the united states has always had the will the problem that we have seen and the u.s. saudi relationship over the past eighteen to twenty months unless president trump makes a deliberate statement. statements by his subordinates namely to move cabinet secretaries of defense and state have been ignored altogether and we have also seen that on the bureaucratic level the u.s. government has repeatedly call or and of hostility and resumption of peace talks. what what is different now is that the culmination of events whether it's a can show a fair whether it is the broader instability in the middle east and now the washington post playing a central role and demanding justice for jamal khashoggi and tying it to broader u.s. saudi cooperation in the region is drawing tremendous scrutiny domestically here in the united states and it is leaving get ministration with little choice but to all up the pressure on riyadh and even though and i will add that the relationship between the united states and saudi arabia strategic including on on yemen so this is an extraordinary difficu

in the united states have been in the united states since 2009. the population of mexicans who has come since then is only 11% compared to 21% for the other groups. you can see that right there. another key piece that i am sure we have received more attention in the media is the idea of how many mexican immigrants are undocumented or unauthorized in the united states. this is important to note that the ambassador was noting in 2007, 6.9 million mexicans was here legally, and this is now a different of 5.9 million in 2016. that is 6.9 million in 2007 compared to 5.9 million in 2016. the makeup it's important to know because not all in fact, the majority of mexican immigrants in the united states are legally present, and 23% of them are naturalized, and 32% are lawfully permanent residence in the united states or have another legal background. this is the idea that not all making immigrants are unlawfully here, and only 45% are here in that status. another thing that may not be surprising, but to note, is that most mexicans who obtain green cards do

it's someone who is already in the united states let's say a student is studying in the united states. suddenly something changes and they are scared of going back. they apply with the immigration agency. i can't go home and i'm scared for my life and they awe ply before the judge. another type of defensive alie sum is someone who is at a port of entry or a border. they are trying to come into the united states to clinton campaign asylum. >> so for those at the border of tijuana and want to apply for asylum, what's the process at this point? >> once they get into the united states, the issue with tijuana is that a lot of them aren't being permitted to come in. at least not immediately to apply. but once they are ermt. ed to come into the port of entry and say they have a fear of returning home, they will be given a preliminary asylum interview. most people get through that interview. it's just meant to weed out frivolous claims. at that point, their case is handed over to our immigration court system where they apply defensively before the judge to apply for asylum. >> the process fro

coming to the united states.ust foreign-policy, though. that helped determine who might come to the night states. domestic policies -- domestic politics shaped who the united states considered worthy of admission. i would use two separate examples. in the 1950's, the red scare, the great anti-communist purge of the 1950's, helped shape how americans considered who might be a worthy refugee for admission. in fact -- fast forward 20 years after that, the civil rights revolution of the 1960's shapes who the united states considers to be a worthy refugee. of admission. both of those domestic political moments, in view, refugee policies have helped shape who into the nighted states. the last point i would make, as you think about this commitment to refugees in a way which is fragile, is that the implementation of refugee admissions programs mattered greatly to the final outcome. put another way, it does not matter as much what congress passes. it matters how it gets implement it in the field. it matters greatly who ad

for the first time, because of cuba's proximity to the united states, the united states was a country of first refuge, meaning refugees didn't go to another country and then apply for resettlement in the united states. they went straight to the united states. especially to places like miami. the policy for cuban refugees at this time was such that these refugees would be given asylum as part of a bigger anti-castro, anti-communist policy. a number of requirements were imposed on these early refugee populations. these requirements illustrated how the united states pursued its own cold war self-interest. first, as i've already mentioned, the u.s. offered a special welcome for people fleeing communism. second, preference was given for refugees who were professionals or highly educated or skilled. this was in keeping with other immigration laws of the period. ultimately, while welcoming displaced people has been seen as a humanitarian act, these humanitarian efforts were often centered on the needs of the united states, the helper. these images feature refugees who arrived in the united s

with legalizing units, you can't take a legal unit out. it is not advisable for d.b.i. and a preapplication meeting to be determined. even i spoke to mr mott today and he realizes that. if we did that in a pre application, what does it do the planning department and where does it go to? it is not the proper form in my opinion. ab 28, i could take you ten pre application letter sent d.b.i. as a guarantee none of them talk about how many dwelling unit should i have in my building? is a c.f.c.s valid? is it not valid? it is not what a preapplication meeting is for. if you want to read ab 28 like that, that is the one we have for the guidelines. it is mainly used -- i'm sure he has many years of experience, it is usually regarding a project that you are coming in your edition -- addition, high-rise, because it cuts off a lot of stuff during the project. there is not really a project here. it is not a preapplication for a project. i just don't think it is there. but that is part of what i have to do in this case. because this was used. it is pr

