months with his her a walker, who is professor of medical statistics and epidemiology at the university of oxford and chief investigative for the code 900 infection survey. so good. see that? thanks for joining us. what in your view is the chief takeaway of this report as far as the public's concerned, they really important for me, but even though the vaccine don't doing quite as well as they did again. for the 2 days, she's going to take all still giving good protection against the class, and that's true whether or not you've hard coded before. so even if you've had code before, you'll still get after protection. if you have to back thing. now you all right, so what we also found is that initially the pfizer vaccine, how to grade your effectiveness about 15 percent, but that did go over time, 2nd, back to nation. whereas after that, it started a little bit lower, but she and i'll study, we don't have any acronyms because it's changing over time. the changes we saw were too small to be statistically set out. so by 4 to 5 months, the, to vaccines look fairly similar balls, but still giving really

professor of history at the university of toronto and emeritus professor of international history at the university of oxford. doctor previously was on the faculty of the university before going on to serve as provost of trinity college at the university of toronto and saint anthony college at the university of oxford. she is the author of war how it shaped us which is published this last phone or previous books in 1919 dangerous games and women. [inaudible] joining us as moderator this evening at columbia law school. as a leading constitutional to have an extensive history of government service. he serves in all three branches of government during six administrations both republican and democratic and most recently director of intelligence program director for critical infrastructure and senior director for strategic planning at the national security council. thus an hour including 15 minutes for questions and answers. questions can be submitted via the q&a function on your screen. so please do remember to use the q and a. our speakers will get to as many questions as time allows. i know it's my great pleas

welcome margaret mcmillan professor of history at the university of toronto and emeritus professor of international history at the university of oxford doctor mcmillan previously before going on at provost at university college and saint anthony college at the university of oxford and the author that was published this past fall in including paris 1919 nixon and now. joining us as moderator this evening professor of jurisprudence at columbia law school. a leading constitutional theorist who has an extensive history of government service serving in all three branches of government joining six administrations republican and democratic including most recently the intelligence program for critical infrastructure for strategic planning at the national security council. the presentation will last for an hour and your questions could be submitted on your zoom screen. will ask as many questions as time allows. >> you say war is the most organized of human activities. as a constitutional lawyer like me it is said that governments are the most organized that relationship between more and the emergence of state one of the great strengths of thi

welcome martha mcmillan professor of history at the university of toronto in the notice professor of international history of the university of oxfordctor previously was onct the faculty of the university before going on to trinity college at the university of toronto in saint anthony's college. at the university of oxford. she is the author of war, how conflict shaped us which is published this past fall in her previous books include 1919 nixon in now, dangerous game in joining us as moderator this evening, professor of columbia law school, he's a leading extensive history of government service, he served in all three branches of government during six ministrations both republican and democratic including most recently in the intelligence program in the infrastructure of the national security council. our next program your questions can be submitted on your resume screen and you can use a q&a. our speakers will get to as many questions as time allows. it is my great pleasure to turn our stage over to tonight speaker. >> thank you luis and welcome. >> you say war is the worst organize of human activities, and the government is the m

welcoming margaret macmillan professor of history at the university of toronto and narrative professor ofve international history at the university of oxford. doctor margaret macmillan previously at the university before going on to serve at trinity college at the university of toronto and at saint anthony's college. at the university of oxford. she is the author of "war" and how it's conflict shaped us which is published this past fall in previous books include 1919, the war that ended peace, and out dangerous games. and turning up this moderating, professor at columbia law school. professor is a leading constitutional purist who has an extensive history of government service pretty serves in all three branches ofho government during six administrations. both republican and democratic including most s recently, the intelligence programs and critical infrastructure and senior director for strategic planning at the national security council. and this will last an hour and 15 minutes in the questions and answers and the questions can be submitted on your zoom screen and the q&a function. and also in the chat function so please do remember to

the university of oxford's data says only 1.2% of people in low-income countries have received at leastose of the vaccine. ♪ okay, let's bring in our guests. from new york, we have wafaa el-sadr, professor of epidemiology and medicine at columbia university. in hong kong, we have john nicholls, clinical professor in pathology at the university of hong kong. and from johannesburg, helen rees, member of south africa's ministerial advisory committee for covid-19 and covid vaccines. a very warm welcome to you all. thank you for joining us. i'd like to begin with you, wafaa. at the start of the pandemic, we were all saying herd immunity it -- we were all saying herd immunity, it was the buzzword. that's what we need, herd immunity. is that done and dusted now? is the cat out of the bag? >> i think we need at this point to really change the discourse and maybe change the narrative around what our goals are. and i think rather than using the term herd immunity, knowing that these vaccines we have, which are really superb vaccines, do not absolutely protect against every single infection, but y

