they were the surveyors. they were the ones that took the notes, that gathered the specimens, that tried to keep a list of the languages the vocabularies of the native americans. they really were citizen scientists sent out to just get a count of everything that they saw and some things, like i said, the bibison you couldn't even count because there were so many of them but they wanted to give their report to jefferson so he could say here's what we're going to encounter as our generations fill up the canvas. here's what's out there, this amazing wealth resource and they were the ones that brought it back they brought the report back and told jefferson, that purchase was worth it. >> tonight's look at the people, places and events of westward expansion is part of c-span's cities tour where we travel across the country heigl -- highlighting the literary life and history of each city we visit. you can see more at c-span.org, click on the series tab and click the link for c-span cities tour. our american history

now t british were exhausted. they fought an hour-long battle and a heat so intense that 18 of the men dropped dead from heat exhaustion. then they marched 6 months southwest of the capital and then burned the capital and tramped almost a mile down pennsylvania avenue to where they were now. they were famished and thirsty. admiral george coburn was the driving force. his superior, major general robert ross had second thoughts and he wanted to return. and coburn forced him by the influence of his occupants, to proceed. he said we've only got militia men ahead of us. that's nothing. we've come so far, we have to continue. he had been recognized by nelson. he acknowledged coburn ability and knowledge and zeal. he was naugt of so highly by the british admiralty, that he was chosen to take the great napoleon into exile on the island. and i got ahold of his diary. and he said this man, napoleon, sometimes, wants to play the sovereign. i won't allow it. that is the fiber of a man who grabbed an american who was innocent.

they were not in the middle east, we were not the americans.kid i used to look for hmong in a map of the bigger world. this is the hmong land, the houses of mongolia. before i knew our history people say where are you from and sometimes it was easier to say mongolia. mongolia made sense. that is how i explained what i was. i wasn't learning it. i didn't write -- my sister loved to read. he would hold my hand and climb onto the road. i used to ask her about children like me. the librarian gave me books in chinese and vietnamese. there were not many books about the hmong. in my heart it has always been a yearning to pick up a book about men and women like my mom and dad. we are at hmong village in st. paul, minn.. this is where a piece of my heart is. my answer and uncles, people like my mom and dad, not like mental oil. you walk for a the booth and everything looks the same. all the clothing, traditional hmong embroidery, all looks the same until you come to the vendors and find out who made that particular outfit, who created that particular ne

they were practicing polygamy.he country was up in arms about that. so these politicians were sent to that area where they were supposed to interview people in that area and find out what was happening and what they were doing. the committee never really did end up making any decision, utah was later admitted to the union, but people felt strongly about that issue. there are different collection pieces here and the minnesota history center. two we have, when about the doctrine of mormonism and a pamphlet dealing with plural marriage. so there is a lot more issues, some of those issues we keep hearing about in the modern day as well. fascinating to note some of the same issues people were wondering how to deal with. a lot of people felt in the later victorian era ramsey really helped create what we would consider minnesota. you can say that. i think that is fair to say, you have to be very conscious about what that means in the modern day. everything from ramsey county, a waterfall in western minnesota. so his impri

they were collected. they had the presence of mind to cut off their heads and drag them into a deep freezer to preserve an evidence trail. i was the beginning of their partnership. i'm not going to tell you anymore about the plot, but to say thematically here's an unlikely alliance of an attorney and they will scientist who really determined dowd column on this income a test of conscience for him to take on the world's most powerful navy by themselves. they did it initially with. that'll support. reynolds was an rdc, but nobody thought this was a fight worth fighting until they started raining. i won't go there. anyway, in terms of whales mattered obviously deeply to these two men. i think that what they've taught me because i spend a lot of time at these two guys and a lot of people connected to one his team will scientist here if anyone wants to know about dolphins. so, my feeling is i want to end on this hopeful note, a favorite quote of mine did in the world of mammals very to not peeks. one is not sa

and we know there were two frigates that were kept inordinary. these were ships no longer active but still good enough that they didn't need to get rid of them but they just kind of kept them in a mothball and they would sometimes do that by having them floot alongside a wharf, but other times they would literally take them out of the water and you would take all the masts and the rigging and everything down and you might build some type of temporary structure over the top of it to protect the decks. and i believe what we are looking at right there are two of the frigates that burned at the navy yard that night and they are probably the boston and the general green. very interesting. this is a noncontemporary drawing done by peter wadell and for those of you at the dinner last night when you came into the decatur house, you may have noticed on the left-hand side there was an exhibit area. i hope you took the time to look at some of those exhibits. you may have an opportunity to do that again tonight. i'm not sure. but hanging on the wall were sev

