toilet paper was gold in vietnam.f you were in the field and do not have toilet paper, you had to make do with something less desirable. we get little rolls of toilet paper. we get a little -- in the rations they were given a little thing of toilet paper. we get those left of the wall pretty often. enough veterans understand -- vietnam veterans understand and they know it was left for. this one was left with a little note. "the jungle, it will not wash off. the sounds, the smells. like the waves that come in the oceans of my mind, the memories remain." that was left in 1992. the two photographs were left on veterans day, 1993 which was the dedicated -- dedication of the women's memorial. it's dedicated to the woman who served and died in vietnam. you don't often talk about the women of the war. they were eight names on the memorial. there were at least 60 women who died in vietnam. they did not get their names on the memorial because they were not enlisted in the military. these are two photographs of donor dolly's. t

to south vietnam. it was perfectly clear from the start, as it is clear today, that air power would not be able to stop infiltration. we were quite sure however that it could impose a ceiling on the forces which could be sustained in combat in south vietnam. i do not believe that anyone who has reflected on the effect of destruction, ports, rail yards, and similar facilities, and on the effect of the limitation of daylight on roads throughout a large part of vietnam, can avoid the conclusion that the air campaign has had an important effect in slowing down infiltration and in raising its price. up at -- a testimonial to its effectiveness was the feverish activity in north vietnam during the bombing pause to repair damage and move transport in daylight. the third reason for the decision to use our airpower was to provide a sobering reminder to the leaders in hanoi that progressively they must pay a price for the continuation of their support of the viet cong insurgency. in spite of their defined stateme

to south vietnam. t was clear from the start and clear today that air power would not be able to stop infiltration. shour, however, it could impose a ceiling on the be sustained ould in combat in south vietnam. i do not believe that anyone who reflected on the destruction of bridges, ports and rail yards and the ar facilities effect of the limitation of daylight movement on the road throughout a large part of north vietnam can avoid the conclusion that the air campaign has had an effect in slowing down infiltration and raising its price. testimonial to its effectiveness was the feverish vietnam duringth the bombing cause to prepare amage and remove transport in daylight. the third reason was to provide the ering reminder to leaders in hanoi that rogressively they must may a mounting price for the continuation of their support of inurgency.ong forpite of the statement, i one know from experience that no derives any enjoyment from receiving incoming shells nd bombs day after day and i have no doubt the m

against south vietnam. second, the united states has commitments to assist south vietnam to repel this aggression. third, our commitments to south vietnam were not taken in isolation but are a part of a systematic effort in a postwar time to assure a state of peace. fourth, the issue in southeast asia becomes more wide because it must keep his word wherever it has pledged. nation is more interested in it vietnam then the united states. peace could come quickly. from every channel or forum or contact or discussion for mr. chairman, you asked me to,e s, if you in question would be good enough to repeat them, sir? there was one question that i might comment upon, and that is the situation as a result of the honolulu meeting the announced attitude, i believe i have quotes from the paper of general attituderegards to his nlfrds negotiating with the , that was one question you recall. how do you reconcile that with the statements you have made with our willingness to negotiate with them and if they would be willi

south vietnam. none of them know what we know. in fact, some of the books that were written by historians, as we now know, because now they know the end. and even mcnamara went back in the 1990's to meet with the people who had been his opponents. and he had to rethink his policies and came to the conclusion that the war had been a mistake. so, this takes us back to that time, giving us a chance to see the people who were involved as they try to grapple with creating the policy and the senators who had to decide whether or not they could support or should oppose the policy. >> so here is dean rusk from february 18, 1966. [chatter] i guess that's your water. i don't know. i drink more water than you. sen. fulbright: would the committee come to order. we are very pleased this morning to have our distinguished secretary of state dean rusk. he's one of the most dedicated and hard-working public servants as i have ever known. sen. fulbright: i am also personally pleased to have a mr. -- you mr. secretary

