virginia would pass it in 1662. we would see the same thing happen in connecticut, in maryland, in the carolinas, both north and south carolina, and in other places. and so virginia really was the source of so much. in fact, the virginia colony had the largest number of people of african descent than any of the other colonies in the 17th century, and they would continue to have the largest number. that number would grow, which is why so many, by the time we get into the latter part of the 18th and early 19th century, so many, due to domestic slave trade, would be sold from virginia, moved into the territories of kentucky and tennessee, and going on finally over to the mississippi river area, where you have louisiana, mississippi, east texas, and so forth. and so recognizing this history and understanding that these people who arrived in 1619 by force, that they somehow were able to persevere. they somehow were able to construct families and to construct a life for themselves, even in the midst of severe oppression,

virginia --hampton hampton, virginia.pecifically, this is the site of what they called old point comfort. this is where all of the ships coming in from ocean would come in, doc, offload supplies ck, offload supplies and personnel and others. this was the site where the first africans from west central africa arrived in the jamestown colony. this is a significant time period, because this is the beginning of the african presence in what we would later call the united states of america. and, we would really see them contributing not only their skills, their talents, but also their fight for freedom and equality began right here in hampton, virginia. host: if you could, explain the journey they took from africa and how they ended up at your location, point comfort, in hampton, virginia. guest: sure. controllingse were a port called lawanda in today's angola. this is the west central post, where there were a number of kingdoms. one of the most dominant kingdoms, i should say two, the kingdom of nadango in the kingdom of the c

the virginia museum of history and culture in richmond, virginia. and welcome to our latest special exhibition that is entitled determine, the 400 year struggle for black equality. it is part of the -- of the statewide confederate -- commemoration of significant events that happened in virginia. and for the mentally shape the course of american. shaped the course of american history. it is called american evolution 2019. and the determined exhibition is a legacy project of that statewide commemoration. and in particular, determined commemorates the 1619 arrival of the africans in virginia. it looks at the ensuing 400 years and traces the legacy of slavery in virginia through emancipation, segregation, the modern civil rights movement up until the present day. one of the unifying themes is the struggle for equality. it is ways inplores various which black virginians have fought for equality and that means freedom from enslavement and oppression. whether that means fighting for equal justice and equal access for opportunities. it is for the considerat

virginia has evolved in northern virginia has really changed. the commonwealth of virginia i think the majority were not worn in virginia who live in the commonwealth of virginia today but it's a great state agreed of state at a .5 million people and i thought it was important we lay out the context of the history of virginia and the challenges they face. a lot of the issues we had a horrible racist past. we were the capital of the confederacy. it was different for me. i grew up in upstate new york and a lot of the things i discovered i had never thought of. i talked earlier in the book went to my first event held there in virginia the body man who was with me my aid that tall young african-american man was waiting for me to finish and a woman came up and said you know you need to be careful young man. he said, why? he said there's a kkk rally going on. i'll be honest with you dahlia i didn't know the kkk was still having rallies. at an event after that i was out campaigning with my wife and she went up to him and said he gave her -- she gave hi

has evolved northern virginia has really changed. the commonwealth now those that actually live in the commonwealth a great state of eight.5 million people but that's important because they have the context of the history of the average among - - a virginia because a lot of the issues we were the capital of the confederacy. it was different for me growing up in upstate new york i talked early in the book from harrisburg virginia a tall young african-american man who said you need to be careful and he said why cracks there is a kkk rally going on. i was still having rallies and after that to campaign with my wife and then gave the guy a brochure and threw it on the grounds that i would never vote for your husband he is a teetwelve as those horrible nazis and supremacist came to virginia we still have 335 million people but there is a small subset who are haters driving out from underneath the rocks. >>host: is one of the things we are seeing even with the el paso shooting is the white supremacist or ethnic no nationalist but that anxi

