west. but of course it did keep millions of east germans in as well. what's important to realize, is that the city of berlin, was completely isolated, within east germany, we had west berlin, which after the war, was set up with a political and economic system, that was democratic, capitalist, completely surrounded by communist east germany. it's oberlin became a symbol of a division between east and west, and between the democratic systems in the cold, war it was a hot spot for many many years during the cold war, of that tension between east and west. the berlin wall itself, was about 96 miles long. completely separating, us berlin from east berlin. but also completely surrounding west berlin, again cutting it off from the rest of east germany,. we have a couple of pieces of the actual berlin wall over here that i like to show we ship them over, i think about the graffiti and the color in the lines are on the walls. these are completely plane, that's because they're on the east side, where people are not allowed to graffiti on the wall. in fact that would've been encouraged some pretty severe penalties. one reason why did you not want people drawing

what they really wanted was to take over west berlin. then germany hadn't been divided into two states yet. we're talking 1947, 1948. you had the presence of american, british, french troops in west berlin. the soviets tried to starve out west berlin. they tried to cut the lines of communication. what the united states did was begin an air lift. we literally dropped food and other supplies. you can sefo tows of german children rushing and getting chewing gum and i think cigarettes we did, too, but also food. supplies for the west berliners. we broke the soviet blockade and that was a turning point because it meant we were a presence in west berlin until unification. >> you're talking with professor angela stent. russ is next out of spartanburg, south carolina. good morning. >> caller: great to be on cspan. this program is really awesome. i've stated -- i just wanted to make a comment about maybe the flavor of it. i'm from the upstate of south carolina. there's a lot of german manufacturing here, especially textiles, and of course bmw is up here, too

west germany. what happened was until almost the 1989, the news for the east germans was tightened more and more. in the 1950's and 1960's we could send clothing and packages to east germany for the people because they did not have very much. eventually we had to send new clothing. i sent american dollars when i came to this country in carbon paper to east germany so the woman could buy some groceries. i experience the hungarian revolution. i never thought that berlin or east germany would become free. i have a person in east germany that i called and he was very drunk because he never thought the wall would come down. i never thought it did. i cried and cried and cried. i had visited east germany in 1959 with we traveled to various cities. the people that housed us, that gave us meals, they were so thrilled, and i don't know how they afforded food in 1959. to feed us. but, they had menus and the best restaurants you could go to. for me, germany was united. i was born in east russia, but to me, germ

west. but of course it did keep millions of east germans in as well. what's important to realize is that the city of berlin was completely isolated within east germany. we had west berlin, which after the war was set up with a political and economic system that was democratic and capitalist, completely surrounded by communist east germany. and so berlin became a symbol of the division between east and west and between the communist and democratic systems in the cold war. and it was a hot spot for many, many years during the cold war of that tension between east and west. now the berlin wall itself was about 96 miles long, completely separating west berlin from east berlin, but also completely surrounding west berlin, and again cutting it off from the rest of east germany. we have a couple of pieces of the actual berlin wall over here that i'd like to show you. we have two authentic pieces of the berlin wall here. they were donated to the museum by observera hauvel county which was right outside of east berlin. and she shipped them over to washington, d.c. from germany, and we put them up here. now, most people when they think the berlin wall, they thi

germany to find out. the burly in wall was the most potent symbol of the division between east and west during the cold war. its demise towards the end of 1909 brought hope to millions not in the germany but throughout the world. to avoid inspired leaves a void that's here for us and not but 30 years on things haven't turned out quite as expected. fascism and racism have come back with a vengeance it seems that you know for a week at the tools were always there. people just didn't dare to express them the rise of germany's far right has been marked by hate crime and even politically motivated assassinations this is a big challenge for democracy because germany is a place where we thought that never could happen again. india as a matter for the world war 2 germany like the continent of europe was divided by the victors between puppet dictatorships under the communist yoke and western leaning democracies. berland soon became the epicenter of the cold war also divided between the free world and communism. a city of intrigue and espionage in the heart of east germany then as the german democratic republic or g

