it was a notion of a gmc hide -- it was a notion of a jihad of a godless and vettein bair. -- douglas in the year -- godless invader. ?nd you know what's it worked. in 1989, of course, the soviets have had all the pain they could stand in afghanistan. it was clear to their leadership that their problems.com or somewhere beyond -- their problems at home were somewhere beyond critical and they could not afford it anymore as opposition grew. so the soviets were defeated in afghanistan. a victory for the united states in what turned out to be the closing years of the cold war. and what did we do? we said, hey, we won and let's go home. and home we went. we, of course, were not engaged with conventional forces on the ground in the afghan campaign, but we were heavily engaged by a variety of means. engagement stopped, not just in afghanistan, but also in the region, particularly in pakistan. in this basis, a little over a year, pakistan went from being, as they put it, the most allied of u.s. allies to the most sanctioned of u.s. adversaries. that, of course, was through the administration'