s as a secondary unit. this is not a secondary unit, it is a tertiary unit, a third unit. it does not comply with the zoning homes on this block. the purpose of the a.d.u. ordinance is to create additional affordable housing. that is not the case here. the developer brought this property -- this property right here -- can i have the overhead again, please. this property for approximately 2.5 million. in the response to the d.r. request he noted it is already worth 2.7 million, and by adding an additional unit into this apartment building, he will increase its value to $3 million. let there be no mistake, that is the purpose. he is not creating affordable housing, he will be charging $3,500 for a studio apartment in the garage looking out at the back yard. we don't know whether or not this -- [please stand by] . >> president hillis: you'll have a two minute rebuttal to finish those thoughts and add more. is there public comment in support of the d.r.? >> good evening. my name is amy rosewell godly. i live next door to the unit, and to build on what kelly was saying, there w

it is not always easy and i think here in the united states united -- the debate will not be pretty. there are two sides to that debate. i cannot say much more about how it will look in the future, but i do believe that is the right way to go and especially in this time of context and circumstances where it is really important to remain steadfast with respect to able space system -- with respect to a rules-based system. with respect to china, i would 2000,think in the year everybody decided to bring china into the world trade organization. i think that was the right step, but i think there is also growing opinions that china must play better by the rules than it does, the wto imply. there is concern about intellectual property. there is concerned about other trade practices and those things need to be discussed openly. mexico itself, we have a trade relationship with china for about $70 billion. around $65nd import billion for it there is an opportunity and we are open to trade. i think there was recently a press release by mexico's foreign minister. we are open and value the relatio

into her day in the other area the united states the united nation actually want to help be a many before talking about cease fire they have at least to lift the blockade or to let food and medicine and fuel come into yemen because this is what the yemeni want is not about what the how do you want what do you want others what yemeni gently now we need they need medical help food supplies and this is blocked by the saudi led coalition. port is a war crime so this is the first thing to being on the united states must actually . say the name that that's all we did in a statement because i mean the united nations and us in yemen is a conflict in many conflict or a civil war in yemen is not like that if you don't mention the saudi role in yemen this mean that you are giving them a green a green light to do it if they want in our country ok silver there obviously members of the u.s. congress from both parties who have been critical of saudi for years and even more so now because of what has happened to the market to those members of congress have leverage to get the trump administration to do s

any other area of the united states the united nation actually want to help be a many before talking about cease fire they have at least to lift the blockade or to let food and medicine and fuel come into yemen because this is what the yemeni want is not about what the how do you want what do you want others what yemeni gently now we need they need medical help food supplies this is blocked by the saudi led coalition close an import it is a war crime so this is the first thing to being on the united states must actually . say the name that that's all we did in his statement because i mean the united nations and us in yemen is a conflict in many conflict or a civil war in yemen is not like that if you don't mention the saudi role in yemen this mean that you are giving them a green a green light to do what they want in our country ok sir there are obviously members of the u.s. congress from both parties who have been critical of saudi for years and even more so now because of what has happened to the market to those members of congress have leverage to get the trump administration to d

we have 68% of the units two and three bedroom units. we are promoting bicycle transportation with 75 spaces. we are providing 26 car parking and car share option. we will support local nonprofits and comment the retail experience on divisadero with emphasis on exciting new local small businesses. we have experience working with the most talented and successful restaurants in san francisco. we have been instrumental in the fillmore retail corridor and diverse businesses such as bagels, indian market and the progress divisions to make fillmore a more vibrant san francisco neighborhood. we have obtained strong support from western merchants and residents and property owners. your project packetses contain letters of support from those not able to contain. ala more square neighborhood association. the market, the restaurant, tom bennett ice cream a tent for over 20 years. we want to be an exceptional community partner and neighbor. we recognize the independent as a music venue with a rich san francisco history. we view it as a significant a

