basically yawnion strength bit the -- union strength built the middle class, building union and non-union middle class up. you have to remember that the union sets the bar. when the union is raised nonunion alike get the raze. once again, if everything opted out, it would - we'd be back to probably about turn of the century conditions in the working areas. >> well let's get down to specifics. for decades you made your living as a union electrician, a member of ibew. when you walked on to a job site with a union card in your wallet. what's the difference between that work then and what will go on on a job site in kanosha. milwaukee, what is going to be different. well slowly the training will change. i was afforded training. every member before me paid into a found fund. that was through union dews. -- dues. all that goes out the window. i was asked to pull wire put in pie. it was done by standards established over years. you have identified who you will be up against, working next to. safety and quality will erode. it will not play good for customers and business owners. and it will not p

the union would expand. the union was dynamic. the union was processed. the union was a movement toward a better world because what it demonstrated -- we've talked about equality. we know how important that is. we're all equal. but what is the point of equality. it enables you to consent. you can't consent if you're not equal. and what do you consent to? you consent to that which enhances the welfare of mankind. because suddenly the people are governing themselves. they're not under the heel of despots and pirates. now self-government. and i want to tell you this, ply fellow americans -- i'm getting worked up now. you can tell. >> have a sip of water. >> i better. americans, you're just going to have to wait a minute. democratic government. hold on to your seats. is an engine for moral progress. i'm channeled jefferson. i'm channeled the democratic enlightenment. once the people rule themselves, government will improve. we will no longer have coercive despotic governments. we will be governing ourselves. >> you can't have a real union if there's in any oa

or even that union. that's a big decision. and it shouldn't be jammed into 11 days or two weeks. you need the time to be informed to make such a decision. a yes vote on the resolution will help rein in this activist national labor relations board and ensure workers, employers, unions can participate in a fair union election process. is i urge my colleagues to support s.j.res. 8 and i yield back the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman yields back. all time for debate has expired. pursuant to house resolution 152, the previous question is ordered on the joint resolution. the question is on third reading of the joint resolution. those in favor say aye. those opposed, no. the ayes have it. third reading. the clerk: joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter of title 5 united states code of the rules submitted by the national labor relations board relating to representation case procedures. the speaker pro tempore: the question is on passage of the joint reso

the union? i will give you a point of things that the union did be -- where i live. i worked at the company for 22 years, before the cup and closed, we never got -- the company closed, before the union, we never got increases in retirement, we got a little increase in wages but, before the union, we got none of those things. guest: that's exactly why people would want to join a union, if they feel like it will represent them. i'm glad you asked about the representational issue, where unions are required to represent other workers. the issue part of that, if you look at history, you can look at these for yourself, that is a burden that union officials choose to pull onto themselves. it is the only contact with they can come back and say, oh, these people need to pay feet. did you know, union officials never told you this, union officials are the ones that choose to be the exclusive monopoly bargaining agent in the workplace? they do that because it is context for their ability to say, you have to

in that two hours, union infantry, along with union cavalry, will move forward, and hitting the eastern end of that confederate line will literally roll it right back through that intersection. grant has one of his staff officers there. you are probably going to hear his name more and more associated with the next couple of weeks. his name is horace porter. horse porter is going to arrive at the battlefield there -- from the battlefield there at five forks, back to grant's headquarters, because grant, for the first time in this campaign, has left and made his battlefield with the armies, set up at dabney steam sawmill, and having arrived there, when horace porter rise back that evening, -- rides back that evening, he reports that sheridan has completely defeated the confederate wars protecting the south side -- force protection the southside railroad. of course, you can imagine after nine and a half months what must've been the relief for those union officers, finally realizing there on the verge of capturing lee's supply line, knowing he will have to fight to defend it, or leave. grant

