polish-lithuanian commonwealth, such characteristic terms have not been preserved there, nizhnik and vyzhnik, this is the jack and queen, yes, they had such a version, therefore, most likely western europe, well, it is curious that they spread very quickly throughout the moscow state, that is, somewhere already in 1627 in ... apparently, after all, alexei mikhailovich preferred traditional chess to cards. well, in any case, you say, yes, that the history of cards is calculated for some criminal things, when someone was caught or something, but we know that our rulers also issued many decrees to prohibit card games. and peter too, each of his followers was noted for different decrees. what kind? starting with alexei mikhailovich, the famous cathedral code, yes, where card players. dice players were prescribed to be treated like thieves, that is, they cut their fingers, ears, tore out their noses, in fact, this is not so, that is, for the game they didn't punish themselves, they punished if a player, in order to get money for the game, was engaged in robbery, theft, took off hats, where money

via the northern sea route, but philologists have proven it. such characteristic terms, nizhnik and vyzhnikueen, yes, they had such a variant, so here, most likely, western europe, well, and it is curious that they spread very quickly throughout the moscow state, that is, somewhere already in 1627 in the customs books of tomsk there were already recorded playing cards foreign, which were quite expensive, well, we know that vices spread quite quickly. well, and we know that such an acquaintance, one of the generally important, so to speak, acquaintances of the sovereign emperor alexei mikhailovich with cards , we know, there was a version that peter ii studied with cards, perhaps the alphabet, perhaps something else, this is the first mention, serious, yes, or you will correct me, yes, i will correct, because historians always correct everyone, yes, the first mentions of cards are criminal cases. for example, here are the russian ambassadors who were in germany, there they wrote denunciations of each other, and there was just such a mention that one of these people interfered in a card game,