states i remember how how the whole thing in libya started it was not the united states it was such a crazy and the french planes that boarded first. how did the yugoslav war began begin there was a large you can look more which said some people think that the united states started all of this no paris a lot of them asked you know they will or the united states to go together with them in india it was like that in course of the united states was providing air support the ground operation was conducted by european troops if you look at the history of european union since one thousand nine hundred two they didn't make peace with any of you know the united states at least improved relations with cuba somewhat now trump is destroying you with that the only quarreled with russia with yugoslavia with libya with syria with iran with anyone who objects so basically and the one that called which he is saying that europe needs to be kind of for a defensive play against the united states more than one hundred thirty i'm just you know i mean is this is this something is this some kind of gambit

states and even the united states he said that talking about the need to defend against now this talk is simply trying to put on warhawk credentials come on france can't even pay two percent of its g.d.p. according to nato strictures and he's talking up a european union army like the sun came here i think and what i want to talk about also the reports that mcchrystal did not want putin interim glenn jumping. also said this is not a new idea though it's actually here i'll share with you here the national interest last week wrote an article that article washington smothers independent european security issues the entire history of it since one thousand nine hundred one six months after the soviet union collapsed. in germany for the petersburg task force which was the purpose was to develop military capabilities for their opinion now they were able to strike a compromise with the united states in which they would have a clear division of labor usually nato would do the interventionist in the nations and the the e.u. would do the dishes and then to do the peacekeeping or the training so b

states -- hesitant to commit the united states. the united states was in fact not according to wilson's own selling of the conflict, an ally, but rather an associated power. and practice, this meant several things. first of all, the united states declared war on imperial germany seeing germany as the instigator of the aggression, particularly in the atlantic against civilian and merchant liners and to some extent, the aggressor in europe, not necessarily her ally. in fact the united states did not declare war in austria or hungary until another eight months. even then, it was difficult for the americans to figure out exactly how they would engage them in the battlefield. reminiscent of a story that i alluded to in one of the earlier lectures were by in the second world war, hungry was one of the satellites of [ null ] germany after the declaration by hitler of war on the united states in december 1941, the hungarian ambassador was forced to reveal to the americans that he now found his country in the state of what with the american

rental dwelling unit? >> i was using that space. the purport was that the -- purpose was that the elderly gentleman who had occupied that unit for 50 years without any unit renovations had passed away. and rather than keep another dwelling unit off the market, we chose to go in there while we tried to work out some logistics for remodelling that whole building and making it a better place for the people who currently occupy it w. was really not a habitable apartment in our opinion, not to the standard that mr. balzer likes to provide housing for, you know, for the residents of san francisco. >> commissioner honda: do you help your client with the permitting process here in san francisco. >> no, not directly. >> commissioner honda: were you aware that that -- by changing that to an office was in violation of our city and county laws? >> no, and we really didn't change it to an office, but i understand the distinction at the time, and then, we did everything we could to comply with the n.o.v. by installing a

states and china does not want to have armed conflict with the united states but if the united states really wants to impose these teens are. i think the chinese people will be fully mobilized behind the chinese government and the chinese military. meanwhile on friday the trumpet ministration announced that it is reimposing all sanctions against iran that were lifted as part of the twenty fifty nuclear deal the us president took to twitter to taunt the news in a post resembling the tagline from the hit t.v. series game of thrones the sanctions slated to come into effect on monday follow america's unilateral withdrawal in may from the iran nuclear agreement new sanctions come on top of those who already imposed by washington and focus on oil pain lies in states that refuse to hold crude imports from iran the u.s. secretary of state says meanwhile the main target is the iranian government. the sanctions hit a core areas of iran's economy it is aimed at depriving the regime of the revenues that it uses to spread death and destruction around the world while people on the streets of tehran

and the united states is said i don't think it's happened yet that it will no longer. a saudi plane bombing yemen is it was this all just p.r. it's just business as usual war and in yemen. i think it's mostly for signaling of course with this murder in the consulate a lot of the u.s. media discovered that there's a war in yemen and you know while we're not amazing we're going to be watching this program today but you've been watching this program you know it all the time but you're correct it's often portrayed as a solid war against him but it's very much for us us the war against him because the united states provides the weapons the training isn't just a refueling logistics just intelligence most importantly the targeting is what lead gives to target so this pretty much pulled the trigger and. then that's the end of it so i think. this this this idea that the united states come to more to the saudis is false but that's because the u.s. has a stake in the outcome of this war as well so i don't i think this is mostly a signal in congress the pushing for it probably the

