you very much, see you in a week, bye. the life path of the most mysterious secretary general in the ussrenty-year-old young man from the province comes to another province 1.00 km away to drive tugboats along the volga. there are no special ambitions in this. and looking at these volga expanses, where andropov spent his youth, we still cannot fully understand what motivated him in life as a person, which became a symbol of the kgb, the ussr for only 15 months. stood at the helm of the state, this is the same office that served as a springboard for yuri andropov to the highest post of the country, the central place of great soviet mythology, the office of the chairman of the kgb of the ussr. these myths were empowering. with old-fashioned telephones with magical power, and the man at this table with inhuman power. but few people realized that this office, full of secret power, was not located somewhere in a deep bunker, literally in front of everyone. andropov's office is on the third floor, its windows overlook to zerzhinsky square, now lubyanka, to the main store on the planet for those

the need for such products in the ussr was enormous.the early sixties, only four out of 100 soviet families had a refrigerator. in 1970-43. today, many remember the saratov refrigerator, which was super popular in the ussr. large volume of only 85 liters, single-chamber, almost an inexorable dream of the soviet man, it was almost impossible to buy it, it was produced in small volumes, like refrigerator from the moscow zil plant, but times were changing, the demand for household appliances was becoming high, million-plus enterprises, whose industries worked for consumer needs, were firmly established in life. of the country is awarded a certificate of honor to shatila artyom igorevich. in march 1971, there was a real holiday at the minsk refrigerator plant. the millionth one came off the production line of the enterprise. according to tradition, the gala event is all at the highest level: awards, certificates, honoring the best workers. comrades, now from our party organization and from me personally, a film about the creation of our com

on july 13, 1985, an extremely unpleasant incident for the ussr occurred.s equipped with special electronic equipment for flying in the mountains were hijacked to pakistan by afghan pilots who studied before this in the ussr. the american side promised a million dollars for this hijacking. having received the helicopters, the americans got acquainted with our latest weapons. ours in afghanistan. the army completed all the tasks assigned to it, excellent operations were carried out, such as battles in the gorge, salang, the capture of the torobora fortress, it was a stronghold and transshipment base of the majahideen high in the mountains. this is not a fortress, this is a gorge, it was built in the mountains, there were vines, there were rooms knocked out, there were usually 500 to 600 dushmans there, they had their own water at depth. 70 m, clean, good, calm water , i drank this water, we took this gibberish literally three times, and already on the fourth day we simply defended it, blew up all these passages, approaches, tunnels and so on, but, unfortunat

except. in the country of the ussr they began to process data about our cancer patients on electronicters. these were very large cars. subsequently, this register became standard for the entire soviet union. initially, we set our goals not simply study how many of whom got sick, where, and study what is associated with it. this or that level of medical care, how it can be improved, for the first time a special format for the work of the center was proposed, a department was immediately organized on its basis, this made it possible to combine scientific, research work and treatment, and train young specialists. in the sixties, in belarus , the foundations were actually laid for the effective treatment of cancer, the growth of which was then recorded in almost all countries. these years became a time for the bssr when it consistently occupied a leading position among european countries in the fight against cancer. how these traditions are preserved, how they continue today. and results that until recently were difficult to even predict, results that make it possible to avoid radiation c

at the end of the fifty- third year in the ussr state planning committee there was no time simply tense, it was necessary to consider the issues of construction of large enterprises on the territory of the ussr, all materials were classified, we were talking about fundamentally new... territories of the republic. it is advisable to focus the conversation at a meeting of enterprises on something more than emotional. ukraine is a priority; it was personally lobbied by khrushchev and the bryansk region. as a result , the republic received the oil refinery plant. a decision was made to build it near polotsk, which will later go down in history as the novopolotsk oil refinery. was a decision was made by the ussr state planning committee to locate other large industrial enterprises in belarus. mechanical engineering, defense significance, new developing industry, chemical. the economy of the bssr developed rapidly. what could a strong state provide? this is a strong economy, industry, the development of scientific potential, intellectual potential, creative potential, culture, sports, that is

this style remained popular in the ussr until the end of the soviet era.hat many buildings from the modernist period of the sixties are historical and cultural values. the pioneer cinema, how it has survived to this day, not rebuilt, was made in... in the sixties by the architect zaborsky and levin, it is interesting because it has monumental art, stained glass, mosaic panels, in general, every element there has a meaning, one one of the interesting solutions was the sports palace of architects filimonov and malyshev, built in the sixties, the main thing in this sports palace... was the creation of a huge transforming internal space, this was done precisely thanks to new technology, these are cable-stayed structures that made it possible to block this huge span, the use of very powerful elements and a concrete structure, like a support, well, this is an excellent engineering calculation, that is, such a huge building with a huge span for that time, for the seventies this is... a big breakthrough. decades later, the sports palace building remains original t

