washington internalize that. one of the reasons the senate has a six-year term is supposedly to make them more likely to vote in the long term interest of the public it's the most partisan portion of the government now. i will shut up but public, public, public he represents them. >> he mentioned the aurora and i know you wanted to say something very quick so one quick thing i want to sort of highlights when joe was talking about how personally wounded washington was that was really quite intentional on the part of the newspaper editors. the editor of the aurora would deliver three copies of his newspaper every day to the front steps of the president's house. even though washington is not a subscriber. he did so intentionally to get under washington skin. we know it works because he rants and raves about in cabinet and jefferson took careful notes. this political warfare in the partisan or wound they were trying to inflict was quite intentional. >> let's get a taste of washington on parties and we can further exp

washington went to war. that was his educational experience and he was conscious of his own lack of literacy and wanted to surround himself with people who were well educated. that was hamilton, lafayette. those are the people. >> let's go to another audience question. we have one from jim about specifics here. let's get into the 18th century. how much of washington's foreign policy advice was driven by the fact the spanish maintained control of the floridas, louisiana territory, and british held canada? we have talked about the oceans keeping america away from foreign powers and yet they were there. who wants to take a first stab at this, the specifics of north american geo politics? >> i will take a quick stab. i'm pushing this hard. why is it called the continental army? why is it called the continental congress? it is really only the coast. they are thinking continentally from the beginning. the border of the united states ends with the mississippi. it was generally regarded and jay is most outspoken abo

washington is just lost. washington allowed the capital to fall.maybe washington isn't right for the army, some say. this is going to be during this period of victory in the north and defeat in and around philadelphia will lead to an attempt to unseat washington. before we come to this, the winter in valley forge is crucial in one reason it is crucial his armies in the 18th-century don't fight in the wintertime. you have campaigning seasons, you fight in spring or fall or summer but not winter so it is during the winter that the army is able to actually train itself. they had a hard fight since the war began. and who helps train the army? washington is performing plays in their off time but something i should correct, this man, responsible for bringing in european drill masters concept. the problem is he doesn't speak any english. most americans don't speak german so he would create one model unit and basically yell at them and berate them in german and show them what to do and one model unit would then show the other units what they need to do and

washington was more, lafayette had a bit more of perks that washington felt were denied to him a little bit more invested or better, invested in his home when your wealth is invested in people but before we go there again, another thing they have in common is known is going to totally debate that. so not considered great statesmen, they're not considered great thinkers, their contribution was to be born during the right time for their part to make killer inclination. i push back against that and my out biography of washington because i feel like he completely rolled by the public court of opinion. it's so important to him during the revolution. he's actively thinking of setting up america as a country to enter the scene and look stable. he is inventive, he is a quick thinker i would argue he's a little bit better than that then he would've been on the battlefield. do you think that's an unfair wrap lafayette has as well? >> in the sense that lafayette and washington to were surrounded by some pretty genius level people, like is a washington and intellect compared to alexander hamilton o

even the washington is not a subscriber, it did go intentionally get under washington skin.it is brought in cabinet mediums and notes. the sort of political warfare but they are trying to impart. >> let's get a taste of washington's parties here. we can further explore this. this is some of the language, there is much more of an the address. distracting from public council in the feebleness tray shun. it agitates the community the false alarms, it candles animosity one party against another. they will write an insurrection. it will open the door to foreign influence and corruption. the facilitated aspect to the government itself, the channels of the party fashioned. john, first crack at some of this language here. >> leave it up for a second. if i depicted not graph from today, i think this would be a particularly false alarm. it candles and riots in insurrection. this calendar here, the worst attack in the capital since the war of 1812. it was fueled by misinformation disinformation. it is exacerbated by the parties over the country. meng part against another is based on a

and in fact when he visited washington when washington was president he was treated with great respect and when he traveled home to new york city is celebrated and everybody wanted to see joseph grant so call that a happy ending to a story where a loyalist has a good relationship with the winning side. a sad story is william franklin. william franklin >> with -- split with his father over this question who are you going to be loyal to and benjamin franklin said my loyalty is to my new country and william franklin says my loyalty is to my existing country. william franklin held on to his position. he was the governor of new jersey are the royalty appointed governor of new jersey and held onto that position as long as he could but when things changed he was driven by force from his office and he was arrested. he was held in custody for many months and eventually he was exchange in a prisoner swap and was allowed to go to new york city where there were a hotbed of loyalist and from there he organized the loyalist militia that brought warfare against patriot forces and he criticized the br

