>> according to a june article, the hour-long film vietnam vietnam took the information agency three years to produce at a 250 thousand dollar price tag but was shelved because of the shifting military and political situation and doubts about the film's effectiveness as propaganda. directed by john ford who supported u.s. involvement in the vietnam war and narrated by charlton heston, this film is divided into two parts. the first looks at the vietnamese people, shows atrocities committed by the viet cong and north vietnamese forces, and documents the reasons for u.s. entry into the war. part two concentrates on the late 1960s debate over the war, with appearances by presidents, political leaders, activists, and soldiers and their spouses. this film includes graphic scenes of war and death that some viewers may find disturbing. the 1960's,of lolled itself into history with names of pride and shame. words for all time and words of passing fancy. the decade created a new vocabulary in the magnificent and the minuscule. kennedy,nis kurtz, pope john, john glenn, graham, the beatles, peac

critics of america's policy in vietnam have

to prevent future vietnam's. we americans are a "do-it-yourself people. we are impatient people. instead of teaching someone else to do a job, we like to do it ourselves. and this trade has been carried over to our foreign policy, in korea, and again in vietnam. the united states furnish most of the money, most of the arms and most of the men to help the people of those countries defend their freedom. before any american troops were committed to vietnam, a leader of another asian country said this opinion to me when i was traveling in asia as a private citizen >> he said, "when you are assisting another country to defend its freedom, u.s. policy should be to help them fight the war but not to fight the war for them. in accordance with this wise council, i laid down in guam three principles as guidelines for future american policy toward aid. first, united states will keep all of its treaty commitments. >> second, which all provide a shield if a nuclear power threatens the freedom of a nation allied with us or of

the vietnamization plan was launched following secretary laird's visit to vietnam in march. under the plan, i ordered first a substantial increase in the training and equipment of south vietnamese forces. in july, on my visit to vietnam, i changed general abrams' orders so that they were consistent with the objectives of our new policies. under the new orders, the primary mission of our troops is to enable the south vietnamese forces to assume the full responsibility for the security of south vietnam. our air operations have been reduced by over 20 percent. and now we have begun to see the results of this long overdue change in american policy in vietnam. after five years of americans going into vietnam, we are finally bringing american men home. by december 15, over 60,000 men will have been withdrawn from south vietnam including 20 percent of all of our combat forces. the south vietnamese have continued to gain in strength. as a result they have been able to take over combat responsibilities from our american troops. two other significant developments have occurred since t

vietnam. ♪ narrator: it was a strange mixture of peace and war, a battlefield nowhere and it battlefield everywhere. death atng the day, night, ally one moment, and be the next, lush jungle, barbed wire. it was all of this. was who wanted to find a war might have had to hunt for it. those who didn't want to find it were often became the hunted. around the world and in the united states of america, there was another battle, battle of words, politics and debate. the question was, who was the hunter in vietnam, and was the hunted? who would defined aggressor and defender? searchre was the larger for a definition of the workpiece. did peace mean only the absence of war, or the absence of war and fear and oppression? ♪ this film is a story of the 1960's in two parts, a story of both conflicts, of war and debate. in the 1960's, many americans did not believe the united states should help south vietnam, and dissent and demonstrations became to some a way of life. but in the beginning of the 1960's, t

an end fair to the people of south vietnam, fair to the people of north vietnam.posals which would bring peace and provide self-determination, and we are ready to consider any other proposals that have the same objective. many urge that if only we halted our bombing of the north, peace would follow. nearly a year has passed since the bombing of the north was halted. three months have passed since we began the process of troop replacement, signaling both our own genuine desire for settlement and the increased readiness of the south vietnamese to manage their own defense. as i announced on tuesday, by december 15, our troop strength in vietnam will have been reduced by a minimum of 60,000 men. on september 2, 1969, north vietnam's chief negotiator in paris said that if the united states committed itself to the principle of totally withdrawing its forces to south vietnam, and if it withdrew a significant number of troops, hanoi would take this into account. i repeat here today what i said in my speech of may 14, that we are prepared to withdraw all of our forces from