and were reversed. to me that is not a substantive change. we put them back the way they should have been. but that is not a substantive change. it wasn't a budget of 40 veterans. did you ever receive the list of names of those that were on that list? the interview addresses that very clearly and was even suggested that perhaps some of them might have been run over by a bus that he didn't know what the cause of death was. >> did he not give you a transcript yet? >> i apologize for arriving late but it needs to be read by everybody that has a serious interest in this matter because it was a taped transcript of the interview. >> can i respond to that interview? >> of the 93 ongoing reviews, how many have been closed out and when do you use the leave the rest will be completed? >> at this point we have 12 that we have turned over to the department that i wouldn't say were closed because we would anticipate administrative action being taken from the standpoint that we have completed the work that would have

in 1837, the seminole wars were being fought in florida and a number of troops were called off from hereduring world war ii, the numbers skyrocketed. over 300,000 men and women has to fort snelling as they were inducted into military service. this was a very busy place throughout its history. we're standing in front of the place that we believe that dred and harriet scott lived between 1806 and 1840. -- 1836 and 1840. when they hear the story of the enslaved people that were here, many of them are very surprised. they may have heard of dred scott and high school history, but they did not know he lived here. they did not know that the institution of slavery existed this far north. it really surprises a lot of people. we hope that they came away not only learning about the stories of these people, but knowing that what happened at the fort impacted history. dred scott's experience at the fort provided for the legal case when they sued for their read him throughout the 1840's and 1850's. the case when all the way to the supreme court. because of the dred scott decision in 1857, it stated th

we were constantly being fed lsd. we were trapped. absolutely trapped. there was no way out. i think he was getting more desperate to keep it all together and to keep control. as a matter of fact, i remember one time he said, whoever wants to leave now, go home to mommy and daddy, do it now and after this there will be no leaving. we were in the middle of nowhere. people that were involved started talking. and that's why you had young girls who had only been there a short while and weren't as programmed and didn't have as much of their souls taken run for their lives. and that's what opened up the whole thing. >> i had mixed emotions about those who left. love had given way to mistrust. our own violence threatened our freedom. one by one society was stripping my loves away from me. i knew sooner or later the cops and the whole establishment were going to come down on us for those murders. at the time of the arrests, i thought most of us, including myself, would be back on the streets in a matter of days. but the worm had finally turne

more charges were brought. by that time, they were dropped. that was following his civil war service. the bridge was allowed to stand. it allowed railroads to reshape the nation. this is one of his detective books from his work as a labor spy. the work was simple. he would ride the rails and pay with marked bills. among some, it is what they are known for. had webster continued on the path he was on, he likely would have headed up one of the branches of the agency to open in the coming years. but unfolding events changed the future. shortly after abraham lincoln's election in 1860, allan pinkerton received a request to investigate secessionist threats to destroy the bridges between washington, d.c., and new york city. webster took a group of operatives to maryland. pinkerton was posing as a stockbroker and took an office next to a secessionist. through him, he learned of a have ahat claimed to plan to assassinate lincoln as he passed through baltimore. at the time, the way it was set up was lincoln would arrive on one train in baltimore and ha

there were 28 allegations. all of them were wrong.d that was the very product that was used to write colin powell's speech he gave at the u.n. first week of february 2003, six or seven weeks before he went into the country. >> did the president have any better information than colin powell had or he believed the same? >> i don't think bush cared at all about the evidence. he wasn't looking for evidence. he was cowering people from the very start, richard clark and it is in his book. soon after 9/11, to find out what iraq, iraq's role was in the 9/11 attack. and not only was there no role whatsoever by saddam hussein and osama bin laden hated each other. they were rivals in terms of the islamic fundamentalist activity in the middle east. they weren't allies at all. and this was known to bush. it was known to cheney but, you know, cheney's position was the 1% factor. if there's a 1% chance that saddam hussein has weapons of mass destruction, we have to take action. well, this is justification for what cheney wanted to do. we wanted to p

they were practicing polygamy. the country was up in arms about that. so these politicians were sent to that area where they were supposed to interview people in that area and find out what was happening and what they were doing. the committee never really did end up making any decision, utah was later admitted to the union, but people felt strongly about that issue. there are different collection pieces here and the minnesota history center. two we have, when about the doctrine of mormonism and a pamphlet dealing with plural marriage. so there is a lot more issues, some of those issues we keep hearing about in the modern day as well. fascinating to note some of the same issues people were wondering how to deal with. a lot of people felt in the later victorian era ramsey really helped create what we would consider minnesota. you can say that. i think that is fair to say, you have to be very conscious about what that means in the modern day. everything from ramsey county, a looking at his legacy through a 2014 lentz