family: culture, sports, weather, but the main thing was politics, economics, the achievements of the ussr in various spheres of the national economy. at the same time , another obligatory topic appeared on central television: regional news. there were wonderful, positive programs, the mood of the people was also somehow so optimistic, keep in mind that after such a war the country is recovering, factories, factories, everything was destroyed, it was necessary restore everything. then the message that on june 7, 1958, the first builders arrived in the village of sloboda, not far from the city of polotsk, in the belarusian ssr, became important for the republic. it was they who had to begin to implement ambitious plans to create the largest oil refinery in the ussr, and the republic of a new direction in industry, an oil refinery. people and workers were brought in by boats, here are tents. were in one tent for the foreman, there were others, i don’t remember the names of all these, but there were four or five tents there in the summer of 1958 for the residents of a small village... sloboda

on july 13, 1985, something extremely unpleasant for the ussr happened. incident.h special electronic equipment for flying in the mountains were hijacked to pakistan by afghan pilots. who previously studied in the ussr. the american side promised a million dollars for this hijacking. having received the helicopters, the americans got acquainted with our latest weapons. our army is in afghanistan. completed the tasks assigned to it, excellent operations were carried out, such as battles in the gorge, salang, the capture of the torabora fortress, it was a stronghold and transshipment base of the majahideen high in the mountains, this is not a fortress, this is a gorge, it was built in the mountains, there were vines, there were rooms knocked out, there were usually from 500 to 600 dushmans there, they had their own water at a depth of 70. but the political processes that began to occur like an avalanche in the soviet union, perestroika, and the collapse of the country led to the decision to withdraw troops from afghanistan. it was a well-thought-out, executed operati

yuri andropov, head the ussr offered him a member's chair.itburo was included in the team that was supposed to come up with a plan for the country’s transition to a market economy. it was an interesting creative period, reforms were prepared, but mikhail gorbachev already announced them. under him, ryshkov becomes chairman of the council of ministers. formally, he is on gorbachev’s team, but it is difficult to call them like-minded people. nikolai ryshkov would later call the years 1988-90 the most difficult time of his life. young economists offer a mythical concept. i’m ready to throw myself head first like that, as much as i could, i said, listen , come to your senses, remember what you are doing, it means you will die if you follow this path, no, you, enough, enough, that means we will put things in order ourselves, we will live richly, not like that , as with you, nikolai ryshkov, as the head of government, suffered the most difficult stories of the era of the late ussr. april 26, 1986, an accident at... ryshkov became the only non-armen

in the ussr they believe that in afghanistan it is necessary to bring a loyal character to power, thesuitable. in 1978, after the outbreak of the civil war, he was sent as ambassador to czechoslovakia. they were not going to kill amin, but to push him aside. on the democratic party of afghanistan, the soviet union begins to send a limited contingent of troops into the country. us president jimi carter signs a secret order to... financing the afghan rebels, $2 billion has been allocated for this, this is the so-called operation faraday, the initial stage of the war. in the same way , the british intelligence service mi-6 was involved in the recruitment, training of spirits, and financing. this is how the mujahideen, participants in jihad, appeared. the official authorities who were subordinate to bobrak called them dushmans. the soviet military shortened the word "spirits". ours are at war with spirits. they had already tested a method of influence, the so-called method of civil resistance, which became one of the foundations of what is now called the method of color revolutions. musli

was they who were to begin to implement ambitious plans to create the largest oil refinery in the ussrepublic of a new direction in industry, oil refinery workers were brought in by boats, there were tents, in one tent there was for the foreman, there others, i don’t remember the names of all of them, but there were four or five tents. in the summer of 1958, for the residents of the small village of sloboda, which was located not far from polotsk, life changed dramatically. people arrived here every day and from all over the soviet union. the head of the construction department radioed polotsk, they were needed. additional building materials. right there at the next makeshift table was the personnel department, behind which the registration of new arrivals at the construction site was carried out. the committee is located in the farthest corner komsomol. for now it consisted of komsomol and his two assistants, but this did not stop the work. particular attention to visual propaganda, ready-made posters calling on komsomol members to join... in the all-union construction project and a n