the war in vietnam. the deep division of vietnam as i'm many americans have lost confidence in what their government has told them about our policy. the american people cannot or should not support a policy overriding issues of war and peace, unless they know the truth about that policy. tonight, i would like to answer some of the questions are on the minds of many of you listening to me. how and why did america get involved in vietnam in the first place? how is this administration change a policy of the previous administration? what really happened in the negotiation of paris and the battlegrounds of vietnam? which voices do we have if we were to end the war? where do the prospects for peace? let me begin by describing the situation i found when i was inaugurated on january 20. the war had been going on for four years, 31,000 americans had been killed in action. the journey program for the south vietnamese was on schedule. 540,000 americans were in vietnam with no plans to reduce the number no progress

from vietnam. i think of all the arguments that are made, that is the least impressive. actually the world knows we have the power to exterminate every living inhabitant of vietnam if we unloosed that power. we could salt it over the way rome salted over carthage. it's not our power that's in question out there, it's the wisdom of our policy. and the world sees the biggest, richest, strongest nation dropping more bombs on north vietnam than we dropped in all of europe in the second world war. they see this tremendous disproportion of strength and wealth and that puts us in a very bad light in the world. in fact, this war has done more to undermine america's moral leadership in the world than anything that's ever happened to us. and the faster we put the matter right in southeast asia and end this war, the sooner we will begin to win back again the respect that this country ought to have throughout the world. >> what do you say to people who are really concerned -- and i know they're concerned -- ab

the first reality is that north vietnam has attacked the independent nation of south vietnam. its object is total conquest. of course, some of the people of south vietnam are partoning in attain -- parting in attack of their own government with trained arms, ordered an arms flow a constant stream from north to south. this support is the heartbeat of the war. and it is a war of unparalleled brutality. simple farmers are the targets of assassination and kidnapping. women and children are strangled in the night because their men are loyal to their government. and helpless villages are ravaged by sneak attacks, large-scale raids are contacted on towns, and terror strikes in the heart of cities. the confused nature of this conflict cannot mask the fact it is the new face of an old enemy. over this war and all asia is another reality. the deepening shad ining shado communist china. the rulers of urged on by peking. this is a rasheem which has destroyed freedom in tibet which has attacked india and has been condemned by the united nations for aggression in korea. it is a nation which

the first reality is that north vietnam has attacked the independent nation of south vietnam. it's object is total conquest. of course some of the people are participating in an attack on their own government, but trained men and supplies, orders and arms, flow in a constant stream from north to south. this support is the heart beat of the war. and it is a war of unparallel brutali brutality. simple farmers are the targets of killings. women and children are strangled in the night because their men are loyal to their government. and helpless villages are ravaged by sneak attacks. large scale raids are conducted on towns and terror strikes in the heart of cities. the confused nature of this conflict cost mask the fact that it is the new face of an old ene enemy. over this war, and all of asia is another realitity. the rulers in hanoi are urged on. this is a regime that has destroyed freedom in tibet that has attacked india and been condemned by the united nations for our aggression in korea. it is a nation that is helping the forces of violence and almost every continent. the c

how does he view the conflict of vietnam?in 1963, president kennedy with his characteristic eloquence and clarity said, we want to see a stable government there, carrying on the struggle to maintain its national independence. we believe strongly in that. we are not going to withdraw from that effort. in my opinion, for us to withdraw from that effort would mean a collapse not only of south vietnam but southeast asia, so we're going to stay there. president eisenhower and president johnson expressed the same conclusion during their terms of office. for the future of future of pea withdrawal would be a disaster of immense magnitude. a nation cannot remain great if it betrays its allies and lets down its friends. our defeat and humiliation in south vietnam, without question, would promote recklessness and the councils of those great powers who have not yet abandoned their goals of world conquest. this would spark violence wherever our commitments help maintain the peace. in the middle east, in berlin, eventually even in the west

freedom is not at issue for the people of vietnam. one way or the other, the kinds of freedom we know is not going to be a gift of this who are out there. >> when you got a question, frank, and particularly george, we are talking about this amendment to end the war, to most americans is how can i support this amendment? at the same time support my country and involvement we have had over the last 15 years. i think if people can resolve this in their own minds it will very willingly bring this war to an end to this a moment. >> the president said the other night that if we leave vietnam now, we are going to be through. i think he said we are going to be finished as a peacemaker in asia. well now i think we ought to quit trying to be the policeman for asia. let's quit trying to be a solo policeman and pacifier in asia alone. how ironic it would be if at long last we succeeded pacifying southeast asia and could not pacify our own society? >> invasion of cambodia, i think, was truly the straw that broke the camel's back. the writing to me