and as our ambassador to south vietnam in 1964 and 1965. and he's now special consultant to the president in the recent conference in honolulu. general taylor we're pleased to have you. we had you often before. very familiar with you. we welcome you to make whatever statement you choose. >> mr. chairman and committee i want to thank you for your willingness to listen to my views. they will not be new to many of you since you heard me express them when i was with the government. i agreed with the motivating purpose of these hearings namely to analyze the reasons why we're involved in south vietnam, the importance of this involvement, and the effectiveness which we're dealing with the resultant problem. if my personal views can assist in clarifying these points i'll be happy to present them. for the purpose prove providing a basis for our subsequent discussion, with your permission, mr. chairman, i would like to make a continuous statement which will undertake to answer three basic questions. first, what are we doing in south vietnam? secondl

ambassador, to vietnam in 1964. the previous ambassador henry , cabot lodge, came home to run for president, so general taylor was sent. while he was there, he sent regular telegrams to the defense department, state department, the president, saying he would -- it would be a big mistake to send ground troops. when president johnson decided to do that, it, in a sense went , against the recommendation of general taylor. general taylor was a loyal soldier, and he supports in his testimony what the johnson administration is doing, gives rationale for it, talks about what the north vietnamese were doing, what the viet cong were doing, the atrocities going on. he talks about the moral situation. he is not giving a realist perspective on the war. but we now know, because his telegrams are now public record, and even his telephone conversations with the president are public record we know that , he had great reservations about sending ground troops, that he believed the united states should struggle on and only send naval s

same time to vietnamize the conflict. >> we had to turn the war over to south vietnam or it would beess. we couldn't fight their war forever. >> the south vietnamese were taught to think like americans, act like americans fight like americans. >> south vietnam's president thieu, he wanted nothing more than to gradually take over full responsibility for the war. >> president nixon started withdrawing troops almost right away. he had a lot to withdraw. over 500,000 men were there. >> but he did this very slowly. as they supposedly shifted the burden of the fighting to the south vietnamese. it was going so slowly a lot of people were getting killed in the process, and there was no end to it. >> october 15, 1969, vietnam moratorium day. >> surely this is a day unique in our history. never have so many of our people publicly and collectively manifested opposition to this country's involvement in a war. >> it wasn't hippies. it wasn't radicals and marxists. it was ordinary middle-class americans, 2 million of them, taking the day off from school, from work. it was a genuine democratic expl

believing that the communist vietnam was trying to take over south vietnam. and believing that china was behind north vietnam. the containment theory was the rationale for the united states to send troops to vietnam. here was the author of the containment theory saying it does not apply here. you need to get out as soon as possible this is not a winning situation for the united states. >> from washington, d.c., a special report on this morning's hearings by the senate's foreign relations committee. >> report here is our washington news correspondent. mr. hill: the senate foreign relations committee resumed with george kennan as its witness. considered an extra he displayed firsthand knowledge on asian affairs. he was expected to be critical of americans and the administration's policy and tactics in south vietnam. in his opening comments, he warned against impossible goals and escalation of american involvement. [video clip] mr. kennan: a precipitous and disorderly withdrawal could create a disservice to our own interests and even world peace, differences tha

a lelk -- legitimate war in south vietnam. these hearings in january and february of 1966 were essentially the first congressional debate over whether or not we should be in vietnam p.m. >> in a few minutes we'll hear the testimony of general maxwell taylor. what was the situation at that time in vietnam? how many troops were there? and who was general maxwell taylor. >> by january of 1966 there were perhaps 125,000 american troops in vietnam. not as many as there would be by 1968 but far more than there had been a year earlier, when we had had a year earlier there were approximately 30,000 troops. before that there had been about 16,000 advisors. so it was a gradual increase. president johnson did not want to appear he was sending large number so he sent troops in small segments announcing 50,000 troops here or 75,000 troops there always with the idea this would be enough, this is the cap. always the military on the ground needed more and johnson would have to send more troops. general taylor was very much in american vietnam