footage chronicling military parades in the ussr.could do without demonstrating the achievements of military equipment, such as the maz-535a ballastless tractor, created at the min. car plant. in terms of its technical characteristics, it has become unique and has found widespread use among troops for transporting artillery systems. exactly it carried formidable soviet missiles across red square, the appearance of which so frightened a potential enemy. the capabilities of the unique machine expanded. in 1959 , a new history of skb-1 began. the ussr began creating the first guided operational-tactical missile temp with a flight range of 600 km. a completely new maz-543 car was created at the minsk automobile plant as a missile launcher. he turned out to be so perfect. but even so, precisely to solve the problems that we pilots need. created in fifties, sixties, various modifications of the heavy wheeled tractor found wide application in the military sphere for decades to come. our products are widely presented for the needs of the min

bssr the nuclear program was a component of the ussr atomic project.know, began in the pre-war period. the soviet union for almost decades went from the first scientific developments to the creation of the atomic bomb, which became. nuclear weapons, a new form , grandfather doesn’t just go to the test site, he participates directly in the tests, and there are photographs where after the explosion, directly, that is, nuclear dust, it’s in the air, instead of sitting in the bunker, he comes out looks, and there is a notebook in which the grandfather writes down his thoughts on how nuclear weapons can... affect human health, and he indicates 25% less exposure to radiation, if you are in an open space, if you are in a wooden house, then there is an impact, but the greatest impact is in a stone and granite house, in fact, even then they thought that radiation, well, let’s say, could have a bad effect on human health. at the same time, the military’s developments began to be used for peaceful purposes. in the sixties , nuclear energy in belarus was born. the

the 1987 program was a surprise and a complete surprise for the residents of the ussr.was broadcast live not from the television center, as was customary, and from the belarusian collective farm sovetskaya belorussia , kamyanetsky district of the brez region. this was the first time in the soviet union. it was difficult to believe that just a few decades ago the collective farm was considered not just lagging behind, but licking, as they say, on the shoulder blades. it was difficult to believe. 1955 year, the central committee of the communist party of belarus issued an appeal to farmers to lead the lagging collective farms in the republic. it was possible to raise the economy from the ruins, but in general the situation remained difficult: lack of equipment, farms, many of which were in decline, low milk yields, low yields. there were a lot of people willing to go to work in the lagging economy. for many, an example was the collective farm rassvet in myshkovichi, which was transformed in a few years. into a strong economy, among the volunteers was twenty-nine-year-old

in 1922, when the ussr was being established, the bolshevik started building the ussr and established the soviet new crane, which had never existed before. styling insisted that those republics be included in the ussr as autonomous entities. for some inexplicable reasons, lennon is the founder of the soviet state, insisted that they'd be entitled to withdraw from the ussr. and again, for some unknown reasons, he transferred to that newly established soviet republic of ukraine. some of the lands together with people living there. even though those lands had never been called ukraine, and yet they were made part of that soviet republic of ukraine. those lands included the black sea region, which was received under catherine the great and which had no historical connection with ukraine whatsoever. even if we go as far back to 1654, when these lands return to the russian empire, that territory was the size of 3 to 4 regions of modern ukraine with no black sea region. that was completely out of the question. you obviously encyclopedic knowledge of this region, but why didn't you make this

when the ussr was being established, the bolsheviks started building the ussr and established the soviet ukraine, which had never existed before starting insisted that those republics be included in the ussr as autonomous entities. for some inexplicable reasons, lennon, the founder of the soviet state, insisted that they'd be entitled to withdraw from the ussr. and again, for some unknown reasons, he transferred to that newly established soviet republic of ukraine. some of the lands together with people living there. even though those lands had never been called ukraine, and yet they were made part of that soviet republic of ukraine. those lands included the black sea region, which was received under kathrine the great and which had no historical connection with ukraine whatsoever. even if we go as far back to 1654, when these lands return to the russian empire, that territory was the size of 3 to 4 regions of modern ukraine with no black sea region. that was completely out of the question. in 1654. exactly. i'm just, i mean, you obviously encyclopedic knowledge of this region. but why d

members of the politburo of the cpsu central committee and the minister of foreign affairs of the ussrr first secretary of the ukrainian party was sherbitsky and the leningrad afkom romanov, obviously also because it was the kiev and leningrad military districts in the caribbean crisis, they supplied personnel for a group of soviet troops in cuba, as well as the minister of civil aviation bugaev. oh, cuba and civil aviation, i personally have something very sentimental about it. these frames show family newsreels, the author of this film. in 1972, i was born in cuba into the brilev family of olga and boris. my father in havana was an air export translator; there was then a foreign trade association that supplied our civil aircraft to the island airline cubana. it seems like the father appears on the chronicle at the government residence of el laguito, where that day he clearly translated for minister bugaev, but also met fidel and brezhnev. here is ernest chagevara, a little further, kamilos infegos, then further on is some kind of ownerless national library, then they hung a huge port

