attorney general reno: we are working with the general services administration, the united states marshals service and the fbi to take sensible precautions. and the federal employees who have been involved have just been wonderful. attorney general reno: is it just a coincidence that it happened on the second anniversary of the waco siege? mcveigh we are pursuing all -- attorney general reno: we are pursuing all leads, we can't tell what happened or who is responsible. it would better -- be better not to comment. >> any claim of responsibility? attorney general reno: again, i don't think i should comment on evidence because to do so would hinder the investigation. >> was in a car bomb? mcveigh i asked attorney general reno: again, i can't comment on any evidentiary lead we are pursuing because it would possibly hinder the investigation. >> [inaudible] attorney general reno: i don't think we should deal with what ifs. those people who are responsible should be pursued and brought to justice. >> the government of israel has offered health becse it -- offered help because it has vast experien

now this means closing all 850 of its stores and furloughing its 95000 employees across the united states marshal data show that retail sales plunged 8.7 percent in march with clothing in excess of shopping 50 percent of all my food and beverages which dropped 25 percent and then you also have new york manufacturing numbers coming at an all time low 78.2 percent so now essentially you're getting a double whammy the 2 big pillars of the economy the consumer and the business all getting hit and all coming in worse than expected you know kristie we're going to get to some of some of that bank information in just a minute but i want to talk about oil is actually kind of had a dismal day here what's going on in the oil sector. well done 80 i crashed below $20.00 overnight before struggling back up a bit as huge inventory builds were reported and i commented that this is a historic production cut it won't really be enough to counter this record demand slump this year demand they're saying could fall by $29000000.00 barrels per day in april driving demand to its lowest level in 25 years now stockpiles a

in particular context under which john marshall became chief justice of the united states. the myth surrounding chief justice marshall is that john j. sent his infamous letter to president adams after he had already been nominated and confirmed within which he -- i left under a system so defective the court would not entertain the energy, weight, and dignity essential to affording it due support to the national government nor acquire public confidence and respect which as the last resort of justice of the nation it should possess. and he declined. this set in motion a complex sequence of events within which john marshall was not the inevitable nominee. president adams was determined to elevate a sitting member of the court. he hoped that cushing who would be his first choice would decline. he wanted to nominate patterson. he had his son working for four weeks in philadelphia to convince jared ingersoll to accept the seat that would be vacated if one of the sitting justices were elevated. so i have a habit of referring to john marshall as the accidental chief justice. that sa

where anticipating fletcher, john marshall held a state statute could in fact create a contract and be subject to contract laws interpretation -- clause interpretation. united states versus peters, john marshall again, a state law is unconstitutional. the first two about fletcher, been there, done that. they are simply not true. what is true is johnson wrote an opinion in which he said i wholeheartedly agree with the court, this measure is unconstitutional. the parameters of fletcher i won't go in to. they are vaguely familiar to most of us. it is in every common-law casebook. i am unaware of any book that extracts the whole opinion. johnson said i agree this measure is unconstitutional. the georgia legislature had done all sorts of hideous things. they passed a measure in 1807. the next year after the public found out, they repealed it. it was a controversy that consumed the nation. when it arrives and the court, it is a cause celebre. johnson issues the opinion where he says i agree, unconstitutional, not however, because it violates the contract clause. rather because it violates natural law, which he said binds even the deity. more on that in a bit. why

and he found it thanks to john marshall and the supreme court of the united states. in 1823, a decision, the second mash marshall court decision dealing with native land rights. the first to deal comprehensive i will with native land rice. the case johnson versus mcintosh arose from a late colonial era land speculation that was, frankly, illegal under british law, but involved the acquisition of millions of acres of land in what would become indiana and illinois from the illinois and indiana indian nations. the land speculators would push for recognition of title for 50 years. the purchases were in 1773 and '75. eventually they'd get before the supreme court. what the supreme court did in that case was to hold the purchases invalid on the grounds that the tribes didn't own their own land. and this is the point at which 1823, the federal government does adopt a rule about indian occupancy rights being the limit of tribal land rights. it's a construct of this case. and what the court finds is that when europeans discovered the new world they found it in the possession o