all involve death, and all involve the bader meinhoff group. >> the bader meinhoff faction in west germany trend of marxist vanguard groups. the red brigade in the japanese red army, the weathermen in the united states. these were people who felt that the capitalist structures were unjust and needed to be destroyed and the only effective way of doing that was through violence. >> the german police have been waging a relentless war against the terrorists, capturing some, killing some. but the leaders of the group have often had more influence from inside prison than outside. authorities claim this man, andreas butter, continued to mastermind terrorist operations from inside prison, passing instructions through his attorneys. >> one of the bader meinhoff gang said one of the most fantastic thing in the 1970s was not to be a rock star, button a revolutionary. >> unlike the i.r.a. or other groups, the red army faction kills selectively, prosecutors, bankers, leaders of the society they wish so fervently to destroy. >> they thought the more high profile the assassination or kidnapping, the more

be the key to climate neutral mobility for decades scientists at this research plant in south west germany have been seeking to unlock the potential of hydrogen for mercedes-benz. bigio c f cell germany's 1st mass produced hydrogen vehicle rev reporter joachim eggers went for a ride in it. you helped create this car didn't you. yes in the development of highly do any of the nuts or bolts have your name on them . now i know but the saw. where does. it tell us about the energy flow. in this view you can see the battery is at the back of the fuel cell system at the front if i step on the gas and most of the energy will come from the fuel cell you know. the field cell generates the energy directly inside the car and runs on hydrogen could this be a viable solution for the global goal of 0 emissions driving. mercedes research in this area goes back almost 30 years. in 1904 you don't build the neat car one delivery van the cargo area was taken up by the hydrogen fuel tank and generators. this is the drive train of the latest model together with the tanks containing the hydrogen. christian more d

everything from dying to cutting to sewing is done at its own factory in boyle adding in south west germanyit powers its production facilities from renewable resources to game markets its products through its 46 shops across the country as well as online. both gang sr takes great pride in the company's quality . that one that puts it made in germany. both can go up as confident that both of his children have the wherewithal to run the company after him casting their cards. there will be no casting to see who is better they mustn't sloth be up to assuming the responsibility of oxen zein the key thing is what parts they might follow. let's say for example my daughter were to marry and move away from that would disqualify her from running 3 game a game of out of. but if they both remain nearby there will be no way to avoid the difficult choice and talk to my daughters in charge of the e-commerce. she's done excellent work integrating this new element into our business. but she built up her department with a great deal of determination and. i'd say that's an important talent to have in this bus

memore real sides a lot of memorials sides of west germany were the product of the fight of peace. struggle of people fighting against the. sure of memory so we always have these. people trying to avoid confrontation we have the who tried to bring. the resistance to the jewish war but the struggle all over the years. gets stronger as part of it it's easier to spread these messages but on the other hand it was always here. that we are in a situation. of saying that it is constitutional for the german society that israel's there but jews getting afraid to live here in what kind of society are we living and this is what . acts. illustrating the extent to which members of the jewish community here in germany do feel ambivalent about the future . jewish communications designer valentino has been calling home for 8 years he actually feels pretty comfortable living in germany. it's a very diverse community just very pleasant here. this is because the jewish quarter again. but on october 9th this image is shattered. to the synagogue to mark the day of atonement a right wing terrorist attac

israel and palestine the plan would give israel control over key parts of the contentious west bank. germany's biggest lender deutsche bank has posted a loss of 5700000000 euros for 2019 it's the bank's system annual loss in a row and its 2nd worst ever result the bank says the loss was driven by the costs of a massive restructuring program. authorities in the us say they have discovered the longest ever drug smuggling tunnel at the border with mexico the tunnel ran for more than a kilometer and contained an alligator a rail track and the ventilation system it will now be filled with concrete as required by u.s. law. while in the u.s. the white house has told former u.s. national security adviser john bolton that he has to delete parts of his upcoming book before publication because there are top secret and could damage national security that comes after it emerged that bolton's new book could undermine president trump's defense in his impeachment trial. bolton was one of president trump's most important aides but in a highly volatile position the 4th a national security adviser in the adminis

