iraq will eventually comply with all relevant united nations resolutions, and then, when peace is restored, it is our hope that iraq will live as a peaceful and cooperative member of the family of nations. thus enhancing the security and stability of the golf. -- gulf. some may ask why ask now, why not wait? it is clear. the world could wait no longer. sanctions, though having some effect, showed no signs of accomplishing their objective. sanctions were tried for well over five months, and we and our allies concluded that sanctions alone would not force saddam from kuwait. while the world waited, saddam hussein systematically raped, pillaged, and plundered a tiny nation, no threat to his own. he subjected the people of kuwait to unspeakable atrocities. and among those maimed and murdered, innocent children. while the world waited, saddam sought to add to the chemical weapons arsenal he now possesses an infinitely more dangerous weapon of mass destruction, a nuclear weapon. and while the world waited, while the world talked peace and withdrawal, saddam hussein dug in and moved massive force

from my state and my home parrish as president biden's nominee to be the representative to the united nations and the representative of the united states in the security council ambassador linda thomas-greenfield. ambassador thomas-greenfield is currently serving on the biden transition team and was previously the head of the africa practice for the allbright stonebridge group. the ambassador's career has been one of distinguishment as a member of the diplomatic corps of the united states. high level positions of the state department and served abroad, as well. the last position held was the assistant secretary of state for african affairs. she has vast experiences as foreign service officer with numerous publications, distinguished fellow and african studies at the georgetown university. i'm proud to say she's a graduate of louisiana state university, my aul mu mater and university of wisconsin which might be ron johnson's alma mater. u.s. representative abroad, ambassador thomas-greenfield holds numerous honors and awards and in 2016 even had a school named after her the linda thomas-greenf

we want to be and what example we hope to set for the rest of the world and as our base of the united nations the united states needs a leader who can advance not just our interests but our values, restore our alliances, rebuild bridges and develop relationships that allow us to manage disagreements, unpacked complex challenges and inspire the next generation of leaders. that is why i am so excited to have the honor of joining with senator cassidy and introducing ambassador thomas greenfield who is no stranger to this committee, to the diplomatic corps or u.s. security community. over the course of her 35 years of service to our nation under administration both republican and democrat she has earned this communities respect and admiration so much so that she is famously known as places on the world by three letters, lpg. she is joined today and has long been supported by her loving family, her husband lafayette, her daughter lindsay and her son known as deuce and we are grateful for the support for career and her service. ambassador thomas greenfield represents both the promise and progress o

, and the peacekeeping strength of the united nations alone are not enough to keep the peace. it must be kept by men. our instrument and our hope is the united nations, and i see little merit in the patients of those who would abandon this imperfect world instrument because they dislike our imperfect world. for the troubles of a world organization merely reflect the troubles of the world itself, and if the organization is weak, these troubles can only increase. we may not always agree with every detail or act taken by every office of the united nations, or with every voting majority, but as an institution, it should have in the future, as it has had in the past, since its inception, no stronger or more faithful member than the united states of america. [applause] [applause] a former cia historian who is now a professor at the catholic university of america teaches a class about intelligence activity during president kennedy's administration. he talks about the bay of pigs, the cuban missile crisis, and other covert operations during jfk'

at the very top of his agenda is the creation of what became known as the united nations. on avenue world order. liberal institutions. the world knows influence and world which would fit very well both pragmatically interests of the united states, politically in terms of business but also would look like, sound like, york ideologically right from the perspective of the united states that comes into existence in revolt, in a revolution against an empire. that's very important to understand for the mindset of 1945. also very important to understand in terms of tensions that would be there between the british and the americans because the americans would be very suspicious that what churchill is trying to do is this going through the soft underbelly of europe, into the central of europe. this is about british imperialism. this is not about the common goals. this is not the best way to defeat germany. the russians are trying to secure control of central europe, trying to secure control over the mediterranean. so there's a lot of tensions of that kind there. so united nations is

