the critical question for the united states as patricia saga's story just indicated what happens if foreign investors lose appetite for government debt in the long term? how much higher will the interest rise and what kind of effect will that have on the economy. robert, good to see you. i keep getting this question, would these countries, these pension funds, would these people who invest in the u.s. dollar, in u.s. treasuries, would they go somewhere else? could they actually go somewhere else? >> yeah, they do california. the reason why they invest in the u.s. dollar in treasury in the first place they're trying to offset or sterilize the trade surplus they have in the u.s. the u.s. imports from chain than they export. the u.s. imports a lot more products from japan than they export. so they are left with a trade surplus. they're left with an excess of dollars. if they sell those dollars in the open market it would put upward pressure on their own currency which would diminish their competitive advantage. so they don't. they have to recycle their currency, and they can buy treasury with