vincent chan is a senior analyst at bernstein. welcome, good to have you with us. let's start with the idea that a medicine's cost might be adjusted by how well it performs. is that something that's really feasible? >> i think that's actually something we're starting to see a little bit more of over time. i think it's potentially an effective way to facilitate access. payers. i think we'll see more of it as we see more motion towards more innovative pricing plans, especially for these high cost drugs. if we think about the arguments around drug pricing, one of the areas of debate is the idea of how can you better align the price paid to the value that's delivered in te hea care. and rebates or some sort of outcomes based pricing, tying the price to the outcome achieved, we've seen a few examples already in the united states, novartis has a cell therapy for cancer that was recently approved, and the price there is $475,000 per year, but cms will only pay if patients actually respond. another example would be the high priced cholesterol drugs. some companies have dea