intentions do not pay the road to how i ask effective altruism evangelist. professor of philosophy said oxford university, william mcgasey william mac asking professor of philosophy at oxford university and the co founder of the center for effective altruism. surely, great to have you with us today. welcome to our show, which is great feed here. thank you for inviting me on so. alright, so the movement here are associated with is called effective outer ism, i mean the very notion of the vaccine altruism makes me wonder, can altruism be ineffective or even harmful? and what cases? yes, so i think sadly, isn't very often is ineffective or even harmful. so there are many attempts where people find, do some of good actually end up achieving very little or just achieving far less than they could have done. so for example, a program in the united states called scared spate, takes juvenile link once and shows them round cousins in order to scan them out of a life of crime. but this has been studied many times over and actually it turns out that this program increases the rates of criminal activity among those t

the university of oxford, our world and data says only 1.2 percent of people in low income countries have received at least one dose of the vaccine. ah, ok, let's bring in august from new york. we have was a father, professor of epidemiology and medicine and columbia university in hong kong. we have john nichols clinical professor and pathology at the university of hong kong. and from johanna spoke helen rees, member of south africa ministerial advisory committee for cove at 19 and cove. vaccines. very welcome to all. thank you for joining us. i'd like to begin with, you was also at the start of the pandemic. we were all saying heard immunity. it was the buzzword. that's what we need. heard. immunity is that done and dusted now . as the cat out of the bag, i think we need at this point to, to really change the discourse and maybe change the narrative around what our goals are. and i think rather than using that term in unity and knowing that these vaccines we have, which are really super vaccines do not absolutely protect against every single infection, but protect against a severe i

intentions do not pay the road to how i ask effective altruism evangelist. professor of philosophy at oxford university, william mac, asco, william catskill, professor of philosophy at oxford university, and the co founder of the center for effective altruism. surely, great to have you with us today. welcome to our show, which is great sphere, thank you for inviting me on so. alright, so the movement here are associated with is called effective altruism. i mean, the very notion of effective altruism makes me wonder, can altruism be ineffective or even harmful in what cases? yes, so i think sadly, isn't very often it's ineffective or even harmful. so there are many attempts where people find, do some of good actually end up achieving very little or just achieving far less than the could have done. so for example, a program in the united states called scared spate, takes juvenile link once and shows them round pins in order to scan them out of a life of crime. but this has been studied many times over and actually it turns out that this program increases the rates of criminal activity among those teenage

we'll have to leave it somewhere romani, thank you for joining us from the university of oxford. thank you very much. she muslims across india, her be marking the islamic hurley day of assure it commemorates the death of the prophet mohammed, the grand cinema. the saints. thousands of devotees took part in michel self flagellation. to move the suffering he endured before he was killed. she emerson's regard, his death as a symbol of humanity, struggle against injustice. black market demand for an exotic fish found in mexico, girls of california is endangering a rare purpose purpose. in fact, fishermen claim the crisis on the government's mismanagement to environmental policies as men will repair reports, fishing his hard business in sun phillipe it aside from the punishing heat, tougher fishing restrictions have force many here to tighten their belts. load in. so garcia, the local fisheries association says fishermen are being collectively punished for criminal activity in the protected waters of the upper gulf of california. exam was good to fill up with killer. we know there is i

a professor of history at the university of toronto in an ameritas professor of international history and a former warden of st. anthony's college of university of oxford. and oxford is where she's joining us from today. good day, professor, how are you? very well, thanks. alright, so let's start with a book. you've written a lot of books about that, the 20th century, and then you wrote this one, which is a course about the 20th century, which is nobody's great wars, but it's actually a much more broad look at history on this one topic, a war. why did, why did you write it? i'm also curious. are you surprised at all by the response to it? well, the 2nd question is easy to answer. yes i am. it's something i've been thinking about for a long time, but i thought it will come out. it's the book that a few people might like be nice if it got some nice reviews, but i am, i am surprised. it's something i've been thinking about for a long time. if you do, history, war comes in and out of history a lot that has a huge impact on history. and i suppose war was in my own background like it's in the background of a lot of people. my age. my father was in the canadi

