was not fun for washington. he was working tremendously hard to pull the country together. the other joke is washington's teeth, dentures made of wood. he had dentures, they weren't made of wood. they were made of teeth from various animals, from ivory, the hippopotamus, even before he ended up with those dentures, in desperation, only a few teeth left in his mouth by the time we see the revolution -- back at mount vernon, a new technology, dentistry with two transplants, a dentist would extract the tooth, the diseased tooth and a person would be paid enough to donate their healthy tooth the was then extracted and stuck into the jaws of the person paying for the procedure. it almost never worked. sometimes the tooth would hang in for a year, sometimes five years, sometimes it would be rejected from the beginning but washington at some point invite a french dentist to mount vernon and this is -- very recently we have become aware of this, mary thompson, a fabulous researcher at george washington's mount vernon and

how tall was george washington? well, if we listen to some biography, he was 63 or maybe six four in the house inches that the max figure was able to attract the house six four and a half inches, and then come on, he's sending out incredibly detailed letters to his purveyors and tailors. and you don't write to your tailor, do you? so, yeah. and what did he write this tailors? well, yes. okay. the there are many letters. and in some it says, well, you know, and i should you take my measurement, you have to bear in mind that i am six foot two in my shoes, which means that in the 18th century, shoes had heels. so and then other letters says that he writes, they send out to his tailor, says, well, i am full, six foot tall. so i think i think that gives us a essential clue to from where we should start. okay. maybe he wasn't he was that athletic, muscular giant that some biographers want him to become, not only because it wasn't like that, but because he would have no, sorry, he wouldn't have known what to do with that ki

powell and george washington. samuel was her husband her and martha washington. but it really, as i read these letters and saw her unfold, i realized just how well connected. she was with with everyone but i yeah, i, i think the most important of her relationship with and i it's one of many, but it's she is the one who was tasked with she she was the one who got to serve a second term as president. so without her there would be no two term presidency today today. so you'll see more about that in my chapter. there's a very special letter that that we have in our collection. you can read more about. but that that is really my chapter. that is a very bite sized version of my chapter. but i know we are continuing on with our time. so i, i yeah, i understand. george. yeah. was a yo yo once again one of my loudest desires to samantha. when i was invited here to about elizabeth william powell four years ago, met her and said you have this amazing emerging scholar who is somewhat younger than i am at least four or five years and and so when we started playing the book i s

there were lots of rumors out there that was washington was tremendously concern. and and and initially was skeptical of some reports that general howe in boston was purposely sending people out of boston who had recently been inoculated that would spread the disease. they probably didn't. it wouldn't make much sense. and if they had. people in boston were very good about quarantining. they were looking for signs and symptoms. it's hard to surreptitiously hide if you have smallpox and then you'd have to be willing, right. so if you were sick with smallpox, you'd have to go, ha, i'm going to go infect those people. who wants to do that? right. so that's why those those giving it in blankets, right? maybe unsuspecting people would catch it. there's a a a tremendous document on display out in the vault lobby here of a. british writer and, an occupied new york, who suggest just the horrible idea of dipping arrows and smallpox. and i think he says twanging them at continental troops, immediate upon the publication of that tract, everyone knew that that was terrible. they

and he also was very well-connected in washington. so even though it was an open secret among his his cohort that was gay, it didn't really affect his access. and, in fact when he then was being in the in the fifties and hoover said, you know, we're looking into this allen dulles head of the cia said, i'll stop admits he's a homosexual stop looking into this he's on blackmail. we all know he's gay and we care. he was a very well-connected family. he had a brother who was also a reporter who was very popular. he had dinner parties that were important to the functioning of washington and just simply did not matter that he was gay. yeah, yeah, yeah. world war two is paradoxically a very. phenomenon for gay people, but also a repressive one. it's world war two when the u.s. military codifies the ban on homosexuals, although very few gay people were actually from serving in the military because they needed practically every warm body. and so you have lots of anecdotal evidence, lots of gay people reporting later that the wartime experience

washington now in paperback. and forever eight murder in memphis soon to be a major motion picture. alexis was a consulting producer on and appeared in washington series on the history channel. she regularly appears on msnbc and cnn. she's contributed to the new yorker, the "new york times" and many others. and so without further ado please join me in welcoming mike and alexis to the stage. hooks well high. >> hello. kirk's first of all congratulations for this new book. i know all of you have picked up because you are here tonight. but if i can encourage you to overspend i would recommend buying a second copy or getting it from your library because one of the most rewarding things i heard haven't also written a book on someone who is part of the american revolution is the book on the topic can enable you to talk to family members, friends and other people you have not been able to connect with on american history. i find it totally enriching. i joined a family group recently and i'm pushing it on everyone. i want to say to my congratulations on a book but also congratulations on finding where

