us now is lorraine bartel, senior counsel at link and leader of international law at the university of cambridgee program. let me ask you about this ecj ruling that we got. i am sure it is not surprising, because we got the advice last week, but how would this work? what it have to be a u.k. court reverses article 50? no, a judgment cannot out literally a few minutes ago, though i have had a chance to skin it, that same process has --be used for parkin reverting revoking the notice as forgiving, so it would have to .e an act of parliamentar against theld be democratic process if they were to do so. does that mean we only have these two decisions or choices, either theresa may's deal or no deal at all? well, it is difficult to say, but i think what is likely to happen is that hard temptedrs, who might be to vote against theresa may's deal, may now work toward her deal to make sure there is a brexit at all, whereas ers may move away from her deal, because now there is a third option. there is hard to say. matt: what do you expect tomorrow? the process in this country is incredibly complex. out ado

from the institute of astronomy at the university of cambridge, please welcome dr giorgia busso and dr um, this is the gaia satellite currently in space. this is a model of it. yes, that's gaia. it's a space telescope. it's one of the cornerstone missions of the european space agency. and, as you say, that's a model. the real one is ten times bigger. what have you been trying to find out using gaia? well, with gaia we're trying to discover the the shape of our galaxy and how it formed. and we need gaia's measurements to pinpoint exactly where the stars are and what the structure is. for example, how many spiral arms there are in our galaxy. it's crazy, isn't it, when you think about it. i grew up thinking that we knew that the milky way was a spiral with two arms. but what you're saying is, of course, we don't actually know because we're in it. we just think we know. exactly. so what kind of things is gaia measuring then? gaia is repeatedly scanning the sky and it's taking images of the stars at different times. and then, with these, by processing these images with a very complicated s

from the institute of astronomy at the university of cambridge, please welcome doctor georgia bohl sir the guy a satellite currently in space. this is a model of it. it is a space telescope. it is one of the cornerstone missions of the space agency. the real one is ten times bigger. what have you been trying to find out using edge? we trying to find out using edge? we try to find out the shape of our galaxy and how it reformed. we need it to pinpoint exactly where the stars are where the structures are. for example how many spiral arms there are in the galaxy. are dropping him we knew that the milky way was a spiral with two arms. but what you are saying is that we only think we know —— i grew up thinking. what sort of things is gaia measuring? gaia is repeatedly scanning the sky and taking images at different times. by processing these images with a very competent at software system we can figure out how far away the stars are and how they move and with that we build up a map of the sky. it is basically like google maps for the galaxy. you have made some remarkable discoveries already

fineman redfern as a professor of sciences at the university of cambridge he explains why tsunamis like this are very hard to predict is unusual that there was a wells a tsunami which was just a. you know an accident of fate if you like the the volcano itself is is an active volcano that's been erupting the last few years and actually the island itself formed in the one nine hundred twenty s. out of the old collapsed caldera from from its parent cracka to the there's a confluence of events here the high tide. tsunami from this this landslide collapse and because of the nature of the lambs like lambs also no real warning of the tsunami so previous tsunamis in the region in the indian ocean remember the the boxing day tsunami which was also associated with an earthquake in sumatra that. that earthquake gave the early warning in this case there was no expectation of the. of the blood the devastated areas very close to the volcano so the low lying coastal. regions that face towards cricketer along the java and sumatra coast send some the straits. it just doesn't give time for an early warni

catherine barnard is professor in european union law at the university of cambridge. ng. you have looked at this full legal advice, which the government was forced to publish because of its defeat in the comment last night. what did you learn from it that we did not already know from what the attorney general had told us?|j already know from what the attorney general had told us? i must say, it's actually a very good and clear piece of legal advice that begins by setting out exactly what the backstop is about and essentially, without using image of a swimming pool it explains northern ireland is in the deep end because it's in the customs union and single market for goods, and the rest of great britain is in the shadow and just in the customs union. but what is interesting about the opinion is that he goes on to discuss some of the problems he sees about the arrangement, most strikingly, he even doubts whether it is potentially compatible with article 50. i know this is a really... for lawyers that could be imported because remember the article is about the terms of th