1966 vietnam hearings, the first televised hearings on the vietnam war. in 1965, retired general maxwell taylor appeared before the senate foreign relations committee to defend policy is a special consultant to president johnson. the 75 minute broadcast from cbs news includes general taylor's opening statements, questions and comments from senators. but first, donald ritchie discuss the significance of the hearing. >> what is his book? donald: it was experts from the hearings they convened on the 1966.m war in early it was both proponents and supporters of the war, people like dean rusk and general maxwell taylor, and opponents like general gavin. we could teach this by showing the students both sides of the argument. they were being interrogated by senators on both sides of the argument, so you got to look at what the issues were and got some idea of what the defense wasand what the opposition to the war in vietnam. it was one of the first really usable books that came out. it was not enormously partisan one way or the other about the war, and that is wh

toilet paper was as good as gold in vietnam.and u're out in the field you didn't have any toilet paper you had to make due with else less desirable. so we get little rolls of toilet paper. we get the -- in the rations sometimes they were given a of toilet paper. e get those left at the wall very often. we understand veterans they see toilet paper they know what it was left for. this one was left with this note.e it says it won't wash off. the sounds, the smells, like the that come and go in the ocean in my mind, the memories remain. left in 1992. these two photographs were left veterans day in 1993 which was the dedication of the memorial. the women's memorial are dedicated to the women who in vietnam.ied you don't often talk about the women of the wars. there are actually eight women's but there e memorial are at least 60 women who died and didn't get their names on the memorial because they enlisted in the military, but these are two donut dollies who are essentially american red volunteers and those were the other 60 women wh

before 1988, rice in vietnam was produced by collectives.individual farmers had little responsibility for their land and virtually no incentive to increase productivity. ( man speaking vietnamese ) translator: in the collective system, farmers are just hired hands. everything they produce becomes the collective's property. the collective then tries to sell the produce to pay the farmers according to their labor contribio narrator: in the 1990s, a market-oriented "contract system" was installed. the collectives were disbanded, reinstating the individual farmer as the linchpin of rice production. translator: in the contract system, the farmers profit from whatever they produce; they're wholly entitled to the fruits of their labor. narrator: the move from collective to commercial farming also created another success story. the hill country to the north, between hué and saigon-- or ho chi minh city-- is a perfect climate from where to grow coffee. narrator: vietnam is now the world's second biggest producer, just behind brazil. coffee output her

combat troops should ever be to vietnam. became ambassador to vietnam in 1964. previous ambassador had left to come home to run for president. was sent.ylor while he was there he sent regular telegrams to the date and the president saying it would be a big mistake troops. ground when president johnson decided o do that, it in a sense went against the recommendation that general taylor had. he as a loyal soldier and supports in his testimony supports what the johnson doing.tration is e gives them rationale for it the viet about what cong kopbg /* kong were doing. the moral out situation and not giving a the st's perspective on war. we know because his telegrams record and telephone conversations we know that he had great reservations about taoupz.ground the united states should draw the line and only naval and air support. >> you mentioned senator fullbright. who were some of the other senators on the committee? important a very committee. in addition to senator ullbright, you have senator john sparkman. mcgovern up and senator and wayne morris. he is passionatel

your view if the elections had been held in south vietnam 1956,y, 1990 -- july, that people of vietnam would probably have voted in officials that would have established a communist regime that would have done so under the regime set forth in the accords? a great't claim to know deal about the realities there and i go largely on the in the book of a respected ex-president who presd that everything he had learned was that the election would have gone in favor of the communist side at that time. i cannot judge the correctness of this. i believe that the elections, at that time, would have gone in favor of the communist side. on the other hand, i am not sure that they would have been entirely free. >> if the people decided they would support a communist regime, do you think it is wise for the united states to use power to prevent those elections or to intervene to prevent those people from having the kind of government they want? wise.o not think it is i recognize that this can create , depending on the place that it happens, it can create very difficult problems for the government. . >>