. >> will come to the virginia museum of history and culture in richmond, virginia. and welcome to our latest special exhibition that is entitled determine, the 400 year struggle for black equality. it is part of the statewide commemoration. it is called american evolution 2019. and the determined exhibition is a legacy project of the statewide commemoration. , determinedcular ofmemorates the 1619 arrival the africans in virginia. it looks at the ensuing 400 years and traces the legacy of slavery. it is the struggle for equality. it is fought for equality and that means freedom from enslavement and oppression. whether that means fighting for equal justice and equal access for opportunities. is for the consideration of humanity. it uses the unifying thread of a fight for equality. d, thetle determine phrases meant to embody the strength, resilience, and determination of black people forms of various oppression and discrimination throughout our history. the word determined also evokes notions of predetermination and your position in american society is often dictated b

he began his civil rights activism in virginia. her walker, he organized a range -- walker, he organized a range of nonviolent protests of nonviolent segregation. he led marches against segregated swimming pools. he led a demonstration and a -- at a public library, and other kinds of organizing activities to protest segregation. regarding his library demonstration, and other civil rights activists went to the they went to the whites only section of the petersburg public library in 1951. and he tried to check out the biography of the confederate general robert e lee. it shows an amazing amount of cheek and wit. and for trying to use the whites only section of the library, wyatt t walker had the police called. he was arrested. his first of 17 arrests over the course of his career as a civil rights activists. that's one of the items we have on view in the exhibition. wyatt t walker became very close friends with dr. martin luther king jr. they first met at an inter-seminary conference in the early 1950's. walker became king's right-ha

virginia is not the peanuts state. virginia is the state of promises.he only question is, will we keep them? [applause] >> sharing remarks from the national parks service, please welcome the deputy director. [applause] good morning. speaker're the 11th following [laughter] these distinguished individuals [laughter] laureatepoor -- poet than a young man who will steal all of our hearts it is a rough assignment but as the deputy director of the national park service, i take that responsibility but i will try to be brief area. [laughter] welcome to all of you today who are distinguished guests. we are grateful for some money for helping to make for monroe one of the 419 national park units of the national park system. will recognize -- [applause] we recognize the important responsibility we have as stewards of fort monroe national monument and its role in so many facets of our history. since the creation of the national park service in 1916, dutyears ago tomorrow, our has been to care for america's extraordinary places and the stories they harbor. certainl

northern virginia has really changed the commonwealth of virginia. think a majority now actually were not born in virginia who actually live in the come wael of virginia. i thought it was important to lay out the context of the history of virginia and the challenges faced, bag new yorker, rug for office, and then bus a lot of the issues we had had a horrible racist past, we were the capital of the confess rade, it was -- con fed wase, it was different for me, i grew up in upstate new york, a lot of the thing is uncovered i never thought of. talked early the book, one of my first events in virginia, was at an event and body man who was with me, mr. aide, tall, young african-american man was at the bar witnessing for me to finish and a woman said you need to be careful, young man, and he said why? and she said, there's a kkk rally going on. and i'll be honestive you issue didn't know the kkk was still having rallies, and an event after that, i was out campaigning with my wife, and she went up to a man and said i love you to vote for my husband, gave th

welcome to virginia's finest congressional district, the fourth congressional district of virginia.mr. mayor, i want to thank you, and i want to thank all the dignitaries and people who are with us on this solomon important occasion. today is an emotional day for me and i hope we can get through this chat without shedding too many tears. when you walk into that exhibit in the first thing you see is these faceless figures with 20 some oddly gross, it just grabs you. and to think 400 years later, 56 of their children had the honor and privilege of serving in the united states congress. god is good all the time. [applause] as i stand here today, almost inside of the confederate chapel, i am reminded how far we have come and, yes, how far we have to go. i'm reminded that we stand on the shoulders of those who come before, on the shoulders of those who make sacrifice to improve our lives. whether it was an enslaved individual risking harsh and severe punishment to seek freedom, or even to learn to read or learn to worship or those who after the civil war risked their lives and lynchings

commonwealth of virginia.ble satellite corp. 2019] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] announcer: now you are watching american history tv. every weekend beginning saturday at 8:00 a.m. eastern, we give you 48 hours of unique programming exploring our nations past. american history tv is only on c-span3. american history tv products are now available at the new span online store. spanstore.com and check out all of the he span products. presidency, on the former secret service agents talk about protecting the first family, and the challenges they faced. the agentr includes who prevented the 1995 assassination attack on president gerald forward. >> here is a preview. >> my position at the time was. >> right at his left shoulder, so as he is walking along shaking hands, i am kind of concentrating on his hands, kind of in a downward motion, because i didn't want to have anybody grabbed too long, take his watch or w