they request relief from the supreme court of the united states, and john marshall says this is the proper case with proper parties. so, worcester versus georgia decided in the 1832 term, becomes the case where we finally get a resolution of georgia's claim to extraterritorial legislative jurisdiction. how does it work out? well, this is a fascinating opinion. part of it, the part that's probably best remembered, is the part in which marshall says, the u.s. has a treaty with the cherokee nation in which it's contemplated that they are a separate state, capable of entering into treaty relations with the u.s. given that, georgia can't assert it has legislative authority over them. we have a conflict between what the federal government thinks in a treaty and what a state government wants to do, and under the supremacy clause of the u.s. constitution, if there's a conflict between the federal government and the state, the federal government wins. so, that might have decided it, but marshall had one more thing to do, and that was to fix the problem he had created in johnson versus mcintosh. so,

in particular context under which john marshall became chief justice of the united states. the myth surrounding chief

united states. that is what john marshall was talking about in his decision. the relationship between the government of the united states and the indian nations and cherokee nation. and so that, i think, is still important. as offensive as it is to think about our chief appointed, this continual relationship with the government of the united states is absolutely critical, critical to the cherokee nation and that's why throughout history it's ebb and flowed and without it i wouldn't be here as chief today. what are we doing today? that is a picture of the $200 million health center, the largest health center in the united states for native americans. but that was just opened last year. so how did we really get here? from appointed chiefs during the 20th century to now looking at an elected chief. and i have a -- the pleasure of working with the council that is an elected council and we have a functioning judiciary and supreme court and district courts. how did we get there? in the 1960s there is more of a push for rights for a lost folks in this country that oug

united states. that is what john marshall was talking about in his decision. the relationship between the government of the united states and the indian nation, and cherokee nation. that come i think, is still important, as offensive as it is, to think about our great democracy dismantled and our chief appointed, this continual relationship with the chiefs and the government of the united states is absolutely critical to the cherokee nation, and that is why, throughout history, it has been flowed, but we kept it, and if we had not kept it, i would not be here as chief today. so what are we doing today? well, that is a picture of our $200 million health center, the largest health center in the united states for native americans, but that was just opened last year, so how would had we've really gotten here, from appointed chief to elected chiefs in the 20 century, and i have the pleasure of working with an elected council, a judiciary, supreme court and judicial courts, how did we get here? in the 1960's, there is more of a push for a lot of folks in this country

we're going to see, for example, you know, the finest research institutions in the united states, you know, marshallingfforts now in this digital transformation to -- that we put together in partnership with microsoft and they will be using advanced a.i. techniques for a.i. precision medicine to be able to predict the growth of the disease to be able to prevent the spread of the disease. we'll see genome specific medical protocols. a.i. plays a big role. but for -- in a period of less than three weeks, we're able to aggregate basically the world's largest data, research data, epidemiological daughte epidemiological data with a knowledge graph we can make available to the world at no cost, but for a.i. that would be impossible. >> tom, finally, i wonder, going big picture again, you started off talking about the impact of this i want to go back there. how do you expect this crisis to shift the demand for new technology what does get funded i mean, you're a billionaire and you have money to invest what are the sorts of problems after this that you're going to be putting your money toward >> well, we're v

why the president of the united states could marshal all of the people, all of the equipment to do whatessential. i am glad that he has the intelligence to have found she at his side. -- dr. fauci at his side. he understands this inside and out. we have to put politics aside. and pass anything that goes through the senate. no one can get back to washington. host: representative nita lowey of new york. thank you for joining us this morning. guest: you are welcome. it is my pleasure. good luck and stay healthy. thank you. host: thank you. more ahead on washington journal. julie will join us to talk about how u.s. health insurance companies are responding to the coronavirus. also, shai akabas will talk about washington's economic response to address the job losses and more. that is amid the coronavirus pandemic. >> television has changed since c-span began 41 years ago. our mission continues to find an unfiltered view of government. the president shall impeachment process and the response of the coronavirus. you can watch all of c-span's public affairs programming on television, online or