. >> vietnam veteran and author talks about warfare on the mekong river delta in vietnam. the army, coast guard, and navy were successful and prevented the viet cong from transporting supplies. the u.s. navy memorial hosted this event. >> thank you for joining us. we are very pleased to welcome dr. edward marolda. his book was published by the navy and heritage command. it is available as a free pdf download and copies of the book are available at the ship's at the navy museum. dr. merolda is an author of numerous publications on naval history that focus on the navy in southeast asia, korea, and the persian gulf war. he is currently an adjunct professor at georgetown university where he teaches courses on the war in the far east and the vietnam war. please join me in welcoming him. [applause] dr. merolda: good morning ladies and gentlemen, welcome to the auspicious occasion. it is important for this country and all of us to remark on the service of our navy men and women since the founding of the republic 200 years ago. just this morning, i attended my grandson's preperato

vietnam was not alone. thailand i look on as a very dangerous area and one that we should regard seriously at this time. therefore, in looking at it i raised some questions. first of all, what do we have today and what can they do. i stated they would have sufficient forces to hold areas along the coast. -- one could put a core don't but it should still be open a bit at the ends. -- a cordon, but it should still he opened at the ends. this appears to me to be incredibly costly and manpower and national wealth. i came to the conclusion and i think this is important. charges have been made about what i have said and i quote we must do the best we can with the forces we have deployed in vietnam now. i did not say withdraw or attack or do anything else. we must do the best we have with what we have in hand. keep in mind the true meaning of global strategy and world affairs today. economic science, technology and world opinion will serve >> and i quote we must do the best we can with the forces we have deployed

environmental conditions are no doubt just as costly and south vietnam as it would've been a north vietnam. >> your conclusion was it might probably lead to a confrontation with china and i would take it that you felt and general ridgway felt that this was not a wise thing to undertake. do you see any reason it would be wiser today? >> i don't but i would say the initiative is that of the chinese. >> what do you mean by that? >> i think the confrontation will occur when and where they choose to make it occur. for this reason -- >> are you saying the initiative was with the chinese? >> could you repeat the question ? >> he did say the initiative is now with the chinese. next i feel that in vietnam today yes. that's what i said a moment ago and this makes me uneasy. the escalation is not occurring out of our will as much as it is in response to the commitment of an opponent with just a quick supported by the chinese. there may be variations of new wants to this but i feel that the confrontation with the chinese israel and a compelling fact of life today. for this reason i'm uneasy about and

environmental conditions are just as costly in south vietnam as they would have been in north vietnam. >> so your conclusion was that, as you say, it might probably lead to a confrontation with china and i would take it you felt and general ridge way felt this was not a wise thing to undertake. then do you see any reason why it would be any wiser to do it today? >> no, i don't. i must say though i think the initiative is perhaps that of the chinese. it is, indeed, that of the chinese. what do you mean by that? >> i think the confrontation will occur when and where they choose to make it occur for this reason. i think -- >> i don't quite understand it. you say the initiative was with the chinese now? >> repeat the question, mr. chairman. >> well, he did say that the initiative is now with the chinese, did you not say, sir? >> i feel in vietnam today, yes. this is what i said a moment ago and this is what makes me uneasy. the escalation is not occurring on our will as much as it is to the escalation and commitments of an opponent logistically supported by the chinese. there may be varia

claimed that it did not use chemical weapons in vietnam. it instead used chemical agents and not against personnel. so they are not weapons if they are not antipersonnel -- used for antipersonnel purposes. the u.s. had used chemical agents including white phosphorous in world war ii, but began using herbicides to clear around bases as defensive measures. then further field as an offensive strategy, always careful to3hap call it a chemic agent. in response to the united states' actions in vietnam and its refusal to sign the geneva protocol the u.n. refined its definition in 1967 i believe it was to include any chemical agent used during warfare that may be toxic to man, animals or plants. this is where we get the idea of ecoside. so inventing ecocide. scientists in the united states and elsewhere began radicalizing themselves and organizing themselves and other sympathetic people to their view of the use of chemical agents in war as ecocide so it's the destruction, the murder of ecosystems which they rightly claim have larger human impacts.