not unwelcome and and you could say also that the wealth that martha brought washington was not unwelcome. and indeed mount vernon was in banished in advance of their marriage. but it continued a while washington had the use of of martha's money for his life to certainly a very a very. important part. and as we know john john adams in a sour mode said would washington george washington ever become commander in chief and president had it not been for his marriage to the rich. mrs. custis. as i say, john was in a silo mood that day well, this is a copy the earlier one, but i think the copy shows how dear this portrait of the children and was, and how very dear these two children were to both george and martha washington and who were not to have children together and through. i particularly like the the cardinal, but the symbol of virginia. i hope it is a cardinal. a modern jack is hand, but but. this is a different phase of martha's life. and the section in the papers that dwells on this on this period of a happy a happy married life a happy, educative experience for jackie at

you came to understand they're there any number of things but i think for me the key takeaway was washington's ability to build a great command team through trust. he was able to earn you because you've got all the stars doesn't mean that people are going to trust you or respect you. washington understood that he had to earn their trust and their respect, and it was paid back and it was paid back in bushel. falls all right. well let's get some questions here. i've got to somebody in the back here. yes, yes, ma'am. i just had a feeling of his command so i wanted to know what we're interested in lessons and we are currently working something for the first forwarding base in the pacific in world war two. so i wanted to know to what degree something like this in the 18th century is useful as a tool, even for today for current logistics issues across the services, trade. sure. and i will confess that i've known dr. haley since was a graduate student, and it's always a delight to see someone like me, like this doing so well. but you know, the for the for the campaigns those were about basing the onl

there was frustration earlier - washington. there was frustration earlier in . washington. tration earlier in the washington. there was - frustration earlier in the day by zelensky. it frustration earlier in the day by zelensky-— by zelensky. it is taking a costly and _ by zelensky. it is taking a costly and challenging - costly and challenging counteroffensive and they are doing and in the interest of the alliance territory, security and value so they are fighting for our so they have a right to desire to be in nato but the fact of the matter is, if you compare where ukraine was just a year if you compare where ukraine wasjust a year ago if you compare where ukraine was just a year ago it is if you compare where ukraine wasjust a year ago it is night and day. that is progress. [30 and day. that is progress. do ou and day. that is progress. do you agree this is not really a rift? , . rift? yes, i agree with everythingian - rift? yes, i agree with everythingian said. i rift? yes, i agree with l everythingian said. the rift? yes, i agree with - everythingian said. the fact of

so if you could clarify that, the big question is if washington was so determined and he's going to be the father, why did he need to be cajoled to go to the convention? what didn't have felt personally compelled to go if it was so important to him brilliant questions? first, the word geostrategic. it's the same root word as geography or geology. it's a basic thought that it's about kind of land and defense ability and the globe. so it's about grand or world strategy with a particular emphasis on geographic elements in particular. it's easier to defend a coastline than it is to defend a land border. okay, so they look around the world because they want be democratic and almost no place in the world been democratic. and so look and say who's democratic? well, the the brits to some extent, they've got elections. they've got a house of lords. someone voted for they got the king over for. but they do have juries and and elections of some sort so that the brits and the swiss and almost no one else, the dutch are in the process of losing their republic. why, in a phrase, because of defensibl

the third was not prepared to give up his north american kingdom. and so washington had to show the french that the continental army were good, strong. they were ready to stay in the fight. and so this is the moment when the continental army was the best dressed, the best drilled, the best uniformed as they ever were, because it was really a diplomat show. and what you're seeing here is that moment of that french army passing in review to be reunited with with the continental army at four planes point. now, another man who was present there, he was actually an englishman named george grieve. he was treith roche and beau's army again wrote in his diary that opposite the camp and on distant distinct eminences stood the tents of some of the general officers ovch towered predominant that of general washington. so you s, we're starting to feel a little bit more confident that we're looking at general washington's tent. and he goes ony that he'd seen all the camps, meaning the military camps in england from many of which drawings and engravings had been taken. but this was

george washington was angry about the proclamation come as were many slaveholders. omas payne mentions this as well. he is anti-slavery. ellis has read the washington papers, there is no evidence in george washington's papers he fought the revolution because he was trying to defend slavery. the british empire was the largest slaveholding empire in human history. the royal africa company and stewart monarchy, that is how slaves get to the new world, referencing 6019. the british crown was not turned to end slavery, it is the american revolution that gave life to antislavery politics. we see this during the revolution. earl had a great call about how some much of our history gets forgotten about. for this holiday when we think about thomas jefferson -- i am wearing thomas jefferson socks. george washington, the usual heroes. think of people like felix holbrook, and enslaved men who started petitioning with other enslaved blacks in 1773, 1774. prince hall a few years later builds on the petitions, and these are mostly happening in the northern states where slavery was w