the heavy burdens that his passing places upon us. ♪♪ >> later in the fall, kennedy went to the united nationst assembly. he discussed the united states' position on all major issues confronting the world. stressed especially the issue of disarmament, outlined his program for disarmament. >> upon new a disarmament program thus includes the following proposals. signing the test ban treaty by all nations. this can be done now. stopping the production of fissionable materials for use in weapons and preventing their transfer to any nations now lacking in nuclear weapons. gradually destroying existing nuclear weapons and converting their materials to peaceful use. [ applause ] >> they came to washington to confer with kennedy during the year. indonesian president and president keta of mali, a new african nation. from pakistan president khan for whom mrs. kennedy arranged an unprecedented gala at mount vernon, home of the first u.s. president. premier nehru. former president truman and his family visited with the kennedys. and a group from another new african nation nigeria ♪♪ japan's premier iketa

the heavy burden that his passing place is upon us. >> later in the, fall kennedy went to the united nationsuarters in new york to make his anagrams speech to the assembly. he discussed the united states position on all major issues confronting the world, expressly the issue of disarmament, outlying his program for disarmament. >> our new disarmament program must include the following proposals. singling the test ban treaty by all nations. this can be done now. stopping the production of this rubble materials for use and weapons, and preventing the transfer to any nation, now lacking in nuclear weapons. gradually destroying existing clear weapons, and converting the materials to peaceful, use. >> premiers and presidents came to washington to confer with kennedy during the year, britain's leader, the president from argentina. indonesian president, and the president from mali, a new african nation. from pakistan -- from who mrs. kennedy arranged an unprecedented gala mount vernon, home of the first vice president -- u.s. president. india conferred with the president in a stroll through the whi

it ended with cold war and there were high expectations that it was the united nations. e is the victory of germany. there would be a very different type of its national order that would come to existence. indeed, a very different international order came to the four but that war was extremely divided into two camps. the mean adversary was of course the former world war ii ally. the soviet union. stolen and his successors. there is a need to explain what actually happened. at that point, you want that seem to be easy explanation. either it's the fdr's bad health or it's the presence of -- whose leader put in prison and the documents supported the argument that he was spying for the soviets. there was also -- who mr. bischof mentioned was working in the american administration while working with stalin. so it was easy to explain that the start of the cold war. the fall of the grand alliance. that's the result of certain decisions. wrong decisions that were made at a very particular time in a very particular place. the timeless yalta conference, and the place was yalta. ove

at the very top of his agenda is the creation of what's became known as the united nations. 's the creation of a new world voter. with liberal institutions. there are spheres of influence, and the world would fit very well both the pragmatic interests of the united states, politically in terms of business, but also would look like, sound like, ideologically correct from the perspective of the united states as a country that comes into existence, and revolt, and revolution against an empire. that is very important to understand for the mindset of 1945. it's also important to understand in terms of the tensions that would be there between the british and the americans, because the americans would be very suspicious that what churchill is trying to do is going through the soft underbelly of europe into central europe. this is about british imperialism. it's not about common goals. this is not the best way to defeat nazi germany. the british are just trying to secure the control of a central europe. they tried to control the mediterranean. there is a lot of tension of that kind t

representatives from the 51 united nations the united nations in session for their . a 1st time. meeting in london in 1946 there were 51 countries seated in the un general assembly now there are 193 in 1406 there were high hopes for the new organization after 2 world wars. now the world body is being tested again by the pandemic and many feel the un has failed that test because many of its members have been fending for themselves rather than working together. 7 days after the 1st general assembly in a conference room in a church building nearby in london it was the turn of the other main body of the un in charge of maintaining international peace and security listening back to these recordings today the 1st word ever spoken in the security council seems particularly jarring gentleman all 11 ambassadors on the council the number of members was later increased to 15 in 1965 what all men they wouldn't have realized it at the time in 1946 but with the benefit of hindsight 75 years on we now know the world was drifting into what we now call the cold war it lasted for more than 40 year

future general assembly where the four policemen as roosevelt called him would sort of govern the united nationsng the united states, grit britain and the soviet union and china would sort of dominate as the four policemen with the united nations and a general assembly where all nations of the world, and they were discussed earlier and it's that the soviet union insisted they wanted to have all their 16 republics represented in the general assembly, meaning georgia, ukraine and whatever would be representing as individual states would be represented there, too and churchill and roosevelt were excited about that. i'm not going to talk more about it because i'm sure that dr. plotke will pick up that issue. >> the future of germany, of course, was a very important discussion part in all of these conferences, namely the decision that germany would be occupied militarily by the big three after the war. there was an interesting incident at tehran where, in fact, they were talking about de-naziification, and the only way to de-nazify germany is to kill, and we don't know if he said it in jest. it didn'