there's a lot of union leaders acting like it exists. >> in recent years, big legacy unions negotiateompany friendly contract to help corporations compete. the last contract signed with the big three car-makers had a no strike clause and lower wages for new workers. some unions see opportunity in an improving economy and growing wage gap. >> i'm doug a worker at mcdonald's, and we too, have been fighting for $15 an hour and the right to form a union. >> in chicago and across the nation fast food workers are rallying for a higher minimum wage with support from the union. it is trying to organise workers like nancy, who worked at mcdonald's for 12 years and makes $8.35 an hour. >> when i ask for it we deserve it. >> low-paying industries like fast food and services are rite for organising. but they think unions need to do a better job marketing to the users. >> if i'm in the union, that would be great - that's the attitude. if they are not in the union, they are not doing anything for me. that's a big problem. we'll lose the battle for public opinion. riding to work could be a benefit t

by 1865, a large portion of the territory has been occupied by union forces and union indians. eventually as the news comes out that the trans-mississippi department has been surrendered which does include this area, the different indian leaders will start to discuss among themselves internally within their tribes and amongst the other leaders of tribes and a well, one by one -- they well, one by one, approach union officers about cease-fires. the first to do this is the choctaw. they renounce allegiance to the confederacy and negotiate a peace treaty. the most famous you may have heard of was on june 23 when the cherokee seminole, and creek will do so at doakes fell -- also -- doakesville. nearby is for townsend. doakesville is a trading post and had been occupied as a supply base. we do not know any details, we do not know where they met in the village or what they talked about, it was not reported and there is nothing left of it -- recorded and there is nothing left of it today. the last will be on july 14 when the chickasaw will renegotiate terms with the united states. the

for the most part the union army would be on the offensive. but the militia and the reserves , like in richmond, these were more clerk. they had other jobs. it did not toward the army toward the confederate army, but there are two stories of valor by the militia or the reserves that take place in the last year of the war. one is june night, 1864. -- june 9 1864. just east of here there was a bottle of old men and young boys. these were civilian altars who came out and defeated the union calvary attack on the petersburg and on the bridge over stand river. we did see some heavy action. all caps, not on duty over time. please. i've always been curious why generally was not aware or did not do something to prevent the separation of forces. bwhich is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] life as i mentioned, the confederate army was on the move from amelia to farmville was for the most part on one roadway. generally was writing in the front. leading the confederate column through that area was general long street first

americaned shut have the choice to get into unions or choice to get out of unions. >> that's what the bottom line is. it is supposed to be about choice. this is an idea that is totally antiquated and out of its time. who on this panel has been part of a union? i have. you are forced to join, you are forced to pay deuce. it wasn't something that made sense to me. i wasn't allowed to work in the work place unless i paid this group of people that was supposedly bargaining on my behalf. i didn't agree with what they were doing. i was forced to pay them. felt like the mafia. felt like i was shaken down. >> is this the same situation? >> yeah. to me i was forced to pay. they didn't do anything for me. >> everybody be quiet please. i want to get emily in for a second. union membership has plummeted over the last decade. aren't workers voting? >> it has. in illinois when there are these public/private partnerships which are lessss clear, they are no longer able to be unionized. it's declining for a couple of reasons. also our economy just looks very different. jobs are coming through in all s

union model?>> for me obviously being part of a teachers union, private sector is definitely different to the public sector. >> more accountability in the private sector. >> no collectively bargaining against the taxpayer doesn't make sense. no one is sitting at the table. you have you know inmates running the asylum. there's a finite amount of money going into the public sector for people and employers. and to sit there and suck it dry - we see school districts that lost millions, have been - you know where they have to lay off teachers to keep the benefits and the salaries for teachers. we are seeing larger class sizes. less teachers. they are trying to maintain the union contracts. no one is it issing for the taxpayer. the pendulum has swung too far. >> you are waiting to respond. >> let me say a few things first, i'm the proud son and father of teachers represented by unions. and i'm disturbed by the demonisation of teachers in this country, millions of whom go to work on the front lines, and

one union regiment. other officers are sent in to oversee the parole passes and one of the officers says it was an uneasy feeling to be surrounded by confederate soldiers, many of who are getting drunk and disorderly at night. the next surrender that i want to move to is alabama. on the left here is general richard taylor commands the department of alabama mississippi, and east louisiana. taylor has heard rumors about genia and north carolina and will -- virginia and north carolina. the commander of the union department of mississippi is general camby on the right there. it will be the only general who oversees two surrenders. i want to point out a few things on my map. down here is mobile. the union army is going to assault before protecting mobile -- the fort protecting mobile on april 9. the confederates will pull back up to meridian mississippi. in these towns up here in mississippi and alabama, the confederate army is going to concentrate and the union army is going to concentrate -- capture mobile