they still marshaled public opinion, they filed suits in the united states supreme court to prevent it. and, you know, kept fighting throughout the 1830's. some indian nations did go ahead with removal. it's important to remember conditions -- indians were under attack. a lot of indians understood where this was all going. the cherokee's fault to the very end, and it's become understood in american nation. one of the things we wanted to accomplish in this exhibition was to show that this is a large national, even global event. it's not really about the cherokee, it is more about the five civilized tribes that transformed national borders, transformed to national economies. it was also a massive project for the united states to carry out. president jackson had to personally sign every plan for the united states. he spent one miserable december signing thousands of them by hand. they passed a law that said some details could sign the deeds. it gives you an idea of how small the federal government was. in this section, which we call the machinery of removal, we focused on how a project it

united states. in 1810 its first such act ever, the union -- the supreme court will invalidate a statute as unconstitutional. john marshall. his grounds are the contracts clause in the constitution that says no state may pass a law impairing the obligation of contract. this is a contract by the state. the succeeding legislature is unconstitutional. so, it is invalid and the new england mississippi land company gets the land. they won't ever actually get the land. it will go to congress. part of the problem with the lawsuit -- it is a fascinating story. part of the problem with the lawsuit was, it wasn't clear that georgia ever had the power to sell the land in the first place. because tribes lived there. it was their land. so, how was it that georgia could do this? to give a slightly different take on something, kevin mentioned that it was commonly understood that tribes, the real property interest that tribes had was an occupancy right. it is true that some people thought that. but it was really unclear that many people thought that. a lot of people, including jefferson thought, why would that be? tribes own their land a

came out of the second world war, look at the multilateral the united nations, the marshall plan for europe, all these evidence that statese world could only recover if everyone recovered. all for one and one for all. people are asking now, what will come out of this? will there be a big reset or will people continue to look inwards? will the walls go up? the people be ina race will the walls go up? the people be in a race to the bottom in competing for protective equipment? some of the signs are not good, but there is also light at this moment with people calling for global ceasefires, global efforts. but let us see. ceasefires, global efforts. but let us see. the virus is a test of our humanity, and so will our recovery test of humanity. we have only had the beginning. lets leave that big question there and leave the audience to ponder that for the next week. we will probably go back to it. i do not want to leave the programme before getting a sense, which we now do every week, about what stories you think we are neglecting as a result of our preoccupation with the pandemic. jef, you go first. or the senate intelligence

marshall era. thank you. [applause] in the 1830's under andrew jackson, cherokees were forcibly removed from their lands in the southeastern united states in what became known as the trail of tears. >> next, oklahoma university law professor lindsay robertson examines chief justice john roberts -- john marshall. >> good morning. i am elizabeth constantly and it is my pleasure to serve as the ceo of preservation virginia and to introduce our next speaker. lindsay robertson is the

that has a government to government relationship with the united states, is owed in such a large measure through the choice that john marshall made. it could have gone down a different path. he could have gone down the path of the dissenters, and those that said manifest destiny and european discovery, that ought to override everything, in the indian people were not worthy of recognition. but he didn't do that. there is a lot of reasons he didn't do it. but i'm glad he didn't. because i'm glad i'm here. i'm glad i was invited. it has been such a pleasure. thank you all very much. [applause] any questions? >> this is not an earth shattering issue, but what is the current thinking among the cherokees and other tribes concerning the issue of indian -- the use of indian heritage and history in our sports teams? chief hoskin: i think it is an -- it is inappropriate and shouldn't happen. i think depictions of native americans as mascots are abhorrent, i think we ought to be on a path where we are not doing it. this country will not fall apart if the washington redskins are no longer called the washington redskins, but we will be a

i'm a staff writer at the marshall project and we are a nonprofit newsroom based in new york city at covers the criminal justice system in the united states and at length. i mean it does not matter and. yes hi my name is of non-con co-founder and executive director of the store justice we are a justice advocacy organization at the end that there was a tweet that i was watching on your twitter feed really jumped out at me because i was thinking as we're talking about this subject co-wrote a virus and prisons this is what i was thinking this is at once tweet here when i tell people that gatherings of hundreds and hundreds of people are still happening right now literally all across the u.s. people get outraged but as soon as i tell them these gatherings are happening inside of a prisons and jails or of a sudden it becomes ok i just want to address they straight off that the people watching you think it's got nothing to do with me. what would you say to those people well 1st of all i think we have to understand how what happens inside our prison system affects us out here and if i could give a quick number a very small number which is actual