, the ukrainian ussr developed and the bolsheviks also, for some reason, incomprehensibly reasons, theyzation there , well, not only because there were immigrants from ukraine in the leadership of the soviet union, but in general there was such a policy of karenization, indigenization, it was called, this applied to ukraine and other union republics, national languages, national culture were introduced, that. in general, in principle, of course, not bad, but this is how soviet ukraine was created, and after world war ii they also received ukraine, they received another part, not only polish ones, before the war, territories, today western ukraine, part of the hungarian territories and part of the romanian ones, they also took part of the territories from romania from hungary, they became part of soviet ukraine and are still there. therefore, we have every reason to say that in this sense, of course , ukraine is, in a certain sense , an artificial state created by the will of stalin, but what do you think, does hungary have the right to take away its lands and other nations, can they tak

the olympic program , in the ussr there is none at all, but this call actually disappeared, that is, almost a new story, literally the story of this year, before that, in my opinion, no one i didn’t publish this, suddenly in 1935 it turned out that in the ussr, despite the fact that there is no puck hockey and never has been, there are already many good hockey players, puck players, like this, from where, yes, from, here... these were all former residents of harbin, that is, they were either former employees of the chinese eastern railway roads, yes, which at that moment we had already ceded, or the children of these employees who moved to the soviet union, who already knew the rules, who had clubs, who already had experience playing in various competitions, we are ready, we are ready to support this initiative, look, we already have the whole country, but there are two dozen hockey players there, that is, this is the influence of china , yes, this is such, well, now this can now be directly tied to so very boldly. well, what, this is khorbin, but still, although there were guys who

they were given full security guarantees to contain the ussr. ukraine has nothing to do with that. aspect of the ukrainian conflict played out far, far away from the scene in ecuador. a dispute arose between moscow and china, which showed another facet of the modern way of conducting diplomacy. ecuador is the largest exporter of bananas in the world and the main supplier of this product to russia, which in fact is a grass. they buy it from us even more often than apples. pears. last year , ecuador supplied 75 million boxes to the russian market, which is more than 95% of our country’s total need for bananas. against this background, the news about the restriction of exports to russia by five out of twenty ecuadorian companies shocked local suppliers. during the inspection of the next batch, rosselkhoznadzor detected in it the larvae of the polyphagous humpback fly, a dangerous pest and a potential carrier of cholera. and a day later, representatives of the organization reported a violation phytosanitary requirements for the supply of flowers fro

on incidents with air-launched nuclear supplies in the ussr little is known.y may not have happened, unlike submarine or ballistic missile incidents. but american strategic aviation has firmly secured its leadership in this discipline. in the forties, the air force was the only branch of the military that received sufficient funding as the main carrier of the nuclear threat in the event. pilots need to train, and for this purpose the planes often flew with a full combat load, that is, with nuclear bombs, versions of why they didn’t use a lot of mock-ups, but none gives a comprehensive answer. the design of the bomb was made to be as reliable as possible and resistant to low- skilled specialists. a separate capsule that triggered a chain reaction and caused a nuclear explosion was not installed, but the detonation of a high-explosive weapon was installed. this happened not far from a warehouse with nuclear weapons, the bomb detonated and exploded, but the plutonium core was missing, so instead of a nuclear explosion , the area was contaminated and the explosion

they were given full security guarantees to contain the ussr.tuation with ukraine has nothing in common with that one. it's in full swing on its territory. war, the very structure of nato does not imply guarantees for 2/3 of the country, through stripes of gray zones, demetrized zones, there is nato responsibility here, there is no responsibility here, the problems that will arise in the event of accepting a country with unfixed borders and incomplete territorial control are greater than those that will try to do this to solve, and it seems to me that this will not suit russia at all, but if this does not suit russia, then it will try to achieve changes, whatever it will put in place. professor kimidzh correctly understands that russia will not be happy with this. the world is entering the third year of the crisis without a plan b. a military solution remains the only one, although ideas about it are changing. apparently, as popular wisdom says, we will count in the fall. a non-trivial aspect of the ukrainian conflict. manifested itself far, far