. >> the state of the unions, after decades of decline, america's labor unions are in a sorry state.on membership has plunged from a peak of 35%over the labor force to just 11% today. that translates to fewer than 15 million union workers out of a total u.s. labor force of 131 million workers. more than three decades of decline in manufacturing jobs, and the failure of unions to penetrate factories in south have contributed to the decline. almost half all of union workers today have jobs in the public sector. they are the kind of jobs paid for by local and state governments, but lawmakers have rolled back union influence through so-called right to work legislation. this and other moves against unions are motivated in part by states eager to attract employers, slash budgets, and in part by an idealogical threat to unions. according to the labor department, union members earn weekly pay of $970, median. compare to that to what non-union workers get. median pay of $763 a week, and you see what unions have managed to achieve. even so they are increasingly losing their relevance. unions d

americaned shut have the choice to get into unions or choice to get out of unions. >> that's what the bottom line is. it is supposed to be about choice. this is an idea that is totally antiquated and out of its time. who on this panel has been part of a union? i have. you are forced to join, you are forced to pay deuce. it wasn't something that made sense to me. i wasn't allowed to work in the work place unless i paid this group of people that was supposedly bargaining on my behalf. i didn't agree with what they were doing. i was forced to pay them. felt like the mafia. felt like i was shaken down. >> is this the same situation? >> yeah. to me i was forced to pay. they didn't do anything for me. >> everybody be quiet please. i want to get emily in for a second. union membership has plummeted over the last decade. aren't workers voting? >> it has. in illinois when there are these public/private partnerships which are less clear, they are no longer able to be unionized. it's declining for a couple of reasons. also our economy just looks very different. jobs are coming through in all sor

last year ram union rescue asked an i.t.to develop a gps unit and software to help locate the missing elderly. the seniors carry the gps unit, which sends out a signal of their location to the rescue center. the group was able to distribute about 3,000 units for free. thanks to subsidies and donations. once every few months a ram union rescue member visits the elderly at home to check on the units. this 88-year-old man with symptoms of dementia has been rescued by ram union on numerous occasions. since giving the man the gps unit the rescue team has been able to locate him promptly. a relief for everyone in the family. one doctor of chinese medicine inspired by ram union rescue's activities has decided to offer his help. he specializes in neurology. dr. ni kefeng is head of the hospital's rehabilitation center. he also teaches a university graduate program. reportedly, the number of patients suffering from dementia increases by 300,000 every year. with few institutions specializing in this condition, families are caring for

they ended up in the soviet union. where steve shows they use their expertise to develop the microelectronics industry and create moscow's version of silicon valley. most recently, alan hornbloom wrote his book, the invisible harry gold. not only does he make it assertion of rosenbergs -- -- it clear he was a spy for the soviets, contrary to the assertion of rosenbergs defenders. he explained sympathetically why he decided to engage in espionage, and reaches the conclusion that goal told the truth and julius rosenberg and his colleagues were not. gold was labeled by the rosenbergs' defenders as a delusional psychotic. while the rosenbergs and morton sobell were displayed as innocent martyrs to mccarthy witch on. -- a mccarthyite witchhunt. -- gold was very intent on making amends for what he considered his traitorous acts and telling the truth. although his lawyers had ample legal ground that would've allowed gold to escape indictment and prosecution. perhaps the most recent damming news was the confession of codefenda

