professor of epidemiology at the university of bath, and also doctor rosemary leonard who is a gp. lking to us. rosemary, this is from anna. anna says this. when a person tests positive for a coronavirus with mild symptoms, how long should they self—isolate for and when is it safe to go outside again? so the official advice on this is you need to self—isolate for seven days. it is thought that after that, you won't be spreading virus to other people. you should no longer be infectious. i know there are some people who are questioning that, and certainly, if you are still feeling unwell, i would say still self—isolate longer until you are feeling better. sure. but if you are in the house with other people, then they have to stay in the house for 11! days. they have to stay in for 11! days from the onset of your symptoms, and then if one of them gets unwell, becomes unwell, then they have to then self—isolate themselves for seven days from the beginning of their symptoms. understood. ed, could the severity of someone's final illness be related to the degree and depth of the initial ex

when scientists at the university of bath again examine the whale they made a discovery its stomach was full of plastic bags. people in norway were horrified by the images tens of thousands flocked to the beaches to help us. from hope that the coastal service had about 60000 trash bags on hand well enough for 5 years but i'm bored that bit of a room back but in no time at all they were all gone so everybody wanted to go out and collect plastic waste if you. want to run a grocer used to work for the oil industry now he joins teams of volunteers to clean up plastic trash among the countless inlets bays and islands of noways west coast today's destination is a small uninhabited island off barrack and these volunteers are members of a society of engineers most of the waste that washed. on the shore here comes from britain or big ships many of the bags and bottles have disintegrated into bits and pieces for the plastic collectors it's a never ending task. that thermally the deeper you dig the more you turn up it's pretty frustrating after this experience i'll be even more careful about using

he is from the department of biology and biochemistry at university of bath. us aspects of the lockdown. let's begin with some testing related questions. i will put this to chris, an important one today, i've tried every site and my employer about testing and have tried a government website to book a test and so far nothing. how do we book a test, it is not clear, she says? so the government advice is there are now a group of key workers who, if you've got symptoms, then you are now eligible for a test. you have slightly taking the wind out of my sails because i was going to say there is now a government website that you should be logging on to which will enable you to book that test. as i understand it, that website is due to be functioning today to stop yesterday, there was the opportunity for employers to book tests, today there is the ability for individual key workers to book them. if you go onto the uk government website, you should be able to book the test. so she should have a look again, if it wasn't there when she looked, she should hopefully be able

my colleague carrie gracie spoke to dr paula moraga, a mathematician from the university of bath, whoss—referencing this against the capacity of nearby hospitals. we are using... we are working with models that will allow us to understand what is the number of cases we are going to see the following days, the following weeks. this will allow us to understand what resources we are going to need in the future. so right now we are using just basic models that take into account... we are in contact with several companies that provide data on the number of population that moves within the country. this is aggregated data. we cannot identify anyone. but this is really useful because we only want to understand what are the high risk areas, what is the probability of infection in different areas? because, for example, we may think we have removed an area with low probability, but if this area has a strong connection with a high risk area, this is going to increase. these models, as i said before, will be very useful to predict the number of resources we are going to need, the number of beds,

kit yates — a mathematical biologist at the university of bath and nicola stonehouse, professor of molecularat a wonderful lady wendy was, sharing her story about her father. absolutely, if you are getting in touch, you are welcome. you can send mea touch, you are welcome. you can send me a message on twitter or e—mail me. care homes have seen a surge in the number of deaths of residents as a result of coronavirus, with staff members also losing their lives. 0ne care home in luton said last week that 15 people had died during the crisis, including five who tested positive for covid—19. three care homes in scotland announced 30 deaths between them last week, with further deaths being recorded over the weekend. at st davids care home in forfar, 12 staff members have moved into the care home for a month, to try to stop residents from contracting the virus. they've become known as the ‘dedicated dozen' and we're talking to two of them now — christine macrea who is one of the cooks and lynn morrison, the deputy manager. good morning both of you, thank you very much forjoining us. how are you? goo