have adopted at that myself better in germany then in hanoi simply because i thought i knew 100 west germany i accept but i don't know anything or gonna learn the language i'm going to learn the culture was had i went in as of yet that means it was totally me stabilized because it was not the same vietnam that i had in mind but i have discovered you know. so many stories that all of us there were no winners and we were all victims of a war for from one side or the other and that's why today i would never call the north of vietnam as the enemy land we were just victims you know of the same war standing on both sides of the fences but it's the same it's the same suffering it was the same sadness it was the same was nobody won in a war. i don't think so. millions died in that war which also drove one and a half 1000000 people to flee their home country 60000 vietnamese went to canada in the 1970 s. alone where they received a warm welcome. and when in 2015 the world was asked to grant asylum to syrians canada once again opened its doors prime minister justin trudeau even came to greet the 1st s

where i lived but also in west germany during the cold war and they don't see why the times today should be so much worse that we can no longer see russia remains a partner i'm going to merkel can expect a warm welcome in a wintery moscow helped in part by the fact that both russia and germany. find themselves on the same side of the argument in 2 major issues the russian president vladimir putin has also called for calm heads in the middle east and the government in moscow calls the sanctions that have been put in place on the north stream project illegal expect both chancellor merkel and president putin to be singing from the same song sheet when it comes to joint statements on these particular issues but they'll also be close attention paid later on today to what i'm going merkel has to say and how closely she aligns herself with the russian president and that's going to be paid attention to not just here in berlin but also in brussels in washington. belin. if i stay with r.t. updates in just over half an hour. this footage is unique because the zoe tribal lands are normally off limit

west germany wants to extradite him for crimes committed in wartime france.the as close as possible to the spot. a tide of humanity, it is believed by officials to have broken all records. this is bbc news, our main headline: president trump has revealed the team that will defend him in his senate impeachment trial. well let's stay with that story now. and we can speak live now to troy slaten who is a criminal defence trial lawyer and is in los angeles. within law circles, these are big names, aren't they, for donald trump. is this a victory already before the war has started, has he won a little battle in getting these quys won a little battle in getting these guys to defend him? it certainly is, this is a bit of a dream team. in full disclosure, judge ken starr was a professor of mine and later dean of my law school. so both alan dershowitz and ken starr are stars in the legal community and they have been very put down prolific on television in the last several months defending the president's position and speaking out against the impeachment proceedings. a

west germany wants to extradite him for crimes committed in wartime france.ssible to the spot. a tide of humanity, it is believed by officials to have broken all records. this is bbc news. the latest headlines: president trump has revealed the team that will defend him in his senate impeachment trial. so let's get more on the legal team that will be defending president trump in the impeachment inquiry. i've been speaking to troy slaten, a criminal defence lawyer based in los angeles. it certainly is, this is a bit of a dream team. in full disclosure, judge ken starr was a professor of mine and later dean of my law school, pepperdine university school of law. so both professor dershowitz and ken starr are stars in the legal community and they have been very prolific on television in the last several months defending the president's position and speaking out against the impeachment proceedings. are you saying from that that this is a trial about public perception, as much as anything else? we have obviously got an election coming up soon. it certainly is. this