that goes i will exact given by the united nations and by states. it. struck. at that time the united states was the most important member state contributing 40 percent of the budget was the u.n. population fund simply the puppet of its benefactors. 40 years after these population policies supported by the west over 30000000 chinese men remain involuntary bachelors because of the shortage of women. this is why millions of unemployed men from rural areas move to the cities as migrant workers they aim to earn money to improve their chances of finding a bride. leapin works in a selfie stick factory near hong kong at 27 he also does not have a girlfriend yet. on your way. down there and for no it's for the let's have more than i answer. i'm going. with my family were. there paul you know that. and every time you. have and. that song was young i mean yeah so you know what's. going. on. the number of corn goon continues to increase especially in the countryside chinese women prefer well off men from the city. china's problematic a lack of women will not change in the

govern the united nations means that the premier powers in the world. united states, great britain, the soviet union and china would dominate. there would be a general soundly were all nations of the world will be represented. but one of the sore points with the soviet union came up at he'll touch as well, but it was discussed earlier that soviet union insisted that they want to have all of that they are 60 republics represented in the general assembly, meaning georgia, ukraine, whatever, would be representing as individual states would be represented there as well, and churchill and roosevelt were not very excited about that. i'm not going to talk more about that because i am sure that we will pick up that issue. the future of germany of course was a very important discussion, part in all of these conferences, namely that decision that germany would be occupied militarily by the big three after the war. there was a interesting incident in tehran where in fact they were talking about the denazification of germany, and stalin said, the best way to did no

the department was founded at the united nations in 1969 the un f.p.a. the united nations popular. and found through this ostensibly neutral path western governments channeled millions into population control in developing countries the major donors besides the united states were sweden great britain germany and switzerland. south korea was among the earliest testing grounds for population control the country was devastated after the korean war at the same time there was a baby boom with the highest birth rates in the world the united states participated in the reconstruction from the very beginning population control being high on the agenda. these 4 korean women grew up in a village 200 kilometers from seoul and still remember the war and the time that followed. good. bye and i'll call. him lucky tedham. loki being a law he was the look i feel of acting in a little or you want all my being do. i don't feel is wrong. go slow the radio along. to my poor. mom. who only. want to go through the whole world cup in the kernel and it doesn't look like you don't really want her there may h

is also part of the system of the united nations whose fundamental rule is non interference in other country's affairs on the one hand w.h.o. is told to monitor developments and if need be intervened in the politics of sovereign nations while on the other hand it is to in general refrain from such actions to teach you to. look what happened at the world trade organization at the w t o one a country is out of line it is immediately brought to order by the w t o director general and other states. and if it still refuses to accept requirements it can leave the w t o but quitting the w t o is a dramatic move for a country so what people have accepted on the economic front for capitalism and trade they are incapable of doing so for human health. and that is tragic. the w.h.o. in common with any institution serving the public interest has been weakened this is not this is not some kind of unfortunate mistake it is wanted they do not want a strong w.h.o. they want a world health organization that will rep that will so the fact that health is a trillion dollar market. the w.h.o. faced unlimi

is also part of the system of the united nations whose fundamental rule is non interference in other country's affairs on the one hand w.h.o. is told to monitor developments and if need be intervene in the politics of sovereign nations while on the other hand it is to in general refrain from such actions would you do to. look what happened at the world trade organization at the w t o i want a country is out of line it is immediately brought to order by the w t o director general and other state. and if it still refuses to accept requirements it can leave the w t o but quitting the w t o is a dramatic move for a country so what people have accepted on the economic front for capitalism and trade they are incapable of doing so for human health. and that is tragic. the w.h.o. in common with any institution serving the public interest has been weakened this is not this is not some kind of unfortunate mistake it is wanted they do not want a strong w.h.o. they want a world health organization that will rep that will so the fact that health is a trillion dollar market. the w.h.o. faced unlim