they asked a local union for help in organizing their union. in the runup to the union elections, the workers were forced to attend one on one or group meetings on work time where the management could convince workers to vote against the union. this company hired a private security firm and posted security guards outside the voting area during the vote. workers felt intimidated. the company appealed the election results and nlrb rulings overand over again adding delay after delay and revote after revote. in july, 2005, 40 months after a petition was first filed to hold an election, the nlrb board finally certified a union for the workers. still, the company continued to offer appeal after appeal of the election results and even fired 31 union supporters in 2007. finally, at the end of 2012, ten years later the certified union reached its first union contract. remember i noted that most workplaces are organized things are done in four months? well that's not always the case. the nlrb's updated union election rules would help reduce this kind of

unions. may debate to override the president's veto of the xl oil pipeline. live coverage when the senators return on c-span2. ash carter and joint chiefs chairman general michael dempsey, will testify before the senate armed services committee on capitol hill this afternoon. they will be explaining their defense department's budget requests for next year. c-span3 will have live coverage starting 2:30 eastern. senator bob menendez spoke at the annual american after israel public affairs congress. should prevent iran developing one nuclear weapon. that was the prime minister issue for israeli prime minister bejnamin netanyahu before a joint meeting of congress a short time ago. we'll have the speech entirety about 12:30 eastern. right now senator menendez. this is about 20 minutes. [applause] ♪ >> thank you very much. let me thank my good friend lonnie kaplan and all of aipac's leaders and members. this is not in my remarks but let me just say i listening to these parents was so moved. we must

in the eyes of grant and union it vindicated the founders belief in a perpetual union. it vindicated the capacity of citizen soldiers, representing democracy. tout fight the conscripts and dupes of an autocratic society. that's how union soldiers saw confederates. the downfall of the confederacy unburdened the south and the nation of slavery, and institution of orange to all civilized -- abhorrent to all civilized people. the way was open for the unions moral progress, and white southerners could be distant trawled from their subservience to the slaveholding class. granted not believe lee is meant to be blameless. for every sin there must be a chance at atonement. grants magnanimity was designed to affect that atonement. union soldiers come up for their fall -- for their part, a their victory both to their superhuman effort and to divine providence. thanks and praise to almighty god for the great thing he has done for us in saving our country, wrote a major of the 20th maine. he was expressing the widely shared conviction amid union troops that in the end providence and

union? it's unamerican. unions are unamerican when they force people. that's part of it. this is a big problem i think. >> at the same time we want to make sure workers have the right to organize. >> absolutely. >> that's in danger. that's in jeopardy here. that's what we have to discuss. >> i well tell you, it's not the mob putting guns to people's head, this is the last stand for unions and they are pulling all the stops. scott walker may be the last member. >> union membership continuing to shrink. >> i remember in madison for his recall election. they said hurtful things to me. >> how many times has walker been recalled? >> every other month. >> this guy comes back every time. he's got to be saying something. >> we'll see where it goes. they are defaulting. now a group of college students have no problem sticking you with the bill. earth hour is a way for the citizens of the world to send clear message they want action on climate change. use your power... use your power... use your power

he gave that to the soviet union. some of the other technology the rosenberg ring gave, that we know, is the blueprints for the first american designed jet engine. blueprints for the first american mass-produced jet aircraft, and specifications of manufacturing instructions for the fdr 584 radar which is the most important radar that was produced in the second world war. the russians were so happy with the fdr 584 information they offered to give the rosenberg ring a $5,000 bonus. which was some money back then. members of the rosenberg ring were aghast that it was suggested they were doing it for money, they wouldn't take the money. that gives you an idea how important they thought it was. the rosenberg ring gave thousands of pages of documents to the soviets. we don't know exactly what was in them. we know he gave a a 12,000 page blueprint for the shooting star and another 5000 pages. in sobell gave 2000 pages 1945, to the soviets. it is reasonable to infer that anything they had axis two they gave. that is what the

i took the role of the union soldier. he and i were companions in trying to learn more about the events that took place on the retreat. one of the areas that i was interested in was the battle of sailor's creek. sailor's creek became a state park in 1936. efforts were made to purchase more land for the park and have it become a national park. something happened, world war ii came along and the impetus was lost. after the war when things started looking up, there was a congressman who was from appomattox county and guess who got the national park? appomattox. sailor's creek languished for the next couple of decades. finally in 2008, sailor's creek which had been a satellite to a recreational park called twin like sailor's creekake, i was fortunate enough even though i was working for the national park service to be asked to be on a planning team for sailor's creek and later here at highbridge. i was familiar with the goals of the park service as to what they wanted. thanks to a bond referendum, $3.2 million was raised to d

