the british delegation to versailles came to versailles with a list and an agenda to limit american seapowerwe will talk about that. you probably go, the americans and british our allies. why should the british worry about limiting the americans? remember, until the united states came into the war, the united states was a neutral advocating freedom of the seas. byt position was violated germany declaring unrestricted submarine warfare. though, thatates policy was not aimed directly at germany, but also at great britain. in the united states there were large communities and bodies of political opinion and policy, including the president, who when they said strict neutrality, they also meds the british should not infringe on american neutral rights. this was a sticking point. the germans violated neutral rights, because the german violation was so much more violence and egregious, it made the germans the bigger enemy. that does not mean the united states did not have white a few complaints against great britain for the way she implemented her blockade and restricted american trade on the seas.

the chinese said to representatives to versailles. the most well-known one is this judgment, wellington koo, obviously a great chinese name. up the outrage of article 156, which essentially allowed japan to and come up for all intents and purposes, sovereign see -- sovereignty over the shandong peninsula, qin gdao. they have the ground forces to do that. this precipitated that may 4 movement. and, as this indicates, the chinese never signed the treaty of versailles. so, what is the may 4 movement? i have a series of slides here to try to talk a little bit about the various aspects of it, because it is one of the most important activities in the birth of the communist party. , itfirst thing it says accentuates chinese nationalism. the youth of china are outraged at how their government has failed them at versailles. and they are absolutely beside themselves about the continued occupation of their country by japan. so, in the streets they go. what is interesting, what happened in 1919, comes back with the same words in 1966 during the g

emmanuel macron retreats to his residence in versailles, from where he says he is doing well, but workingt a slightly slower pace than usual. ♪ that you and chief is calling for the immediate and unconditional release of those schoolboys and nigeria, who still have not been tracked down , following an attack on their school, a week ago. antonio guterres says the african nation now needs to do more to protect educational facilities, but the secretary-general has taken the time to command the rescue of 300 of those boys who have been reunited with their families. >> still shaken by their six-day kidnapping ordeal, hundreds of nigerian boys were brought to the office of the katina state governor a day after their a vector release. -- their unexpected relays. >> let me assu you that they have suffered. >> hundreds of young boys were kidnapped last friday i armed men inside their school, and the town of conch are. -- kancara. jihadist group boko haram which appears to have enlisted the help of gangs to carry out the tech later claimed response ability for the abduction. details of the boys abd

covenant intohe the treaty of versailles, to ratify the treaty meant we could then join the league of nations, we never ratified the treaty. this is that big fight between the senator and the president, thus we never joined the league of nations, thus technically we were still at war with germany until president harding negotiated a separate piece with germany that was nonpunitive. question all the way in the back . i am going to some world war i and world war ii lectures and i don't hear a lot about the effect on the middle east and china and asia. i believe there was something that woodrow wilson did to the chinese, a type of betrayal, could you explain a little bit on those aspects of world war i? garrett: the question was about the other parts of the world that were impacted by world war i for example the middle east. both the french and the british very much wanted to gobble up out of the ottoman empire which was collapsing. they basically created all these different countries you see today, iraq, afghanistan, lebanon, syria, kuwait and so on, they created these nations and throu

so the fact that the treaty of versaill versailles had such draconian provisions, it demanded so manyation for germany, they argue, historians do, it contributed to the rise of nationalism and the rise of adolf hitler. if you unroll that and make some new arguments about whether the flu and its impact on wilson affected the treaty of versailles, if you go back and look at wilson and argue maybe having his flu affected his behavior, it unrolls even more. i think that's something that historians will be studying for many decades to come. >> some historians say wilson may have experienced a different strain of flu. not the strain that caused the pandemic back then. but there is no dispute that president wilson's behavior changed after his illness. >> people who knew wilson then and had been with him for a long time said he was never the same after that flu. there is a suggestion by quite a few historians that the flu might have affected wilson's judgment, his reasoning, his will power. >> we'll never know for sure what was going on inside president wilson's mind. historian john barry put