which has destroyed freedom in tibet, which has attacked india and has been condemned by the united nations. it's a nation that is helping the forces of violence and almost every continent. >> the contest in vietnam is part of a larger pattern of aggressive tendencies. where are these realities our concern? why are we in south vietnam? we are there because we have a promise to keep. since 1954, every american president has offered support to the people of south vietnam. we have helped to build and we have helped to defend. that's, over many years, we made a national pledge to help south vietnam defend its independence. and i intend to keep that promise. [applause] to dishonor that pledge, to abandon the small and brave nation to its enemies, and to the terror that must follow would be a unforgivable wrong. we are also there to strengthen world order. around the globe. some berlin to thailand. people whose well-being rests in part on the fact that they can count on as if they are under attack. to leave vietnam to its fate would shake the confidence of all of these people in the valley of an

well he agree to the holding of free elections, under the sponsorship of the united nations?o permit people everywhere in every nation on every continent, to vote on one single civil -- simple issue? that issue is, do you want to live under a communist regime or under a free system, such as that found in the united states? [cheers and applause] >> a long roar of approval follows ike's challenge to kruschev. then, the convention gets down to the task of nominating its standard bearer. there is little suspense, save for 10 votes cast for arizona senator goldwater, it is all nixon. the roll call vote is 1321 for the vice president. a moved to make the nomination of nixon unanimous comes from the arizona delegation and this is done by acclamation as announced by the congressman of indiana. >> the chair declares that vice president richard m. nixon has been unanimously nominated to be the candidate of the republican party for the office of president of the united states. [cheers and applause] >> the party spells unity for its candidate, richard milhouse nixon. the 47-year-old cali

and the ambassador of the united nations are among those presented.e house the cabinet is sworn in by chief justice warren in the presence of mr. kennedy. these men will assist the president in fulfilling the responsibilities of the executive branch of the government. the administration of president john fitzgerald kennedy begins. ♪

for more than five months, we, along with the arab league, the european community, the united nationsic avenue. the u.n. secretary-general, presidents gorbachev, mubarak, king hassan, prime ministers, majors, just to name a few, all worked for a solution. but time and again, saddam hussein flatly rejected the path of diplomacy and peace. the world well knows how this conflict began and when. it began on august 2, when saddam invaded and sacked a small defenseless neighbor. and i am certain of how it will end, so that peace can prevail, we will prevail. [applause] >> watch both programs starting sunday at 8 p.m. eastern, 5 p.m. pacific, here >> every saturday, at 8:00 p.m. eastern, go inside a different college classroom and hear about topics ranging from the american revolution, civil rights, to 9/11. >> thank you for your patience and for logging into class. >> with most college campuses closed, watch professors transfer teaching to a virtual setting to engage with their students. >> gorbachev did most of the work to change the soviet union, but reagan met him halfway. reagan encoura

resolve a refugee problem mister international corporation again this is a 1943, and setting up the united nations rehabilitation administration and he gets the nations of the world to join. the understanding is it will be an agency that repatriate that takes care of the media needs of the refugees and then provides passage and provides passage home for them. for the last million does that happen. even though the soviets demand that they be sent home, or made to survive on their own in germany, the americans and the british continue to support these people camps. for a year or year and a half until it becomes clear that they're not going home. the americans and the british spearhead the establishment of a new organization, the new organization without the soviets. the soviets won't join in. and each task is not too repatriate but to resettle the last million. and in late 1946, 1947, there is this extraordinary and bizarre meat market set up as one of the is one of the employees calls it in the displaced persons camp. and all the members of the international representative ug organization the ir ze

the united nations, he gets the nations of the world to join.erstanding is that it will be an agency that takes care of the immediate need for refugees and provides passage for them. the last million, that doesn't happen. they demanded they be sent home or made to survive on their own in germany. the americans and british continue to support these people in camps for a year, year end a half until it's clear they're not going home. the americans and british, the establishment of the new organization, they without them. each task is to resettle the last million and it was late 1947, extraordinary bazaar meat market set up. it's a displaced persons camp and all members of the international refugee organization, dozens of latin american nations, canada, australia, they recruited into the camp to find workers to take jobs that will they can't find anybody else to take. it begins with the british, it is the labor shortage and they can't get anybody to work there. what do they do? they going to the camps and recruit women in the beginning and then deci