washington was more formal then than we are. what to mind here is, you know, jake and elwood from the blues brothers, hey, we're getting the band back together, you know, washington would do that. so i'll that because hamilton, madison and had studied enlightenment political as college students we would say and because hamilton and jay were accomplished lawyers and much too much he was known as much as a jurist and judge as a philosopher, all three of them. hamilton madison jay knew what excuse the spirit of laws quite well. so to bring this to an important conclusion, let's test it out. the opening statement on principle in washington's farewell address counsels on war, peace and international affairs begins with this paragraph observe good faith and justice toward all nations. cultivate peace, harmony with all religion and morality. enjoying this conduct. and can it be that good policy? does not equally enjoin it. it will be worthy of a free, enlightened, and at no distant period a great nation to give to mankind the magnanimou

was in college. i worked in the reagan campaign in 1983. i graduated from the university of washington. i did all my belongings in the back of my mustang, and i drove to d.c. because i wanted nothing more than to be part of what was then called the reagan revolution. and so that was a wave election where a whole group of people came to washington intent on changing what was going on. since then, i was involved in 1994 running citizens united. that was the huge contract for america wave election. and then, of course, tea party when the tea party came and the 2010 election cycle, i traveled all over the country with andrew breitbart and joseph fair and other people speaking at tea party rallies. and then, of course, i was involved in the whole maga wave election. so that's four major republican wave elections that have happened in in my adult lifetime, i believe 2024 is going to be another one of those wave elections. is it going to be a maga wave election? so i don't really, you know, i'm not going to make a prediction as to who's going to win the republican nomination. i've been in those

so this whole idea that he was actually, of course, on board that was manipulating washington or thatt was maybe to grasp the admiral who came with his main fleet, of course, to the chesapeake bay, that that was his decision. that's maybe also partially true, but looser and shetterly, who play a very important role in this, in the background and this is just not recognized today because the sources were quite lacking because most of them are in the shetterly archive. but it really adds to important to this whole decision making process of going to yorktown. and so you can see here that letters are in starts to send this report in which they have so wished to do. he wrote by the way, i have to say luzerne was also a military man. he had been fighting in the seven years war together with shattered yugoslavia and others, so they were part of the same group and so they could write. he was an expert in the writing about war himself, too. so with shetterly, they wrote this report called the well report on the southern campaign, which they're going to send to washington himself, to horsham b

they really did not have a sense of how sick he was and because, of course, the entire washington press corps had gathered in the portico downstairs, they then went and told the press that the president was fine in giving him like higher marks than he really deserved. even edith sort of crowed that they said he this use of his left hand, even though that was totally useless. so it yeah, it was quite, you know to use a very lowbrow analogy sort of weekend at bernie's moment where they took about their read my mind right? you reading it and you have in the book a photo here too from i guess a couple of weeks later. and this is, you know, this is acting and opposed photo for those very purposes to of convince the public that he you know doing his work and and perfectly yeah by spring of 1920 the fact that he hadn't been seen in public hadn't been seen in public five months. this is not the same as just not being super accessible. the people were starting to grumble about it and so they staged a interview with a friendly reporter who was only going to ask the questions that they approved an

asked _ washington next year. president iden wasnext year. president iden was asked about this - washington next year. president iden was asked about this in - washington next year. president iden was asked about this in an l iden was asked about this in an interview with cnn, here is what he said. if interview with cnn, here is what he said.— what he said. if the war is auoin what he said. if the war is going on. _ what he said. if the war is going on. we _ what he said. if the war is going on, we are - what he said. if the war is going on, we are at - what he said. if the war is going on, we are at war, l what he said. if the war is i going on, we are at war, so i think we have two lay out a path, a rational path, for ukraine to be able to qualify to get into nato. so ambassador, - to get into nato. so ambassador, what does this path actually look like? fix, ambassador, what does this path actually look like?— actually look like? a couple thins actually look like? a couple things about _ actually look like? a couple things about th