they had hit dozens of cities all over vietnam. it was a tremendous shock. >> we have known for several months now that the communist planned a massive, winter-spring offensive. we do not think that our military operations are going to be at all materially affected. >> he was unable to be honest with the american people, because, of course, he was unwilling to simply say, this is an unwinnable war. >> cronkite's vietnam report, reel one, take four. >> these ruins are in saigon, capital of the largest city of south vietnam. >> when he went to vietnam during tet, it was the first time, and maybe the only time, that walter had shown any kind of bias in his public broadcast. >> it is increasingly clear to this report, that the only rational way out would be to negotiate, not as victors, but as an honorable people who lived up to their pledge to defend democracy and did the best they could. >> after walter cronkite, johnson's popularity sinks. >> to most ordinary citizens, it's become obvious the war is not being won. >> opposition to t

we know vietnam -- we know north vietnam took over south vietnam.know that everything we fought the war for, just the opposite happened. we also know that we recognize the and on. we have ambassadors there and president clinton got huge crowds cheering for him when he went to vietnam. it is a very different country. in fact, the majority of vietnamese were born after the war, they call it the american war and we caught the vietnam war. it is because of the history. they fought with china more than when they fought with us. it is a very different situation. yet, we hear the testimony that was given in 1966 and none of those people knew how was going to end. they all project the end it and hope with it would invite. risk things that the vietnamese will give up and decide that it is not worth the fight and they will go back to their own country and live in north vietnam and that the south vietnamese live by themselves. but the communist disappear. that was his vision. kennedy was saying that we have to get out of there and the most safe way possible. n

president kennedy sent him to vietnam in 1961 to look at the situation. taylor said it was a dire situation. we do not believe the south vietnamese government could defend itself and americans would have to get involved. he saw americans sending naval support and air support. general taylor did not, as an army general, do not believe u.s. combat troops should ever be sent to vietnam. he was totally opposed to that. taylor was a lawyer soldier -- loyal soldier. he supports with the johnson administration is doing because and's we know his telegrams his telephone conversations with the president republic record, we know he a great reservations about sending ground troops. he believed the u.s. should draw the line and only send naval support and air support. historic engaged in a debate in this country. we have honest differences of opinion. i happen to hold the point of view it will not be too long before the american people repudiate our war in southeast asia. >> that is good news to hanoi, senator. >> i know what you get to those of us that have honest di

they will go back to their own and go back to north vietnam and let the south vietnam live themselves. and the viet cong would disappear. george kennan is saying that we have to get out of there in the most face-saving way possible. general taylor is talking about a lot of the realities of the government in south vietnam. none of them know what we know. in fact, some of the books written by diplomatic historians, now we now know because they know the end. and mcnamara went back in the 1990's had to confront many of these issues and rethink his politics and had to conclude that the war had been a mistake, at least the way they had fought the war. takes us back to that period. it gives us a chance to actually see the people who were involved as they tried to grapple with creating the policy and the senators who had to decide whether or not they could support or should oppose that policy. announcer: vietnam hearings 50 years later. --ch more on "real a market here on c-span 3 history tv. announcer: up next, we visit philadelphia's

he volunteered for vietnam, was a navy s.e.a.l. and while leaving a commando raid, an enemy gra nad cost him his leg. his bravery won him the medal of honor. in the hospital, he learned to walk again. home in nebraska he ran a marathon. hoe built a business that employs 900 people. for him, politics is a cause not a career, an outsider who defeated an incumbent governor. he wiped out a deficit, helped his state through a farm depression, den refused to run for a second term despite popularity. now in a time of crisis, his cause is fundamental change. national health insurance. get tough with japan on trade. a tax cut for the middle class, a national industrial policy to fight for american jobs. fight back america. paid for by kerrey for president. >>> alone he took on the president they said was unbeatable and sounded the economic alarm. he doesn't offer gimmicks, just straight tough answers. on day one, he'll declare an economic emergency, halt unfair bank foreclosures, make business invest in jobs and quality and create a strong

treated vietnam as a second-tier issue until 1963. cuba. he had his domestic challenges. he sent troops to train the south vietnamese army. but he wasn't happy about it. >> in the final analysis, it's their war. they're the ones that have to win it or lose it. we can help them, give them equipment. send our men out there as advisors. but they have to win it. the people of vietnam against the communists. >> kennedy felt that the united states had to draw a line against communist expansion but the soviets supported the north vietnam regime. we supported the south. >> it's what becomes known as the domino theory. if south vietnam falls, then all the rest of southeast asia laos, cambodia, the philippines, they might be defeated. >> as i believe i reported upon my return from previous visits, i'm very much encouraged by the progress the south vietnamese have been making and the assistance our forces have rendered to them. >> when vietnam started up, they believed that they so expertly micro managed the cuban missile crisis that they can do