his plans were what they were looking for. every architect in the competition had to submit a drawing of the building. some of the requirements the board wanted was to have a building with a big dome, the emblematic center of the state capitol would be the dome. some of the features he was able to add to that were appealing to them. there were some questions pray -- people questioned his connection to the vice president of the board of commissioners. he lived next door to his mother, cass gilbert's mother. they were friends, so there was a good relationship between cass gilbert and the vice president of the commission. some people questioned, did he get it because he was already well-known by one of the commissioners? i think by his own merit he qualified as probably the best architect for the project. as you walk into the state capitol, it really is a magnificent piece of architecture and decoration. everything fits together so well. it is kind of like his first masterpiece, one of the great buildings of his career is the min

a lot of things were said, a lot of things were done during that time that were very interesting. but anyway, we did the facing page ballot, we sent it out to everybody that needed to see it. nobody said a word. it was sent out to all registered voters in the county. nobody said a word. everybody approved it. both sides, up, down, in the middle. nobody said a word until election morning and i truly believe part of the problem is we have a very large retirement population in our county that we're used to, from the northeast, that were used to what's called palm cards. if anybody knows what palm cards are, they're little cards that you hold in the palm of your hand when you vote, they're cheat sheet, and the different condo commandos would pass out their particular palm cards and a lot of times they would just put the ballot -- because on the ballot, on the punch cards each position had a number. they would either just put numbers or punch the third hole from the top or whatever the case may be. that was part of the problem. because the palm cards that were distributed, and in my st

you know, as they were shooting, children were screaming, yeah, as they were shooting. >> i just feltre, i didn't really feel anything. when the person walked away i just looked and i could see i had been shot. >> and it was a really strange physical force, i found out later i was shot in my left leg, and it entered my leg and came out of my right hip. my main concern was to make sure my children didn't see, so esort of held their faces down, saying don't look up, don't look up. it was just a lot of blood and a lot of anguish on people's faces as they lay there dying. >> 200 feet away, kathryn and her three daughters were still hiding under the display table. >> i was worried that my girls, you know, if they were to get shot, you know, that i would have to lay there and to watch them die or if i were to be shot they would have to watch me die and i didn't want them to have to go through that. >> where i was laying i could see there was this guy in the doorway of nakumatt. and i asked him, what is going on, and he told me lie down. that is what he told me. because from there where he w

this is not the stand people were hoping for. >> some people were hoping the city council would take it a step further. they wanted members to call out the 49ers and ray mcdonald and to stand with advocates who want him benched until the issue is resolved. >> men beating on their girlfriends at the game. >> the santa clara city council addressed the issue. members adopted a resolution. >> we want them to do all they can to eradicate violence and protect them. >> it is a do -- domestic vie -- violence. group. they are angry they changed the original proposal. >> it does not include the name of the person who did the disirty. >> ray mcdonald is under investigation. but she is pleased with the resolution. >> it is easy to say it is their fault and the league. and there is a lot of cleaning up. bring it home though. >> the organization owes it to the city to protect survivors and change attitudes that allow abuse. abc7newss. >> the future of the trans-bay transit center is in jeopardy. the san francisco chronicle is reporting an agreement between san francisco officials and developers ov

commission believes the shots were fired. and those boxes are retained by the national archives and are in our stacks. boxes put into boxes. as you can see there. yet again, here is another fragment of bullet that was found from the limousine. commission exhibit 567. so what we have here are slides of testing that was done during the time of the assassination records review board. it was determined that there was a fragment of something that was on the bullet that was not part of the bullet. there were some question about whether or not it was textile. this would've been significant because this is the bullet that was believed to have hit the president in the head. not the bullet that went to his neck. and so testing was done. the national archives brought in various different agencies -- fbi, armed forces institute of pathology -- to examine it and test it and make a determination. it was determined it was not textile. it was actually some sort of human tissue of some type. and so the next question was, could we determine an

>> they were in character. they were doing exactly as they were trained to do.he officers that were playing the part of the inmates were not making it easy on any of these guys. they were going full bore to try to get these guys to mess up. >> it's also no coincidence that the inmates portrayed in this drill were supposed to be organized crime offenders. since the fall of communism in 1989, poland has seen a sharp uptick in organized crime, and its members are filling polish prisons. officials say this man is the leader of an organized crime syndicate. he is serving four years for multiple offenses including the commission of murder. >> translator: if three people, just three people, commit the crime together, they are called an organized crime, a criminal group, and they get sentenced as a criminal group. >> how many people died in your case? how many people were murdered in your case? >> one. >> how was this person murdered? >> translator: the person was suffocated, strangulation. >> do you consider yourself a dangerous person? >> translator: i don't consider