there's one in the back here. >> you mentioned the treaty of versailles. and it sounds like we never approved it at all. i thought it was only the league of nations we didn't approve. does that mean we were technically at war with germany until world war ii? garrett: the question was if we never ratify the treaty of versailles, she thought we only didn't join the league of nations. wilson bakes the covenant into the treaty of versailles, to ratify the treaty meant we could then join the league of nations, we never ratified the treaty. this is that big fight between the senator and the president, thus we never joined the league of nations, thus technically we were still at war with germany until president harding negotiated a separate piece with germany that was nonpunitive. there's a question all the way in the back. >> so, i'm going to some world war i and world war ii lectures and i don't hear a lot about the effect on the middle east and china and asia. because i believe there was something that woodrow wilson did to the chinese, a type of betrayal. cou

so the fact that the treaty of versailles had such draconian provisions, the fact that it demanded soation, really, for germany, they argue, historians do, that it contributed to the rise of nationalism and the rise of adolf hitler. and then if you go back and you unroll that and you make some new arguments about whether the flu and its impact on wilson affected the treaty of versailles, if you go back and look at wilson and argue that maybe his having the flu affected his behavior in the negotiation of the treaty of versailles, then it unrolls even more. but again, i think that's something that historians will be studying for many decades to come. >> some historians say wilson may have experienced a different strain of flu, not the strain that caused the pandemic back then. but there's no dispute that president wilson's behavior changed after his illness. >> people who knew wilson then and had been with him for a long time said he was never the same after that flu. there is a suggestion by quite a few historians that the flu might have affected wilson's judgment, his reasoning, his w

>> the question is did we ever ratify the treaty of versailles?she thought we didn't join the league of nations. the fact is that -- baked in to the treaty of versailles, to ratify the treaty therefore meant we could join the league of nations. we never ratified the treaty. -- thus we never joined the league of nations. that's technically we were still at war with germany, until president hurting discussed a agreement that was not punitive. pretty remarkable. there is a question all the way at the back. one >> so going back to some world war i and two lectures, and i don't hear a lot about the effect on middle east and china and asia. i believe there was something that woodrow wilson did to the chinese. a type of betrayal. could you explain a little bit on those aspects of world war i? >> the question here was about that other parts of the world were impacted by world war i. for example, the middle east. both the french and the british very much wanted essentially to gobble up as much of the ottoman empire which was collapsing. they basically crea

. >> the victorious allied forces met at the versailles conference in 1919. united states and britain battled behind closed doors about the size of the u.s. navy. the former historian recounts events between the two outwardly friendly nations. the national world war i museum and memorial posted and provided -- hosted and provided the video for this event. >> it is my pleasure to introduce our speaker tonight. kuenh currently serves as the fleet admiral, professor at maritime history at the u.s. naval war college, and is the emeritus major chair of historical research at the u.s. army command and general staff college. he retired from the u.s. navy in 2004, at the rank of commander after 23 years. serving as the officer flying land and carrier-based aircraft. he has taught a variety of

these dialogues and debates not bound by the monarchs chambers in versailles, nor where they confined to the army, the navy, and their administration's. they engaged a far greater public. like voltaire, the philosopher of the day, public intellectuals of the day, the elite, theorists, poets, historians, doctors, mathematicians, and more. they were vital for members of the aristocracy, whose cultural identity and justification of socioeconomic folk of france marched off to war and sheltered the -- the wars were arenas of national concern. war and the military were in the most pervasive and profound sense arenas of national concern. enlightenment was part of a broader phenomena in of enlightenment, engaging in the same narrative and embracing philosophy to make war reflective of a new age. philosophically and politically, participants wrought a wide range of perspectives. some were a fierce. some were diabetes some are atheists. some were deists. some championed universal principles, while others acknowledged human fallibility, confronting infinite contingency. some saw universal princi

any time i'm in miami, i love going to versailles. there's a lot of energy there, and i thought it would be a fun place for ana and i to sit down and just share a meal. that focus group today for me, it was like in a vacuum, it was your personality. you went in expecting the worst. the lady made some comments, you're like, "pfft, what does she know?" then, the minute you heard positive reinforcement, you're like, "i like that lady." ana: yeah, but i was surprised by the positive. it's so funny. lemonis: why were you surprised? ana: i don't know. lemonis: but everybody has told you the product is good, so what are you surprised about? ana: i know. i don't know. lemonis: do you not have self-confidence? ana: i do, but it's just that comes from my upbringing. my whole life. my mom would compare me to all her friends' daughters. she doesn't like people that are overweight. like, she thinks it's a... lemonis: like a lack of self-respect. ana: ...lack of character, yeah. and, so, when i went to law school, during that time, i, like, gained

eastern, while the victorious allied forces met during the versailles conference in 1913 the united statesclosed doors over the size of the u.s. navy. former navy commander and history and accounts of the events and the tense moments between the two outwardly friendly nations. at 10:00 p.m. eastern, smithsonian generator ella jones harvey leads a tour of the exhibit alexander von humboldt and the united states.