wealth of virginia i would say they have evolved northern virginia has really changed i think now the majority the great state of eight.5 million people but i thought it was important in that context in the history of virginia and those challenges that i face as a new yorker running for office because a lot of the issues we had a horrible racist past, it was different for me i grew up state new york what i had uncovered i never thought of one of my first events and virginia the body man was waiting for me to finish and a woman said be careful young man he said there is a kkk rally going on to be honest i didn't know they were having rallies. after that i was out campaigning with my wife she went up to a man and gave him a brochure he said i would never vote to your husband. and as i say to those white supremacist and neo-nazis do virginia that weekend we are still a nation of millions of people but we do have these laws and donald trump has driven out those haters with his lies. >> it is so interesting because one of the things we are seeing even with the wake of the el paso shooting

virginia wouldn't complain or what would virginia do? she really is someone once you get to know has a big impact on your life fashionably courageous woman. i am astonished that more people don't know more about her and i intend to change that and i can with your help. dc is my favorite us city and don't tell boston right just was but it has a mixed time for virginia however. she fought many battles in her life and the one that she fought in france she intended to win those that she fought in dc not so much. she had a hard time here. is called the woman of no impulses because of the way she was treated right here in the city. and it is the ironic title because they thought of her as the most dangerous allied spy at all there is a lot of competition for that title. they issued an order across france because everybody else is occupying france. but what she did admit she was decorated by the french republic, a british king and an american president yet all of that was done in secret so she has remained in the shadows and i would really like

when wilder won virginia's gubernatorial race. he entered many of these political victories through building a wide coalition across racial lines. be judged by his achievements, by his positions, not by the color of his skin. it was that kind of coalition building that served as a model for other politicians, including president barack obama. in his presidential victory, in 2008 and 2012. that was the moment when virginia, after decades of voting for republican presidential candidates turned from red to blue voted for a democratic candidate. after looking at these various fears of achievement, the exhibition brings us up to the present day. and explores recent issues for activism around racial problems in this country. the rise of white supremacism. and new forms of black activism. activism is designed to confront lingering problems. around race, around systemic racism. disparityeconomic between white people and people of color. our goals for the determined exhibition is to not only showcase the remarkable stories from across 400

i started teaching law at the university of virginia.oon after i was appointed, the governor appointed a constitutional revision. i was asked to be the executive director. i did not tell them i had not even read the old virginia constitution. the first thing i had to do was go read it. i was amazed when i found their. if you fought a duel in virginia, you lost your right to vote. then i was asked to work for the legislature. finally the governor asked me if i would chair the constitutional reform campaign. in theble to be involved drafting, the legislation's adoption, the popular approval, the whole process. it was an amazing experience. that ready to go to places like prague and budapest and warsaw. when you have been beat up on by the the members of the virginia legislature, there is nothing else anybody can do. constitutions are not abstract documents. they reflect reality. they have a history of a people and their aspirations and their way of thinking. 1989, theion after constitutions that emerged were very western oriented. they ado

virginia --hampton hampton, virginia.cifically, this is the site of what they called old point comfort. this is where all of the ships coming in from ocean would come in, doc, offload supplies ck, offload supplies and personnel and others. this was the site where the first africans from west central africa arrived in the jamestown colony. this is a significant time period, because this is the beginning of the african presence in what we would later call the united states of america. and, we would really see them contributing not only their skills, their talents, but also their fight for freedom and equality began right here in hampton, virginia. host: if you could, explain the journey they took from africa and how they ended up at your location, point comfort, in hampton, virginia. guest: sure. controllingse were a port called lawanda in today's angola. this is the west central post, where there were a number of kingdoms. one of the most dominant kingdoms, i should say two, the kingdom of nadango in the kingdom of the con