the first reality is that north vietnam has attacked the independent nation of south vietnam. it's object is total conquest. of course some of the people of south vietnam are participating in attack of their own government. turned men and supplies orders and arms, going a constant stream from north to south. this support is the heartbeat of the war. it is a war of unparalleled reality. several farmers are the targets of assassination and kidnapping. women and children are strangled in the night because their men are loyal to their government. how plus villages are ravaged by ethnic attacks. large-scale rates are conducted on towns. terror strikes in the heart of the cities. the confuse nature of this conflict cannot mask the fact that it is the new face of an old enemy. over this war and all of asia is another reality. the deepening shadow of communist times the rulers in annoy are urged on by the king. this is a regime which has destroyed freedom and tibet which has attacked india and has been condemned by the united nations in career. it is a nation which is helping the forc

following that, "vietnam! vietnam!" an hour long u.s. information film from 1971 directed by hollywood legend john ford. the film examines the people and culture of south vietnam and documents u.s. debate over the war with a critical eye on protesters and demonstrators. >> 69, 54 following. >> the silent majority, they have too many things on their mind. paying their taxes, seeing that their kids are all right not in , trouble. they work real hard, maybe their wives are working too, just trying to stay out of trouble and doing the right thing every day, day in and day out. if there is anything to me, the silent majority is a community like this. this is a common or ordinary community in the united states right here. this is what the united states is, the people who have their security tied up in their property, they take pride in their property, in their home, and this is what they work for. this is their life. so they are really silent because i feel that they just don't think they can fight city hall. >> they don't have any organizatio

getting drafted was the past disrupt to vietnam. he took his advice and enlisted, and got easy assignments in the united states. he arrived in vietnam in 1959 then he began to question the wisdom of the mission, johnny earned a silver star in four months the day he was killed in action. his funeral was the first military funeral i attended. tragedy has many faces but none like a general crying saluting his son's coffin. it was just another day in the life of america. in 1968. the presidential election could end all that if bobby ran and won as the antiwar democrats were showing him that he could. i was in high school i never heard my brothers talk about career planning only how to deal with the draft no long-term planning or career hopes and dreams, life was a short-term game as if they were prisoners that could only begin to think of life on the outside. the prison was in their pocket, with a draft registration card blocking their hopes and dreams of presidential election could end that, it was a matter of life and death for real p

but i really don't think i would go to vietnam. i will be damned if i will go. >> real love protesting and tearing things up, it is more for that than they are for the war. >> i resent your statement that i have a flag on my car and i am a hawk. >> i don't think it's true. i i am concerned with keeping the war going. i think they want to end it, but they are trying to show that they are americans. >> why are we there? because people made a lot of mistakes around 1963, 1964, and i don't think wrong decisions should cost me my life or my arms or my legs or something like that. >> if you go to vietnam, what is going to happen to your prosperity? >> you put people to work, give them salaries, give them big money, that is why you have to have these things. >> you have world war ii, you had korea, you have vietnam come after this, you are going to go to the east. >> so many people have to die, and it is a dirty shame. >> it is your politicians too who have to take a good portion of this blame, because i think there is a lot of them get a

is there between world war ii and the vietnam war? >> when you want to base it back to facts, we were attacked. i think i feel like my dad said. it's an attack. it's pearl harbor, it's -- you know, they came and like mike said some guy punches you in the mouth you're not going to let them walk away from you. i think i'd be in the lines enlisting, but i really don't think i'd go to vietnam. i'd be damned if i go. >> it's hard to say who is for and who is against, but what the hard hats are against is this real out is protesting and just tearing things up. it's more that than i think they fought a war. >> i resent a statement that i have a flag on my car that makes me a hawk. >> i think people that due by the american flag aren't concerned with keeping the war going. i think they want the war ended as much as i would, but they are trying to show that they are americans and they will pick people up that are there. >> why are we there? because some people made a lot of mistakes about 1963 or '64, and i think wrong decisions shouldn't have