it is such he ♪ >> the victorious allied forces met at the versailles conference in 1919.in they babbled behind closed doors about the size of the u.s. navy. recountsr historian events between the two outwardly from the nations. the national world war i museum and memorial posted and provided the video for this event. >> it is my pleasure to introduce our speaker tonight. as therrently serves fleet admiral, professor at maritime history at the u.s. naval war collegean

. >> [speaking foreign language] >> versailles, the louvre, they are known wells dars of french heritage french genius and france harbors many other hidden treasures. the arts, gastronomy, architecture, as well as natures wonders. come along with france 24, discover france's living heritage from young apprentices to crossman and hunt -- farmers. meet these people whose passion for the professions preserve and drive french heritage. >> france 24, every art form. 12/17/20 12/17/20 [captioning made possible by democracy now!] amy: from new york, this is democracy now! >> it is incredibly important the people in india get it, can you comment united states, china get it. that is going to require some global coordination. certain amount of global solidarity. amy: as the united states shatters world records for daily coronavirus cases and deaths

.e predates roosevelt withrt hoover was president wilson in versailles and europe, heading the american relief administration. he learns that many of the records for the countries that were removed in europe and broken up into new countries, -- at his ownords expense, hoover was sent to stanford university. hirede arrangements and out of pocket to assistance to catalog materials. , thoser the years collections continue to grow. ownthat included his private and public papers. seeing, he intended to be his presidential library. next slide area what happened was in the 1950's, stanford university began to question why institution private in the middle of the campus and control overhad no the future of the hoover institution. , what you seeme is a painting of herbert hoover's birthplace home. hoover always hated this painting. not because of the artist. grant wood is obviously a very famous american artist, but at his home it is that little, almost summer kitchen. inver tried to buy this home 1928, when he was running for reflectt, to have it the actual cottage that he and members of his fa

herbert hoover was with president wilson in versailles in europe, heading the american relief administration. he provided humanitarian assistance to countries in the aftermath of world war i. he learned that many of the records of countries that were removed from the map of europe and broken up into new countries, that those records were threatened with destruction. so at his own expense, hoover had them sent over to stanford university. he made arrangements to rent space in the library and hired out of pocket two assistants to catalog materials. and over the years, those collections continued to grow. hoover included his own private and public papers. what you are seeing, he intended to be his presidential library. next slide. what happened was in the 1950's, stanford university began to question why they had this private institution in the middle of the campus and why stanford had no control over the future of the hoover institution. at the same time, what you see is a painting of herbert hoover's birthplace home. hoover always hated this painting. not because of the artist. grant wood is

he left the palace last night to head to a residence of french presidents outside the city in versailles is to recover and will be isolating for the next seven days. he posted an extraordinary video message. looking fairly pale and pasty. speaking of symptoms, saying he would keep the french informed, posting every day news of his health because although for the time being is feeling relatively okay, that could change. he also talked about the fact that look, if i can get the virus, it means that anyone can get it. i am extremely protected, take great precautions, respect the barriers, yet i caught the virus. a clear message of compassion for those who had it before, and for those who may not yet have caught it warning they need to continue to be careful. >> melissa bell. thank you for that important report. thank you for joining us. brianna keilar picks up coverage right now. >>> hello, i am brianna keilar. welcome to viewers here in the united states and around the world. america's worst case scenarios are coming true as the pandemic is overtaking the country like never before. a new e

several issues -- over including what they saw as unfair terms and imperial bias in the treaty of versailles. in this talk babb traces this , history and the unintended consequences of western influence up until the 1949 founding of communist china. the national world war i museum & memorial hosted this event and provided the video. >> we have the pleasure of welcoming back to our auditorium, dr. geoff babb, for a lecture on world war i and the birth of communist china. we are probably presng