rationed for the united nations relief and works agency matthias sure. well apparently while everyone's been talking about the inauguration of joe biden there's been aerial bombardment of gaza by israel armed by the united kingdom the european union the united states and tanks have invaded in some going to land invasion in gaza. so yes indeed we had a couple of nights ago. but that particular incident was triggered by rockets fired from here towards israel and then there was bombardment heavy bombing by the heavy bombardment in retaliation for those strikes and that i have to say happens regularly over the last couple of weeks i think there have been 3 such nights now for me to be perfectly honest you know no one go there was even injured in the area stopped the more serious incident was the tanks coming into gaza a few days ago that's in the border area and the reason that's more serious is number one the israelis always claim that gaza runs itself they are not on the ground and as in the west bank you know it is a sovereign territory where you don't jus

and the ambassador to the united nations adlai stevenson and his daughter-in-law are the among those the cabinet is sworn in by chief justice warren in the presence of the mr. kennedy. these men will assist the president in fulfilling the responsibilities of the executive branch of the government. the administration of president john fitzgerald kennedy begins. ♪♪ >>> weeknights this month we're featuring american history tv programs as a preview of what's available every weekend on c-span3. tonight, former white house social secretary's lee berman and jeremy bernard talk about their book "treating people well." they share stories from the white house and their thoughts on professional and public civility. watch tonight beginning at 8:00 p.m. eastern and enjoy american history tv every weekend on c-span3. >>> the inaugural story 1969 is a 45-minute film by the joint congressional inaugural committee, the senate recording studio, and the naval photographic center. this film details the time-honored events of a presidential inauguration day. it focuses on the january 20th, 1969, richard

now the united nations is urging the united states to reverse its decision to designate yemen's who the rebels a terrorist group cited concerns of a large scale famine the designation is due to come into effect on january the 19th that your state says the aim is to hold 23 rebels accountable for what the u.s. says are terrorist acts the u.n. fears that designation will prevent a from getting to those who need it the most. the major project priority in yemen right now mr president is to prevent a mash i mean it data shows that 60000000 people are angry this year already about 50000 are essentially starving to death in much essentially a small. amount of 5000000 in just one step behind. every decision the world makes right now must take this into account. in the united states and i don't think married. to terrorists. foreign terrorist organization or. a mom say they say so unanimously approaches that they believe it will excel or it's yemen's. interior. let's course not because it's a woman who's at the u.n. and christian serious concerns at the u.n. about this designation absolutely we j

today the united nations headquarters stands in new york a daily reminder of the need for nations to r for peace. to help secure that peace, the united states joined the 15 nation north atlantic treaty organization or the american people, membership in nato was never an issue. voters of both major political parties strongly supported the alliance. in 1952 they elected president a man who had played a vital role in europe, dwight d. eisenhower. as supreme commander he led armies in the liberation of europe. there for the second time in a generation american boys had joined in the cause of freedom. ♪ they went home, their country sought to help them resume a peaceful life. schools opened their doors to millions of veterans. ever since it began, the united states has seen a constant growth of education. a high school diploma is now almost taken for granted. every year 2.5 million students enroll in the universities and professional schools. many of the young men who had fought in north africa and normandy went back to the farms. they went back to working the earth in the quiet rhythm of

united states. america's 166 million people place their interest rate in many nations. e diversity of their talents have enriched the country. through them, an area almost the size of europe was united within one border and made to prosper. a fast express train takes three days to cross the united states from ocean to ocean, past farmlands spread out as far as the eye can see. past cities and industrial centers. in the west, the open prairie and the foothills of the rocky mountains. cowboys round up their cattle. dams harness the great rivers. churches mark the pioneers faith. the vastness of their country inspired the american people to do many things boldly. they had a large land to settle. they pioneered from new york to san francisco, from the atlantic to the pacific. the united states grew behind vast oceans to east and west with friendly neighbors to north and south. on the canadian border, the only canon are historic relics. both countries have a feeling of security in the north american continent. today, the united nations headquarters stands in new york, a daily