pope arrives to washington d.c. june 24, what he describes enthusiastic welcome, also reported in the philadelphian require, his wife wrote him a quick note and that this moment, this movement to washington d.c., this movement, this order, this meeting was perfectly, she was perfectly convinced it was leading to a greater purpose and that greater purpose was pope would not return to the west. she'd write this and her letter to her husband, i'm almost sure he will not have fremont and perhaps mcdowell's department and you will then take the field against jackson. it is possible you may supersede mcclellan but i do not come up with my present white on the subject considerate lightly how clairvoyance was pope's wife in that moment. june 25, pope arrives to washington d.c. and he has his first interview that date with secretary of war, edward stanton. he goes and sticks stanton and there they sit, and they sit and they look at each other and size each other up, they have some faint chit chat about lighthearted topics an

the other question is could washington have succeeded in the french revolution the way washington succeeded in the american revolution. that kind of feels like no, i don't think that he is able to pull that off. there's a great quote that i did try -- that i jammed in there for sure which is bonaparte looking back saying when george washington was there, i would have been a george washington too. washington didn't have to deal with foreign invading armies and civil war and social unrest. did you ever read a single book about the american war of independence. it was a civil war. like people invading and people trying to undermine him. washington skdsed in the situation he had. i don't see him making it out of the french revolution in one piece. >> no. also he doesn't speak french. >> it really wasn't in many important ways, french people but not the stereotype. >> it's so noisy. i think this is interesting. because we brought this upon yourselves we have to talk about washington and slavery and conversations with him. could he have made a difference. do you have a sense what role lafayette c

but it's one of the first washington, who later told george washington refuses to become a dictator. george iii says if he does that he would be the greatest man in the world. and at that moment he was you think about it, that's not what caesar did . that's not what cromwell did. that's not what napoleonwill do . dictators tend to believe they are the revolution and d have a difficult time separating themselves from it . >> we have questions from those arguing. let me begin with some of them. from anna what set you on the path to becoming a historian. what sparked your interest in history? >> i think reading biography. i came to history through biography. and i love biography because there was always a center of this topic and i sort of thought look, we all come into this world the same way and we all leave the same way. what can we learn about people who were here before us. some of them 1000 years sbefore us and so that's perhaps an adolescent way to come to history but as i said, i didn't major in history . i majored in philosophy and i decided to go forward in history for many re

i mean, it seems to me that be like washington, the washington consensus is very, very nervous. it needs to convince itself that no leading the world in terms of democracy is if that is what is driving the world or this whole narrative of democracy versus a talk or see, falls apart like a house of cards. it's laughable in the 21st century. go ahead. yeah, it's, it's, it's the sort of contracts are just endless and i, i, i thought that they would die off at some point in the past, but no, they're going to expand the sort of thing. and it's even more laughable. the fact that these are all being done remotely by zoom, for instance. so they're just kind of these digital. com, fams, ultimately very meaningless in terms of what's going on on the ground, but in terms of showing the public what direction. this sort of the social agenda is being steered towards then in that case it is kind of significant. it is important. and so this idea of social justice, this idea of this, this sort of cultural agenda is very much baked into the un sustainability goals. and all of these countries have

across america reporting tonight from washington, d.c. >> good evening from washington, d.c. on day three of our journey across america where i spoke to the country's top military leader about a world growing more dangerous. we'll get to that in a few moments. but tonight we also happen to be standing in the shadow of our top story, the election for governor in neighboring virginia the win by republican glenn youngkin over democrat terry mcauliffe has democrats licking wounds and looking for something or someone to blame as president biden observes another political body blow. the president returning from europe overnight. his legislative priorities at home still in limbo and now facing his party's loss of a key state house with another that's been hanging by a thread all day kristin welker leads our coverage >> reporter: tonight president biden responding to that urgent wakeup call for democrats. republican businessman glenn youngkin's stunning win in the virginia's governor race over democrat terry mcauliffe. >> how much responsibility do you take for the dismal results in

in washington freeze him in his will.the other side, a man named kerry washington, he was serving as a british and in south be evacuated out if you new york at the end of the work and going to nova scotia and eventually interesting pattern but one black man, serves the cause with the commander-in-chief and the other goes and pursues his own freedoms with the british and eventually achieves it when he gets to sierra he helped lead a movement and resistance to british rule climbing to be taxed without their consent. it is two different black men choosing different courses for the same reason. >> okay, by the way, suppose we had lost the war the neck and sauce work, how would history be different because when we eventually become free pretty thank you so too early or too hard to predict. >> if we had will depends on how he lost my philosophy in a real military way, good lasted at the battle of new york and long island, then there would've taken all the american leaders including washington and jefferson carried them over to

that was the phrase they used read washington is not a radical man. he made clear any had proposals that he had received and asked the people he trusted most, john j knox, madison of the type of central government that they wanted. the central government had a two house legislature, not a one house like the confederation. the un like everybody sense of representative. the states are paying sovereignty. he says i will only go if it could be a fundamental transformation. madison spent most of the two months before going to philadelphia living at mount vernon. he didn't have other things per he stayed at mount vernon and he worked on these ideas at mount vernon talking with washington. they went in with the pretty clear idea wasn't just madison washington and franklin the first person who visits when he goes to philadelphia. he said we have to be on the same wavelength with the two most respected people nationally, the other two national heroes we have to work at the same wavelength. >> they came and franklin as you know had met and had a regular weekly