united states. he was pretty well-known. he was somebody who could marshall allies in the country and both politicians, members of congress, but also civic groups. and there were legislators who were very, very opposed to what this act was talking about which was a removal of american indians. so we knew that most americans today, if they knew the term trail of tears, they understand it as a moment of national shame for the united states. very few people that say that was our finest hour. that is just great. let's do it again. so we know people understand that it is something that the country regrets. but what we were very interested in doing is trying to explain how there was a real national debate about this. the people at the time including people in congress predicted this would not go well and the country would regret it. and we wanted to show that it was a national conversation that happened. so in this section we show a range of points of view. we actually start with president jefferson who is a leader who understood that there was a contradiction in h

and terrorists we're at war with drug ta cartels as well, this united states military, you will not penetrate this country, we will marshallr assets are required to prevent your entry into this country to kill americans that's correc. -- they are set sail already, they are in caribbean right now. there is 10 coast guard cutters special operation forces, and brigades with air force, and reconnaissance aircraft, you will not get through. now is not time to penetrate us united states with illegal drugs try to kill americans, thank you. >> thank you, mr. president. thank you for your decisive leadership as we conference this unprecedented challenge posed by coronavirus. i would like to thank you for your support for this important initiative, and thank all of the secretary of defense, and services for taking on this important initiative. during this crisis, we're all focused above all e else on covid-19, but at same time our law enforcement and national security work must about forward protects american people from the full away of threats. -- array of threats, department of justice one of our highest priorities must remain to

united states. there are reports of as many as 30 others who were injured and another deadly tornado hit marshall county, oklahoma. two people are dead and a third is in critical condition the area also saw heavy rain and hail here you can see a rainbow forming during a hailstorm with a possible tornado developing there in the distance. >> janessa webb is following it all. >> we had reports of 26 tornados across tornado alley and we're seeing some of these super cells that are traveling at least 300 miles so our current radar we still have tornado warnings and watches still in place throughout your early morning hours for louisiana to mississippi. right now in baton rouge, new orleans area you need to take heed to these warnsings that are in place because we have some strong sorm storms making their way across the area. along with the tornado threat you have the enhanced moisture coming in from the gulf reducing accumulation to 1 to 3 inches per hour it will shift east with the severe weather threat enhae kic san antonio to houston today we're seeing highs, they're back in the lower 90s so i wish i coul

and the communities were all over the united states many in the midwest, many in the west and the northeast. there is a great story of thurgood marshall who was standing on a train platform waiting for a train to shreveport and a man came up to him and said this is before thurgood marshall was the supreme court justice. and he said niggerboy what are you doing? >> waiting for the train. >> niggerboy be out of this town by sunset because none has ever spent the night in this town. some african-americans face all kinds of intimidation and real dangers when they travel. this is a fair in colorado i have to wonder why they're wearing those outfits. they often depended on travel guides which was produced in new york city so how many of you have heard this? many of you. how many of you heard of all the other dozens of travel guides that existed cracks there were many different travel guides for a variety of audiences. if you are part of a church group or a fraternity or sorority they had special housing for you. and there were travel guides as well but to be long-lasting and the reason is because of their relationship with standard oil. whi

the future of funds what they're referring to sometimes is a marshall fund you know harking back to the post-war era where the united states pumped money into europe roughly the united states not going to do that now europe has to find that money itself and there again we look at potentially opening up some of the fissures within europe that we saw during the financial crisis 10 years ago where you have countries like italy on their knees with too much debt in countries like germany in them and other countries in northern europe not too keen on being seen as bailing them out this is going to be the next test can they find a way of putting money together without reawakening those old tensions were fondling you wants to use the european budget a 7 year budget that they've been trying to work on in recent months but even without the coronavirus crisis they couldn't come up with an agreement on that so a big test coming up for the european union richard walker with a view from brussels where so much is at stake for the e.u. have this hour thank you. well amid the stay at home waters around the world some people are getting cre

