the determinants of support for terrorism, one of the things that we consistently find is this urbane cosmo pol cosmopolitan middle and upper middle class is most likely to support the militant groups. this goes right in the face that the support for terrorism comes from poverty. to find that w you might have a rising middle class. it might an cosmopolitan middle class but it does not mean that it's a liberal middle class. that's an important difference. >> from what i i've heard over the last five minutes i would think that we're talking about different countries. isn't that part of the problem? you have those who are most liberal, to those who support the taliban, and those who think it needs to go. this complicated character of the state makes it difficult for pakistan's neighbors to interact with pakistan in an consistent way because they're not sure when they talk with the pakistani officials if they're going to be speaking with those who are representing this more liberal notion of pakistan or those who see pakistan's ringal interest. regional interest. there are long narratives about