as walter slocum talked about the need to keep europeans involved and educate them in the use and aspects of nuclear weapons, yet is it possible to imagine that debate being at the same level without u.s. nuclear weapons committed to nato? and i ask because brad roberts once said, and i think it was on record, that japanese suffered relations with europeans because of these weapons. and the second question is somewhat brief concerning general cartwright, and it picks up on your point of special forces. there has been a lot of attention in europe that we draw all the troop brigade comeback teams, but there has been little information that europe is abusing its military presence in europe. are we seeing a more relevant u.s. presence in europe rather than just a small one? thank you. >> on the second, on the special operations, i mean, i don't know exactly the intent inside. madeline can probably address that better. but from the standpoint of relevance, i think the special operations versus a heavy brigade today for the reality we live in is going to be a lot more relevant to the defense ca