these were serious options. the other thing that you wanted to make sure was it was a strategy and that you are not just reacting to crisis. the system the dominated foreign-policy in terms of the white house. we had several factors. secondly, it was a distrust of others. bringing a deleted trust to were also imaginative and innovative. thirdly, he had the guts to appoint henry kissinger and not nelson rockefeller. he was a jewish immigrant from harvard. you had a terrific staff, present company excluded of course, and they all work harder than the state department. then you had issues that we will get into, that let themselves to a close-knit operation and the secretive operation. the three key issues were in vietnam, china, and russia. of the factors that led to the domination by the white house. >> i wanted to focus on us. because it was different than before. who chaired this? there was always the in thegency discussions eisenhower and kennedy and the johnson administration. but who was the chair? >> i don't

and fans were into this one. kron4's scott rates was on the sidelines and shows us how fans celebrated. fans were very eagerly awaiting the first victory in new levi stadium. the fans inside the stadium were allowed, the niners did not disappoint. allowed to say the least, 68,000 fans packing into the stadium. the niners looked wonderful like a completely different team. 49ers' getting the job done, beating the eagles 26 to 21. the fans said it was all worth the money. it was cool it was amazing. i'm having a blast this has been wonderful. i think the crowd did a great job there and i smiled. the fans really helped us be alive. it's great we have that behind you. the field looked good, cirri here. nothing is coming up off the field, unlike preseason. the forty-niners will be back here to play the chiefs next week. a shake-up could be coming to the oakland raiders team, possibly changing coaches. oakland a's fans have reason to celebrate today. as you can see here.the champagne is flowing in the clubhouse. the a's

newspapers were asking questions, cameramen were feeding pictures.nd one interested bystander was just looking on that friday night. his name, jack ruby. ruby was a dallas nightclub owner. he had a beer joint downtown were girls did striptease dancers on stage. in the not belong police station, especially at a time like this. what, then, was he doing there? did he know oswald? two more questions for the commission to answer. we have seen oswald lee exhibited and harried by reporters. this led to another question. jail?s also treated in was he given all his civil rights? ask that of the man most responsible, the police chief. grantedee harvey oswald all of his civil rights during his confinement in the city jail? >> yes, sir, i believe that he was. we did have some calls from outsiders as to whether or not he was being accorded his civil rights. and we contacted the head of the dallas bar association, at that time it was lewis nichols. was onebelieve that he of those that called and said that they had at some inquiries. we invited him to come down and

again and again, the bullet angles were measured. the chalk spots were read on. -- were redone.arl warren went to dallas himself in june and went to the window and he looked through the rifle site. all this mattered because if there were any shots from the overpass, if there were more than three shots, oswald would've had to had an accomplice. where did the bullets come from? how many were there? these questions of direction and number of bullets are matched in importance by the whole matter of speed and firing. could also fire a rifle fast -- could oswald fire a old action rifle fast enough to hit moving targets in a few seconds? could anyone operate a rifle in such a fashion? these matters have been widely discussed the world over for 10 months and the warren commission had the best ballistic experts in the country. we will have their conclusions a little later. the experts can check in measure but eddie barker talked to two men who told the commission they actually saw oswald with a rifle in his hands. they are malcolm price, supervisor of a sports rifle range. and garland sl

they were standing outside of a septa train center. >> they were rowdy and unruly. they were walking south from broad and olney towards einstein hospital. that is when minutes later the shots rang out. >>reporter:a 15-year-old school that was walking with a friend and not in the group was struck in the back by a bullet. they rushed her into the hospital. they worked on her. she was pronounced dead. a 19-year-old male is innocent bystander was struck by three bullets to the neck. there were a number of police personnel that witnessed the melee. as a result the police were able to take five people into custody for questioning. >> we are confident that the five young adults were apprehended at broad and olney were with the crowd involved in the shooting. >>reporter:they were temporarily put on lockdown. this all happened in front of the albert einstein medical center, during rush-hour is disturbing. >> rush-hour and people are moving back and forth, bullets are flying. it's a terrible situation. >> a black male wearing a black tank top. the police are confident they wi

political parties were abolished, labor unions were abolished. sports had to come under the control of the reich and that included gun clubs and there were a lot of independent gun clubs, some of them had been in existence for hundreds of years in germany and if they refused to make their leaders of the club nazi members then the club president and vice president and all that, these people would be arrested and taken into gestapo custody. this is in the period of forcing into the line where all elements of society were being taken within the nazi national socialist agenda. we go through that period. at the same time you start having a lot more focus on getting at the jews and how horrible they are and here is our friend bernard best and he is the one who offered the 1931 document which talked about the execution of persons who were gun owners who didn't turn the man within 24 hours, if there was a nazi takeover. he was actually, he had a law degree, some sort of judicial office and when the nazis came to power he became chief legal adviser of the