businesses and cities across the country are mandating vaccines but a new study out of the university of oxfordvaccinated individuals, breakthrough infections carry as much of the delta variant virus as the unvaccinated. what does this mean? doctor harvey rich, epidemiology professor at the school of public health, good to see you tonight. regular person who doesn't read all the studies and focus on the medical data are hearing that they have to go out and get the third shot, they have to get it a particular timeframe after the last shot and now they are reading that people with the vaccine have these infections are carrying an enormous amount of virus transmitting the virus to others and still having to wear masks and all the other restrictions so what is the point, if the study is correct about the viral load? >> the city is correct about the viral loads but the just of the study is talking about what happens to the person who gets vaccinated, not transmitting the virus. our question for government policy mandates and things like that concern risks of transmission and what the study shows is

history at the university of toronto previously on the faculty before going on as provost at trinity college at the university of toronto and that say into these college has university of oxford she is the author of war how conflict shape does. and those that ended piece. >> and professor of jurisprudence at columbia law school professor bother is a leading international there is too has an extensive history of government service. with the six administrations both republican and democratic. with those intelligence programs for critical infrastructure at the national security council. and with questions and answers and they can be submitted the q&a function on your zoom screen. we have disabled the chat function so please remember the q&a. we will get to as many questions as time allows. and now i turn it over to today's speakers. >> welcome margaret it's good to see you. >> thank you. so as a constitutional lawyer like me it is said that governments is the most organized of human activities. so that relationship is one of thet great strengths of this book. then need to make more for government organization and just to expand on that a bit. >> it's a pleasure to be here. i hav

businesses in cities across the country are mandating vaccines, but now a new study out of the university of oxfordcinated individuals with breakthrough infections carry just as much of the delta variant virus as the unvaccinated. what does this mean? joining me now is dr. harvey rich, epidemiologist professor. it's good to see you tonight. so the regular person who doesn't read all these studies are focused on all the new medical data, they are hearing that they now have to go out and get the third shot and they have to get it at a particular time frame after i guess the last shot and yet now they are reading that people with the vaccine who have these infections are carrying in norma's amount of virus and i guess than transmitting the virus to others and their still having to wear masks and all the other things, all the other restrictions. so what's the point if this is the study is correct about the viral load's? >> good to talk to you, laura. the study is correct about the viral load's, but the gist of the study is talking about what happens to the person who gets vaccinated not transmitting th

very pleased indeed to welcome martha mcmillian, a professor of international history at the university of oxford. doctor mcmillian prettily was on the faculty before going on to serve as provost at trinity college at the university of toronto. she's the author of "war: how conflict shaped us" which was published this past fall and her previous books include paris 1919, nixon and mao, and women. joining us this moderator the cd is philip bobbitt, professor at columbia law school. professor bobbitt is a leading constitutional theorist who has an extensive history of government service. he served in all three brancheso of government during six administrations both republican and democratic, including most recently as a director of the intelligence program, senior director for critical infrastructure, and senior director for strategic planning at the national security council. to knights presentation last an hour and including 15 minutes for questions and answers. your questions can be submitted via the q&a function on your zoom screen. in the interest of simplicity we have disabled the chat functio

let's get to our first guest, jeff henriksen, university of oxford senior fellow. equity still the best pool to be fishing in. why? jeff: thanks for having me. it is been great listening to you guys talk about everything. we do not look at asset classes as a monolithic security you need to embrace or avoid. we look at every asset classes an opportunity. when we look at the market today we think equities still provide the best opportunity for investors to find ideas to place capital. that said, it is becoming more and more of a stock pickers market. you have to understand the type of businesses you are buying, the valuations in which you are buying them. if i have to pick one asset class i'm spending time diving into and burning where i can find the pricing come equities is still that asset classes. that is a function of where we are with the current recovery, although we have seen headwinds recently. the recovery is still in place. inflation is running hotter than most people would like to see but you still have $4.5 trillion stuck in money markets? i saw the other