west germany wants to extradite him for crimes committed in wartime france.bait as close as possible to the spot. tide of humanity, it is believed by officials to have broken all records. this is bbc news. the latest headlines: president trump has revealed the team that will defend him in his senate impeachment trial. iran's supreme leader has defended the military over the accidental shooting down of the ukrainian passenger plane. glasgow — which is hosting a major un climate change summit later this year — is aiming to go completely carbon neutral by 2030. it aims to achieve this by radically cutting emissions, and planting enough trees to absorb the carbon in any remaining fumes. 0ur science editor david shukman reports from glasgow, in the latest part of the bbc‘s our planet matters series. from a proud history as an industrial powerhouse, glasgow now wants a future that is carbon neutral. no easy task in a city that depends on fossilfuel. its motorways encourage commuters to use their cars. the council's first move is with its gritting lorries. they run

where i lived but also in west germany during the cold war and they don't see why the times today should be so much verse that we can no longer see russia remains a partner if not i'm going to merkel can expect a warm welcome in a wintery moscow helped in part by the fact that both russia and germany find themselves on the same side of the argument in 2 major issues the russian president vladimir putin has also called for calm heads in the middle east and the government in moscow calls the sanctions that have been put in place on the north stream project illegal expect both chancellor merkel and president putin to be singing from the same song sheet when it comes to joint statements on these particular issues but they'll also be close attention. haid later on today through what i'm bill americal has to say and how closely she aligns herself with the russian president and that's going to be paid attention to not just here in berlin but also in brussels and in washington peter all over r.t. berlin. but we return to our breaking news now iran has just admitted to unintentionally shooting do

department to find mengele it became one of the biggest international manhunt in history israel and west germany joined in and rewards of several $1000000.00 were offered. it was revealed with great fanfare that use of megaliths body had been found in a grave near south paolo brazil. a preliminary report stated that mengele had drowned 6 years earlier in 1979 while swimming off a nearby beach and that his skeleton had been authenticated quote within a reasonable scientific certainty and quote but the woman who helped initiate the hunt remains skeptical eva took to the airwaves. what is sure. to the reports that talk to my list that. i do not believe because in just that even make sense yes she took out a 2nd mortgage on her home to finance an $18000.00 inquest on magna in terre haute none of it made a ripple of the mandela findings were clearly labeled preliminary the public had moved on case closed. almost of my back of better low nobody of the story. maybe even 2 going to want to understand. but i couldn't give up. i can't give up on the terms. in 1907 eva moses core was at rock bottom she had

engaged in many of the internal trade offs necessary for it to work when france west germany belgium it's a lead luxembourg and the netherlands 1st united the coal and steel industries in 1951 the u.k. didn't join the new club it was the e.u. forerunner created to stop a war ravaged continent have a fighting itself again the british attitude was well this is the greater good but we don't really need things as we were in the war i think there was a sense here that we were we can after need that sort of crutch and that they actually we had the rest of the world we had the commonwealth we had the united states in addition to europe and as a leading colonial power with a global role we didn't want to tie ourselves to something as regional and small simply by the sixty's the european economic community as the 6 countries have become looks more alluring to british eyes it was economically successful compared to an increasingly uncompetitive u.k. but french president shoulder played hard to get twice rejecting london's proposal it wasn't until $973.00 that the u.k. and europe finally tied t

germany to find out. the berlin wall was the most potent symbol of the division between east and west during the cold war. its demise towards the end of 1909 brought hope to millions most in the germany but through and through world. survive in 500 leaves avoidant does help us and not but says he is own things haven't turned out quite as expected. fascism and racism have come back with a vengeance it seems that seen a full week at the tools are always there. people just didn't dare to express that the rise of germany's far right has been marked by hate crime and even politically motivated assassinations. is a big challenge for democracy because germany is a place where we thought that never could happen again. and yet a matter for old war to germany like the continent of europe was divided by the victors between puppet dictatorships under the communist yoke and western leaning democracies. berland soon became the epicenter of the cold war also divided between the free world and communism. a city of intrigue and espionage in the heart of east germany the known as the german democratic republic or g d r. 11