doubt the united states, there was no chance. we always think about what happened after world war ii. the united states playing this critical role. the united states had that opportunity to play that role after 1918 and chose not to come and i think it falls heavily on the united states, the disaster that then unfolded over the next 20 years. you take a similar line in terms of the role of the u.s. after world war i, but you are critical of president wilson rather than the domestic political situation, and your argument is that the u.s. had from 1916 onpower and that the u.s. basically failed to take a constructive role in terms of working with britain and france to construct its order. similarly toings bob, and also if you have a totally different lesson from that time, please talk about that. i'm interested also in trying to tease out some of the differences there may be on where the blame lies in the 1920 talk for that abdication of u.s. leadership. >> thank you very much. it is a delight to be here. it is a delight to be on t

with the united states, there was a chance of achieving a stable peace in europe without the unit though she united states, there was no chance. we always think about what happened after world war ii, the united states playing a critical role, we had the opportunity to play the critical role after 1918 and chose not to. it falls heavily on the united states, the disaster that then unfolded over the next 20 years. >> adam, i think it's a similar line in terms of the role of the u.s. but you are very critical of wilson rather than the domestic political situation and as i understand, your argument is that the u.s. had immense power and looming potential from 1969. in the u.s. basically failed to take a constructive role in terms of working with britain to find constructive order. do you see things similarly to bob? or do you have a lesson from that.? i'm interested also in trying to touch on the differences of where the blame lies in the 20s for that abdication of u.s. leadership. >> thank you very much, it's a delight to be here. it's delight for -- delightful to be here on a platform wit

attorney his office in august 2017 that unit number five is used as an office space instead of a unit. that complaint case is opened. it was investigated for a good period of time and in august of this year, the planning department did issue and n.o.v. and required that it be updated. the permit for item seven b. was to essentially, even though the language is to renovate the kitchen and the partition walls, my understanding was to replace the kitchen and reintroduce a dwelling unit use into that space and formally remove any illegal office space that had been there. because of that, on september 25 th when this permit was issued, that enforcement case was closed. so i want you to be aware of that. because it has implications for what happens with this permits. making sure it is properly abated. >> you are saying there is n.o.v. issue because it was found there was an illegal office use being used at the location and this is to rectify this? >> i do not know what it says and i don't think it specifically references that purpose but effectively, that was part of the purpose. >> are you

the balance of the other units are the 94 other units were public housing replacement units for thosehere. two c.o.p. holders were successful. demographics of the 28 householdses are 43% are black, 7% asian and and 25% are latino. this is interesting. there are 61% of the households living there, 61% are returnees. it's one of our special project that has a special preference for households that were living there. they -- they moved before the new unit was developed. they have the first preference to relocate pack at alice griffith. who's really excite -- what's really exciting many households are taking advantage of that. 32% were rent burden and 7% the people now are c.o.p. holders. 12 of the households originated from district 10. i thought that was interesting too. total of 21 households were from san francisco originally. for transbay 7, it's different. primarily because they done have the alice griffith preference. maybe also because they're in transbay. this project is much larger, 120 units, 95 were lottery units. they were affordable at 40% and 50%. 24 units were subsidized w

into her day in the other area of the united states the united nation actually want to help be a money before talking about cease fire they have at least to lift the blockade or to let food and medicine and fuel come into yemen because this is what the many want is not about what the how do you want what do you want others what yemeni gently now we need they need medical help food supplies this is blocked by the saudi led coalition close and port to port is a war crime so this is the first thing to being on the united states must actually . say the name that that's all we did in the state in because i mean the united nation and us in yemen is a conflict yemeni conflict or a civil war in yemen is not like that if you don't mention the saudi role in yemen this mean that you are giving them a green a green light to do it if they want in our country ok sir there are obviously members of the u.s. congress from both parties who have been critical of saudi for years and even more so now because of what has happened to the market to those members of congress have leverage to get the trump admi

seven units and 55% a.m.i., three units and 80% a.m.i., two units and 110% a.m.i. at the meeting, residents raised several concerns and recommendation as follows. that one, that pillar capital higher residents from soma for jobs at the site such as maintenance and janitorial work. two, the priority be given to having community serving businesses occupy the commercial space in the building. some of the units have shower stalls that can accommodate the needs of persons with disabilities. that the developer collaborate with community residents on efforts to arts public safety and sanitation own sixth street and the alleyway many of we appreciate you met with us to explain your project and ensure us you are allocating 25% of your units as below market rat rates. >> thank you, very much. next speaker, please. >> good evening, commissioners. i'm george mack nab. i'm a business owner no san ownn francisco. thank you for being here. i fully support this project. it's adding 48 48 entry level units. we need more housing. there's also 25% b.m.r.s and it's fantastic number. a