about 800 large enterprises were built by the ussr on polish territory.iations, stalin managed to convince the devil. ussr after world war ii, the romanians received back their province of transylvania, which hitler took away in favor of hungary. bulgaria, through the mediation of joseph stalin, kept it for itself. suppress the ukrainian people, inside it allows you to study the ukrainian language, ukrainian culture, why does he annex territories to it? well, then return the western part of the country, plus lviv, to the poles, ivano-frankivsk and ternopil, because these cities were included by an independent aggressor into the ukrainian ussr in 1939, romania, the chernivtsi region, it went to the ukrainian ssr on august 2, 1940, and hungary or slovakia received transcarpathia. june 9, 1945. by the way, the current head of square, being a showman, even played out a similar scenario. and did avakov help you get your money back? yes, yes, great idea. avakov was offered to sell the chernivtsi region to romania. i'm sorry, what? have you sold the chernivtsi r

central committee of the party of the soviet union adopted a resolution on issues of the belarusian ussrlution, potolichev was removed from his post for making a mistake in pursuing national policy in the republic. following in the footsteps of this resolution. but also representatives of local party and state bodies, including, for example, vasily korsh spoke out and supported the candidacy of patul even mazurov, that is, there was support not only at the top, but at the local level, and this despite the fact that the all-powerful bere was still in power, after stalin’s death he suddenly became concerned about the problem of nomination. “this was the first time in the history of the communist party of the soviet union, when the central committee made a decision to remove the secretary of the party, local people met with bayonets this resolution and adopted a resolution to cancel this resolution of the higher body. at all stages of development, the republic demonstrated a principled position on issues that concerned the interests of the bssr. the beginning of the fifties became a difficu

belarus confidently declared itself as a large industrial region of the ussr, where giant enterprisesnd operating. at one time, of course, a wonderful decision was made for belarus: to build one oil refinery and build a second oil refinery. there has always been good science, good economics, from a point of view. how belarus coped with the difficult task of building a fundamentally new production facility for the republic in reports central belarusian television of that period. all the most significant events that took place in the bssr at that time, they, of course, were in the center of attention of this young media. not a single major economic construction, factory, or plant was spared by the television crews; they constantly covered the progress of this kind of construction. the attention to the oil refinery in novopolotsk is a special, unique enterprise; in terms of scale and output, there are no equals either in the soviet union or in europe. about success the polotsk oil refinery was reported in the first program in 1962 by central television. i started working. but how the con

the result of a clear demonstration of its power was the beginning of negotiations between the ussr, and great britain on limiting nuclear tests on earth, in space and under water. the first of such agreements was the moscow treaty of 1963, and at our... exposition there is a television studio where footage of the signing of this agreement is broadcast, and also colleagues who were involved in creating the exposition created a whole signing hall, where our visitors have the opportunity to sign the moscow treaty of 1963 and join them. the floor above presents realities relating to the second half of the 20th century. the space is called the time of the first, it is dedicated to the peaceful atom, the active development of which has given rise to the development of many independent sectors of the country's economy and industry. the atom has always been a bomb and energy, but over almost 80 years of the history of the nuclear industry, it has accumulated enormous potential and vastness. potential that is beginning to grow in different directions. at the center of the exhibition are dome

in the ussr, the need for forestry, paper and wood processing enterprises was initially huge.e pre-war period, the industry was the leading one in the belarusian economy, accounting for more than 30% in total volume. it suffered the most during the occupation, but it was actually... the main one in the restoration of the national economy. forest in the bloodless republic is the main building material. logging plans were carried out with shock pace. in december 1949, at the bogdanovsky timber industry enterprise, the party cell meeting discussed the initiative of electric sawyer joseph gudilin. he proposed launching competitions for the best use of mechanisms and early implementation of the logging plan. there were a lot of questions, but gudilin stood his ground. the proposal to the communists of lespromkhoz is a deliberate and conscious step. speaking to his comrades, gudelin put everything into perspective. how to organize work more efficiently, thereby saving time, how to benefit the business use mechanisms. another argument was also convincing: the republic’s enterprises j

ussr at the lenin central stadium in moscow.t, by the way, the parade of athletes took place on red square, but now it was customary to march and walk synchronously at the stadium. the spartakiad in 1959 became even more noticeable because the athletes , who, as you know, represented various national republics of a large state, were at... a sports forum and their fans could recognize them, but the rsfsr team performed without a similar logo, but the arena were constantly decorated with motivating quotes that probably inspired athletes to perform great... sporting feats, of course, and grandfather vladimir ilyich lenin, along with the audience, was a constant participant in the action in the stands. also in 1963, in the wake of the cosmic splash , rockets were launched into space from the stadium, and theatrical performances began to gain momentum and were constantly being improved. for example, in 1967, at the kirov stadium in leningrad, gymnasts made out the number 50 in honor of the anniversary of the revolution. the cultural

