were not only tensions and conflicts but riots in place like philadelphia where the main campus of villanova university was torched to the ground. one of the reasons, the real reason had to do with bible reading in the public schools and whether catholic kids could read the douay version rather than the king james version. this was such an affront to the protestant establishment that there were riots in the street and the governor had to call out the card to put down the rebellion. it is not by any means a smooth evolution, but it has been an evolution nevertheless, and catholics are now basically considered the mainstream in the united states. post-1965, immigration is predominantly from latin america and asia. the latin american immigrants are predominantly christian. the main demographic, the impact is really putting more members into the roman catholic church, unlike the native born, two-one protestant coming into this country, they are now 2-1 catholic. they are overwhelmingly catholic as opposed to protestant. but the rest of the immigrants coming in, a large percentage of them, look a

it was in the parish in villanova -- in philadelphia. one of the reasons -- the real reason, the precipitating reason had to do with bible reading in the public schools and whether, you know, catholic kids would be allowed to read the new age version rather than the king james version. it was such an affront to the protestant establishments that the governor had to pull out the guard to put down the rebellion. so it's not by any means been a smooth evolution but it has been an evolution, nevertheless, and now catholics basically are considered the mainstream in the united states. obviously post-1965 immigration, jennifer mentioned, it's predominantly from platin america and asia. about 75 hrs%, 80% -- 75%, 80% from those areas. the main demographic impact they're having is really putting more members into the roman catholic church. unlike the native born who are 2-1 protestant. immigrants coming into this nation are 2-1 catholic. so they are overwhelmingly christian unlike in europe, but they're overwhelmingly catholic as opposed to prot

he has a bachelor's from the university of memphis, a master's from villanova, and a doctorate from the university of chicago. please join me in welcoming our panel. [applause] we will proceed much like the first panel did. we will spend the better part of an hour talking amongst ourselves, then we will invite all of you to weigh in with questions and comments. i would like to kick this off by asking our panelists to respond very briefly to the question that headlines our panel. to do so respect above your own work, let me restate the question. what are the primary entities today calling on the loyalties of americans and how did these sub-loyalty's affect the way we view our relationship to the nation as a whole? jennifer, start us off. >> i think it's terrific that we have this opportunity to discuss what is uniting us, what is dividing us, and what tomas said earlier is quite thought- provoking. the same things that seem to be dividing us also seem to be uniting us. what i wanted to talk about today were three things that i felt were important which are immigration a common language,

from villanova and a phd in political science from the university of chicago.se join me in welcoming our panel. [applause] will proceed much like the first panel didn't spend the better part of an hour talking amongst ourselves and then will invite all of you to weigh in with questions and comments. and i'd like to take it off by asking her panelists to respond briefly to the briefing that headlines are panel. from the perspective of her on the ebony restate the question once again. what are primary entities calling upon loyalties of americans and how did the sub loyalties affect the way we review -- affect the way we view our relationship to the nation as a whole. i know we asked jennifer lee to start us off. >> i think it's really terrific that we have this opportunity to discuss what is uniting us, what is dividing us and let tomas had earlier is really quite thought provoking as the same things that seem to be dividing us also seem to be uniting us. what i want to talk about today were three things that i thought were important, which is immigration, langua