we fight a lot with the united states.hey suffer more mexico when they came to this country. they look at this country for more opportunity. more jobs. we have a lot of violence. how do you support the central american people? and people came from other countries. >> i think that's very important. we've been talking a lot about it. especially because you have a lot of things in common. one of the things that we were undocumented and other countries. our parents had to flee countries. i think that's something that where we are thinking about everyday. now we have this other position in mexico as being sort of the distance with documents in mexico, what does that mean? i think that means that we are there to keep an eye on what is happening. we are there to tell the mexican government that we are paying attention. we are not going to let or allow the rights being violated of the people that are owing to mexico that are being and they are fleeing because of poverty. because of violence and structural things occurring in the c

. >> and my publisher. >> yes to write a book with the economic history of the united states and to say i am not a historian he said quiet and we will decide we will ask adrian wooldridge to help. so here we are. >> how did you organize that division of labor? . >> it's hard enough to write that book alone. >> even more annoying to be around the corner from doctor greenspan and did not even know him at all. so we persuade the economist to give three months off and then we talked through the arguments and then exchange over the telephone is not as difficult of a process as we worried about. >> and with your career. so you made history and now you write about history. do you have an added perspective to have such a singular figure in the policymaking of this country? . >> i'm not sure what that means. i don't think people react that way. at least they shouldn't. and then to believe on free enterprise with an economist like myself to be so interested in what i was doing. >>'s let me make the question more concrete you criticize fdr for his decisions what went wrong in the seventies that we

united states at least since 2009. that's 89% of mexican immigrants in the united states have been in the u.s. since 2009. the population of mexicans that has come since then only 11% compared to 21% for the other groups. and i guess, that was-- you can see that there. now another key piece that i'm sure we have received more attention in the media currently is the idea of how many mexican immigrants are undocumented or unauthorized in the united states. this is important to note as the ambassador was noting, in 2007 6.9 million mexicans were here illegally. and this is a difference of 5.9 million in 2016. 6.9 in 2007 compared to 5.9 in 2016. and the makeup is important to note that not all, and in fact, only the majority of mexican immigrants in the united states are really present. some are naturallized and 32% lawfully permanent residents in the united states or have another legal background. this is the idea not all mexican immigrants are here unlawfully or illegally. only 45% are here in that status. now another t

forum of the united states.ate of northern montana college served 28 years in the air force. he was later nominated by president obama as a united states service director. a senate confirmed presidential appointee reporting directly to the president. commander romo was elected national commander in july of 2018. he leads a congressional chartered veterans service organization advocating for equal rice -- equal rights for veterans. please welcome him. wilkie, myecretary fat -- my fellow veterans and families, good morning and happy veterans day. my name is lawrence romo. it is truly indeed my honor and pleasure to represent the american g.i. forum. as the national commander in the sacred resting place, arlington national cemetery. the american g.i. forum is a congressionally chartered veterans service organization. representing active duty military, families, veterans for advocacy and civil rights, access to earn benefits, a care, and access to good education. today is the 100th anniversary of the end of world wa

nixon made him the united states ambassador to the united nations. i think largely on the strength of this mythical role that he played in the back channel. that is enough of my story. i want to bring up mark and ask him to talk about this other side of things. mark: it is a great pleasure and an honor to do this. this is a topic i am passionate about. it was a terrific book any great read. those of you who have not it should do so after we are done. get into some of the more stories and lessons here, ,ince we are both historians your last book was about intelligence and the technology realm. i am curious how you got onto that,nd as a follow-up to journalists and intelligence officers have certain things in common. they are in the information collection and digestion .usiness and another is that they are reluctant to talk about their sources. as historians we enjoyed talking about our resources, can you tell us about how you wrote the book? mr. usdin: i got the idea after i wrote my first book called "engineering communism." my first idea was, i want