and you are accused of distributing drugs on the territory of the ussr. myers likes to pawn him by the collar, that's what they say. exactly. i think it's just delirium tremens. according to our information, mars is under the influence of a strong narcotic substance. and this was found on him. those who are far away, but are ready to overcome any distance to be close with their. loved ones, we believe that if a dream exists, it must come true, sberbank will help you realize everything you have planned, there’s a container with diamonds for an hour, mayers has a container with an encrypted message, someone exchanged diamonds for information in moscow, the question is who has whom, the cia for sure , the city is their agent? that’s who our codebreakers have broken their heads, well, they can’t solve this message, where it’s unlikely to work without a key, after all, why would such an unreliable cia channel, its own station in moscow, in berlin, be sent by mail, well let's say they suspected an information leak and decided to use a backup channel, maybe in t

relations between former allies the ussr and the usa are rapidly deteriorating.etween the two superpowers is intensifying. the difficult years of the cold war and the arms race are shown in the limited space of the exhibition through peaceful life and everyday life. the symbolic apartment is divided into two equal halves - the soviet american one. we talk about how people lived, that they... tried to improve their way of life, and here we have household items that were collected in our country and brought from united states of america, original items, they were bought at auctions, from collectors, colleagues who were involved in creating exhibitions were in a hurry to collect it all, to install it all for the opening of the pavilion, so that visitors could have it. opportunity to join in. the original televisions of that time featured black and white newsreels. archival newspapers and magazines are laid out on the coffee tables; they are also real, as are furniture, books, dishes and household appliances. on the walls of each room there are drawings illustrating

in '57, the shimyakin family returned to the ussr. mikhail entered art school at the leningrad institute. painting, sculpture and architecture named after repin, but was disqualified for a worldview that did not correspond to the norms of socialist realism. he worked as a laboratory assistant, a laborer and a loader in armitage, while simultaneously being creative. in the late sixties, shimyakin created the art group petersburg together with his friend, philosopher vladimir ivanov, and developed the philosophical direction of metaphysical synthetism. which became one of the fundamental ones in shimyakin’s artistic aesthetics. in in sixty-nine, the first foreign exhibition took place in one of the galleries in new york; in seventy-one, after forced treatment in a psychiatric hospital, the artist was deprived of soviet citizenship and expelled from the ussr. shimyakin settled in france, where he quickly gained fame. at 74 he showed the watercolor cycle “st. petersburg carnival” at an exhibition. and... usa after 8 years received america

the 1987 program came as a surprise and a complete surprise to the residents of the ussr.s broadcast live not from a television center, as was customary, but from a belarusian collective farm. the party committee of belarus issued an appeal to farmers to lead the lagging collective farms in republic, it was possible to raise the economy from ruins, but in general the situation remained difficult: lack of equipment, farms, many of which are in decline, low milk yields, low yields, people willing to go to work in the lagging economy. it turned out there were quite a few, for many an example was the collective farm rassvet in myshkovichi, which they managed to turn into a strong farm in a few years. among the volunteers was twenty-nine-year-old vladimir leontievich bedulya, later twice a hero of socialist labor. at that time he took over the farm in a deplorable state: no equipment, no cattle, no... milking herd, when he arrived from the post of second secretary of the brezsky city committee of the komsomol, one of the leaders told him: we don’t have chairmen, we need chairme

the ussr economy developed dynamically, at an accelerated pace. needed raw materials for almost all sectors of the national economy. working in large quarries with small trucks was becoming unprofitable. with the development of mountain industry. there was a need to create appropriate equipment, including in the soviet union. that is why the decision was made to create a plant for the production of mining dump trucks. the majority of members of the presidium of the council of ministers of the ussr were inclined to build it directly where mining was going on. the urals were considered as the main site, and this was logical. but preference was given to belarus. finally, the fate of the new automobile plant was decided by kasygin’s arrival in the republic. primary goal - visiting an automobile production facility in the small belarusian town of zhodina, not far from minsk. the belarusian leadership has always sought to invite to the republic those who had the last word. that's how it was when. the arguments of the belarusians that there is oil in the