why would he have to tap his phone over vietnam? okay.s i understood it, why would he attack his own over vietnam. >> well, because he -- lbj wanted to win that war and he didn't want anyone telling him -- getting off the farm about it. he wanted people to do what he told them to do and humphrey had reservations about the war and he knew it. he didn't want -- humphrey was -- had been a free spirit his whole career and he was in the situation where he had to be controlled. and johnson knew he could cause damage -- >> i think he was protecting his own legacy. >> yes, he was. that's right. >> we're going to close out our discussion in the 1968 convention. '68, national guardsmen who were in the streets holding back student protestors on the convention floor. this is hubert humphrey and a clip from the convention as he accepts the nomination. >> listen to this immortal sate, where there is hatred let me so love. where there is injury, pardon. where there is doubt, faith. where there is despair, hope. where there is darkness, light. those are

how are we ever going to disinvolve ourselves from vietnam? >> win it. >> but you -- >> who's paying for the war? >> we are. >> we are, that's right. >> that's right. >> for what? >> yeah, for what? >> for what? >> where's all the answers. >> where's all the answers. >> the communism should be stopped somewhere and it might as well be in vietnam, first thing you know communist china would love to get down into the pacific. they don't have enough room for their people as it is and they would just take over everything if they don't stop them in asia. >> every war that they say we fight to stop communism, it doesn't seem right because after all russia hasn't lost a man. and look what we've lost. >> do you feel that we've stopped the communism or do you feel it wasn't the real issue, or, you know -- >> no, i feel that our children born in vietnam that have now grown to manhood, and have never known anything but war, and i feel those people over there must be sick and tired of war. and i think that they're entitled to a time for peace. >> i have he

casualty of the vietnam war. he was quite emotional and had a tear in his eye. i wondered if you could talk more about his vietnam policy. >> well, the two trips he made to vietnam while he was vice president changed -- the first trip was scheduled for him and he went to a prescribed trip with all of the stops planned for him. he was watched pretty closely, and he saw only the good side of the war, spoke to the good generals, heard all the good news about the war. the second time, he decided to go on his own a year later. he went on his own, went to hospitals, talked to people. and at that point, he quit cheerleading the war because he found out about the corruption in the south vietnamese government and all the other things going on with the war and he realized it was lost. he came back from the second trip in late 1967 knowing the war needed to be over. but he was boxed in. he had been speaking out for the war for the last year, the year previous. and lyndon johnson was not going to let he speak against the war

he expanded the wind vietnam.domestically, he had raised a lot of hackles by instituting wage and price control. the economy was not doing well and 71. and there and inflation was a real concern. nixon then, did some things to try to reduce the inflation rate, and he spent a ton of money at the end of 71, early seventies here to boost the economy. he then began the american is a shun of the war in vietnam. increasingly relying a return to and entire demonstration. and he tried to counter by going to china and establishing normal diplomatic relations, with communist china. which the anti communist nixon came quite a surprise. so he managed to orchestrate events, sort of his presidency reached its peak in 1972. his great accomplishment in office occurred in 1972, and took away a lot of the government's arguments of why nixon should be supported. two other quick things about what mcgovern misjudgements he made. he thought george wallace was gonna run against, as a third party. and aside from a lot of voters and nixon

flooding and landslides have killed at least $36.00 people in vietnam a tropical storm made landfall earlier adding to the damage done by heavy downpours in recent days and the country is braced for more rain and a chapell reports. entire villages submerged but even before tropical storm don cost truck this region hundreds of thousands of families in central vietnam were struggling to cope 2 weeks of rain have left communities isolated many can only be reached by boat it is. close to a 1000000 people. and. and. none cars expected to drop up to 400 millimeters of rain in north and central vietnam by friday 200000 homes have already been flooded along with rice fields that people depend on to earn