. >> phd in physics at the university of oxford. in an important scientific challenge of her time and the computational biology. and using machine learning and the delay in predicting medical records pretty based in london and appeared on discovery tv. on the journey through the work being done to combat the death and suffering and aging itself. the physical and mental deterioration is inevitable part of growing older. not all declines at the same time. an understanding why that might be and this is about therapies that target the biological puzzle for this. and a book that "ageless" fascinating and practical guide to the science of aging and we might be able to bend our biological health and andrew steele in these issues can be important for future by ensuring that we age as low as possible. and bringing this extraordinary achievements and promise of current science andes longevity. we are so pleased to be here tonight without further ado, andrew steele. it. >> hi everyone and thank you so much that you for having me reading about i

that led the university of oxford vaccine. dr. de jesus from brazil and dr.nted the ppe gown that can be cleaned and reused allowing doctors to keep seeing patients safely for each sold mattell will donate $5 to the first responders childrens foundation. tokyo 2020 skateboarding endings it olympic debut with team usa dropping into the stadium. ray loves vacations. but his diabetes never seemed to take one. everything felt like a 'no.' everything. but then ray went from no to know. with freestyle libre 14 day, now he knows his glucose levels when he needs to... and...when he wants to. so ray...can be ray. take the mystery out of your glucose levels, and lower your a1c. now you know. try it for free. visit freestylelibre.us (struggling vehicle sounds) now you know. try it for free. think premium can't be capable? think again. ♪ (energetic music) ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ introducing the first ever at4 lineup. premium and capable. that's professional grade from gmc. oh! are you using liberty mutual's coverage customizer tool? so you only pay for what you need. sorry? limu, you'

that led the university of oxford vaccine. dr. de jesus from brazil who led the genome sequencing.lia who invented the ppe gown that can be cleaned and reused allowing doctors to keep seeing patients safely foundati. tokyo for each sold, mattel will donate $5 to the first responders children's foundation >>> tokyo 2020 skateboarding ending its olympic debut with team usa dropping into the stadium. he joins us next as the news continues. you're in good hands with allstate. click or call for a lower auto rate today. >>> tokyo 2020 minutes away from nbc sports primetime olympic coverage here on cnbc. tonight we will kick it off with men's handball, kind of like water polo without the water two teams passing and dribbling the ball up and down the court, attempt to throw it in the goal looking thing, much like a soccer net tonight the reigning olympic champion denmark takes on spain in the semis, and a bronze medal match in women's field hockey, india trying to beat great britain. team gb by the way, won gold in the 2016 games later the american in her olympic debut in the women's rhyth

intentions do not pay the road to how i ask effective altruism evangelist. professor of philosophy at oxford university, william mcgasey, william oak as skilled professor of philosophy at oxford university and the co founder of the center for effective altruism. surely, great to have you with us today. welcome to our show will face via thank you for inviting me on. so alright, so the movement here are associated with is called effective altruism. i mean, the very notion of effective altruism makes me wonder, can altruism be ineffective? or even harmful in what cases.

but researchers, led by the university of oxford, found the risk of such problems was still much higherho have yet to take—up the vaccine. i certainly think it will help some people who have been vacillating about the vaccination. as in the study points out that if you are not vaccinated it is probably inevitable you're going to covid catch at some point given the figures and you run the risk of having some of these rear blood disorders. those who are i do logically opposed to having a vaccine,, from the adverse events following vaccination compared with the very real risk of the adverse events following covid—19 itself and this report quantifies that risk using a very large dataset. it is clear that it has been less recognised that these rare blood clotting disorders are a very real risk of complication from covid—19 itself, notjust the vaccines. are likely to be published in the same week next year. the arrangement was put in place for this year to allow time for appeals on grades assessed by teachers. let's get more details on that from our education editor branwen jeffreys. this was

intentions do not pay the road to how i ask effective altruism evangelist. professor of philosophy at oxford university, william mcgasey, william o caskey, professor of philosophy at oxford university and the co founder of the center for effective altruism. surely, great to have you with us today. welcome to our show will face via thank you for inviting me on. so alright, so the movement here are associated with is called effective altruism. i mean, the very notion of effective altruism makes me wonder, can altruism be ineffective? or even harmful and what cases? yes. so i think sadly isn't very often is ineffective or even harmful. so there are many attempts where people find do some of good actually end up achieving very little or just receiving far less than they could have done. so for example, a program in the united states called schedule takes juvenile delinquents and shows them round pins in order to scan them out of a life of crime. but this has been studied many times over and actually it turns out that this program increases the rates of criminal activity among those teenagers in the years f