affected areas dorsetshire pari al jazeera simon redfern is a professor of sciences at the university of cambridge he joins us now on skype from there simon we're hearing this was a tsunami triggered by a volcanic eruption can you explain just how that works. so in this case the tsunami seems to be associated with this eruption of an a cricketer. in fact you know the crack of. a long history is famous for its its devastation and it had this huge eruption in one thousand nine hundred three that eruption nine hundred eighty three actually most of the fatalities from that eruption were associated with a very large tsunami affected the island blew itself apart in this case it's a much much smaller eruption from the from an a crocodile a child a cracker to and it's likely that it's caused by some collapse of the the slope. at the base of the volcano and these volcanoes in indonesia these are absolutely packed full of volcanic activity because of the tectonic plates from the strain and plate going on plate eurasian plate so the line of volcanoes along here and that's why the earthquakes and volcanic cau

nowjoined by catherine barnard, a professor in european union law and employment law at the university of cambridged morning and thanks for taking the time to talk to us. how likely do you think it is that the ec] judges will follow what the attorney general or their chief legal adviser has suggested? usually the court ofjustice follows what the court ofjustice follows what the advocate general says. the advocate general is a judge at the course of justice but advocate general is a judge at the course ofjustice but he gives an advisory opinion which the court of justice can choose whether to follow oi’ justice can choose whether to follow or not. what usually happens is that the advocate general sets out in more detail than the court of justice does the issues at stake, the sources he has looked at. but this is virgin territory, nobody has had to consider this before. he has looked at it entirely from those principles. does this effectively create a third option, because at the moment the prime minister is talking about her deal or no deal, does it create another option for mps and the country? tha

joining us now to discuss both of those stories is evie aspinall, president of cambridge university studentsudents union. welcome. thank you very much for joining us. briefly tell us what kind of school you both went to. we both went to state... interference what is it that help team, evie apply and successfully get in? we had a middling level of support. so they hand me. they talked us through they hand me. they talked us through the process. how to apply, and supporting us through that. which a lot of state copperheads and schools don't get. joe how much convincing digital need to apply and how much ofa digital need to apply and how much of a chance did you think you had?” did not. i had a negative perception of oxford before i applied. i thought it was a place of social elitism. it completely changed for me. i used a summer school programme at oxford university runs. i spent a week living in oxford free living in college. i met lots of current students and that change my mind. evie how much difference does that make depending on which college you applied to? are some more welcoming of not

earlier i spoke to evie aspinall, president of cambridge university students union and joe inwood, presidenttories. i think ithinkl i think i had quite an negative perception of 0xbridge before i applied. i definitely thought it was applied. i definitely thought it was a place of social elitism rather than academic, but i was part of a summer than academic, but i was part of a summer school programme that oxford university runs. i spent a week living in oxford in a college and got a sense of what oxford life was right and met many students and that's changed my mind. how much difference does it make depending on which college you apply to? are some more welcoming of non—independent school pupils? the different environments and colleges and different colleges have different access levels, but in general, the idea is that what college you apply to doesn't matter and they try and do outreach programmes in different areas of the country. it seems there areas of the country. it seems there are some 3000 state schools who are historically those who put in the least applications. what needs to be d

of the world ‘s most incredible discoveries were made at university in the uk. the university of nottingham is responsible for inventing the mri scanner. the structure of dna was discovered at the university of cambridgee transformed our everyday lives. tell us about your invention because sometimes it is usefuljust to see it being. what have you come up with? we have developed a new rubber compound which has graphing in it. —— graphene. robber is used in all sorts of things in everyday life, but a common problem with it is that it is difficult to get a soft rubber which is also durable. where are we going to see this creation of yours? the first product we have actually launched with this new rubber compound is a training shoe where the rubber is use on the outsole. why is that good? is a special shoe for something used like fell running, we need to have good grip on tough grain. at the same time these runners run for hundreds of metres at a time, so it needs to last without losing the grip. the new rubber is able to deliver that hoppe i will feel this because it is quite hard. it is a very durable rubber, but when you have the impact on the rocks and things like that, it deforms and grips the tourai

of backgrounds. oxford university said it‘s aware it must work harder. cambridgeforms. how supportive was the grammar school? the comprehensive school mentioned oxbridge to me, but did not have a big issue are sending people, so therefore i moved to a school that had a better case today, because i understood you needed access to understanding of the process , access to understanding of the process, and i got that from the school, which was really helpful. how much does that explain this gap both oxford and cambridge? how much it is down to the understanding of the application process and the assistance given at that stage?” think it is significant. the reason of spreads give personal one—on—one support to students is to emulate that support that the schools get. they get told what to read, get help making calls, preparing for tess, and they get mock interviews. they get support the whole way through. and of course has to be that belief from the students themselves that they can win a place at one of these use of our cities, so tell us about your experience. at fir