when he heard part of the beautiful pakistani embassy here in washington was set to be sold, he stepped up to purchase the property and preserve its historical and cultural significance. for the pakistani american community, the embassy building here in our nation's capital is more than just a piece of property. it has served as a place of welcome, community, and support for this vibrant, thriving immigrant community. thanks to mr. kahn's philanthropy, this setting will serve as a landmark of pakistani culture for years to come. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: for what purpose does the gentleman from tennessee seek recognition? mr. rose: i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute. revise and extend my remarks. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentleman is recognized for one minute. mr. rose: mr. speaker, a little over a week ago the supreme court of the united states handed a victory over to the american people when it struck down president biden's obviously unconstitutional and egregious student loan giveaway plan. the high court held that preside

and so a reactor in hanford, washington, was created to then manufacture this plutonium, uranium, it is is naturally made. but part that's used for bombs. so only about 1% of what occurs in in nature. so how do you refine that? how do you extract that 1% out? and that's why big industrial complex at oak ridge was made to kind of separate this isotope of uranium from the rest of it and then assemble it. so in a big enough quantity that it could be used for bomb. so part of the delay was the material was a radioactive the nuclear material part of it was trying to figure out how to assemble this into a bomb. and there were two different ways. one was a gun assembly bomb and that took uranium. and one part of the bomb uranium and part of the bomb had high explosives behind it. it's kind of like a bullet. so this bullet of uranium was shot into this bigger mass of uranium. uranium, uranium 235 and that then caused a chain reaction that exploded and and with a huge detonation that was a pretty simple technique or a simple idea. it was actually so simple that they didn't to test it. that wa

meanwhile, the pentagon commented on possible deliveries of cluster munitions to kiev earlier that washington was them today, several media outlets, including reuters, reported at once . so the press service of the defense department could not avoid questions. speech, as patrick ryder noted, is the numbness of dangerous ammunition of those that leave behind a small proportion of unexploded elements. these can lie in the ground for years, and then detonate the most unexpected moment it turns out, according to the americans, in a dozen, and sometimes hundreds of small bombs that explode immediately much safer and it’s the same that the area of ​​destruction is several football fields. and on this territory there may be civilians in international human rights organizations. they have already emphasized the supply of cassette players exposed the civilian population to serious danger and warned washington against such decisions. but vladimir zelensky at that very time was trying to negotiate military assistance to ukraine with the president of bulgaria, the blush of the radio did not come out the tran

how much was said about no one with grief between a oi and u washington when trump was elected, but look. let me remind you that we have repeatedly turned to the american side with a request. well, give us evidence that someone in russia interfered in electoral processes in internal affairs. we only got one answer. yes , you yourself know everything, we will not give you anything, and a conversation on this topic is useless. the main thing is that now everything, uh, everyone already knows everything that they are inflated. uh, theses were put forward against the russian federation, but we still have sanctions, so far we have not returned our property in seattle to san francisco new york in washington and summing up. here, in a nutshell, these sanctions will remain. we must understand to expect something better. she's worth it to me to rely on her economics opera. to your magnificent human potential. well, to protect us , uh, our army, fleet yes, anatoly ivanovich and his completion of our conversation. uh, to sum it up. i understand that we are now at lower levels, there is another set

initiative and provide this evidence base to the international court of justice in the hague in washington wasayed. and as we can see, perhaps they will be handed over soon, but another piece of information was made public by the same journalists from the reuters agency, so they opposed the transfer of this evidence base to the hague in the pentagon, because the american military generals believed that if they were allowed to give this evidence er, to the international criminal court, then this can harm precisely the american soldiers who are currently fighting abroad and who may fall, for example, in the same series , be captured, somehow fall into the hands of the russians and therefore, the russians can also accuse them of committing war crimes on the territory of, for example, the same series or on the territory of afghanistan. well, that’s it , but the fact that this evidence base can be handed over by washington is very good news for us , there are enough troops in ukraine and capabilities to continue the counteroffensive , us defense minister lloyd austin said this during a visit to pap

declassified accurately on time in 2017 and 2021 and last year, and it is unlikely that anyone in washington was about reputational losses 6 years ago they published documents that proved that the cia organized the assassination of foreign leaders, despite the formal ban on congress, they hunted not only fidel, but also patrice lumumba, and then gaddafi and saddam hussein official the version of kennedy's assassination is known to have been shot by lee harvey with a wasp, a mad loner whose motives are not clear to us. maybe he's red. crazy fighter for democracy. or maybe he was just looking for glory poddezdnaya, because oswald himself was also killed, and then the killer of the killer left our world. the chronology of the crime has been disassembled by seconds long ago. it turned out that oswald simply could not from such a distance. from this angle and at this pace to shoot poor candy about this whole story. a public agreement has developed, the essence of which is also formulated by us talked to a person who has access to a classified cia document and who is as aware of their contents as poss