no drafty's are being sent to vietnam. we have reduced our casualties by 98%. we have gone the extra mile. in fact, we have gone tens of thousands of miles trying to seek a negotiated settlement of the war. we have offered a cease-fire, a total withdrawal of all american forces, an exchange of all prisoners of war, internationally supervised free elections with the communist participating in the elections and in the supervision's. there are three things, however, that we have not and that we will not offer. we will never abandon our prisoners of war. [applause] second, we will not join our enemies in imposing a communist government on our allies, the 17 million people of south vietnam. [applause] and we will never stay in the honor of the united states of america. [applause] now i realize that many, particularly in this political year, wonder why we insist on an honorable peace in vietnam. from my political standpoint, they suggest that since i was not an office went over a half 1 million american men were sent there, but i should end the war by agreeing to imp

the pullout from vietnam.understands he is appealing to the silent majority and that is what his campaign is it out. >> hubert humphrey comes out on vietnam still tied to lyndon johnson's policy? >> probably worse. lyndon johnson as a fund he is holding on to that he does not release to him. the democratic national committee has no money. he has no money. he has to borrow money to start his campaign. no tv ads. the promotion whatsoever. he is 20 debt -- 20 points down in the polls. >> how does it play out? >> he runs into -- it continues like that until the end of september. it continues and nothing changes. then he gives a speech in late september on september 30 and solid city where he -- he capital-letter to lose at that point. he makes a break with johnson in a real subtle way or a call for a bombing halt and bring the troops on. things change instantly. he gets something like $1 billion in cash come into him. people side as a chance. the next play see what, it is humphrey we are for you per >> here is a s

this older generation that fought in vietnam on --he fall in vietnam, this was a communist vietnam backte china. thirdly, they see that democrats are not good on law and order. cv enemies americans of the through a vietnam mom -- the vietnam war lens. they feel are -- they feel that there could be a threat relad to the vietnam war. theyee protesters once again on the streets. jane: you keep saying the older generation. uddoes that mean att are actually changing? guest: i think so. this older generation is prisoners of their o past. monolith vote.ey are not a the vietnamese-american community. of the 100 thousands of voters that arein residinome of these battleground states, those that are under 50 identify less and less with the gop. they are basically leading to the leftal there historeferences and touchstones differed from their elders. if manyf them came during this. , they were refugees. another sort of reference would their ties to the old country, vietnam, oria ties to atter less. trump's racist dog whistling presents a bigger challenge and threat to beat in the mi's and all asian

vietnam or vietnam, would you be prepared to be open negotiations of restoration for relations with that country? >> as long as north vietnam does not give us a full and complete accounting of our missing in action, i will never go along with the admission of vietnam to the united nations. if they do give us a bonafide , complete accounting of the 800 mias, then i believe that the united states should begin negotiations for the admission of vietnam to the united nations. given usntil they had the full accounting of our mias. >> governor carter. embarrassing most phases of the ford administration and one that touches on human rights is his refusal to appoint a presidential commission to go to vietnam, to go to laos, to go to cambodia, and try to trade for the release of information about those who are missing in action in those wars. ofs is what the families mias wants. mr. ford has not done it. we have had several fragmentary efforts by members of the congress and by private citizens. several months ago, the vietnam government said we are ready to negotiate for release of information on

they know that vietnam is a rascal and a thief who steals the timber for. the a use is the deal will only proceed if it's convinced vietnam is acting lawfully but there is no doubt about this illegal cross border trade it's something even high ranking officials in the government it made it out i mean there is still timber going. across the border because there is a black market in that area these activities are illegal that's why the ministry of environment as well as other relevant ministries and border officials cracking down on forests cripes. back in the car with my mountain wildlife alarms foreign enforcers a new school drug and another day's patrol with local rangers and police. illegal logging encroaching go hand in hand here where the locals are going in the forest. to collect fruits or whatever they are bringing with them to homemade gun snares so they can honk and set up truck from the same times. by entitled to hunt for their own use hunting in a protected area it's illegal and i was. illegal but right fortunately sometimes the hunters get caught

for now, though, some calm weather is expected for northern vietnam.oi will be 26, and showers domominatating ho chi minh city da nang. towards europe, unstable weather conditions, that has brought some significant amount of rainfall, close to 240 mill 3450e9 e-- milllimeters in parts of spain, with 230 kilometers of gusts coming up, leading g to ppossibilities of power cuts because of the power lines that would be toppled of. you can see this low pressure system here. we will be continuing again for your wednesday into the rest of the week. we can see a lot of low pressure systems affecting weather in greece and italy. but for now, much of eastern europe will be slightly drier. there is a bit of a high pressure system moving things clear along those parts. but you can see along the scandinavian countries, cooler, rainy weather will be coming your way. temperatures here in stockholm with the possibility of snowfall is expected there. once again, rainy and later stormy weather, possibility of gusts and also some hail could be developing in certain place