spike the worst could be yet to come the issue was raised by electra dr kit yes it's from the university of bath he highlighted the government's initial flattening of the curve in order to keep the total number of cases below the country's intensive care bed capacity over reducing the transmission also means that the 2nd peak is possible when lock down is lifted because so many people haven't had the disease well i discuss this in more detail i was joined by dr kit yates himself and he told me that while affording rate of daily infections and deaths is a positive development a 2nd wave of the virus is still a distinct possibility. it's been clear for a couple of weeks now that the deaths in the united kingdom peaks are on the 8th of april certainly that's data from early tests england shows that that's the case it hasn't always been certain that was the day of peak because actually there's a large in when they deaths are reported so deaths can be coming in for a few days up to a week maybe even more after the deaths of actually occurred but it seems now if far enough away from that that there ar

virus it may represent an artificial peak issue was raised by electra dr kit yates from the university of bath he's highlighted the government's initial flattening of the curve in order to keep the total number of cases below the country's intensive care at capacity however reducing the transmission also means that a 2nd peak is possible when lock down is lifted because so many people haven't had the disease or discuss this further i'm not joined by dr king himself to thank you for being with us tell us more on how you've come to this conclusion so in terms of understanding that we're over the peak of the least this 1st peak of the epidemic in the u.k. it's been clear for a couple of weeks now that the deaths in the united kingdom peaks iran the 8th of april certainly that's data from intense england shows that that's the case it hasn't always been so it's and that was the day of peak because actually there's a large in one day deaths are reported so deaths could be coming in for a few days up to a week maybe even more after the deaths of actually occurred but it seems now if our not away from

chris smith, consultant virologist at the university of cambridgejoins us now, along with professor chris martin, a lecturer in economincs at the university of bathery logical question. chris smith, if infections may not confer immunity, and to a certain extent i suppose that reflects the news we have heard from the who questioning that, then how could any vaccine work because surely it uses the same principle? the answer to this is the classic, we don't know. what the who are urging us to be cautious about is that, just because somebody registers antibodies in their bloodstream, this does notjust mean now you have got antibodies, it is back to business as usual, because you might not be immune. we know that with some disorders you can have antibody detectable in your bloodstream, but not enough or the right sort of antibody to actually protect you if you encounter the threat in future. some tests that are being produced at the moment have not been validated, and what we mean by that is checked to know that the antibody a person has is protective at the level that it is present at. those are the sorts of tests we need to do. we also need to do lo

very good to hear from you, thank you very much from the university of bath.rport once travel restrictions are eased in a memo seen by the bbc. in a letter sent to airport staff, the airline said up to a quarter of its pilots could lose theirjobs because of the pandemic. a separate letter sent to pilots said the few services still running from london heathrow could be suspended due to a collapse in customer demand. let's get more on this with tom burridge, our transport correspondent. imean, part i mean, part of me wants to say to you, gosh, that is breathtaking, but given what we have been talking about the last six weeks, british airways not immune from the trouble that are affecting so many airlines. i think it's more very grim news. i think even in the bizarre world that we currently live in, jane, this is pretty extraordinary. gatwick‘s operation for ba at the moment is suspended because of the pandemic and travel restrictions, flight restrictions. it equates to about a fifth of the size of its heathrow operation. but to suggest that the operation. but to

and also i'm joined by dr andrew preston, an infectious diseases expert from the university of bath. that you are both staying well. this first question, probably to dr andrew preston, it is from nick. countries around the world are now starting to enforce populations to wear masks, why is the uk government not following this step?” wear masks, why is the uk government not following this step? i think we are trying to be consistent with who advice, so, ithink are trying to be consistent with who advice, so, i think there is some thought that it is perhaps better at preventing transmission, rather than necessarily relying on it to prevent someone necessarily relying on it to prevent someone from catching the virus. so, in that case, you would need to know that you have the infection in order to be transmitting. the main advice for that is that you should be self—isolating and therefore not out and therefore not need to wear the mask. i think also possibly we've seen mask. i think also possibly we've seen such a lot of discussion and problems with the supply of ppe to those that really