memorialr the vietnam connection -- collections center. collection specifically is housed entirely in this building . objects that are collected in washington dc for visitors come by the memorial --ryday, leave objects with which park rangers collect. every two weeks or so, we do a themp and we sort through and catalog them and make them part of our collection. was left in 2000. it was left by ellen for barry, who is killed in vietnam. i'm just going to read it. " myas, -- it says, dearest barry, it has been 31 years since you have been taken away from you. as i visit the memorial today in washington dc, i leave with you the ring i gave with you the when we first you met. please know that i always love you. i mourned for the family you are never given a chance to have. wendy lord takes me home, i know we will meet again and shared many memories. i love you. " i feel like the purpose of the collection is to help people heal and to get over the things that happened in the past. specifically, the men who died in vietnam and lend a helping han

hearings.6 vietnam this month on american history tv. you can watch each weekend on saturday night at 10:00 p.m. eastern and sunday at 4:00 p.m. eastern. american history tv, only on c-span 3. c-span is touring cities across the country, exploring american history. our recent visit to greenville, south carolina. you are watching american history tv. >> here in the upcountry history highlight want to elements of the korean war. this is our exhibit. art wentghts through to us from the navy, the conflict going on there. it shows even though korea is sort of a forgotten war, it deserves to be remembered. the men who fought there and lost their lives deserve to have some recognition similar to --se from the world wellness wars as well as vietnam. this is an introduction to the exhibit itself. the introduction to the exhibit itself. how it had been under japanese occupation. giving you an introduction as you progress through the exhibit. artwork. was not originally a painter per se. more involved in photography. officers heard he was an excell

that congress and particularly the senate wanted to know why we were in vietnam. what the administration's policies were. and they wanted to hear from opponents of the war. they gave equal status to critics of the war as they did to supporters of the war. it was a real debate. >> this weekend, two witnesses who opposed president johnson's vietnam policies. first, a february 1966 abc news special report that includes the testimony of former ambassador to the soviet union, george cannon. then retired general james gavin followed by questions from senators including chairman jay william fulbright. >> air naval powe eer alone cou not win the war. it was incredible to me that we had forgotten that bitter lesson so soon that we were on the verge of making that same tragic error. >> general, as far as you know, are the conditions in indochina any different today than they were at that time? >> next weekend we'll hear from general maxwell taylor and saturday february 27th, secretary of state dean rusk gives his testimony defending johnson's

dean russ testifies on the administration in vietnam. sunday morning at 10:00 on road to the white house rewind, the 1960 west virginia deckcrattic primary debate between senator's john f. kennedy and hubert humphrey of minnesota. this was only the second televised presidential primary debate in history. >> the next president must arouse this nation to heroic deeds and justice and freedom and he must understand the complexities of disarmament negotiations and working of diplomacy. >> because i believe strongly in my country and its destiny and because i believe the power and influence of the next president, and his vitality and force will be the great factor in meeting the responsibilities that we're going to face. >> at 6:00, on american artifacts, we'll tour louisiana's whitney plantation slavery museum. >> the story of slavery is integral to the history of the united states. we don't talk enough about the inequality of african-americans and what they have faced in this country and we don't talk enough about our roles today in perpetua

next saturday, secretary of state dean rusk gives his testimony defending johnson's vietnam policies. for the complete american history tv weekend schedule, go to www.c-span.org. this weekend on american artifacts, we look at a selection of objects left at the vietnam memorial, including letters, photographs, artwork, and metals. here's a preview. >> i am a museum technician for the national park service. for thepecifically vietnam veterans memorial collection, which is housed here in the museum resource center. the building overall is a central curatorial facility. our collection specifically is housed entirely in this building. objects collection of that are left at the memorial in d.c. by the memorial every day, leave objects at the memorial, which are part rangers collect, and then every two weeks or so we do a pickup at the memorial and bring them out here to our museum resource center where we sort through them and catalog them and make them part of our collection. this card was left in 2000. barry,left by allen for -- elen for barry. "my dearest barry, it has been 31 year since

a this weekend, we kick off three-week special series on the 966 vietnam war hearings, 50 years later. emeritus --rian >> the hearings were the most extraordinary hearings held by congress. were hearings and investigation into a war that was still being fought. -- the congress and the poe particularly the senate wanted in vietnam, e were what the administration's