what are they in virginia? in virginia, whites outnumber propitiou county? southampton county has more slaves than whites. i also want to go back to this map of cotton production. production extends into southampton county. when we see where it is going, we know where sleigh production is going. the black belt, the mississippi river. this will also play an important role in the revolt. why? we see the shift of the slave population from the coast, which is where it is in the 1830 map, to the mississippi river area. without taking the slave population away from virginia. virginia still has a slave population, it is just the growth in slave population happens in the west. slaves ine number of the country in 1830? 2 million. in 1860? 4 million. -- enormousowth in growth in slave population in the country. notice this. slaves -- i don't want to get my numbers reversed -- southampton county population down. why? slaves tot a centralwhat induce rebel? ,ne thing that may have done this may be one of thewhat indu? nat turner. who is he? whites thought he was crazy. f

back to virginia. congress vote to do in as well. and the congress became 60% of its original size when they go back to virginia. they were preskrient. four years later and the slaved trade is banned in the district they saw it coming. and they wanted to get out. >> so tell me a bit about clolgt city, a history of race and democracy in the nays nation's capitol. why chocolate city what does it mean. >> we took the term from folks who had used it as a nickname for the city in the late 1960s. it becomes famous when articlement funk a dellic writes an owed to washington, d.c. called chocolate city. we knew as soon as we want we put it together we wanted to use the nickname. we make the argument because d.c. was majority black from the 1957 to the 2011, the first majority black city in the nation. one cht black et up to the mid-70% range in the 70s. but we wanted to make the case because of the large black population that had been here since the beginning, at least 20% at every point of the city history th

, readjusting virginia's debt after the war and other measures like that. some of the objects we have related beaker jacobs -- peter embraces the eager activism of black men once they got the right to participate in politics. there is a poll book from norfork county which lists the color voters as they were described who registered to vote in 1867. there is also a broadside about democraticeting of a republican association which was aligned of black men and white union supporters who were advocating to give black men the right to vote, in the days of the civil war. the political activism started early on. >> learn more about african-american history and our tour of the virginia museum of history and culture, sunday at 6 p.m. and 10 p.m. eastern on american artifacts. you are watching american history tv, only on c-span-3. cathy: national history day is a program that culminates in student competition. students are encouraged to pick a topic in history. that can be anything. it can be world history, local, national, state, ancient, modern, everything in betw

virginia thought it would cooperate with a place like virginia to save the united states. and they voted over and over again not to leave the united states. all they were on the cutting edge of voting to stay in the united states. but i don't want to ruin the story for you. they don't. and those guys decided overnight they were loyal confederates. and then they sacrificed and led the confederacy all the way through. how do you do that? how do you argue for union one day and represent the confederate congress the next? that's the sort of thing that i think that we need to make room in our imagination for rather than kind of rushing this story along. for the north, my goal was to give credit to the northerners who actually took a stand against slavery. not to say that this was just economics or states rights or natural american impulse toward equality. no. people had to risk their careers, their reputations. their marriages to say that we cannot let the south leave and we cannot let slavery expand across the country. so by sort of a blanket explanation, we explain nothing. p

to virginia. the district became roughly 60% of its original size when they go back to virginia. four years later they were -- four years later in the compromise of 1850 the slave trade is banned in the district, and so they saw it coming and they wanted to get out. >> so, tell me a little bit about "chocolate city: a history of race in the capital." >> we took the term as folks who used it as a nickname for the city in the late 1960s. it becomes famous when there's an ode to the city called "chocolate city." we knew as soon as we put together the book project that we wanted to use that nickname. we make the argument, of course, because d.c. was a majority black city from 1957 until 2011. the first majority black city in the nation. and one of the blackest. it goes up into the mid-70% range in the 1970s. but we wanted to make the case because of the large black population that had been here since the beginning, at least 20% at every point in the city's history, that d.c. has always been a chocolat

it was 60% of its original size when they go back to virginia. the slave trade is banned in the district so they sought coming and they wanted to get out.>> tell me about the history and the nation's capital. >> it becomes famous when parliament owed to washington, d.c. in 1975. we know as soon as we put together a book project that they wanted to use that nickname. we make the argument of course because they were in 1957 until 2011. is one of the blackest goes into the mid-70% range in 1970s. wanted to make the case that because of the large population that had been used as the beginning at least 20%. wheels had a very large population that influence how the city is governed. >> thank you for speaking with us. >> i think it contributes to keeping assistance in place that takes accountability. i think it is an easy way to bring in something with angelica realism is that as a way to get the votes which seems like about the worst possible way. >> watched every weekend on c- span. >> they wanted to protect people from their rulers. the fate of this