also going to be the net result of more government involvement with the unions and more union involvement in business in this country. >> wayne, will this be, i don't know case study fort rest of the country? scott walker fights the unions and wins, finally he wins, when are they going to win up and when are other states going to do the same? >> i think there's a referendum in a lot of these states eric and some of them have already passed them and some of them will continue to. anytime you can develop freedom, anytime you can have a free economy, a free election free anything it's better than have coercion. as jonathan points out, the unions are coercing people, coercion is never good for anything and it's not anti-union that you're saying this, you're saying, yes, we're all for this but it's got to be for everybody and got to be something that everybody understands and it's not so that you're forced to do something. >> i'll take you one step further i'll take the heat for this jess, i can't stand the unions i'm happy scott walker is fighting the unions. >> my thoughts on this are you kn

and not all unions are bad, but not all unions are good. are a lot of back door deals that take place. . and businesses don't want to deal with that. the idea that businesses are not going to care about employees or not care about safety is really just as just ridiculous. because it puts them out of business. in the long run, and we have seen this in the other 24 right to work states most recently michigan, i think it will be beneficial to wisconsin. >> what about the argument that this will destroy the union? are they not weaker than they were ten, 15 years ago? >> you know i don't know. every state is different. in some respects i think this could strengthen the union, because you do have people that don't want to belong to the union and are going to take adz vantage of jumping ship. by law they should only be asking me for money for collective bargaining and administrative fees but they were using that money to funnel to different political causes and different candidates i can't agree with. so it is going to force reform on union. and u

my wife also blocked to the bakery union. -- belongs to the bakery union. they have spent a lot of money here lately on training our members to be first-class craftsman and on safety. we do a lot of mail work. -- mill work. it is a benefit to unit and great to me. it has put my kids through college. but the thing is, about the unions. the prevailing wage -- see, i am a union member and i have paid my dues in. but with wage jobs here in missouri, they pay the benefits directly to the nonunion worker instead of putting it into the benefit page so it is not really fair to the unions member because the nonunion member actually makes more money at the end of the day. host: all right, richard, we are going to leave it there. lydia depillis. what does that mean? guest: i think part of it is that if you are making more, you pay more in social security taxes than your employer does. and that is a common pool that people who are not being members might draw from. and you are also could you bidding to your union pension fund -- also contributing to your union pension

other union soldiers knew exactly what was going on. a commander row, a little to the right, negroes occupied the trenches. master and slave me on equal terms, and the possib hostility is implacable. they both fight without session. there is retribution and justice. doris was an abolitionist from the beginning. most white union soldiers were not. they were democrats when they listed. that changed tremendously. of course, abraham lincoln had a lot to do with that. while history was being made bruce patton noted the incredible sight of hardened soldiers going up to battle and boating for more war to be far by itself, instead of an end to fighting. the men who voted for it -- it was disproportionately for lincoln -- that vote for lincoln was not just of over lincoln, it was a vote for emancipation, and a vote of confidence in the commander-in-chief, and frankly a vote of confidence in themselves, the soldiers they had become. lincoln had a relationship with the men of the union that is probably unique among all commanders in chief. what's

spying for the soviet union was a different matter than spying for the soviet union in 1944. one more bit of the story. i will go over it very quickly. two americans that escaped from the fbi and a dramatic fashion. they ended up in the soviet union, and helped create the soviet computer industry. this is a picture of them in >> can i say thank you now? allen kornblum, -- hornbloom you are the expert. >> harry gold was far from the prepossessing character. in fact, he was nearly invisible. he could easily pass on the street a dozen times and never take notice. he was no james bond, at least not in the swab, imposing manner. as everyone knows, hollywood creations do not mesh with reality. make no mistake, portly mild-mannered harry gold was the real deal. he was a secret agent who won the order of the red star. his impact on espionage and the endless rosenberg saga is nothing short of momentous. not surprisingly, that j edgar hoover would call gold a master soviet spy, the target of the toughest case the fbi ever made and the center of the crime of the century. even someone he