in the sixties, novopolotsk turned into a major industrial center of the ussr, a large industrial city, a hub in the north of the republic. thanks to television, the country recognized new heroes. journalists have always strived. talk about working people, about their contemporaries, who lived not just, so to speak, by some personal experiences, personal achievements, personal successes, but also, above all, thought about how their work helps the development of the country, while the republic rushed forward, together over time and... i am belarusian, i am overjoyed. on this cossack land, between the forests and the pushchad dziks, hell lived for a long time, i am belarusian, i am proud that i have this name, and the good glory of belarus is known forever, i am belarusian, and i am happy you, what mother gave me that i can smell the songs of my relatives from a distance, i’m belarusian, and at least this... no, i’m too small, but i’ll say, i come from a tribe of pakornas and i won’t give a damn about hell. hello, this is a project with you, everything is clear with marina karaman, where

why did khrushchev still decide to transfer crimea from the ussr, from the ussr?out. khrushchev wanted to transfer crimea to ukraine, this was motivated by the fact that since it is economically located next to ukraine, let it be ukraine, but in this way ukraine received absolutely unrelated lands of the population, which was never ukrainian. it was not, in fact, the same as before, this happened with freedom, that is , kharkov, with the donetsk regions. well, about the fact that the transfer process itself was illegal, in russia has been told for a long time, so in the ninety -second year the supreme council of the russian federation even adopted a resolution on the legal assessment of the decisions of the highest bodies of state power of the rsfsr on changing the status of crimea, in which they recognized them as having no legal force..., but yeltsin and his government are serious about this did not react. only after 2014 they started talking about this again. the head of the crimean parliament, vladimir konstantinov, has repeatedly stated that the transfer of c

, in fact, the fact that there were not only citizens of the ussr, this did not allow the harbin residentsthat many of them simply during the great terror in 37-38 they were shot as japanese spies, interestingly, latvia is as independent. puck, that is, these rare publications in the press are actually rare there, well , students at the institute of physical education there for several hours were simply explained to them that there is such a game, they play it there in the olympics, in canada there is something like that, but there is no ice hockey, in fact, why after the war suddenly where did canadian hockey come from, in general the word sport even appeared - it began to be used in the name of our main sports departments only in 1936, but we have physical education, yeah. and before the revolution and after and after the revolution, but the task before the sport was different, you see, we did not compete, we did not participate in the olympics, we did not participate in the world championships in any sport, we competed only with work teams, we must slowly move towards joining the olympi

in '57, the shimyakin family returned to the ussr. mikhail entered... the direction of metaphysical synthetism, which became one of the fundamental ones in shimyakin’s artistic aesthetics. in sixty-nine, the first foreign exhibition took place in one of the galleries in new york; in seventy-one, after forced treatment in a psychiatric hospital, the artist was deprived of his soviet citizenship expelled from the ussr. shimyakin settled in france, where he quickly gained fame. in seventy-four he showed at the exhibition: the watercolor cycle st. petersburg carnival, and 3 years later he published the almonac apollo 77, which became a kind of collective manifesto of nonconformist artists. in 1981 , he came to the united states and after 8 years received american citizenship. in the ussr, shimyakin was recognized again during perestroika. in the eighty-ninth year in moscow, in the central house of the artist , a retrospective exhibition of his works was held for the first time. among famous sculptures by mikhail shemyak and monuments to f

it seems to me that it is very symbolic that it almost completely repeats the quality mark of the ussr is another confirmation that in belarus they respect the tradition that made us stronger. is also being decided jointly, today we say that in belaz, in the structure of belaz components, there is a significant share of russian manufacturers, and we see how engines are being replaced, even for heavy trucks high line, in the near future it will be more and more, manufacturers from russia, we know that amkador, belkomonmash, maz are in production. minsk tractor plant, a significant part of the components are from russia, as is the metal , almost all the metal comes from the russian federation, this is what is more in demand today, it is successful, this is high-quality work, high-quality work in the contract, high-quality work taking into account the interests of the partner , high-quality work in accounting for the obligations that are taken aside on each other, the key direction of bilateral relations is production. extremely little and should not influence in principle, as for the bud

the usa and the ussr were already reaching tens of thousands.s security, the less national security of the united states and the soviet union, the less security for planet earth. in 1983 hearings in the us congress, astrophysicist carl sagan, along with other american scientists, said that further increase in nuclear arsenals is pointless. the use of even a third of the warheads already stockpiled. nuclear earth on the planet and the destruction of civilization. american colleagues were supported by soviet scientists. mathematician vladimir aleksandrov used soviet american supercomputers to calculate the inevitability and consequences of nuclear winter. in the united states, temperatures will drop by 30-40° celsius within 40 days. this means that in july there will be about 30° below zero. approximately the same picture can be observed. on the territory of the ussr. in scandinavia , temperatures will drop to -50°. in saudi arabia it will also be 50° below zero, like in eastern siberia. mathematical models by vladimir aleksandrov showed that the