he's receiving no specific orders from washington. telling him what to do next as it relates to his campaign objectives. the only thing he's getting from washington, d.c. are the following instructions from hallock. if possible to get in the rear, pursue with vigor. what's he supposed to do. pope is starting to look at ways to get out of this it predicament. it's to retire, but if he does, he believes he would be reduced in command. he would be demoted for these actions. by august 27th, they come up with two other ways to get this predicament. one of the things he could do is retire to fredericksburg and link up with the command, but he feels that if he does that, his army will be stripped from him and damage his reputation. he opts for option two. maybe i can go after these individual pieces of the con fed rat army as they are in transit on this campaign to defeat them and detail to secure my reputation, have my star to continue it rise. it leads us to the battle of second manassas. he will commit numerous blunders. his biographer wi

especially if you bring up washington. washington did have an idea of the united states as a country. that was a glean in his eye long before it was in most americans eye. and i would say that the need for a strong central government, that was clear. perhaps the most pivotal change made making it as you were calling it a league of friendship was that congress would actually now have the power to pass laws. they did not have that authority under the articles of confederation. the states, if you will, interpose themselves between their citizens and the authority. under the proposed constitution one of the biggest changes i would think, i think the most fundamental, is now you actually have a national government that surcomvents the states and expressed through their pre-existing political organization through the state. the fact the united states constitution is now equipped to pass laws, that a seat change in terms of how the american people governed themselves previously under the articles. thank you for that crucial disti

this is where washington has left their constituents behind. governors are on the ground every day talking about this stuff trying to redesign systems. if you're not connected with your constituents, you're doing some of the dumb economic things this president has been doing, ignoring the realities on the ground. pretending that if we just talk about inflation going away, it might happen. it won't. you need good solutions and folks who understand this stuff at a grassroots issue. >> do you accept that the former president is the current leader of the republican party? >> i've never said is a leader of the republican party. is aoc and chuck schumer the leader of the democratic party? no. am i the representative, the only head of the part of the republicans in new hampshire? no, i don't believe that at all. we have a good infrastructure. it's about the ideals we bring to the party. that's what defines a party. i think the media likes to talk about individuals because that gets more attention in social media and more traditional media. at the end

craig is an investigative reporter with the washington post. this is a timely account of how the war in 2001 was straightforward, clear goals and unanimous public support and evolved into through ignorance, deceit and corruption. it's a lot untrained evolved into colossal failure. based on interviews of 1000 people who played a direct role in the war from the white house the pentagon leaders to soldiers and aid workers on the front line whitlock reveals how the u.s. government strategies were advanced, nation building was a failure in drugs and corruption had a triangle hold on our allies in the afghan government. tom bowman the pentagon correspondent called the book a searing indictment of the deceit, blundering a senior military civilian officials with the same tragic echoes of the vietnam complex. with that, i give you craig whitlock. [applause] >> hello everyone, thank you for coming out today. i am a reporter with the washington post. thank you for the introduction. i just want to talk a little bit of how the book came together. i definite

washington, franklin. the first in philadelphia is franklin. because he said we've got to be on the same wavelength, because we are the two most respected people, nationally. we are the two national heroes. we have to work on the same wave length. and so they came, and wilson was a fellow -- and franklin, as you know, they had met at a weekly meeting in their house, where wilson and others had come. and i had talked about these things. so they came prepared. and so, when nobody else showed up on time, the pennsylvania delegation in the virginians who were there -- and at first it was only two, it was only washington and madison -- but then mason and some others begin to roll in. and they finalize madison stinking into the virginia plan, which is called the virginia plan, not because it had anything to do with madison, but because it was offered by the governor of virginia. randolph. they offer, really, the plan for national government. and to read the virginia plan, it doesn't say -- they don't use the term federalist. it says national governme

first too, protect washington. objective two, defend the shenandoah valley and objective three, defend the pennsylvania railroad. by accomplishing these objectives and particularly the vital rebel rail rink with the shenandoah valley, they hope it would compel the confederates around washington d.c. and opposite mcclellan's army, that they would pull away from mcclellan and it would ease mcclellan 's way into the city of richmond. stanton says he's been called east to carry out these objectives. it's at this point in the conversation that stanton stops talking and they just look at each other. and there's this long, awkward silence. stanton finally says to pope, general, you don't seem to approve the arrangements i have outlined to you. pope responds, mr. secretary, i entirely concur in the wisdom of concentrating these wide-scattered forces and using them generally as you proposeple pose. but i do not view the favor of placing me in command of them. the title of tonight's presentation is john pope's reluctant rise