they were the most dedicated. they were not people who were bought out by fancy cars.nted the fanciest trappings in the world around them. really we were people who wanted to work and do whatever it took. >> the truth is, you know, your average joe american could get caught up in something of a closed community if his or her needs were right and the opportunity presented itself. particularly for anyone who is disenfranchised. >> it's like, okay, what do i do to remove some of that guilt or some of the filth that is collected by dealing with this for decades? you help people. you become involved in your community. you become involved in your city. you try to be an asset to society rather than a deficit. you do the same things that you were taught before, set the example. and that's all you can do. >>> he was known as the most dangerous man alive. >> if i started murdering people, there would be none of you left. >> in 1987, the "today" show went to san quentin state prison and interviewed the infamous charles manson. he was unshackled and unapologetic. >> you know, if i

if anybody did, it might have been the people that were released from the jail, they were jail birds, then they might have been in there because the british jailed traitors. and so they may have had a good reason to burn the parliament buildings. but so they may have joined some of the american settlers and burned the parliament buildings, but it wasn't the american troops. >> well, there is still a great bit of mystery and uncertainty about exactly what happened. nobody can say with certainty who burned the parliament, certainly americans of some sort, more than likely deserved some of the responsibility. but, again, this was not something that was sanctioned by the american government. any other questions? >> yes -- the york issue. i do agree with you. your book was great and i encourage anyone to read it, everyone to read it, i should say. the point that i find fascinating with york is that the u.s. navy has some items, still has some items that were taken from the parliament at york. they're at the naval academy museum. the guilded lion, at one time, they had the parliamentary mac

he said the plumbers were established that were endangering national security and senator baker agreed. when asked what they were doing, they were critiquing the johnson administration and of course it raise questions about the vietnam war and kissinger continued for about five years and then in the end i got about the same deal when they first came in. when asked how watergate could happen, the president replied 72 was a very busy year and the measurements have been taken in this trip to the south and he said the backup plane hadn't been brought down so they had used as much fuel at the time. he asked if it went down then they don't have to impeach me. and so he talked about the vice president, which he had held out from the government and then he said i want to say this to the television audience. i've made my mistakes. i have never profited from public service and i have earned every cent and in all my years i have never obstructed justice. then came the famous immortal line that we welcome this kind of thing that people have to know whether or not their president is a crook. well,

adviser were worried. the troops were under harassing fire and the deadline of tet was drawing closer. delay could well cause the men their holiday and morale could become dangerously low. as he later admitted, johnston's concern for the men led him to use poor judgment. he attempted to advise his counterpart in front of officers and men leaving kahn to recommend the solution. the acceptance of advice in front of others would have caused him to lose face so he continued to use his own methods. even procurement of a second bulldozer and use of all available men didn't help. finally johnston in private issued an ultimatum to kahn, use the method he recommended or he would make a report to regiment. this would result in even greater loss of face and possibly disciplinary action for kahn. the battalion commander reluctantly gave in. johnston's method was to anchor the bottom of the track to a stationary object so the tractor to would pup itself out of the hole with its own treads and out of the hole it had dug

three sophomores were killed when the vehicle they were riding in crashed. holland, bucks county with more on the story is kenneth moton. >> tonight we heard young men described as athletic, full of life and religious walter. as you mentioned they were up in that area for the holiday weekend before the start of school this week when something tragic happened open the roadway the gray skies over counsel council rock high school south matched those in the community grieving three sophomores. the 15 years were killed saturday morning when the suv they were in crashed near lake wamapaupack in wayne county. >> one day you wake up and bit end of the day everything is crashing down. >> state police are investigating the rollover crash and what led to it. the victims were in the suv with three other teens also injured. ryan learner who played basketball and soccer attended st. john's united methodist where the church opened its doors sunday for anyone that needed to talk. the pastor has known his family for a decade. >> ryan was an awesome young man, full of energy

they were leveled out. their edges were trend. -- trimmed.irst semblance of pipe joints. ♪ the plates, which had now become cylinders, the outside scene was well the first. -- well the first. then the inside seam was welded. ♪ the operator study the growing metal reflected in a mirror. and were placed hydraulically expanded. there ends were smoothed and beveled. an inspector examined the measured each joint. remained unseen. the inspector examined the inside as thoroughly as the outside. jointy, joint after rolled down. the joints were fabricated in 31 foot length. within the joints larger ones, a new and ingenious idea for transportation of pipe. miles.e was moved 15 ship, taken aboard the his destination was the persian gulf, 12,000 nautical miles and 45 days across. towards the end of december, 19 47, they dropped anchor as close as they could get. the first of the pipes. finished, project was there would be 100 ship loads pipe another cargo delivered, totaling 3 billion. half of the pipe joints were 30 inches in diameter, the rest of them