we were notified by the union that had actively led strikes in the past.onth earlier, a fire broke out and gutted the factory. all the management staff have left. and nobody plans to return. ex-workers have gathered in front and are repeating demands that will probably never be heard. the protest began without consulting any labor unions. >> ex-workers say they come here every day because doing nothing at home makes them feel helpless. chbl >> many workers would like to find work at other factories if they could. but new jobs are few and far between. most have no choice but to tap into what savings they have or borrow money to get by. cambodia has yet to develop a welfare system to protect workers who face such a desperate plight. meanwhile, while others have suffered, one factory has managed to expand sales during the past two years. no one here has ever gone on stri strike. all factory tasks are managed by leaders selected by workers. salaries are determined by the productivity of the team, meaning that wages can increase, even if the country's minimum w

now firmly in union hands. it will be turned by the union army over that coming winter into a giant supply base, similar to our forward operating bases today. it is from chattanooga not following spring that william tecumseh sherman will take a combined eu nor me an advance southwards from chattanooga towards atlanta -- a combined union army and advanced southwards from chattanooga towards atlanta, the industrial heartland, disrupt and destroy most of it. bringing the war to a close in spring 1865. observers and participants at the time believed that union success here at chattanooga was a signal of ultimate union success in the war. some have said that this was the death knell of the confederacy. chattanooga remained in union hands from their seizure of it in this campaign for chattanooga and 1863 onto the end of the war . in part because it was a union base and garrison town in the last year and a half of the war, it allow a number of individuals from the north to come to chattanooga and began exploiting the

the union, union forces declared a blockade on april 19 of 861. that was just -- 1861. that was just two days after jefferson davis had declared the confederates would authorize privateers to go after union shipping which is itself an act of war. but the union blockade was declared in april 19th of 1861. the idea was that the federals would position warships around the confederate coast around the southern ports and prevent vessels from coming in and out. running the blockade was it legal? it wasn't legal in the eyes of union forces, it was legal in the eyes of the confederacy because they didn't recognize federal -- they didn't recognize federal authority in the is seceded states -- in the seceded states. blockade running was mostly done as a private venture. anyone could become a blockade runner if you had the capital or a vessel or the business interests, and lots of people did. lots of, lots of folks who were involved in other aspects of business became involved in blockade running during the war because that was a way to maintain their businesses. how seriously did

so he was a major enemy of the soviet union. he was a biographer of this and he himself had been a member but he was a good biographer and an interesting guy and he said that was the first shot getting rid of him. and they were all on the side of course. >> host: you have a chapter in here about elliott. tell me his story. >> guest: the thing about his story he went to ronald reagan and praised both people he said look i conducted with people, they are the ones that are helpful to me and when i say blacklist if all they had to do basically if you were a communist and you have a car and a house committee found out that you were a member of the party and had an amonte member of the party etc. as long as you could get back to work in hollywood easily. they wouldn't see anything say anything but all you have to do is renounce. that's all you have to do and of course they would say you have to go back and name names and say who your fellow conspirators but they all got back to work. i just wanted to find out about that and he was pra

let me put on record how hard the correspondence union work. they get thousands of letters, including for members of parliament, every week. i will look into that and make sure she gets a reply from me. let me say to all those live -- living in hampton, they will get a lot of letters from you in the coming week. [shouting] >> mr. governor. >> last week, the competition for rail services, including -- he may be aware that some people in this house want a long review of franchise, leading to re-nationalization of railways. i wonder if he understood the delays and misery this could cause in norwich, up and down the main lines, if this were to happen. >> first of all, let me thank my honorable friend for the work that he has done to press for better rail service. we have a clear view, we want to achieve its which in 60 minutes, norwich and 90 minutes. that is what the reforms are about. happy birthday to the shadow chancellor, in his words. the aim of this, when he has time after the election, he will be able to see norwich and 90 minutes. i think