of the covid pandemic patellas, adding the co creator of the oxford astrazeneca vaccine, sara gilbert. gilbert is also a professor at the universityxford. she is seen with her auburn hair pant suit and glasses. gilbert is still absorbing the idea of herself as a barbie. it says she hopes this gives young girls inspiration to pursue careers in science. mattel is making a donation to wise women in science and engineering brunt nonprofit in gilbert's honor for her covid-19 vaccine achievement. people attending the upcoming stern grove festival can the shots will be administered in partnership with kaiser permanente starting this sunday. the show features thunder cat and dj shortcut people who get the vaccine at stern grove can also reserve a spot for the next and final concert and their second dose featuring local favorites tower of power and too short. five year old boy in the central valley got a big surprise from his favorite old navy store near fresno. heath harlow says his favorite thing at the store is the dog magic and the display with the mccanns with the mannequins right up front. but on a recent visit to the store with his

it's currently in development by the pharmaceutical company, astrazeneca at the university of oxford. a look at this. scientists in south korea have developed a robot that can camouflage itself to match its background like a real kamil yun the company uses materials more similar to biological systems instead of hard materials such as metal and plastic as this tiny kamil yun robot calls across the colored background. you can see it changes the colors to match the background. the company says the technology could someday be used in the military and fashion and auto industry, maybe even in the weather department they would that be nice to have a different color suit every from one screen to ever have to worry about going shopping there you go. that would be ideal. this up. one last check of the weather outside tonight. that fog is streaming on shore. we're going to see that tomorrow morning. >> going to be nice to have it, though. we'll see a lot of sunshine, even in the san francisce planet temperatures. they're generally in the 60's couple patches of side will keep those numbers a litt

with dr gail carson, deputy chair of the global 0utbreak alert and response network at the university of oxforduntries in the world out of 194 have around 75% of the covid—19 vaccines. yet, about half of the world's population are in middle income countries and they've only received around 70% or have been able to distribute about 70% of covid—19 vaccines. so, my point and the point of many of my colleagues as well is that this is a global crisis and we have to weigh up global crisis and we have to weigh up the evidence that is available in the global context. we have to be trying to focus on saving lives. globally because number one, that is obviously the right thing to do. but also to reduce the risk of variance of concern developing in areas of the world where there is an intense transmission. the who estimates that 200 health care workers have been pretty gearing this pandemic globally which my background is a connection and ifind globally which my background is a connection and i find that staggering. connection and i find that staggering-— connection and i find that stanerina. , ., , stag

it comes after a petition last year by a university of oxford rower who called the dress code "draconianghts under canvas, you'll know the relief of getting back into your own bed. that's a feeling max woosey has not experienced in well over a year. the 11—year—old from devon hasjust spent his 500th night in the great outdoors to raise money for charity. andrew plant went to see how he was marking the occasion. hi, i'm max. this is my home. as you can see, i've got all my teddies. he hasn't slept indoors since march last year. after 499 nights in a tent... ..max is treating himself tonight, building his very own log cabin instead. so, you've done 499 nights in a tent, but your 500th is under wood. is that going to be weird? no, cos, like... ..i'm in this and... ..i've built this pretty well. but you know what? we've got a little tarp, so if it does rain, then i won't get soaked. i thought for my 500th night, it'd be a bit more crazy and a bit more fun. max was inspired by his next—door neighbour, who was dying of cancer. rick gave him a tent and told him to have an adventure. max decided

however the researchers, led by the university of oxford, found the risk of such problems was still muchrrespondent naomi grimley reports. as more of us get vaccinated, britain's scientists are learning more about the possible side effects that come with getting jabbed. but the news is reassuring. according to the study, led by oxford university, for every 10 million people are vaccinated with astrazeneca, an extra 107 would be hospitalised or die from thrombocytopenia, which can cause internal bleeding and haemorrhages. but that's nearly nine times lower than the risks of the same condition following natural infection, and crucially, no higher than with other vaccines such as the flu jab. the astrazeneca vaccine also had a slightly higher risk of blood clots in veins, but again, this was 200 times lower than the risk and if you can't covid. —— court covered. in those receiving the pfizerjab, there was an increased risk of stroke, but this was still 12 times lower than the risks that came infection. the researchers hope it will provide context to some of the headlines over the last few m