no draftees are being sent to vietnam. we have reduced our casualties by 98%. gone the extra mile. in pafact, we've gone tens of thousands of miles to seek a negotiation in the war and we have a cease-fire in exchange for all prisoners of war, internationally supervisedy from elections with the communists participating in the elections and in the supervisions. there are three things we have not and will not offer. we will never abandon our prisoners of war. [ cheers and applause ] [ applause ] >> and second, we will not join our enemies in imposing a communist government on our allies of the 17 million people of south vietnam. [ applause ] >> and we will never stain the honor of the united states of america. [ applause ] now i realize that many particularly in this political year wonder why we insist on an honorable peace in vietnam. from a political standpoint they suggest that if iowa is not in office when over half a million american men were sent there, that i should end the war by agreeing to impose a communist government on the people of south vietnam and

vietnam in them in health vietnam side so the damage is cut so shocks you would fund raising campaigns were launched asking us to donate money for vietnam do you feel vietnam be spending to have inside them up thank you family man you sure know about it. yet you always on schmutz think fish on your phone would get cindy trying to make a fall when you're in here for a new me i get you and then check one maybe comment. i discovered that most of the money was used solely to buy arms however people really did send packages i can remember that we too took that seriously i thought it was a good thing when she was. in 1975 the war ended in victory for the north vietnamese and a further blow to the supposed that moral superiority of the west estimate. something casualties of the war primarily been amazed civilians range between 2 and 5000000 people peace in vietnam was at least followed by a period of detente between the 2 superpowers culminating and the whole in ski accords in 1975. the $35.00 signatories pledge to settle disputes peacefully and to observe fundamental freedoms and human right

from north vietnam congress and the south. early in the nixon presidency, the war was escalating, seemed to be expanding, not winding down. this really outraged the anti-war movement and gave mcgovern even greater impetus to want to run against nixon and the campaign. later as it came closer to the election, nixon understood he needed to start disengaging american troops and going through the process he called vietnamization sophisticate war. by 1972 there were only a couple hundred thousand combat troops left in vietnam at that point. as mcgovern was making the decision to run, he thought nixon was escalating the war, not winding it down. >> jules witcover, in 1971 the pentagon papers are first published. what's the impact of this? >> well, actually the pentagon papers were not as revealing as was said to be because a lot of what were in the pentagon papers were known. but it gave more credibility to what was at the time very mixed public feeling about the protest against vietnam war. i think the impression now is that the co

[applause] let me speak first then about vietnam.re are differences, of course, serious differences, within our party on this vexing, painful issue of vietnam. and these differences are found even within the ranks of all the democratic presidential candidates. what might i say to my fellow americans that once you have examined the differences, i hope you will also recognize the much larger areas of agreement. [applause] let those who believe that our cause in vietnam has been right -- or those who believe it has been wrong -- agree here and now that neither vindication nor repudiation will bring peace or be worthy of our country. [applause] the question is, not the yesterday's, but the question is what do we do now? no one knows what the situation in vietnam will be when the next president of the united states takes that oath of office on january 20, 1969. but every heart in america prays that, by then, we shall have reached a cease-fire in all vietnam, and be in serious negotiation towards a durable peace. [applause] meanwhile, as a

is accusing vietnam of further trade practices a move that could lead to china. from washington live analysis on after the break. so what we've got to do is identify the threats that we have it's crazy confront cation let it be an arms race. spearing dramatic development only mostly i'm going to resist i don't see how that strategy will be successful very critical time to sit down and talk. the world is driven by a dream shaped by one person. thinks . we dare to ask. let's start back in the northeast of any event the murder of middlesboro has spoken dollars against new coronavirus restrictions saying they're doing more harm than good and the preston talked to our. government announced to extraordinary short notice they certainly didn't communicate with us at all a range of measures to to try and protect people from these measures went way beyond what was necessary and they're actually going to stifle all kinds of problems and of course thousands potentially thousands of job losses because damage mental health and are going to break down some of the elements of so

