their meetings occurred it's almost possible to see and hear them confronting each other again over their shared aspirations and differences. the result we'd like to think is an authentic lincoln-douglass don't. in some cases in actual recollected conversation, but for a few conjunctions each and every word you hear was written or spoken by these protagonists themselves. tonight, we

where the union army was unsuccessful, freedom remained elusive.rok proclamation in 1863, but until then, freedom was not grasped by many in the south, and so the defeat of lee's army again, so potent a symbol, and in the minds of the african-americans, of slavery, the racial superior superiority, and all it stood s here a for, the army looms large as t invo freedom day. there are two stories here that involve african-americans both liberators and liberated here, and that makes this is very very powerful symbol.ver >> just to let the caller know, our cameras a are all over. we have colored troops here as slave well as reenactors of the freed slaves here. be able a lot of sooigts and sounds from the historical park.ab we hope to be able to see them as well. >> well, and the color is right to know this is a very important subject with a great deal to learn. >> let's go to linda in florida. >> caller: yes, first of all, c-span thank you