vichy passed harsh anti-semitic laws.enship and were required to wear yellow stars. jews were forbidden to study at universities , hold any government positions, work as doctors, lawyers, pharmacists, architects, bankers and small traders. most jewish families completely lost their livelihood in 1942 , the forced deportations of the jewish population of france began in the nazi death camps. by decision of the authorities and the country , 76,000 people were expelled, almost all of them subsequently died. he was quite calm about hitler. and to the nazi regime under his roof they began to create in the south of france an actually fascist regime, and not a conservative one, which he wanted totten was already quite an old man already during the war. he has already begun to simply transfer all these very opportunities to the leadership of the country to the laval, because he simply physically could not do this. in 1942 , the french politician pierre laval became prime minister of the vichy government. in the thirties, this man

the local gentlemen, 70 30 centners of a hectare, and for some all 100 so lord the arch of grytsky vichy pedigree for productivity in the area. every year we somehow kolos we had within there, uh, 2 g, then this year in some places more than 3 g, therefore, from here the harvest is 106.7. it is mainly wheat six harvesters. we are working on finishing wheat will remain named after the surovsky district agricultural enterprises and operates more than 112 units of grain harvesting equipment, 36 grain drying complexes and more than 100 units for transporting grain from the fields. your theme or 800.000 tons. this wheat and barley vertical dash is not divine yield more than 35 centners. mastered from the above hollow pilaf cleaning. azima. mountain, absu ends threshing. here stands an aircraft of 3,000 hectares of yield. cultures this season are pleasing and mal-29 centners per circle, well now a year more romali for 250,000 tons of cost-effective in the autumn. for 3 betrayals , more than 56,000 children were sewn in the camps and centers of the minsk region. it’s me, about schoolboys, and w

majority of citizens of the russian federation who have never lived in the occupied territory of the anti-vichyimaries, internal party elections of united russia, and there were people from the party of regions from the communist party of ukraine, our acquaintances with you, whom we remember when we were behind the democratic luhansk region, and they were already advising ukraine in pro-russian parties, so they were not even included in these lists, that is collaborators are not needed and now at 60% 62% , they will form these pseudo-soviets and so on. that is, the power will completely belong to the occupiers. yes, with the russian federation, that is, local collaborators will no longer rule there; in fact , they will leave the local population as service personnel for these occupier pockets of the russian federation. therefore, you need to be very careful, because you cannot participate in the elections in our citizens . don't go anywhere, go out on this day because you forgot your passport or you don't have an id with you or something like that, and then you won't be able to participate in t

and robert paxton wrote anatomy of fascism, the great scholar at columbia on vichy, saying that if they could argue me out of the use of that word and, at least to my mind, they did not. in fact, stern, i don't think he ever did it publicly, but embraced it and i think because i come out of seminary and come out of the church, my father, both my parents were seminary graduates. mother was a professor. my father was a presbyterian minister. i, of course graduated from harvard divinity school. i was acutely aware of how they missed --, the bible to perpetuate or sacrifice the worst elements of white supremacy, imperial capitalism and and then i was also tipped off as a young seminarian by my great mentor, james luther adams, at harvard, who he was bilingual in in 1935 and 1936, was at the university of heidelberg in, germany. he dropped out and he joined niemÖller and the confessing church until. he was picked up by the gestapo and expelled from the country. but he saw in and he was he called these people fascists in them a parallel, the so-called german christian church, which was pro-na

in possession of the coast of china and the coast of indo china, which had been united them by the vichy french on the north or the of japan themselves reaching down almost to northern luzon on the east of unmandated islands, which japan had occupied and its fortified in absolute violation of a written word islands that between hawaii and the philippines, these islands, hundreds of them apparently as dots on most maps, do not appear, but they cover a large strategic area. guam lies, in the middle of them alone outpost which we have never thought. under the washington treaty of 1921. we solemnly agreed not to add to the fortification of the philippines. we had no safe base there, so we could not use the islands for extensive naval operations. immediately after this war, i started japanese forces moved down on either side, the philippines, more numerous points south of them, thereby completely insert the philippines from north and south and east and west. it is that complete certain with control of the air by a japanese land based aircraft, which has prevented us from sending substantial o

possession of the coast of china and the coast of indo-china which had been yielded to them by the vichy are the islands of japan themselves, reaching down almost to northern luzon. on the east are the mandated islands-which japan had occupied exclusively, and had fortified in absolute violation of her written word. the islands that lie between hawaii and the philippines these islands, hundreds of them, appear only as small dots on most maps. but they cover a large strategic area. guam lies in the middle of them--a lone outpost which we have never fortified. under the washington treaty of 1921 we had solemnly agreed not to add to the fortification of the philippines. we had no safe naval bases there, so we could not use the islands for extensive naval operations. immediately after this war started, the japanese forces moved down on either side of the philippines to numerous points south of them--thereby completely encircling the philippines from north, south, east, and west. it is that complete encirclement, with control of the air by japanese land-based aircraft, which has prevented us

vichy drop a tour joins us -- vichy trumpeter joins us -- quoted in cranes on sl and what is out therenail in your research note. we have had a massive refinancing. will be the ramifications of refinancing in this new environment for fixed income? vishy: i think talking about commercial real estate is definitely a financing challenge. i think it is important. in terms of type of properties, in office properties there is clearly a secular change in terms of flexibility that has reduced the demand for office space. there is significant headwind for that property type. when you look at the other property types, whether it is multi family, multifamily housing, industrial real estate, the challenges are not exactly the same. i think the bigger issue is from a lender perspective, the biggest exposure to the commercial real estate is in the smaller regional banks that also happened to be the weakest link in the lending chain. that is a real challenge, not commercial real estate. tom: if there is fear, and the pendulum is swinging, which type of fixed income instrument is of uncommon value rig

vichy france to maintain after they surrendered in 1940. it's that small. navy, which i feel very strongly about because my father was in it, is a again, a pitiful shadow of its former self. when i was a defence reporter in the 1980s, it was always stated that the navy's surface fleet of destroyers and frigates would never fall below about 50. and now it's way below that and a quite a large number of those. i think are probably tied up alongside not really able to move and there are major problems with retention in all the armed services of the crucial ncos and experienced officers who keep armed forces together . and i officers who keep armed forces together. and i think we're we're neglecting it to the point where it is becoming a serious crisis and it needs to be addressed. but it costs a lot of money to maintain to date money to maintain up to date armed forces. and we have cut that the 60s, 70s and 80s. it that in the 60s, 70s and 80s. it was still the case, i think that we spent twice as much on defence as did on education. defence as we did on educat