. >>> the white house said president obama will make his first visit to vietnam in may. the announcement came after he met with vietnam's prime minister at a summit with southeast asia leaders in california. the president's vietnam visit will be a sidetrip well in the region for the seven group summit in japan. it he will become the third straight president to visit this nation. bill clinton was there and so was george bush. they hope to strengthen relations with vietnam as they worry over china's aggressiveness in the south china sea. >>> top u.s. officials will travel to nevada to sign an aviation packed for scheduled u.s. and cuba for the first time in more than 50 years. the signing brings in 12 affect an arrangement that was agreed u.s. airlines have to apply for permission from u.s. regulators to fly specific routes before selling tickets to cuba. it will increase tourism and business on the island and the department expects to decide in the summer which airlines will fly from which cities to havana. the arrangement allows only 20 round trip flights per day between

investment and services will be liberalized in vietnam. the officials explained this would improve the business environment for japanese retailers, including convenience stores and supermarkets. a japanese trade ministry official called the tpp an economic partnership with a lot of potential. he wants japanese firms to understand the content of the deal and make good use of it. >>> a new task in thailand is aimed at the wealthy. government officials say their levy on inherited assets is designed to narrow the gap between rich and poor. but critics are pointing to what they say are loopholes. inequality is a major issue in thailand. households in bangkok and other cities earn on average up to five times more than those in rural areas. the disparity is said to be behind anti-government demonstrations. officials have responded by levying a maximum 10% on inherited assets worth more than 100 million bot, about $2.8 million. the tax applies to only certain assets, including real estate, cars, stocks, bonds, and bank deposits. but gold is an exe

is a collection of objects left at the vietnam veterans memorial. visitors come by the memorial every day and leave objects, which are park rangers collect. every two weeks or so, we do a and bringthe memorial them here to our resource center where we sort through them and catalog them and make them part of our collection. in 2000, leftleft by ellen for barry who was killed in the nam. i'm just going to read it. dearest dairy, it has been over 31 years since you were taken away from me, but you remain in my heart. as i visit the memorial, i leave with you the ring i gave you on your 18th birthday, the first summer we met. always know that i love you still in even know i am married and have children. i will mourn for the family we were never given the chance to have. i know when the lord takes me home i will meet you again and share many memories. i feel like the purpose of the wall is to help people heal and get over the things that happened in the past and remember specifically the men who died in vietnam. this collection lends a helping hand to th

says vietnam veteran michael monroe of spencer. portraits of the book "vietnam: honor" tim: today, we continue our look at a piece of history you might not know exhisted. jenna: it centers around small communities in florida before the civil rights movement. america's untold celebrate black history month. " narr - little africa was a community of new freed blacks augustine after the they were skilled farmers, high rates surely condemn them and their children to a life of hard poverty. ending this, would require outside help. sister thomas- joseph mcgoldrick - we came in 1866 at the request of bishop asked for 8 sisters father tom willis - i wish you to understand and clearly that it is for them alone that i have the sisters of your order come to my diocese. sister thomas- joseph mcgoldrick - and he made it very clear that they were coming to teach the liberated slaves. that that would be their work here. father tom willis - when they arrived they knew no english so they had to learn the language, they had to learn the culture of st

next weekend, vietnam hearings 50 years later.omething for a 1966, the senate foreign relations committee gives equal time to critics of the war and members of the johnson administration in hearings televised live to the nation. here is a preview. >> the vietnam hearings were some of the most extraordinary hearings held by congress. they were hearings of investigation into a war that was still being fought. congress and particularly the senate wanted to know why we were in vietnam, what the administration policies were, and they wanted to hear from opponents of the war. they gave equal status to critics of the war as they did two supporters of the war. it was a real debate. mosts one of america's distinguished diplomats. foreigne an article for " affairs" and signed it mr. x because he was a diplomat and could not take sides on this issue, really suggesting the policy the united states needed to follow was containment. the containment theory was the rationale for the united states to send troops to vietnam. here was the author of