of optics which was hugely influential the centuries. met it had died is an iraqi engineer at cambridge university together we're going to recreate one of the mill haitham his most famous experiments the camera obscura pharmaceutical you think very very nice what's the view like. we have this power of ok i think that clock tower be perfect. all we need to do is block out the windows and get the screen in place. the camera obscura is essentially a giant pinhole camera the size of a room so that we can stand inside it although the idea of the camera obscura was known about previously it no hey thumbs accounts is the earliest to mathematically explain how it works he used it as proof that light travels in a straight line ok i just know i need to make a hole so if you get the screen. i'll turn the lights out we'll see if we can all be at our. last point credible it almost looks like a painting doesn't it doesn't always doesn't look real and you know all we've done is block out the light from the room and then allow it to come through this small hole that is the clocktower you can see such detail just from across the across to even see the.

of backgrounds. oxford university said it's aware it must work harder. cambridget should be made available to pupils before they choose their a—level subjects. the mobile network 02 has said all of its data services have been restored. the company said a review will be carried out to discover why 32 million uk customers were unable to get online yesterday. 0ur correspondent jon donnison has more. for many these days, life without a fully—functioning smart phone is almost unimaginable. the cameras might have been working at this christmas market in manchester, but for 32 million 02 customers, not much else was. we've not been able to use facebook. the thing is, i don't think you can send on imessage either. send messages on imessage either. train times, to get us home. just not good, basically. in london, bus arrival screens which work off the 02 network were also out of action. a first world problem, you might say, but also very much one of our time. it's a digital catastrophe of the 21st century. we are out of internet, out of services, out of our loved ones nera

of optics which was hugely influential the centuries. method had died is an iraqi engineer at cambridge university together we're going to recreate one of the mill haitham as most famous experiments the camera obscura pharmaceutical you think very very nice what's the view like. we have this power ok i think that clock how perfect. or we need to do is block out the windows and get the screen in place. the camera obscura is essentially a giant pinhole camera the size of a room so that we can stand inside it although the idea of the camera obscura was known about previously it no hey thumbs accounts is the earliest to mathematically explain how it works he used it as proof that light travels in a straight line ok i just know i need to make a hole so if you get the screen. i'll turn the lights out we'll see if we think that our. well that's going credible it looks like a painting doesn't it doesn't always doesn't look real and you know all we've done is block out the light from the room and then allow it to come through this small hole that is the clocktower you can see such detail just from across the across to even see the highest yeah t

a much wider range of those traditions and there are some, mostly in departments of theology like at cambridge university in england, who will say these are basically still garbage. they were garbage in the first entry, they are still garbage. we just stick to the ones the church endorses and we stand with the creed. i don't stand there anymore. >> why don't we open things up. i will ask if you have questions. there's a microphone here. please keep it to one actual question, if you could. thank you. >> we have lots of actual questions. >> i wish you would talk about the power of community from being a member of a religious organization. when i went through breast cancer, my temple, temple israel greater miami, was so supportive it was amazing. i don't think i could have done so well without them. >> that's a very good question. i'm really glad you brought that up because i don't mean to think, you know, i look in the abstract at this at all. the religious communities can be enormously powerful and some of them saved my life. the trappist community in colorado, though i'm not a roman catholic, i go to a w

of backgrounds. oxford university said it's aware it must work harder. cambridge. her location in the pacific is so remote the nearest vessel is not expected to reach her until tonight. jon kay has more. this is the call susie goodall made after her boat flipped over. in the southern pacific ocean, alone, injured and thousands of miles from dry land. the 29—year—old set sail injuly and was coming fourth in one of the world's most grueling events, when she hit a ferocious storm. speaking before the race, she knew the southern ocean would be the toughest part of her round the world challenge. i'm sure there will be times down there that i just think, what the hell am i doing? this is horrendous. the boat isjust like a rag doll, it's being chucked around all over the place and you can do nothing about it. this chinese cargo ship is the closest vessel to susie, it has been diverted hundreds of miles to challenging seas to rescue her. we are unsure whether they will be able to launch a small boat to go over and recover her and come back and bring it on board again, bec