the united states?i also want to show you, what do mexican immigrants in the u.s. think about life in the united states? with a do it again if they could? ... from about two-thirds and the last year of obama two in 201730% and we're still at around the same number for 2018. this is a pattern that we've seen happen around the world. mexico is not unique in this perspective. you can also see mexicans have little confidence in you as president. and that taken with regard to donald trump just 6% 6% of mexn adults in 22 unchanged from 2017. they have confidence that president trump. obama's user interest because you can see a variability in both measures during the obama years and president trump isn't the only president who has a low level of confidence among mexicans. in the last few years of bush that was a relatively low level of confidence in president bush at the time. these numbers do change in the breadth and oftentimes reflect various events happening in the u.s. the decline around 2010 is right aro

the united states to do? >> i highly welcome your disagreement, let me first clarify that which is while there are some fundamentals for russia, whatever you may charge for the russian success in syria is not a written story. it will not end any time in the future so i don't think the russian intervention will necessarily foreclose in the long term for american objectives. was there anything that russia did that wasn't all complementary? >> i will have to disagree with you. first and foremost, you are wrong that russia did not contribute anything to u.s. campaigns. the russian campaign isis is very rapidly expanding and they were eating it alive. and they are now occupied by their job. what will that look like in terms of territorial control in the russian intervention? i have to disagree with you because that is not the reality. i will just say i am looking at this current situation. >> this is unclassified but you can go back in time. if you go back in time to august or july, this little gray triangle which

leadership within the united states, , if i may use that wor. and after that i think we failed in our laurels and we did not took a systematic effort. we did not engage in a systematic effort to talk about nafta, to talk about how much has changed mexico, why is it important for mexico, why is it important for the -- until recently. good examples. whether public opinion now, how was public been in the united states, i think that there is much more, people are much more aware of the mexico nowadays and they were two years ago in general. go talk to soybean growers in the midwest or corn growers in nebraska. go talk to the people that are working in a manufacturing firm in flint, michigan, that is owned by a mexican firm or go -- they will tell you. the problem is that that is there's not an organized as such coalition that will talk about these benefits. it's much easier for a potus to be clear, it's much more easier for them to organize. i think that mexico has a good opportunity right now because the level of attention with respect to mexico i

they can use us to say the united states were there. were inside the room when these decisions were made. so it can't be that we are doing the kind of damage that you say we are. the evidence suggests the contrary. the evidence says the contrary is true. 160 percent increase in civilians being killed. just this year. versus last year. the middle east is in the middle of the game, the resolution is not a power iran. this resolution will not hurt negotiations, they will absolutely help negotiations by showing the united states is going to be an honest broker dehere. the who sees are bad players. they killed a lot of people and done a ulot of damage inside that country. this is not just a question of what the saudis have done. 70% of the civilians have been killed by saudi bombs but the who sees need to be held accountable for what they done as well. we need to be a broker of peace. this resolution will help us be a broker of peace. third, al qaeda and isis s can still be confronted even if this resolution passes and the quicker this civil

nations at the end of world war ii than the united states. in 1945, when the un charter was signed in san francisco, in a way, that is the conclusion of a conversation that woodrow wilson had begun in american politics, in 1918. >>> another artifact that is remarkable in this room there are so many, i would invite you to come to the house to see all that we have but were related to world war i, this sculpture, this was a gift to hit woodrow wilson from a young artist, a philippine artist in his 20s, in the united states, he had a day job, as most artists do, as a waiter, and one of his regular patrons was the secretary to the first lady, and the artist, had done this project as an art project, as a grad student, and told the woman he knew who is associated with the white house that he had done this in 1919, inspired by president wilson's efforts to bring peace to the world, it has the word pact inscribed here which of course means peace in spanish, and, he was invited to meet with president wilson, and as i read his account of coming to the w

in the united states and their intent to migrate. i also want to show you what do mexican immigrants in the u.s. think about life in the united states and would they do it again if they could? what do they think about opportunities for their kids? what about just opportunity have have we seen a change in their opinions about the u.s. in recent years? let's get started. mexico first. this is a chart that shows you over time the views that mexicans have had of the u.s. this is a share, the green line is a share that have a favorable view of the united states. and you can see when president trump became president the share of mexican adults who said they had a favorable view of the u.s. dropped from two-thirds in the last year of obama to, in 2017, 30%, and we're still at around the same number for 2018. so this is a pattern that we've seen happen around the world. you should know that mexico is not unique in this perspective. but you could also see that mexicans have little confidence in the u.s. president. and that particularly with r