who these are critical to any political resolution and it would complicate the efforts of the united nations is there not emotionally find it extremely difficult right now to talk to and what these this is needed by the united states as a terrorist organization of course the u.n. can always say that the terrorist organization by they are not ignited by the you and so we can talk to them but nevertheless that's what complicates things for the . everybody is holding right now that the by the administration might actually just just. i mean it might not actually the decision last for a long time yet that's an important point to make them on because i'm going to ask you you know what this means that joe biden and the new administration in washington do they have the option of supporting it or vacating it so i mean today started out because perhaps why the humanitarian concerns. absolutely i think the idea will be focusing on yemen actually as he comes into office and i believe most probably they are going to be able to see him because you know what it would take on the peace accords and the outlo

[cheers and applause] later, vice president nixon chooses as his running mate united nations envoy henryodge. the 58-year-old mr. lodge is shown with his wife, chicago bound to accept the party mandate. ambassador lodge is asked by a news man, >> how do you feel about the chances of a nixon lodge ticket? >> i am very optimistic. i think it will be an exciting campaign. i think it will be exciting, interesting. but i am optimistic of the outcome because i think people are taking the situation of the united states in the world today seriously. and they are right, and they ought to. i think they are worried about the world. just like a man who is going to, knows he is going to have an operation he wants to the best , doctors. and i think the voters will want to have in the white house the man who is the most experienced, who is the most intelligent, who is the most trained who is a , real pro, in other words. and i think that is going to convince a great many people to vote for richard nixon. ♪ >> in chicago, a post nomination appearance with pat nixon, his two daughters and his mother is m

okay, we are paying 70% of the unra expenses and we have no control over what unra is doing, the united nationsoing, so we want to start our own effort. in that sense, the marshal plan sort of came out of the united states bowing out of supporting unra, and unra went down very quickly after that. as the marshal plan came about in 1948, unra had already closed its doors. it also went to eastern europe just like hoover aid went to hungary and eastern europe, places like that. >> thank you. the next question is about dead ahead for you. >> dr. bischof, looking at the map of europe, it's easy to understand why a lot of those eastern european countries came under soviet domination because the red army was there. but czechoslovakia is in great measure is as far west as austria. >> yeah, prague is west of vienna, that's what they said after the war. >> exactly right. as you travel from vienna to prague you go west. so i was under the impression that patton's third army was prepared to enter czechoslovakia and could have occupied prague before the soviets got there and they were called back. in any eve

the united nations security council is being briefed on the situation in yemen he wants humanitarian chief in the u.s. to reverse his decision to designate yemen 2000 rebels a terrorist group citing concerns for not scale famine. polls have closed uganda's general election long queues formed before polling stations opened later than planned and they stayed busy president knew any missive any who's been in power for 35 years is seeking a 6th term in office but is facing a serious challenge from the opposition leader or the wind good days ago social media was switched off but yes that is. blacked out this is one of the many efforts that gentleman 70 is doing to make sure that we vote in the dock to make sure that uganda he skipped in the doubt but that while he's kept in the dark about uganda that's enough from catherine sawyer who's in uganda's capital of kampala with more on the concerns that the election result will be contested. president 70 has voted he voted just a short while ago in western uganda and as you can see appalled many polls across the country have cleared up people h

from other countries in the region and possibly even from some european countries as well the united nations envoy to the central african republic has appealed to the security council to increase its peacekeeping operations there to u.n. peacekeepers were killed on monday during an attack christine salumi has the latest from the u.n. in new york. the head of the united nations peacekeeping mission in the central african republic as well as the country's foreign minister pleaded with the security council for more resources to keep armed rebel opposition groups at bay they are concerned about ongoing violence in the country as of december the united nations had more than $11000.00 peacekeepers on the ground in the central african republic the security council ahead of elections in december did grant them some $300.00 additional troops as well as a couple of helicopters from another mission to bolster their presence on the ground but the head of the mission monk or and-i says even more troops are needed going forward as well as equipment to make them more mobile they're worried about supply rou