the nuclear program was a component of the ussr atomic project. known that they began in the pre-war period. in almost decades, the soviet union went from the first scientific developments to the creation of the atomic bomb, which became the most powerful deterrent to any aggression against the country. from the use of the atom for military purposes to its peaceful applications. back then, in the fifties, almost everything was for the first time. a lot was recorded on the spot, what is called burning traces, a lot was experienced on ourselves. as the curator of the creation of nuclear weapons, a new form, grandfather does not just go out. participate directly in the tests, and there are photographs where after the explosion , directly, that is, nuclear dust, it’s in the air, instead of sitting in the bunker, he goes out and looks, and there is a notebook in which grandfather writes down his thoughts about how nuclear weapons can affect human health, and he points to... military began to be used for peaceful purposes. in the sixties, nuclear energy

the ussr helped cuba a lot.es was a very good time. the seventies and eighties are the happiest times. yes, i wish it were like that today. today, tourists at resorts often do not expect this. they have a beach and entertainment here a very nice holiday, even despite the long flight distance. many people try to come back here again because it’s beautiful, but in a parallel way, actually.

ago, the last soviet soldiers crossed the amu darya along the friendship bridge, which connected the ussr afghanistan. the troops marched out according to a clear plan in marching columns with unfurled banners. the afghan war is over, it cost the lives of almost 15 thousand soviet military personnel. our compatriots fought as part of a limited contingent. more than 30 thousand families sent their sons to fulfill their international duty in... we are already going through life together, there are people who could not find themselves in this life, so we are trying to help them, we recently bought a bed for a disabled person of the first group, it is quite expensive, ours turned, did, helped, in total to belarus and 21,000 internationalist soldiers, they fulfilled their duty to the end in afghanistan, the ussr left there behind new plants, factories, schools, hospitals, roads, airfields, hydroelectric gas pipelines. now afghan veterans are making an invaluable contribution to ensuring the security of belarus and using their heroic examples to teach the current generation of military personne

the ussr economy developed dynamically, at an accelerated pace. needed raw materials for almost all industries farms. work in large quarries with small ones. with the development of the mining industry in the soviet union. that is why there was a need to create appropriate equipment, including the decision to create a plant for the production of mining dump trucks. the majority of members of the presidium of the council of ministers of the ussr were inclined to build it directly where mining was going on. the urals were considered as the main site, and this was logical, but preference was given to belarus. finally, the fate of the new automobile plant was decided by kasygin’s arrival in the republic. the main goal is to visit an automobile production facility in the small belarusian town of zhodina, not far from minsk. the belarusian leadership has always strived. to invite to the republic those who had the last word, this was the case when the visit of the minister of geology of the soviet union put an end to the feasibility of oil production in

over the ussr by analogy with the denazification of defeated germany, so that we renounce our fathersprive the current non-soviet russia of its undeserved, in quotes, place in the un security council and its criminal, in quotes, nuclear missile potential, revise it unfair borders, in quotes, to force her to share her ill-gotten natural... wealth, because russia got it all from the damned ussr, in a nutshell, so that we pay and repent, us want. to hear from the lips of those people who have the right attitude towards what i just spoke about, or what, in my opinion, this is the text of andrei medvedev, andrei medvedev is a journalist from vgtrk, listen to what he writes, i will read this publication , not entirely, individual fragments of it, in my opinion, are the most important, if i had to... speak in the bundestag as the boy kolya, then i would probably say the following words: dear deputies, today i saw a miracle, and this is a miracle called germany. i walked to you and looked at the beautiful berlin streets with people, wonderful architectural monuments, and now i’m standing here

the ussr began creating the first guided operational-tactical missile temp with a flight range of 600ely new car, the mas-543, was created at the minsk automobile plant as a missile launcher. it turned out to be so perfect that even today in different modifications are produced serially. almost all brands of cars produced at the minsk plant turned out to be reliable. the created samples - mas-543 and mas-547 continued their use in other missile systems; they housed equipment for other purposes; more precisely, the machines were already used as air defense systems. on maspa 43m the c300 complex was disintegrated, they were simple, reliable , they had good documentation, the main components had good access, that is, we used these machines, as they say, 100%, we always knew that minsk technology is reliable technology, not only as a machine, but also precisely for solving the problems that our pilots need. various modifications of the heavy wheeled tractor created in the fifties and sixties found wide application in the military sphere for decades. our products are widely represented for