two officers were wounded in separate shootings, but police say they were unrelated. the justice department meanwhile has ordered local police to stop wearing bracelets in support of the officer who shot michael brown, which read "i am darren wilson." ferguson officers have also been instructed to stop hiding their identity through obscured nametags or not wearing them at all, saying it conveys a message that "officers may seek to act with impunity." we'll have more from ferguson later in the broadcast. california governor jerry brown has signed a measure to end the practice of forced sterilizations in prisons. the move comes after the center for investigative reporting revealed last year nearly 150 female prisoners were surgically sterilized without required -- [no audio] [no audio] a new enemy. the threat did not exist, per se, was a group the people within the syrian opposition faction as being ready to be struck. the entire narrative that developed and the media developed was put to ally after the strikes. it was interesting ken delaney reported it first in the se

were. neither republican or democrat. just americans in pursuit of the facts and justice no matter where that journey takes us. with that i recognize the ranking member from maryland. >> thank you, mr. chairman and i thank you for holding this hearing today. i know every member of the panel is dedicated to ensuring we honor the four americans killed in benghazi. their names must be etched in our memory banks. chris stevens. sean smith. tyrone woods and glen dougherty. i want to thank our representative for proposing the topic of the hearing and mr. chairman i want to thank you for accepting that topic so that we can see what has become the of recommendations. today we have an opportunity to focus on reform. how can we learn from the past to make things better in the future? mr. chairman, i agree with you that over the years recommendation after recommendations have been made. the question is what became of them as you said. i do believe in life there are transformational moments. that is so

but she, her parents were quakers.there was a lot of discussion about slavery and abolition, sort of ahead of its time. her father gaves slaves freedom because of this and that was the reason she ended up in philadelphia. so i don't know if she had qualms about returning to a slave holding society, or whether she went without a backward glance, but some day somebody's going to find a trunk of letters and tell me what i need to know. >> thomas jefferson said he was the most brilliant speaker along with pendleton that he had ever heard, not a quiet little man -- >> james madison was a formidable intellect, twoef take the many descriptions of madison for what they are which is politics. ral ralph. >> i'm going to see the great little madison? >> right. so i have to say -- yes, of course madison is famous, so dolly madison, when she meets james madison, she's in the capitol of the yielts at that point, in philadelphia, and congress is there. and she has heard of what she called the great little madison. i have to say that,

advisers were sent to vietnam many lessons were learned.and techniques have been developed. the best way to describe it and to illustrate the lessons learned is to tell the story of one u.s. officer, captain william r. johnston who from may 1962 until april 19 3 served as m.a.g. adviser to the first infan trentry battalion seventh regiment, army of the republican of vietnam. 34-year-old michigan-born captain johnston with a wife and two children in chicago would soon learn his military assignment required a thorough knowledge of guerrilla tactics. and to maintain a workable relationship with his a.r.v.i.n. counterpart he would have to make some changes in his approach toward human relationships. his counterpart captain kahn had received infantry and artillery training in the united states. but there was still a large gulf of two divergent cultures. it would be up to sergeant johnston to bridge this gulf as rapidly as vietnamese customs would permit. as johnston met officials he was aware of the need to understand the vietnamese people witho

said to be released back in two thousand and nine why were they alternately how back. well over julie back in two thousand and nine. nuri al maliki had asked the government to please hold him back because of the widespread resistance in iraq to the american presence there and the up people they release could then cause was not something he thought would be a wise idea now this torture narrative was was coming out of prisons run by the us abroad after the nine eleven attacks i was really groups like amnesty international that were hearing the testimony or or confessions of what many of these prisoners had experienced after they had been released the a.c.l.u. brought a lawsuit against the u.s. government demanding the release of images recordings videos of torture and then in two thousand and four when a handful of these images were released it really brought this argument to the forefront how dare the u.s. government act against its own principles and it was then in two thousand and five that judge hellerstein heller side rather ruled that the government needed to relea

the british were to blame.e that was put to him that his administration failed to address the nation, he said well, was congress ees fault. if they'd given me the lawi izs the shape and:cqx time, he said think we would have seen a very different picture. on top of that madison said, perhaps he shouldn't have said canada if you look at it along a historical perspective is a very difficult and hazardous enterprise. experiences he had during the seven years war and what the americans had vi during the opening years of the revolutionary war when two american armies had failed to take and hold quÉbec in the opening months of the american revolution. madison summed up this in the following way. i quote, the difficulties were explained quote by the forests we penetrated, the savages to be encountered and the likes and other waters to be passed in order to reach a distant theater where the adversary was at home in the midst of all of his resources for defense, closed quote. madison also listed two other factors that h