while this plane never saw the battle fields of vietnam,... it was used as a training vessel for pilots at the u-s myrtle beach militata base. the numbers on the plane are the originals given to the plane designating it as a sioux city aircraft...but the numbers aren't the only extraordinary feature of this plane... "it was designed as a slick-wing fighter liek this to go supersonic and it was just the new technology at the time that allowed it," says scott plambeck, ce wing commander at the 185 air refueling wing. jess: the f-100 jets were the first planes with the ability to go supersonic..meani ng, faster than the speed of sound. while theinside of the plane on the outside is painted to be historically accurate of the jets flown in vietnam. the next steps for this plane is to be disassembled and sent to andrews air force base to be reassembled before it's final journey to washington d-c. reporting live in studio, jesssslue abc9 news tim: the second night of the siouxland film festival will go underway shortly at around 7pm folks from siouxl

congress, in particular the senate, want to know why we were in vietnam.e ministration's policies were. they wanted to hear from opponents. they gave equal status to critics of the war, as they did to supporters of the war. it is a real debate. george tenet was one of s distinguished diplomats. he wrote an article for a magazine, because he was a not takewho could sides in this issue. really suggesting that the policy of the u.s. needed to follow containment. it was the containment theory, the rationale for the u.s. to send troops to the imam. and here was the author of the containment theory saying no, it does not apply here. this is a mistake. clear that however justified our action may be in our own eyes, it has failed to win either enthusiasm or confidence, even among people who are normally friendly to us. our motives are widely misinterpreted. spectacleectacle, the emphasized and reproduced in thousands of press photographs and stories that appear in presses of the world. the spectacle of americans inflicting reavis injuries on poor people, and parti

next weekend on american reel america, vietnam hearings 50 years later. from february 1966, the senate floor in relations committee gave equal time to critics of the war and members of the johnson administration in hearings that were televised live. here is a preview. >> the vietnam hearings were probably some of the most extraordinary ever held by congress. they were hearings and investigations into a war that was still being fought. the senate wanted to know why we were in vietnam. what the administration's policies were. they wanted to hear from opponents of the war. they gave equal status to critics as to supporters. george kennan was one of america's most customers diplomats and theorists about diplomacy. andas he wrote an article signed it mr. x. because he was a diplomat and could not take sides. that suggested the policy united -- that's just the policy the united states should follow was containment. here was the author of the containment theory saying it does not apply. this was a mistake. it is clear however justified our own action may be in o

vietnam was an unpopular war. and protests raged across the country. >> neat -- vietnam was a very painful time for the country but it hasn't stopped. >> reporter: pouring over old photos and newspaper slippings -- clippings, june 3rd, 1969, a day they will never forget. two family members were serving. a ship struck the sdroir slicing it in half during a training exercise. the father survived, the son was lost at sea with other men. he left behind a young wife and a 14-month old son. >> i'll never have my dad and my son will never have my grandfather. that's painful. >> reporter: the names were never included on the war memorial in washington d.c.. he had seen gun battles. he traveled outside the official war zone to rearm and retrain. >> what i consider a very proud and long tradition of military service in the family. and i think it's dison habilitation to the service of -- dishonorablo -- to all the members of the family that his name is not on the wall. >> the united states government was unhappy about the fa

the main issue in vietnam is whether they can exist in vietnam organizations that workers can organizeot only at a particular place but can evolve a structure where there is true labor movement independent of the communist party. right now there is one union that is part of the government. if you believe those changes i going to be real, they should occur in meaningful ways before we vote and most importantly if there's any credibility the vietnamese government has to stop beating up people who are trying to form an independent union. >> want to thank you for doing this, appreciate you coming back. >> i appreciate, you work by the clock unlike congress. so i appreciate the chance, keep in touch because there will be more and more activity here next week as various groups