we'll continue talking to professor of philosophy at oxford university and the co founder were center of effective altruism william mc ask. he'll stay with us on or military mission against dam. we'll conclude on august 31st. i want some to who did a good to us all the quote, i quoted young george. and i really need proof for my you got to be southern company, southern the cut cut over what was the quote to show me that this was the right weapon against the right hand body. but it was filled out through z o, o z the, the signing of the us tell about agreement. and i laid the groundwork for the road ahead toward a lasting peace in afghanistan. and i know we still need that mcdonalds. and as i have the the is the still large enough to satisfy the ambitions of jeff bezos. you know, it's that its tentacles in so many aspects of the economy. there's nothing that amazon isn't trying to get into to step by step. the amazon empire has extended its grip on the world that was like a duck quacked, like a dog. so amazon looks like monopoly trays like a monopoly makes money like the monopoly behav

of covid. the research, led by oxford university, is the largest survey of covid infection in the uk. naomi grimley reports. for months, the office for national statistics and oxford university have been asking hundreds of thousands of us to do swabs for their research. do you have any symptoms? it's the biggest study of its kind in the world. unlike other studies, which have looked at how effective the vaccines are at keeping people out of hospital, this one has looked at how good they are at preventing any infection by the delta variant. the study showed the pfizerjab had 93% effectiveness two weeks after the second dose, compared to 72% for the astrazeneca vaccine. the researchers say that pfizer's performance then falls faster, and they believe that after four to five months, the two vaccines may converge, having similar effectiveness. i would stress that both the vaccines are still giving really, really good protection. and it's important to remember that actually pfizer starts out at around 15% better effectiveness than astrazeneca, which is far more my thing, then we could ever

of the anecdotes we tell and our story adam smith are for the wealth of nations in 1776 compared to inefficiencies at oxford university in england to the scottish system. one of the things he pointed out is the professors were lazy, the administrators were operating in such a way they thought there was a continuous cash flow. they did not have them deliver anything to the students. children under the students cheated came to class late it's the same patterns received 250 years later are still taking place in the university system for. >> necessary for good job anymore? depends quite a bit on the field. certain college degrees math in the stem fields on the other end of that there are some degrees like in theater you start asking the questions of your spending over the course of your spending may show to college there may not be the type of career path because the job market is not there for those types of degrees. >> in your book cracks in the ivory tower we talk about general education classes quite a bit, why? >> right. jen ed are these classes everybody takes. there is roughly about a third of the college experienc

, deputy director of the reuters institute at and meera selva, deputy director of the reuters institute at oxford universityll of you, thank you for being a part of the programme, especially those who are joining us at anti—social hours wherever you are in the world. steve, i mentioned your story, it makes sense to start with you. working in hong kong since the 19805 through a pretty amazing passage of history. i mentioned the observer, but you have worked for other outlets as well. how widespread has your work been read and consumed? well, i hate to be somebody to create a surprise at the beginning, but actually more recently i have been working for the opposition, the sunday times, but i did indeed come to hong kong with the observer and i was working for them as well as a number of other outlets. more recently i have been working quite intensively, both on television and radio, for radio television hong kong, which is the public broadcaster, and those programmes have been subject to considerable censorship. i was a columnist for apple daily, which was the only remaining opposition newspaper in hong kong.

however, the researchers, led by the university of oxford, found the risk of such problems was stiller a coronavirus infection. the team said the findings showed the "substantial" benefit of vaccination. 0ur health correspondent naomi grimley reports. as more of us get vaccinated, britain's scientists are learning more about the possible side effects that come with getting jabbed. but the news is reassuring. according to this study led by oxford university, for every 10 million people vaccinated with astrazeneca, an extra 107 would be hospitalised or die from thrombocytopenia, which can cause internal bleeding and images. but that is nearly nine times lower than the risks of the same condition following natural infection. and crucially, no higher than with other vaccines such as the flu jab. the astrazeneca vaccine also had a slightly higher risk of blood clots in the veins, but again, this was 200 times lower than the risk if you caught covid. in those receiving the pfizerjob, there was an increased risk of stroke, but this was still 12 times lower than the risks that came with infe