they were the support troops. they were the ones at night set up the tents, got the firewood, building fire, cook the food, took care of the children, cleaned the uniforms with brushes. and, of course, they were the medical corps. there were doctors but they needed hundreds to take care of the casualties. and so, it was the women, it was the families of the soldiers of the regiment that tended the wounded. 10 years ago, this was just a field that a few local citizens were really interested in trying to preserve the history here. had a little ceremony, and the lady who lived in that white farmhouse was very interested. we talked to her about it and she put it into her will when she died this parcel of land would be given to the battle of plattsburgh. and the state and this town built this so that we could all see exactly what happened here on that day at culver hill. we're in the kent-delord house, a period home where the british stayed. after they run the americas troops off, they will continue down the edge of th

we were able to collect. i'm not at liberty to go into too much detail about the attack itself, but i can tell you they were getting close. if we were fully successful in these strikes we believe we will have been able to thwart those attacks, but, again, we still need to wait and watch and take another look. >> okay. i note you use the word targets, i don't want to push you any further i know you don't want to tell me, and i got that. but does the pentagon know what the targets are or were? they're very specific? >> we have specific intelligence, specific information about the nature of the attack. that's really as far as i'm able to go. >> now turn to isis. what did isis have 24 hours ago that it doesn't have right now in syria? >> we hit targets that get right at isil's community, excuse me, targets that fwekt their ability to command-and-control, to sustain themselves, to train themselves to recrete. we know that we hit hard targets that they have been using to sustain themselves in the fight in iraq and

supporting those people who were disabled, who were people of color, who were denied access to social services throughout the state of new york. i think there's an important message to get out. and if children and adults get that message, maybe we can work together today. >> that's on the level that i -- that's where the mixed emotion comes in. i'm glad you're here. i don't knock someone for having some successes in life, you know, hey, at the same time, your success, the white community's success has come at a cost to some other people. and that's why i have a problem with that, but i'm real glad you're out there. what's your view on rep repreations? >> i believe what this conversations what are we need to engage in. when i was teaching at the city of new york, i held a conference on slavery's legacy and we tried to talk in conversation about these issues. talking about slaves in the families. one of the descendants who has been proven by dna to be a descendant of thomas jefferson was there. the issue came up and i would say that i as an academic welcome discussion on that. and i wel

we were -- uh, we were 40-year-old men having the time of our lives playing street hockey.lt -- and i made -- i actually said this, because we were winding down. our draft was at 2:00. we were playing hockey at around -- 12:30 and we were playing our last game and i said this. i gave a sppech like you would give in a sports movie. i said, "gentlemen, we're at the age now where this is likely the last time we will ever play street hockey so -- leave it all out on the pavement. don't -- you're -- the rest of your life, don't regret anything about this last game 'cause you'll have to live with it for the rest of your life." cut to 30 seconds later, a friend smashes me in the nose with his stick and i hit the ground and i'm immediately, immediately knew that my nose was broken and said so. my friends couldn't hear me, 'cause they were all laughing. [ laughter ] so much laughter. so much l -- so much, as much laughter as blood. [ laughter ] so, i ran inside and it was -- it was bad. my -- nose was going a completely different direction than -- [ audience ohs ] that's not the way

space recovery programs were prevented considerably by the pioneering -- were benefited considerablythe pioneering reentry technology developed for corona. the subcontractor was the general electric company. >> the model of the front end right here, you see how it comes first, getting us out of orbit. the bodies were connected. -- this device was connected agena and when it went into its downward attitude, we were able to eject it out of orbit. once we got into the return trajectory, the thrust: here was -- the thrust come was ejected. this allowed the parachute to come out of the parachute cover. the parachute was allowed to unfurl and it lifted the capsule out. this is the capsule. this portion with the heat shield happened after reentry. it was thrown away after it did its job. this was the capsule that we were after. >> the mission of the corona necessitated a low earth orbit to the north or south. however, the launch site must be one that prevented danger in highly populated areas. the lot -- the highly logical choice was the squadron already in place, the cook air force base re

