i might as well look for so i go to the library, the appropriately named w.e.b. dubois library. i go to the special collections department and ask the librarian i would like to see these dubois one on one materials. i think it might be a folder, maybe a box, if i'm lucky. i sit down, wait at the table. the librarian returns with six microfilm reels. wow. so now i'm really. what could this possibly. so some of you may remember what a microfilm machine like you had a roll load the film and crank the so i put the first reel in and there is a manuscript by w e.b. dubois on the black in world war one that i knew nothing about the manuscript. i would continue to learn more about 800 pages long. in addition to the actual manuscript, all of dubois's research materials and the correspondence related to this project. he gave his book an incredibly evocative title, the black man and the wounded world. so just imagine i am a young bride, had graduate student stumbling an unfinished and unpublished manuscript by the great w.e.b. dubois. i didn't know what to do with myself. was stunned. shock

and young jumps at the opportunity he like i said earlier, he is w.e.b. dubois is best friend. and if you know anything about patrick innis movement, dubois is the originator of pan-africanism, one of the originators of pan-africanism, and a part of young's growth evolution as an officer and a leader is that he becomes a strong advocate of, a pan-african identity. and unlike his report on haiti, which he advocated for u.s. military intervention when he goes to liberia, he's very clear. he's like the united needs to support and protect liberia from the possibility of ever being colonized. it needs to maintain its independence. and because of his term and his service in helping to reshape the liberian frontier force. he is going to get the spingarn medal, which is a medal water from the naacp for his reorganization training and diplomacy. liberia. it's because young of work that the policy of washington actually is able to open a school in liberia in monrovia and up until the 19 when when i say the forties and fifties the liberian frontier force was always advised raised by a afri

and young jumps at the opportunity he like i said earlier, he is w.e.b. dubois is best friend. and if you know anything about patrick innis movement, dubois is the originator of pan-africanism, one of the originators of pan-africanism, and a part of young's growth evolution as an officer and a leader is that he becomes a strong advocate of, a pan-african identity. and unlike his report on haiti, which he advocated for u.s. military intervention when he goes to liberia, he's very clear. he's like the united needs to support and protect liberia from the possibility of ever being colonized. it needs to maintain its independence. and because of his term and his service in helping to reshape the liberian frontier force. he is going to get the spingarn medal, which is a medal water from the naacp for his reorganization training and diplomacy. liberia. it's because young of work that the policy of washington actually is able to open a school in liberia in monrovia and up until the 19 when when i say the forties and fifties the liberian frontier force was always advised raised by a afri

w.e.b. dubois was at the the tashkent event. f was sutherland is somebody like sembene, like laguna was going back and forth between congress for cultural and afro-asian writers association events. this is a an abbreviated list. some of the major figures in african literature from the fifties, sixties and seventies that went back and forth and had very s levels of involvement and engagement with both united states affiliated cultural apparatus and its soviet counterpart, lotus magazine and the afro-asian writers association. most of these writers published in at least one congress for cultural publication. well, as some of those lotus magazine issues that i talked about a few moments, so as was churning through information, one of the most difficult things for me to do, writing this book was to account for this, but it was also one of the most liberating parts of doing this project, trying to reckon with this archival and i'll call it empirical data that i found as i was my research, my original hypothesis was completely sunk. b

w.e.b. dubois, outset of war, one says we're going to return fighting. right? we're going to close ranks, fight this war abroad. but then we're going to come back and gain equal rights at home. what's different with world war two is the scale that americans have been part of every military conflict united states has ever been involved in going, all the way back to the american revolution in run up to world war two, before america officially joins the war after pearl harbor. it's clear that this is going to be a monumental undertaking and people understand a couple of things. and that's what i mean, jobs both in defense industries, also in the military that having opportunities serve in the military was both a source of patriotism, a source sense of belonging, and citizenship, but also it was payments that you received to pay for your service in the army or navy that black want a chance to be able to to benefit from and receive training in the military that could be used in the civilian world afterwards. so in 1938, 39, 48, there were organized by civil rights a