i think washington -- washington very clearly said i'm not going unless i am -- i'm not going to philadelphia, to that convention, even though i've been named by the virginia, picked by virginia to go, i'm not going unless i'm confident they have power to make radical decisions. that was the phrase he used. well washington not a radical man. no, he made clear, and he had proposals in that he had received. he had asked the people he trusted most. john jay, knox, madison had all sent him drafts of the type of central government they wanted and the central government always had a two house legislature, not a one house, like the articles of confederation, which is like a u.n. u.n. is sort of like, you know, everybody sends a a representative, they're recallable at will, and the state retains sovereignty. he says, i will only go if it can be a fundamental transformation. and madison spent most of the two months before going to philadelphia living at mount vernon. he didn't have a wife then. he stayed at mount vernon, worked on these ideas, talking with washington. they went in with a pretty clear

people olike washington are renting out their slaves . and the idea of renting out the slaves suddenly, that's one step towards wage labor. so slavery is somehow on its last legs. it's dying away and i can give you dozens of quotations from many figures saying that in 30 years, 40 years there will be no slavery in america. they couldn't have been more wrong. it was oneof the many illusions they live with . they had many illusions but don't get cocky, we have a lot of solutions to, we just don't know what they are. history will tell us 200 years from now how could they think that? they thought slavery was dying. virginians were readyto abolish it . the college of william and mary. the trustees, the board of visitors, there will be slaveholders and in 1791 they give an honorary degree to granville sharp. who is granville sharp? the leading british abolitionist at the time. that's the kind of question you want to ask a graduate student . why would the college of william and mary trustees who are all slaveholders, why would they give an honor

at the local level. >> who is in washington questioning the attorney general, who is in washington at him to send going after the parents when we found out it was one letter from one organization and they actually apologize after that hearing. who has been in washington saying do not be from the police, who has been offering legislation. what is local politics. we are all elected locally and we bring those policies here because we listen to their constituents and there is the contrast between republicans and democrats in a different and i think of that is displayed pretty greatly in the election last night. >> i think education is always a top priority but the one thing you'll find that this is something that you have learned in this playbook. >> amoebas spent any time here with virginia. do you know what their life has been in at the expense? this is not the first time that we have been talking about education. and it's not the first time that we have been offering about this something that we have worked a great deal in. >> what about the national climate. >> that's a good question.

a storm the capital building in washington. many of them were angry about the results of the 2020 election. the kale fled to 5 deaths, including one policeman with dozens more injured. almost $700.00 people have so far been charged in connection with the riots. more than a 100, a still being held in a washington dc prison. meantime, the us marshall's services paid a surprise visit to the prison off the defendants complained of very poor conditions. it resulted in 400 inmates being transferred, although none of them were january 6 detainees, a car or a capitol no of a again, says the defendants are not being treated fairly. i think they should check other prisons. very alarming that, that washington dc jail is, is treating american citizens the way that they are are the bad. the terrible thing is they're removing 400 prisoners because they're, they've been made it that washington dc is not trading citizens properly. but they are not removing any of the january defending they're, they're saying they're removing other people. but

we see a lot of letters that pass between tyler and mary going back from virginia to washington washington to virginia. tyler took 18 interest in what his daughter was reading. recommended all the things he read when he was young. we definitely wanted her to develop a fertile mind. his oldest son, robert tyler was born in 1816 had a pretty decent relationship with john tyler. he was a student at william and mary like his father. did well at william and mary but there is still a distance between the two of them or formality almost. the fact they did not see each other that much will robert was growing up. john tyler junior was born in 1819 no doubt took his father's absence of the hardest. young john, and eventually became an alcoholic, suffered through a troubled marriage that was largely his doing. before and after despaired of that one point thinking he was going to be dead they found that his son and namesake would be dead. with his children, leticia who found it extremely difficult to deal with her husband continuous absences. there is an anecdote from may of 1831 that is particularly

craig is an investigative reporter with the washington post. this is a timely account of how the war in 2001 was straightforward, clear goals and unanimous public support and evolved into through ignorance, deceit and corruption. it's a lot untrained evolved into colossal failure. based on interviews of 1000 people who played a direct role in the war from the white house the pentagon leaders to soldiers and aid workers on the front line whitlock reveals how the u.s. government strategies were advanced, nation building was a failure in drugs and corruption had a triangle hold on our allies in the afghan government. tom bowman the pentagon correspondent called the book a searing indictment of the deceit, blundering a senior military civilian officials with the same tragic echoes of the vietnam complex. with that, i give you craig whitlock. [applause] >> hello everyone, thank you for coming out today. i am a reporter with the washington post. thank you for the introduction. i just want to talk a little bit of how the book came together. i definite