health vietnam side. its cut so shocked you would fund raising campaigns were launched asking us to donate money for vietnam do you feel vietnam to spend it not inside cannot thank you family simply ma'am we are you sure enough about. would get cindy palin make a fall when you're. in new york edge and then check one maybe comment. afai discovered that most of the money was used solely to buy arms however people really did send packages i can remember that we too took that seriously i thought it was a good thing when she was. in 1975 the war ended in victory for the north vietnamese and a further blow to the supposed that moral superiority of the west estimates of the casualties of the war primarily been the means civilians range between 2 and 5000000 people peace in vietnam was at. east followed by a period of detente between the 2 superpowers culminating and the whole in ski accords in 1975. the $35.00 signatories pledged to settle disputes peacefully and to observe fundamental freedoms and human rights

no one knows what the situation in vietnam will be.hen the next president of the united states takes that oath of office on january 20th, 1969. but every heart in america prays that by then we shall have reached a cease-fire in all vietnam and be in serious negotiation towards a durable peace. because plautz [ applause ] meanwhile, as a citizen, a candidate and vice president, i pledge to you and to my fellow americans that i shall do everything within my power, within the limits of my capacity and ability to aid the negotiations and to bring a prompt end to this war. pruz pruz [ applause ] >> all of our lives in uncertain and challenge and peril. the words of a prophet? yes. the words of a president? yes. the words of the challenge of today? yes. and the words of john kennedy to you and to me and to posterity. [ applause ] >> last week we witnessed once again in czechoslovakia the desperate attempt of tyranny to crush out the forces of liberalism by force and brutal power. to hold back change. but in eastern europe as elsewhere, the o

vietnam and them in health vietnam side. is god so shocked you would fund raising campaigns were launched asking us to donate money for vietnam do you feel good numbers been did you have inside them up thank you family man let you sure know about. you always on schmutz think fish on your phone with jets and panamanian fog. you know for a new me i get you and then change one maybe comment. i discovered that most of the money was used solely to buy arms however people really did send packages i can remember that we too took that seriously i thought it was a good thing when she was. in. 1975 the war ended in victory for the north vietnamese in a further blow to the supposed it moral superiority of the west the estimates of the casualties of the war primarily been the means civilians range between 2 and 5000000 people peace in vietnam was at least followed by a period of detente between the 2 superpowers culminating and the whole in ski accords in 1975. the $35.00 signatories pledge to settle disputes peacefully and to observe f

if you get the accounting of missing an action that you want from north vietnam, from vietnam, i'm sorry would you then be prepared to reopen negotiations? >> let me restate my policy, as long as vietnam, north vietnam does not give us a full and complete account of missing in action, i will never go along with the admission that vietnam be a part of the united nations. if they give us a bona fide, complete accounting of the 800 mia, i believe the united states should begin negotiations for the admission of vietnam to the united nations. but not until they have given us the full accounting of our mia. >> one of the most era embarrassing failures of the ford administration, one that touches on human rights, is his refusal to appoint a presidential commission to go to vietnam, to go to laos, to go to cambodia and try to take for the release of information about those who are missing an action in those wars. this is what families want. so far mr. ford is not on it. we've had several fragmentary efforts by members of the congress and by private citizens. several months ago the vietnam govern

he felt vietnam was a mistake. the united states had misread it as a war against communist expansion which he didn't think was true. >> and that's where we want to go next and talk about the early life of george mcgovern before we talk about the '72 campaign. the mcgovern campaign hired a documentary filmmaker to produce a series of short films about the candidate. as we turn to tell the story of young mcgovern, here is a look at the films. >> he was george stanley mcgovern, birthplace, avon, south dakota. he grew up in mitchell and started school there. but the more lessons were learned at home. from his mother, a gentle spirit. and from his father, christian principles and hard work. his father had spent his boyhood in the illinois coal country where the 14-hour days were measured out at 10 cents a bucket. but he found time to read the scriptures and decided to abandon the mine for the pulpit. revenue mcgovern built his last church in mitchell when george was 5. as a boy, george had his father's love of history b