trillion in a program along the lines of what the united states did after world war ii to save those small businesses. so you say that small business needs a marshalln. what do you mean by that? >> well, right now there are 30 million small businesses in america, employing almost 60 million people. they are facing a desperate, catastrophic situation. ppp one and ppp two is well-intended, but it is a short-term band-aid on a much more severe problem. >> reporter: that's the government's paycheck protection program or ppp, supplying loans to help small businesses. you say there needs to be a third round, specifically for businesses like independent restaurants that would be a trillion dollars? >> the money is going to run out in seven to eight weeks after the small businesses or restaurants who got ppp and most of them did not, pay the people for the next seven, eight weeks. the real problem is the inability of small businesses and/or independent restaurants to manage and navigate through a post covid opening, and what's going to happen, and this is the big, big issue, that i estimate, and this could be conservative, that at least 30% of america's sm

they're the ones that can marshal the resources and the united t of the united states states. what about congress? what sort of role did they play in all of this? and looking back, could lawmakers have sounded the alarm earlier? you guys were getting intelligence reviews and briefings about what was happening in china, the news reports were out. could we all have sounded a louder alarm? >> well, i think some members of congress conducted hearings. my committee, committee conducted several hearings. we heard from the experts. and they all said, you know, first of all, you have to tell the truth. secondly, you have to let the public know exactly what the possibilities are, as we go forward in addressing this coronavirus problem. we didn't hear that. so for eight weeks, we conducted hearings, we looked at things, we talked about it. did press releases. but the administration, for the most part was somewhere between denying that this was a series endeavor or it might be just a flu or it might just go away. unfortunately, it has not gone away, and here we are in the midst of the gr

migration, that philosophy, notwithstanding what john marshall might say, that the whole country, most of the continent belongs to the united states and its white settlers, so that pressure started to come to bear on the cherokee mail nation. if you go now, you will see a capital building, it became our supreme court building, and you will see our old supreme court building, and you will see a prison. those buildings and others were built after the civil war, so we start to rebuild again, even after this treaty, even after the destruction of the civil war, we start to invest again and what it means to have a great society, so we reinvest in education. the seminaries burn. we rebuild them. we start to develop commerce again to we start to, you know, improve infrastructure around the cherokee nation, so that we are more connected. we try to keep a foothold in an area that the united states had said would always be ours. they said it would always be ours. but all of that pressure came to a tipping point. now, there was a quote up there, i think during jack baker's presentation, when they were talking about the point of a bayonet, che

these communities were all over the united states, many in the midwest, many in the west and even a few in the northeast. there is a great story that thurgood marshall told, he was standing on a train car waiting for a train to shreveport and a man came up to him and said this was before thurgood marshall, the man says to him what are you doing in this town and he says i am waiting for the train to shreveport and the man says you better be out of this town before sundown because the sun never set with a bigger in this town. there was a story thurgood marshall tells in his autobiography. some african-americans face all kinds of intimidation, dangerous when they travel and this was in colorado. i have to wonder why they were wearing these outfits. >> it often depended on travel guides in new york city. many of you heard of the negro motorist screen book, and there were many travel guides for a variety of audiences. if you were part of a church group or fraternity or sorority there were guides for special housing, many different guides in the black of -- back of newspapers and magazines, the green book is the most long-lasting of the travel guides, it

they are under marshall law under the public health emergency acts. we have public health emergency in the united states. it is not the same thing. there is a fear, not a fear, but reality that covid-19 will be with us in the fall. the fear is that will now coincide with our first pretty bad influenza season based on the last few seasons. the u.s. saw 34,000 deaths from influenza alone last season. you combine that with the jou outbreak of covid-19 where we don't have many treatments available. none by this point. we don't have treatments available for it. you combine those two, that will combine for a larger death toll and strain on the health system. ali, we have time between now and the fall second wave to build up the supply of ppe and ventilators and ramp up diagnostic testing across the nation. my background is in diagnostics. outbreaks begin and end with diagnostics. it tells us who has it and who has had it and allows us to get back to work safely and open society safely. >> that is the denominator. you cannot determine -- in business and economics -- if you don't know the pool, you can't make d