oxford handbook in the u.s. constitution. he's the professor of law at duke university school of law. as a marshals color at oxford university and he own -- earned his j. d. in 2001. just blocker, he's the author of a positive second amendment. writes, regulation, and the future of power. he's published in leading law review such as yale law and the chicago law review and has been cited by the supreme court of the united states. the united states court of appeals. the united states district cold courts and in legislative legal briefs. we are going to begin this morning with darell for the historical work. >> thank you so much for the introduction. thank you to the national history center for this invitation to speak with. you i should start with a disclaimer which is i'm not a historian. i'm a legal academic. i'm a lawyer who is really interested in the way that history influences the way legal doctrine develops. professor cornell, saul is going to be much better and actually speaking with authority and detail on the actual historical regulations. instead i want to offer a kind of fram

of covid. the research, led by oxford university, is the largest survey of covid infection in the uk.but they're equally as effective in the long run. here's our health correspondent. naomi grimley reports. the office for national statistics and oxford university have been asking hundreds of thousands of us to do swabs for their research. do you have any symptoms? it's the biggest study of its kind in the world. unlike other studies, which have looked at how effective the vaccines are at keeping people out of hospital, this one has looked at how good they are at preventing any infection by the delta variant. the study showed the pfizerjab had 93% effectiveness two weeks after the second dose, compared to 72% for the astrazeneca vaccine. the researchers say that pfizer's performance then falls faster, and they believe that after four to five months, the two vaccines may converge, having similar effectiveness. i would stress that both the vaccines are still giving really, really good protection. and it's important to remember that actually pfizer starts out at around 15% better effectiv

oxford handbook of the u.s. constitution. darryl miller is a professor of law at duke university school of law. he was a marshal scholar and oxford. he is the author of "the positive second amendment." he published in leading law reviews such as yale law journal and the university of chicago law review and has been cited by the supreme court of the united states, the united states court of appeals, the united states district courts and in congressional testimony and legal briefs. we will begin this morning with darrell as he noted his work provides some of the historical work. >> thank you so much for that introduction. thanks to the national history center for this invitation to speak to you. i should start with a disclaimer. i'm not a historian. i am a legal academic. i'm a lawyer who is really interested in the way history influences the way legal doctrine develops. professor saul will be better at actually speaking with authority and detail on the actual historical regulations. instead, i want to offer a framing for you about how the supreme court does and may use history to justify its conc

of external threats. guy: always a pleasure to catch up. thank you for your time. george magnus, oxford universityr of research associate. this is bloomberg. ♪ alix: there is still a lot happening in the next 24 hours. at noon the u.s. senate session will open and resume debate on the infrastructure bill. recently republican senator pat toomey said there is a deal among lawmakers on a cryptocurrency tax amendment to the infrastructure bill. this is a big problem in the debate in moving the bill forward. it looks like they may have reached a compromise. it would wind up effectively monitoring crypto exchanges and the taxes put on them. maybe there is a deal. guy: and then we get onto the next round, part two. fascinating to watch. tomorrow softbank out with numbers. iag intercontinental out with numbers as well. coinbase earnings also to watch out for. we are coming to the end of the reporting season. nevertheless have her lifting -- nevertheless heavy lifting still to be done. alix: also democratic senators ron wyden and republican cynthia loomis have said there is a tax on crypto amendment. defin

of the above, to be honest. realistically, we really don't have a handle on this. a study from oxford universityof days ago basically saying the efficacy of the virus wanes just after three months. the belief prior to that was eight months, so booster shots are going to be a necessity. you have a situation where the rest of the world is not vaccinated anywhere near the developed countries, so it is not going to go away anytime soon. at the same time, we need to get economies rolling. while it puts jackson hole in the rearview mirror already, at the end of the day, i think we as americans tend to sort of bet on a little bit more so. we probably are just a little bit crazier than the rest of the world and will come back sooner. [laughter] alix: actually true. guy: but you've got three senators now with breakthrough infections. i wonder whether or not that is being replicated elsewhere. i have to say, that is a heck of a chair you've got. [laughter] alix: where did you get that? guy: it looks like you are being kind of hugged. as the director says in my year, that is a gamers chair. vincent: it is