of those things under the same roof. the first time they met paul graham, which was completely coincidental thing that went up to cambridge during their spring break at the university of virginia to watch in get a speech in the grabbed him afterwards and offered to buy him a. you know, initially paul asserted into the idea of my mobile menu and he was like yes, this is the thing no one will have to in line again. steve houseman was like we don't want to disrupt. we just want to make it easier to order a sandwich. similarly, they weren't looking to build a site that could get 200,000 people down to the mall or be what could host anything for them hard-core to dedicated political activism. they just wanted to build a better way to share interesting links. i found it interesting that sort of throughout the book, not humility of these guys, but the unassuming nature of these errors looking right from the start to change the world. to that attract you to the story a little bit? >> so of course this is a business book, but also the very human story of their friendship and their personality assemblies to men growing up and becoming themselves and they are two vastly diffe

a "treasure trove" of dinosaur history has been identified in a cliff at hastings, according to a newly published study by researchers at cambridge universityures living 145 million years ago are visible. robin gibson reports. that's a nice one. the academics confirm what local enthusiasts know. round here, you're never very far from a dinosaur footprint, all you need to know is where to look. three toes. 145 million years ago, this was a very different world. kent brooks has devoted years to studying its prehistory. you find not only the footprints, but, if you're lucky, you can also find dinosaur bones in amongst the rocks. 0n bexhill beach? 0n the beach. the bones have been washed out of the clay by the sea, natural erosion. and they're lying on the beach. amazingly, you can find and see dinosaur footprints here, for example, on bexhill beach, without having to risk life and limb clambering along the cliff line. but for the specialists who do, our part of the world is legendary. this we've visited every year for the past five years, it's been really exciting stuff. this new study brings up—to—date this walking with dinosaurs world of igu

let's get more reaction now to the ecj ruling with catherine barnard, professor of eu law at cambridge universitythis decision says that we can change our minds unilaterally with nothing unchanged. is there anything in this that has surprised you? not really. the question has always been is ita really. the question has always been is it a unilateral decision for the uk or is it a unilateral decision for the ukora is it a unilateral decision for the uk or a bilateral decision. does the eu have to have its say? you will recall a couple of weeks ago the advocate general gave an advisory opinion that said it was a unilateral decision for the uk, and the eu would have no say over it. the court ofjustice had broadly followed this and said yes, unilateral decision for the uk, provided it does it according to its own constitutional democratic requirements. and crucially it says very clearly that if the uk were to decide to stay, ie by revoking the article 50 notification, we would stay on the terms that we have now, which means budget rebate, no requirement tojoin which means budget rebate, no requiremen

of tourism. we've seen them target academic publishers, cambridge university press at one point was prepared to take an 300 articles from china quarterly, the premier journal of the china studies field under pressure from the chinese because they covered topics such as tiananmen square and tibet. -- when younese are think about them engaging and nontraditional espionage 20 to recognize that it covers both methods and targets. senator kennedy, ranking member feinstein and honorable members of the committee thank you for inviting me to testify today. a senator cornyn's charts made clear, the ones who displayed a little while ago, chinese economic espionage is only one element of a broader chinese strategy to promote china in a world range of technology. requiring companies to transfer cutting edge technology to china, subsidizing domestic companies and financing training for top students and researchers overseas. chairman grassley and ranking member feinstein, in your fullyg remarks, you address the scale and the challenge of chinese espionage. i will not belabor the remarks you already made but much

of inquiry. we've seen them target academic publishers. cambridge university press at one point apparently was prepared to take down over 300 articles from china quarterly, the premier journal of the chinese study field under pressure from the chinese because they covered topics such as tiananmen square, xinjong and tibet. so when we think about the chinese engaging in nontraditional espionage, we do need to recognize that it covers both ethnics and targets. >>> thank you for inviting me to testify today. as senator cornyn's earlier charts made clear, the ones he displayed a little while ago during the first panel, chinese economic espionage is only one element in a broader chinese strategy to promote china as a world leader in a range of technologies. china's approach includes purchasing innovative companies through overseas investments, acquire companies to transfer cutting edge technology to china, subsidizing domestic companies and financing training for top chinese students and researchers overseas. chairman grassley and ranking member feinstein, in your