the studio unions a major labor union leader in and he had to defeat them. they were on their way out after 47 hearings. hollywood began making anti-communist. one of the things i want to bring out as the boat, in my view they are the good guys. the did the right thing and hollywood is no longer churning out all these things saying how wonderful the soviet union was. >> it's hard to debate the stone was bad, isn't it? >> but that is exactly what the movies to. the soviet union in world war ii, but the fact is, these people were beyond that. i mean,, mission to moscow. and that is howard koch. constant casablanca, one of my favorite films. he put in a little pro- soviet propaganda into the builder character. >> i want to ask you about that. your father was a favorable witness, nonhostile. >> absolutely. there were a lot of favorable witnesses basically a part of the motion picture line. she was -- >> but what i was interested to read with the hollywood ten famously blacklisted, went to jail for a time some moves to mexico, a lot of them are of hollywood movie

destroy the union army.and i think there is a good argument to be made for his point of view, that time wasn't necessarily on his side. yes. >> i came across an interesting comment -- [inaudible] >> sure. >> and toward the end of the war there's finish. finish -- dictator who takes that position, crown me as caesar and maybe win this thing. kid you come across -- >> yes, i did. and, in fact, it was published in newspapers at the time. newspapers openly said basically, george washington was essentially a dictator at the end of the revolutionary war. what we need right now is robert e. lee to take that authority. now, lee himself was never interested in that. he felt that he could barely do what he had to do to oversee the army of northern virginia. how could he possibly take responsibility for everything else? that said, he does end up accepting the title of general-in-chief of all of the confederate forces which just makes his job all the much harder. and you might think, again, he celebrates this as a great

to join the union.katie utehs is out there. she will tell us what the teamsters want the drivers to demand from the shuttle companies and how the drivers are reacting to the pressure. stay tuned. good morning. thank you for joining us. friday, march 13th. i'm dave clark. let's talk about your weather and traffic, see how it looks, how it feels. >> going to feel pretty warm and tropical-like. we're not there yet. it's cool out there. a lot of high clouds streaming over us. temperatures will be above average, not only today but into surkt. pollen levels continue to be really high and favor the trees. it won't take long to get the grass and weeds going. mull berylry and sycamore and -- mulberry, sycamore and oak trees the culprit. we'll have partly sunny, partly cloudy skies. probably won't matter to a hill of beans down in southern california. near 90 over the weekend for los angeles. in fact, record-setting heat for much of california. a lot of high clouds. could take a few temperatures down a notch or t

lee cap makes the terms to the south because union forces keep blocking the way but the union armies -- can't make the turn to the south because union forces keep blocking the way. this map shows the final battle which takes place on the morning of april 9. confederates initially pushed a union back but as reinforcements arrived they realize they cannot break through and the confederate army is surrounded on three sides of the river on the other side. lee and grant me that very afternoon of april 9. one of the things that makes the appomattox surrender you knew there is an active campaign and right up to the last minute there is fighting. we do not know who the last casualty was, there is probably no way to know because the fighting spread out across the village. one of the possible candidates is montgomery from pennsylvania, that is his photograph. as the flags of truce go out and fighting dies down, both sides have a chance to pause and catch the reps -- their breath and for the confederates, this is the first time they have had to process things. we have all been in situations whe

if you want the soviet union. when hitler decided to make the alliance with the soviet union not only did stalin switch but so did all the communist party members in the united states in hollywood as well. they're going to be making an goofy picture by the way. they are going to glorify it this year. there was one of this time period. i went into some detail about how they became for adolf hitler. >> host: that is absolutely remarkable. >> guest: the fourth american writers conference which was held in new york but the point is they had these american writer conferences. i go into detail on the fourth american writers conference and all of these in hollywood for undecided adolf hitler. they didn't say with a view to adolf hitler. they all of hitler's enemies and particularly england. england was considered a pariah country so far as the hollywood left was concerned i got the fourth american writers congress in august people at dumping on england's saint england. >> host: this is after the nonaggression pact of 193