dr paula moraga is a mathematician from the university of bath, who has been mapping cases geographicallyplained that birch, in brief, you explain it better? hello, thanks for having me. we are developing something to predict the spread of disease in space and time. we are working with models that will allow it to understand what is the number of cases we will see in the following days and weeks, this will allow as to understand what research we will need in the future. right now we are using just patient models that take into account (inaudible) i that take into account (inaudible) ,we are that take into account (inaudible) , we are in contact with cell phone companies that provide data on the number of population within the country. this is aggregated data, we cannot identify anyone in the dataset that it is really useful because we want to understand what are the high risk areas, what is the probability of infection in different areas because, for example, we may think we have a remote example, we may think we have a re m ote area example, we may think we have a remote area with low pr

let's speak to iftikhar malik, professor of history at bath spa university. very tricky questions. that is currently not happening because of social distancing? i think because of fasting, people become more pious. go to the mosque and pray five times a and then there are special pairs late in the evening. and the whole book of the koran is recited by the cleric. sometimes people undo their fast in the evening together so there is lots of communal activity, lots of social activity and this is along with friday congregational prayers in the afternoon so religion is a big socialiser and that creates a lot of problems given the situation. soi lot of problems given the situation. so i think the pakistani government, based be president and prime minister are trying to reach out to these religious clerics from all persuasions, if they could sort of deter them from making people come to the mosques. as you said, yesterday at friday prayers, some masks defied that. one particular mask, about 600 people turned up for congregational prayers i think the pakistani government is trying to dissu

bath to see which colleges survive this. >> colleges and universities are scrambling. >> the level of disruption to not just one universityniversities. >> there's a financial crunch coming to college campuses that school presidents like the university of michigan's mark schlissel have not seen in their lifetimes. >> it could be analogized with pearl harbor in the start of the second world war, which came on much more gradually than the covid pandemic did. >> it's leaving colleges decimated. >> every college in the country is facing a cash flow crisis. first, the need to refund money to students, particularly for room and board. >> most schools in america also heavily rely on nontuition revenue. room and board is one stream, but colleges turn campus into a money maker by renting out space, hosting events, and selling tickets to sports games. >> that works out to $50 billion a year for colleges and universities, and that has just come to a complete stop. >> the worst news for school finances hasn't arrived yet. >> the big revenue boost for colleges and universities will be in the fall. what happens if 20% of your students d

for children, they offered things like baths and showers, not just for kids before adults because for millions of people living in tenements and new york university's, their work bids and showers there. they offered the literacy classes and classes in many other things as well. although, settlement houses served a population was almost entirely immigrant and very poor. volunteers and staff settlement houses tended to be well-to-do college graduates. eleanor roosevelt for example at this time worked in a settlement house on the lower east side in new york. the settlement house wordpress mean to do to do. read the university settlement on the lower east side not very far from the newspaper's office. and here's a man she was asked to interview. once you're working there. james graham phelps stokes and as you can tell from the name, or different background anglo stuyvesant bronson and his friends calling, grandma. and he and rose fell in love. he came from the most different kind of background imaginable. here it for example is his parents summer home. [laughter]. the house in western massachusetts time it was built in the 18 '90s it was for time the l

of testing. professor iftikhar malik teaches courses on the contemporary muslim world at bath spa university andof covid—19 notjust practically but also psychologically? i think these are of normal times, these state functionaries would like people to stay at home and not to go to the mosques and do their fasting and to do the fasts at home, to have congregational prayers within their own homes but i think the situation is going to be very tough because traditionally during ramadan more and more muslims, especially men, they go to the mosque, they pray there, they undo their vast in the evening, and there are late evening prayers, in some muslim countries there is a complete lockdown. pakistani authorities have tried to dish away the clerics. most of them may obey the government advice but there are concerns that people will be congregating for fares in the evening when they do their fast, —— if she weighed the clerics. and in friday there will be a lot of traffic. so there is a concern that during ramadan there might be more gathering so religious regions and that could cause more people to bec