we have that in virginia. they work but the problem that we are having is that students typically get there but need to spend an extra semester because not everything counts. time is the enemy and it also adds extra financial burden. we are working out the kinks but at the minimum i think congress should require that public systems have guaranteed articulation, agreements and alignments. >> did anyone else want to comment? >> reynold verret we received-- we have articulation agreements to make them effective what we do is-- students with the pathway they have to take and what courses they need to take their becoming a psychology major. or aspiring to pharmacy, take the right chemistry courses. it helps us understand and waste less time. also, that they can be part of the community before they finish their degree as well. >> mr. klein? >> thank you madam chair. and glad to be here even if he is from massachusetts. i went to college in new england and he was from lola and i'm from boston,. chancellor, your roots

at point comfort, historic fort monroe virginia. we are live with the university history professor for the history and origin of slavery in america. at 9:30, live coverage of the commemorative ceremony with speeches by government officials. the history of africans in liveca from fort monroe saturday beginning at: 30 a.m. on c-span's washington journal and on american history tv on c-span3. our look at bozeman continues as we visit with crystal, with the extreme history project as she looked to the over -- the history of the city. crystal: we are here in the extreme history project offices which used to be a historic brothel. extreme history is a nonprofit that is located here in bozeman. we bring history to the public in fund engaging and relevant ways. we do historic walking tours throughout the summer. we do a lecture series in the winter and we do workshops and other events around history. we try to get people to engage in history. what better way then in a historic brothel? in the 1980's, there was a real push to uncover more of

they lived in virginia. some of them had families and were the first generations of african-americans in this country. host: who were they? guest: there were two or three women and the rest of them were men. they had their own families and they established their own communities in virginia. host: and their ages? daina: they were middle ages, 17 to 24. host: how did slavery expand from that point? daina: slavery expanded gradually. it was not an institution initially. but as time went on they saw source"ts were a "good of labor. i don't like using that phrase. but they cannot run away, they were surviving, unlike native people, who they did try to in slave. they decided that africans were the labor of choice. slavery was an institution that came gradually over time. host: what pushed it to become an institution over time? daina: clearing land, finding crops. to bacher -- tobacco, later on sugar, rice, and other crops , that they could use to produce the goods that would be sold in other parts of the world. in

on the big stage in virginia. didn't decide the war but it's all the big army space each other and got the most attention and most news reporters. the most photographers were around there. most of the peach -- pictures you see in the civil war are the virginia theater. it gets attention. he's going against top opposition. teaching theo be army of the potomac to make war in a new way. he has to exercise a lot of confidence. one thing grant had started to do during the civil war was smoking cigars. before the civil war, he smoked a pipe. early pictures of the civil war, he has appeared down to his chest and has a pipe and he doesn't look anything like ulysses s. grant. someone had sent him a cigar after some of his early victories. mouth that cigar in his during the battle of fort donaldson, and people heard about grant writing around -- ri ding around with a cigar, and he got all of these cigars given to him. he felt like he needed to smoke them and set of his pipe. i don't know if it made a difference to the throa

back to virginia. congress then voted in as well and the district became roughly 60% of the original size when they go back to virginia. four years later, they were pressured in the compromise of 1850, the slave trade is banned in the district and so they start coming and they want to get out . >> so, tell me a little bit about chocolate city, a history of race and democracy in the nation's capital. why chocolate city? what does the term mean? >> we took a turn from the 1960s and it becomes famous when parliament funkadelic watch rights and old called chocolate city in 1975. so we knew as soon as you put together the book project that we wanted to use the nickname. we make the argument of course because cc was a majority black city from 1957 through 2011, the first majority black city in the nation and goes up into the mid-70% range in the 70s. we wanted to make the case that because of the large black relation that had been here since the beginning, at least when he percent of that dc has always been