hitler as dangerous particularly when hitler began to move into other countries and violate the versailles treaty. something i came across yesterday at the truman library was a diary entry from a friend of kennan who actually said that kennan in 1936 when italy invaded ethiopia, he thought the united states should have taken a stronger stand against the fascists then. so he was certainly, you know, disapproving of hitler. that's an under statement. that's an under statement. >> with the world view, did he ever consider running for public office? >> yes. somebody who despised democracy -- not despised. that's too strong. but thought democracy was overrated as a system of government, he did, he thought of running for the house of representatives for pennsylvania. he talked about this in his memoirs and thought about running for senator from new jersey and entertain that idea. he went -- this is in the late 1950s. and he went to talk to the director at the institute for advanced study and asked if he could get a leave of absence with pay so he could campaign. and they said, no, his terms were

who was in favor of segregating the civil service and then when the war came to an end, and the versailles treaty was being negotiated he basically turn downed a bid the japanese to include a clause on racial equality, which drove not just the japanese but the indians and many others nuts because they saw this as a treaty that was in some ways doing exactly what you said which is ratifying racial hierarchy in the world. so, yes, there was this complicated dual nature to woodrow wilson, but i think what he needs to be remembered in both respects, an idealist leader to tried to change the world in positive ways but someone who at the same time was a racist and an imperialist. >> that's sort of -- kind of how history works am very complicated business. let's see. how does u.s. involvement with vietnam -- the vietnam war era -- fit into your nasa? in your opinion has the u.s. learn from that experience? >> well issue think that the vietnam war was an instance of overreach. in general i think pretty highly of american foreign policy during the cold war in the sense that we prevailed in that con

he was going to sell the paris aga, the treaty of versailles to the nation, he did this national tourand he began having horrible headaches that brought him back to the white house. he had a stroke. and that effectively ended the second term of his presidency with 70 months left in office. he signed it. or his chief of staff signed it for him. he vetoed the volstead act. wilson believed that wine and beer should still be legal as did most americans. but wayne wheeler believed otherwise, and he was so in control of the politicians that the very next day, october 28th 1919 congress overrode present wilson's veto. thus we got this very strict interpretation of probation. versus something that would be a little bit more loose like saying three or 4% beer is not intoxicating therefore we can allow that. >> yes so it's kind of amazing. when people woke up to that's what we signed up for? oh. again i mentioned the woodrow wilson house. when wilson left the white house on march 4th, 1921, he actually had a wine collection, and he did want to leave it behind because his successor warren was a

rejects or the senate rejects the treaty of versailles, doesn't want the u.s.o be in the league of nations. there is some reason to think that americans like the abstract idea of the league. this is why it's raved about in victory of power. wilson can't campaign on that and they reject it. so for me the flu is a piece of that, but the war and the american reluctance to take a leadership role in the world and be embroiled in the conflict is a bigger piece of that story. >> let's talk for a few minutes more. >> sure. >> it is amazing that woodrow wilson is not remembered for the flu, but maybe we shouldn't be surprised at that, because, a, it's something he doesn't mention, and b, something nobody expects him to mention. so the fact we expect federal response today, and the fact we expect the president to know what's going on in every locality today despite what the state constitutions say, does that tell us the president has become more powerful over time and that federalism itself has changed in the american perception? >> great question. so what perplexed me a

leader is suffering from a fever, cough and fatigue and being treated at a presidential retreat in versailles the coronavirus rules so she could see her boyfriend compete. now she is in jail and is sentenced the stay locked up for the next four months. what does her family think about all this? we'll talk to her grandmother next. veterans can shortcut the refinance process and save $250 a month. $3000 dollars a year. with the va streamline refi at newday, there's no appraisal, no income verification, and no out of pocket costs. one call can save you $3000 a year. xthecan it help with snoring?ed i've never heard snoring. exactly. h@i$."È[ no problem. ...and done. save 50% on the sleep number 360 limited edition smart bed. plus, 0% interest for 48 months on all smart beds. ends monday. ♪ irresistibly smooth chocolate. to put the world on pause. lindor. made to melt you. by the lindt master chocolatier. >> trace: china not just cozying up to politician. they are also targeting our businesses through economic espionage. national security correspondent jennifer griffin live at the pentagon. what i