united states. many many, in the midwest and many in the west, and even if you, in connecticut in the northeast. there's a great story that's marshall told. he was standing on a train car, a platform waiting for training a man came up to him and said this was before marshall was the supreme court justice. in the says new boy, what are you doing in this town. and he said i am waiting for the train and the mayor says, when a boy, you better be out of this town before sundown. because the sun has never sent for an maker in this town. then is the story that the marshal tells in his autobiography. some african-americans face all kinds of intimidation and even real dangerous when they travel. and this is fair in colorado. i often wonder why they were wearing these outfits. [laughter]. so african-americans also depended on travel guides. like the negro motorists which was produced in new york city. now how many of you have heard of the negro motorists when books. many of you. now many of you have heard of the other dozens travel sites that existed. there were many different travel guides for a variety of audiences if you are part of a chur

united states, many, many in the midwest. many in the west and even a few in connecticut in the northeast. there's a great story that a marshal told. he was standing on a train car or train platform waiting for a train to shreveport. a man came up to him and said, this was before he was the supreme justice it was ernie's a lawyer for the naacp. the man said jim, nager boy, what are you doing in this town? he said i'm waiting for the train to shreveport. the man said will or boy you better be out of this town before sundown. the sun has never set with the nager in this town. that's a story that he says in his autobiography. some african-americans face all kinds of intimidation and even real dangerous when they travel. this is a fair in colorado. i have to wonder why were they were in these outfits on the ferris will? so african-americans also depended on travel guides. like the negro motorist book that was produced in york city. how many of you have heard of the negro motorist book? how many of you. how many of heard of all the other travel guides that existed? there were many different travel guides for a variety of audiences

communities were all over the united states, many, many in the midwest, many in the west and even a few in connecticut in the northeast. there is a great story that thurgood marshall told, he was standing on a train car -- a train platform waiting for a train and a man came up to him and said, this is before thurgood marshall was a supreme court justice when he was a lawyer for the naacp and the man said nager boy what are you doing in this town. he says i am waiting for the train and the man says you better be out of this town before sundown because the sun has never set with a nager in this town and that's a story that he tells in his autobiography. some african-americans face all kinds of intimidation and even real dangers when they travel. and this is a fair and colorado. i have to wonder why they were wearing these outfits on the first will. so african-americans often depended on travel guides like the negro motorist green book which was produced in new york city. how many of you heard of the negro motorist green book, how many have you have heard of all the other dozen travel guide that existed, there were many different travel guides for a variety of audien

or in leaving the united states did not provide the full disclosure and not oh you know the washington post is writing china has pulled a lot of dollars on january 23rd and it marshaled resourceless as all land of the dead and regime can well they're huge problem is that the so-called democratic regime. yes it conspired simply did not have a lot of course but the will of course but the bats you know the didn't prepare for for anything that they didn't prepare for a war they didn't prepare for an epidemic they just hadn't we knew more of that so that they called to extract maximum of line from the patients and the system ground both as it could be extatic than that but i can see you bring that even though. it's a really good point because i mean you kind of joke tales but you're your usual mantra which i always welcome on this program about ideology and you're absolutely right but you know what no one's going to deny on this program and our viewers are going to agree china is a very ideological glace but so is the west ok in just in a different way here ok alex and we i mean again the same question to you i mean you know there's this talk of decoupling after 40 years

united states military. he will not penetrate this country. you will not get past jump street. you're not going to come in here and kill additional americans. and we will marshalre required to prevent your entry into this country to kill americans. so the navy has marshaled additional ships, and for the naval fleet at north fold. and they have set sail already and are in the caribbean right now. there is ten coast guard coverage and special operation forces and security forces needed along with air force reconnaissance aircraft spread to the bottom line is you are not going to get through. tonight is not the time to try to penetrate the united states with illegal drugs. we will defend our country regardless of the cost. thank you, mr. president. thank you, secretary. >> thank you, mr. president. thank you for your decisive leadership as we confront the challenge posed by coronavirus. and i would like to thank you for your support for this in initiative. and thank all of the secretary of defense and all the services for taking on this important initiative. obviously during this crisis, we are all focused above all else on covid-19. but at the same time our law