so this is a wavelength, wavelength, wavelength. kinda easy stuff. so when you talk about the wavelength of a wave-- when i say wavelength of a wave, we'll all be talking about the same thing, yeah? okay. there's another thing with a vibration too. there's something vibrating here. okay? now, the vibration has a frequency. what do you suppose the frequency is, gang? you say, "what do you mean what the frequency is?" it's a vibration, what you said." what's the value? what's the numerical value of the frequency? well, the frequency would be how many cycles per second. let's start here. about one per second. what do you get, lee? it will hit about one per second. one point what? one per second. well, let's just say, one per second. yeah. if it swings back and forth, one time per second, then its vibration frequency is one vibration per second. ain't that neat? or we can say one cycle per second. got that? or we could say, one avis-- no, no, no, no, wait, one hertz. [laughter] okay? one hertz is a shortcut name for one vibration per second. you get it?

so this is a wavelength, wavelength, wavelength. kinda easy stuff. so when you talk about the wavelength of a wave-- when i say wavelength of a wave, we'll all be talking about the same thing, yeah? okay. there's another thing with a vibration too. there's something vibrating here. okay? now, the vibration has a frequency. what do you suppose the frequency is, gang? you say, "what do you mean what the frequency is?" it's a vibration, what you said." what's the value? what's the numerical value of the frequency? well, the frequency would be how many cycles per second. let's start here. about one per second. what do you get, lee? it will hit about one per second. one point what? one per second. well, let's just say, one per second. yeah. if it swings back and forth, one time per second, then its vibration frequency is one vibration per second. ain't that neat? or we can say one cycle per second. got that? or we could say, one avis-- no, no, no, no, wait, one hertz. [laughter] okay? one hertz is a shortcut name for one vibration per second. you get it?

it turns out with a finer, finer wavelength. you can get a wavelength that's very, very fine. very, very fine wave length, you can get an atom. and when i went to school, teacher types told me, we'll never see a photograph of an atom. look in your book and we got one. you guys see that? what page? whoever finds it first, get an "a." - 180. - 180. lee, you already got your "a". who else said 180? you get an "a" too. troy, at the end of the class, you could just miss all exams. not quite. page 180, gang, and there we have it right there. and that photograph, gang, made some history, because there are the individual atoms, the location of all those atoms very clearly shown. that's taken with an electron microscope. now, there's new kinds of microscopes that are called tunneling microscopes. and these microscopes give you a pattern that looks like this. we have a tunneling microscope right up in the physics department. now what that does, it takes a little needle that scans back forth, back forth, back forth across the surface of metal and where the atoms are sticking up, makes a

this is a look down to the washington monument to see -- this was the long light wavelength of the sunset. numberseck up of the create we are dropping into the 50's already. springfield, 58 in the nation's capital. we will range from the lower to the middle 40's and the lower 50's downtown. and another beautiful sunset create we have lots of pictures. some of our -- pictures from our local viewers. >> thank you. the ongoing and growing debate over the name of washington's football team took a twist. the most critical opponent will meet with the top brass sooner than expected. we have more on what this could mean. outspokenof an american indian nation are in town making it clear that they will not stop. calling on the league and the washington redskins organization to do what it takes to change the nickname. >> and effort that we are in for the long-term. this is not going to go away. >> representatives of the oneida indian nation joined others in support of the change the mascot campaign directed at washington's nfl franchise. they believe the team's moniker, the redskins is deeply offens

in a high frequency, have a small wavelength and can detect small, small things. it turns out dolphins too. dolphins perceive most of their environment with the sense of sound. there's a way down there. it gets dark gang-- gets murky, doesn't it? and how does a dolphin get around? in fact, the dolphins kinda got us beat in a little way because a dolphin can communicate with others with the same sense that they receive information. we receive most of our information by sight, huh? now, how do you give that back to other people in terms of sight? we can't. so we've invented a language. we have letters of the alphabet. we have grammar. we have words. so someone can tell you, boy, did i have a neat time today. the physics that i saw was blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, yeah? and we have a language. and we've always wondered, how come that dolphins don't seem to have maybe like-- they don't an alphabet language, yeah? what's they're alphabet? how many letters, you know? what are they're word processors like? how do the dolphins do it? and there's some neat ide