jeancarroll, virginia heffernan. [applause]. >> thank you for coming, everyone. >> i'm so excited virginia and dire are here. there like the best. just the most wonderful podcast. >> oh, open my microphone. can you hear this now you didn't hear that praise? doll you wrote the seminal piece about what happened to me in the dressing room-- [inaudible] then, virginia's podcast she had diana come on and they did the seminal podcast about what happened in the dressing room, so these two women have come forward, suit up and put everything in context so we just wanted to have them here. [applause]. >> this is an enormous privilege. i feel i must have started this 20 years ago so i could share the stage-- i've may have written an anonymous letter or two that i try to follow your advice and there is even dieting advice i have tried to follow about getting yourself really hot so you have to cool your self off. that's really uncomfortable. a you made me do that, but i'm also really happy for the way you say what happened in the

of their lives in newport news on the plantation there, on the virginia peninsula. i will just highlight the peninsula here and you can't see my point exactly but you could probably see newport news probably right in the center, that was roughly where the plantation was. emma was a field hand and edward was what we call a hired out slave what that meant is that he probably had a particular skill, although what the skill was has escaped detection in these records. his owner, what his owner was doing was hiring him to other men in the region who needed that skill for a particular period of time. he would then bring the wages to his owner. well, what could happen sometimes in this instance is a man might work, what we would call today overtime, so work later into the evening, and in some cases, that man, the enslaved man was allowed to keep what they call the overworked pay. well edward was. so he kept his overworked pay and started to save it. he and his wife started to save it. what were they saving for? well, it's hard to know exactly but it was common in these situ

virginia. virginia. hosted by the college of william and mary, this is about one hour and 15 minutes. ♪ [applause] ms. compton: thank you very much. we have an incredibly talented group of peo ective that you have not considered before on our topic today. let me introduce them one by one. first, madam president of the national conference of state legislatures representing illinois 47th district, senator tori hutchinson. [applause] former united states senator and former governor of the criminals of virginia, george allen. [applause] former governor of south carolina, jim hodges. [applause] leader of they u.s. house of representatives, eric cantor. [applause] and finally, a former senior adviser and deputy chief of staff in the white house for george w. bush, the amazing karl rove. [applause] ♪ ms. compton: doesn't always seem that the moment we are living in is the most chaotic, the most dysfunctional that we have ever seen in american politics? though looking back in history, it is really not.

both invasions fail first in kansas and then in virginia. the enemy captured things as trophies and circulated them to promote radical politics. certain things somehow gathered people instead of it being the other way around and rallied them by embodying and signifying their hopes and fears. the men who invaded kansas and virginia found courage and resolve in the things they carry like these weapons. the men who took those things to connecticut and south carolina worried about them and i think gained a false sense of security by disarming their enemy. these things asserted manliness of their possessors and unmanned people who lost them and pate understood this fact. his northern search in 1859 failed to recover his knife. clay pate died in 1864 at the battle of yellow tavern shortly before jeb staurt was wounded. as i researched my book i felt this work wasn't done until i could uncover what happened to his knife. until i could answer the question for pate and for all of us, where did it go after brown gave it to somebody. i felt if i could

there on the virginia peninsula. so i'll just highlight the peninsula here, and don't see my pointer exactly, but you can probably see newsupport news point in the center in fact that was roughly where their plantation was. so emma was a fieldhand. edward was what we called a hired out slave. and what that meant is that he probably had a particular skill although what that skill was has escaped detection in the record. and his owner what his owner was doing was hiring him to other white men in the region who needed that skill for a particular period of time. and he would then bring the wages back to his owner that were earned. that could happen sometimes in this instance is a man might work what we would call overtime. work later into the evening. and in some cases that man, that enslaved man was allowed to keep what they called overwork pay. edward was. so he kept his overwork pay, and he started saving it. he and his wife started saving it. what were they saving for? well, hard to know exactly, but it was pretty co

at point comfort, historic fort one row, virginia. at 8:30 a.m. eastern we are live with norfolk state university professor cassondra alexander newby. for the history and origins of slavery in america. then at 9:30 a.m., live coverage of the commemorative ceremonies, with speeches by virginia government officials, including senator mark warner, senator tim kaine, governor ralph nor from, and -- ralph northam, and lieutenant governor justin fairfax. the history of africans in america live saturday beginning at 8:30 a.m., on c-span's washington journal. and on american history tv on c-span3. minnesota republican congressman walter judd served from 1943 to 1963 and was a medical doctor, a missionary to china in the 1920's, and a devoted anti-communist. america,rica - reel communists on campus hosted and narrated by jed, the hour-long film takes a at in 1969 conference held in oakland, california, and others that he argues are seeking a socialist communist overthrow of the u.s. government. protesters and includes numerous statements by notable leaders