all of them were crying, saying that they were not boko haram. two soldiers came either side and asked people to move away, and pop-pop-pop-pop-pop, they shot them all. >> williams: one of the terrified men called out to him. >> (translated): he told me, "this is the end of my life because these people will not spare me. they will kill me." he had seen the other dead bodies. he was alive, we were together, but in just a few seconds, somebody came and shot him. >> williams: militia members and people standing in the streets filmed the executions on their cellphones. the videos match the accounts of several eyewitnesses. bodies were left bleeding in the streets, with spent cartridges around them. some of the victims appear to be children. >> williams: no one knows the death toll for certain, but amnesty international estimates that more than 600 people died that day. and the killing didn't stop there. the military hunted other escaped prisoners down on the outskirts of town. i received two horrific videos that show what happened next: the bodies of

some of them were passengers that were still strapped in their seats and they were part of the debris pile, whh was away from the floor and the ceiling. >> as you were going through the crime scene and you moved something, you would expose the jet fuel to air and to a source and fires would develop. ♪ >> words simply cannot express the horror, the shock and the revulsion we all feel over what took place. >> this nation is peaceful. but fierce when stirred to anger. >> today the federal beau investigation released a list of 19 individuals who have been identified at hijackers aboard the four airliners that crashed on tuesday. >> we found the name of one of the suspects. he checked into this motel on august 26th. checked out september 9th. after he checked out the hoemgts manager wanted to go into the dumpster, what he unloaded. goes in there. finds a manual on how to fly a plane. >> and stop doing this. i want to get out. and they were not happy. the crowd is chanting, usa, usa! i asked the president if he wanted to make some remark, and he asked me, do you think it's appropriate? i sa

their funerals were held shortly after their bodies were returned to their families.thousands took to the streets to take part in those funeral processions. and situation here, of course, very intense indeed, at those killings calling on their leaders to end any kind of security cooperation with israel as a result of the killing of those two men. whatever the case, this has cast a shallow over those talks. at 1 point, the delegation says that the killing of these men could effect it very seriously, but what we understand is that israeli officials did go to cairo, that those indirect talks are on going. so it appear that neither side has any real interest in fighting in gaza to continue fighting which of course, claimed the lives of over 2,000 palestinians. and six israeli civilians. >> reporting for us, osama bin laden's son-in-law has been sentenced to life in prison. a jury convicted him in march, of conspiring to kill americans. he worked as a spokesman for al quaida, he is the heightest ranking al quaida official to be tried in the u.s. since the 9/11 attacks. sie

>> they were very significant, and on the third wave of the strikes, half of the aircraft that flew were from the arab nations, not the united states. there were significant contributions, and we are grateful for that participation. >>. continue? >> we certain hope so. i don't want to telegraph future operations, as you know. >> not so much whether the u.s. will attack on a daily basis or not. but do you expect the coalition to contribute that ken etic force that you talked about. >> we hope that that continues. we can't speak for other nations or what they'll contribute. we were grateful for the support continue. >> let's talk about the strikes on the khorasan group, the al qaeda affiliated group. do we have an assessment on whether we managed to disrupt the ability. >> we are assessing those strikes. we believe that we have disrupted the group's capabilities, we were in the final staples of planning for an attack, perhaps in europe and the homeland. we hit them pretty hard. we know that we have disrupted the capabilities. the degree to which we did that, we are trying to figure it out.

there were no journalists that died or were killed. it it was as if all hell broke loose.ere is still no warning made or statements made against the thate in palestine or gaza live in a place like an open-air prison. food, thet get the medication, the materials they need to survive. many buildings have been destroyed. how will hospitals be rebuilt? u.n. buildings have been hit. they have been destroyed. how will those buildings be rebuilt? we do not talk about israel and its policies. gazans died. how many israelis? missiles.amas fires how many people died as a result? how many buildings demolished? >> you said israelis have no conscience, no honor, no pride. those that condemn hitler day and night have surpassed hitler in barbarism. clearly, you didn't mean that. >> what i said had to do with the israeli government, not with the people or the jewish people. on this subject, the jewish people in turkey. look at our history. in our history, we have had a special relationship with the people. more so than other country. we opened our doors as a country to them. 500,000 jews

it is of thousands of chinese immigrants were detained there were forced into interrogations that were divine to design to entrap them. the purpose of this process was to find ways of these people turned away. the members understood where the same situation today. it took over 100 years of leadership and vision at community organizing for services go to turn away from its anti-immigrant processes. virtually going to be a century city are going to say that we support immigrants i can think of no greater test than today for us to truly speak from our values to say that we care for children and that we care about due process. this is not about acting from fear or hysteria or clutching tightly to resource. this is really about the value separate cisco values. >> thank you. i have a few more names. anna marie vincent. cynthia niÑos >> good afternoon. my name is mary beth hoffman. i am the chair of the northern california chapter the american immigration lawyers association. we are an association of 13,000 attorneys nationwide and about 1000 attorneys here in the bay area. to give a brief ba