. >> host: professor valerie matsumoto 1920 through 1950 your fascination coming japanese americans did not get citizenship intel 1950 to? to make just a first generation because of the birthright citizenship so if they could gain title to news of the and they could participate. >> host: total california girls? >> guest: absolutely. this group was founded under the auspices of the union church affiliated with the ywca they had parties and dances they're very good dancers and also very active with social surface -- service. to talk about clubs in general think about that twenties a and '30's were a difficult period of racial inclusion and for young people there were not always welcome and extracurricular activities and organizations. but in terms of well level of acceptance. but i think the fact there were 400 used clubs. >> host: what is a long-term effect? >> guest: these were not just in southern california they went from los angeles of the way choose san diego but it was tremendously important wondering why they could rebuild during world war ii. i think of course, the hardships i th

. >> host: valerie matsumoto, when did japanese immigration to the united states began and really take off? >> guest: well, the first to come or students in the 1890s and they were seeking western tip knowledge he nhtsa knowledge to strengthen imperial rule. but actually they were soon followed by a huge number of workers who are looking for economic opportunities. so the first went to hawaii, but by the 1900s, more were coming to the continental united states. >> host: how big was that wave? >> guest: we are talking -- it is easy to work backwards, but by the eve of world war ii, there were 125,000 japanese-americans cover 22 thirds of whom were american war and in the continental united states and about 150,000 in hawaii. post go again, on the eve of world war ii, 120,000 japanese americans in the united states. just as there were several thousand in the east coast. >> guest: eisai means literally first-generation. it refers to the japanese immigrants. nisei been second-generation and it refers to the u.s. generation american-born children. >> host: so is there a third-generation as

for faster valerie matsumoto is the author. >> of next coming ucla's jorja leap talks about her book "jumped in." this 20 minute interview was recorded at ucla and is part of the booktv college series. >> host: "jumped in" is the name of the book. jorja leap of ucla is the author. "jumped in: what gangs taught me about violence, drugs, love, and redemption." professor leap, where two games teach you and how? >> guest: well, it depends on which of those who want to begin with. but what they tied me more than anything without there's very little difference between all of us. i know that sounds almost like a clichÉ, but what i derive them continue to learn from the time i spend with them as they are not that different from any of the rest of us in terms of their dreams for their ideas. somewhere along the way they took a different turn. >> host: how long have you been working with james? >> guest: the second question is interesting and leads me into the first. it depends on who you are talking to. if you go to the lapd or line for a snack, they have a strict definition of what a. three