one of the founders of the modern republican party in virginia. sends me these emails but she sensed around to her fellow ancient blue head republican ga ls. and it is funny. ocasio-corteznder is the daughter of aliens from ours. [laughter] this goes on all the time, and you have to worry about it. it is corrosive. and it is different. we have to find a way to deal with it. >> let me make a point. i look at the internet as the greatest invention since the gutenberg press for the dissemination of ideas. the representative democracy, who are the owners of the government, the people. dying,son newspapers are people can get biased information for free on the internet. human beings have a position and a view. reporting too much has turned into columns and editorials. karl, even before all of those wonderful milestones in history, and it was not for the gutenberg press, who would havhave read those 95 theses? the gutenberg press got those ideas out that led to the protestant reformation. baptist, was a great thank you very much. [laughter] said,len: jef

matt turner's rebellion in virginia. the bat well new mexico and you start the the start people saying such a war of conquest, it must be seen as a war against freedom, humility, against the union. in the southern perspective people are saying hey, let's let the states decide on what the future of slave holding will be in these particular territories this stuff bubbled up if or good 30 years until the compromise of 1850 where you're going to have the senate gain control. the fugitive slave law all of a sudden made northerners compliment -- complicit in slavery. you have uncle tom's cabin, the best-selling author of the time. when abraham lincoln met the author she said so you're the little lady to -- who started this great war? people coming from new england carrying what was called beacher's bibles. they were actually guns and a little civil war breaks out in what was known as leading, kansas. almost every day in congress you have some sort of a pundit way -- say we're more divided than we've ever been. are you sure? i

we go out to west virginia and love west virginia. wheeling. guest: you go to my hometown? he kept the gray sounds -- greyhounds racing and building roads and people people working in west virginia. can you walk back that criticism of governor justice? i kind of like him. guest: thank you for coming to wheeling, west virginia. wheeling downs that is where my , father taught me math, by how to bet at wheeling downs. the thing about jim justice, the republicans don't like him, the democrats don't like him. he will not come to charleston to work. he is getting primaried by half the people. he is a billionaire -- he tried to follow the trump model. he sold his family's coal company. he owns the green briar and sold his family's coal company to a russian enterprise and then decided he was going to get into politics. as it turns out you need a lot , of go-go juice to be governor of a state, even a small state like our 35th state, west virginia. i don't think justice has the go-go juice and does not want to be in charleston every day dealing with the pecuniary and byuliar requests

what are the demographics in virginia? in virginia whites outnumber slaves 3-2. not propitious for a slave revolt. never is an okay answer. haiti, haiti is full credit. it doesn't happen. it's very hard for a slave revolt to succeed in history. is it going to succeed in virginia, 3-2? boy, that's going to be tough. that's going to be really tough. what about southampton county? southampton county actually has more slaves than whites. so it's not, you know, like the high schoolers here are going, we're going to revolt and take over this thing. although that would be sort of cool, i think. i don't know. no, i mean it's -- there are a lot of slaves in southampton county. there's a lot of slaves in southampton county. i also want to go back to the map of this cotton production. in 1820 you'll see the cotton production -- actually this map shows the slight cotton production extends up into southampton county which is true. it does. the slight cotton production in southhampton county, not much. but when we see where the slave production is going. it's going to go along

>> we know about them from ship records and from early records from virginia, colonial virginia records, and we know very little information about them, but we have bits and pieces of early history. >> what do we know? >> it was 20. they were not listed as enslaved, they were listed as servants. they came and were pretty sick when they got off the ships, they lived in virginia. some of them created families, were the first generations of african americans in this country. >> and who were they? i mean children, women, men? >> men and women. there was two or three women, the rest were men. and they had their own families, and they established the early communities in virginia. >> and their ages? >> middle ages, 17 to 24 i think it was. >> how did slavery then expand from that point? >> slavery expanded gradually. it wasn't so much an institution in the initial period. as time went on, africans were a quote, unquote good source of labor, i don't like using that phrase, they didn't know the land, couldn't run away. they were surviving, unlike native people they did try to enslave. they deci