but it's rough compared to the wavelength of light. so for a light wave, this is a very, very rough surface and ain't that nice? because light coming down will bounce off in all directions and you can hold your head anywhere and see the book. see, if the book were a mirrored surface, you could only see it in certain places, isn't that neat? this happens at nighttime when you're driving. everybody driving at nighttime when it's raining out and it's very difficult to see the road ahead. you know why that's true? if the road is dry, the surface is rough and your headlights will come down and some of that light will come back to you. and you, the driver, have enough light coming back through your windshield to see the road ahead. it's illuminated by your headlights. but what happens in a rainy night? is the surface rough? nope. the surface, honey, is mirrored. now, it's like a mirror surface. your headlights come down, bo-boom, bounce off ahead, nothing coming back to you, hardly. you see? and so you say, "hey, if i get the lights on, you

and that film is one-quarter the wavelength of yellow light. so the light that bounced from here also is ganged up by light that goes here, a quarter, a quarter, a half. and what happens is you'll cancel it out. and so that thin film will cancel all this. it won't happen, and you'll be back to your nice, sharp picture, at least, for the part of the light in the middle of the spectrum. so you, out here--look at the thin--this little thing. if it's canceling yellow on this side, it's canceling yellow on this side 'cause it's the same type of thing. you're getting a double bounce out here. so when you look at that purplish surface, okay, that purplish surface of the lenses, it isn't like they got some purple gunk they put on there. no, no, no. it's very, very clear. but the thickness is such that it will cancel out the yellow and give you the complementary color, so you see your coded lenses, the nice purplish color. ain't that neat? you like? yeah. yeah. i bet-- gang, we'll talk about polarization. we talked about charged polarization before. we

that wavelength, frequency. it turns out-- well, i won't even talk about wave under this point. let me just talk about frequency. that sun: high temperature or low temperature? high. the earth: relatively, high or low? low. now it turns out that everything is emitting waves: you and me and everything else that has a temperature above absolute zero. everything is emitting waves, and everything is absorbing waves. we're just gonna concentrate on the sun and the earth for now 'cause we're running out of time. the frequency of waves emitted by the sun are very, very high. the sun's temperature is like this. so the frequency of waves is like that. so high, millions of billions of cycles per second. [makes sounds] and we call that light. and that's--and light carries energy. electromagnetic energy. high, high frequency. why is it high frequency so high it's called light? because the temperature of the sun is very, very high. okay? now that light comes down and... [makes sounds] ...hits the earth. and so the earth warms up. but the earth reradiates that energy back out. but what freque

are largely determined by two basic characteristics: amplitude, how high the wave goes up...and wavelengthese sinusoids explains why, when we play the higher and the lower a together, they sound good together. the sinusoids from each of these two notes fit perfectly inside one another. the higher a is the lower one squashed by one-half. of course, not all waves are perfect sinusoids. there are all sorts of waves. different objects create different types of waves, therefore different types of sound. strings are the source of some of the most beautiful music on earth. they have so many interesting characteristics. watch. [ plays low note ] when we play different strings, we create different sounds, therefore differently shaped sound waves. [ plays scale of notes ] the same thing happens when you pluck the same string at different positions. or when you play strings on different instruments. in each case, you create different sounds, therefore different sound waves. and when a variety of sound waves of different amplitudes, frequencies, and shapes are combined, we have music. [ playing song ]

it's clear he's on a different wavelength than we are or the rest of the country should be. this fight is about the solvency of our country. this fight will determine where we're going to be decades from now. we're on a path to bankruptcy as a country and we've got to get our spending under control. now, you can get it under control by trying to restrict obama care, if that's the way you want to take it. or any other numbers of programs that you may want to cut spending concerning. but the big picture is we're going to have a federal government in solvency and bankruptcy if we don't change our path. and the president's own comptroller general earlier this year warned congress that we are on an unsustainable path. >> let's talk about spending here. i'm sure you would acknowledge as the cbo has indicated that the past two years at least, spending in this country has fallen to a smaller percentage of the gdp since any administration since eisenhower. i would assume you're aware of that, correct? >> i am aware of our spending trends. i'm also aware that over the last five years,