of inquiry. the chinese have engaged in weaponize tourism. we have seen this in south korea. we've seen them target academic publishers, cambridge universityss, at one point, was prepared to take down 300 articles from china quarterly, the premier journal of the china studies field, under pressure from the chinese because they covered topics such as tiananmen square and tibet. broadly speaking, when the chinese are -- when we think about them engaging in nontraditional espionage, you need to recognize that it covers both methods and targets. thank you very much. >> mr. harrell. >> senator kennedy, ranking member feinstein, and honorable members of the committee thank , you for inviting me to testify today. as senator cornyn's charts made clear, the ones he displayed a little while ago, chinese economic espionage is only one element in a broader chinese strategy to promote china in a world leader in a range of technologies. china's approach includes purchasing companies through investments, requiring companies to transfer cutting edge technology to china, subsidizing domestic companies, and financing training for top chinese students and re

let's get the thoughts of catherine barnard, who's professor of eu law at cambridge university.e 50? take away the deadline of the 29th of march and extent article 50 ?m is in their power, but we have to ask for it, and then the eu has to act unanimously, so all 27 have got to agree to an extension of the period. of course, while some numbers that may be willing, others won't, particularly those who didn't really get what they wanted in the negotiations on the withdrawal agreement. crucially, the uk has to ask. just to pick up on the point of theresa may travelling around, trying to get changes to how deal — the difficulties she has is that there is no way clearly that the eu will change anything in role. what has been agreed is agreed as far as they are concerned. there are two documents that were negotiated— the big withdrawal agreement, the article 50 of women, which is the 585 page document. that seems to be pretty much locked in a stone. the eu won't open that, because of they reopen that, then the french will ask more about fishing, the spanish wa nt ask more about fishing

of foul play, but that they hold grave fears for grace's safety. hywel griffith, bbc news. new figures show that oxford and cambridge universities fiona bruce is the new presenter of question time, starting the role injanuary. i've been speaking to our media and arts correspondent david silitto about the announcement. not a surprise, we knew that an offer had been made but they have signed the deal on the dotted line. january the 10th, she will be appearing on thursday as the new presenter of question time. of course replacing david dimbleby who is going to be saying farewell on december the 13th. a remarkable run on the chair of question time of 25 years. part of the broadcasting furniture. not often we get a new presenter. the last time was 1993, when peter sissons said goodbye. before him, going back to 1979, we had robin day. and therefore she is the first woman to present the programme. absolutely, all of the batting, if there was any, was that there was going to be a female presenter. it was said that her authority, warmth and ability to connect with the audience were what swung it. we don't know that there had been some p

cambridge analytica had ties to russian oil and st. petersburg university. we know the russians took trump up on his offer to try to find hillary's e-mails. remember that? the goals and tactics of the russians and trump campaign were similar. that can be shown. we just did it. why were they so similar? that is for lawmakers or mueller to expose. it is a provocative question. we will talk with one of the key senators who put out that bombshell report today. what does he think about the flynn 302? did he know about it? what's of interest to him? what is he going to about this provocative question, the similarities between the russians and trump's campaign? ♪ there's no place like home ♪ argh! i'm trying... ♪ yippiekiyay. ♪ mom. ♪ >>> >>> today's senate report illustrates that the russians exploited a massive back door into the foundation of our democracy. the question has always been, find out what the russians did and stop them from doing it again. where are we on that? one of the people who will have a bigger say in all that is democratic senator from oregon ron widen. a pleasure. welcome to "prime time". >> thank you. >> so let's deal with the central question, just in terms o

university, whose work was cited in the advertising standards authority report underpinning this ruling. she joins via skype from cambridge. perhaps you could explain for us what the evidence is about the impact on all ofd exposure research, advertising exposure research, advertising exposure research, advertising exposure research, where in a controlled environment people were subject to advertisements of different content. this research shows conclusively that exposure to gender stereotypical content has effects on women as others man. historically this was focused on the effect on women and these range from lowered self—esteem, law aspirations, even under performance in maths and less leadership posts after exposure to these advertisements on their content. for men we observe effects, men after exposure to such content have been found... depictions about men, idealised body shapes, these depictions led to lower self esteem in men themselves. what sort of impact you think this is going to have in real terms on the adverts we see on television or elsewhere?” would like to say this is a really welcome change and the team have done a really good job looking at the evidence and proposing these changes. i