germany to find out. the berlin wall was the most potent symbol of the division between east and west stormed the cold war. its demise towards the end of 1909 brought hope to millions most in the in germany but through and through world. survive in 500 laban's avoidant does help us and not but 30 years own things haven't turned out quite as expected. fascism and racism have come back with a vengeance it seems that they know full make at the tools are always there. people just didn't dare to express that the rise of germany's far right has been marked by hate crime and even politically motivated assassinations this is a big challenge for democracy because germany is a place where we thought that never could happen again. yeah aftermath of world war 2 germany like the continent of europe was divided by the victors between puppet dictatorships under the communist yoke and western leaning democracies. berland soon became the epicenter of the cold war also divided between the free world and communism. a city of intrigue and espionage in the heart of east germany the known as the german democratic republic or g

minutes so they were barbarians but they were our allies you can vote in france and holland and west germanybecause of the allied sacrifice and in particular america sacrifice in europe in 1844 that they are fright fighting on the western front by december 44 over 70 percent of the killing and dying done by americans in europe so you enter the war after pearl harbor but then you finish the job in western europe but without there we would not have the protection liberties or democracy or civilization we enjoyed with great sacrifice and contribution from all allies by americans there would not be democracy in western europe they were about to go communist anyway. >> i agree with everything you said on the one hand the importance of the western alliance but don't forget the eastern alliance. i think we are starting to get a more sophisticated understanding of the politics of the second world war. the fact is in order to defeat hitler the united states and the united kingdom aligned themselves with a dictator who was evil and with as many people as hitler did i wrote a book called six months in

in west germany the accident brought together a mixture of anti new care activists pacifists feminists as well as protestant and catholic members of the peace movement the united their hopes and utopian ideas in a political pro environment movement. when we became aware of the accident in harrisburg pennsylvania it was just 2 weeks after the german green party had been founded so what happened during the european parliament election campaign you could say that the party's campaign was a political response to the events in harrisburg for book. it was 2 women who took on the task of creating the new green party in the background theologian to stop in the spotlight. a political scientist and activist with international experience. he had misplaced actually encouraged me and said if you have to found the green party with me i don't want to do it on my own women can't go it alone we have to learn to work in a team i'll be the top party candidate you will be next in line to the next as. we functioned in tandem we were 2 very different people i was much more rooted in the west german and he n

this field is on the teaching staff here at the university of applied sciences in emden in north west germany cilia some ascii has conducted research on the dilemma facing patients when they find out about what their genes might have in store for them. the primary focus for me was on the new way that individuals are expected to make decisions that friends are a bullet strictly speaking there is no right decision to make when all you're doing is choosing between different risks. it's basically a new form of gambling basing your decision on a lottery. the sociologist published her observations on genetic counseling and its social consequences in a book called the decision trap what impact does the information have on patients and can it be too much so america has also studied human genetics and analyze d.n.a. in the lab she says genes should not be equated with destiny. given we know when we're talking about risk genes a specific change at the d.n.a. level can be a trigger but not necessarily. it might lead to a change whether visible or clinical i think can but it also might not see far on a c

that was the case, but right before the stonewall riots, for canada, west germany, and wales. but i know there is a controversy that has been going on in canada recently about the formal federal government apology or the criminalization of lgbt people and the unfinished nature of those reforms that occurred in the late 1960's and early 1970's, but i understand that there have been action, even this month, removing from the canadian criminal code some of the other criminal statutes that have been used to target lgbt people. so it is important it was not just saw to me that was sodomy that was criminalized, lgbt were harassed and abused criminalized for disorderly conduct, lewd conduct, in canada, a body of house legislation and a variety of other criminal statutes. >> you are doing a great job. i know the trucks behind you sometimes can drown out the noise, but we appreciate it. we should point out you are at the park, now part of the national park service on christopher street, directly across from the stonewall inn. it is of course open to the public. our guest is marc stein,

there were loud complaints of we vulnerable coming from west germany and other countries in europe that felt that they were allied and what would happen if stalin turned to the west again and began aggression against the western countries? thefinally, there were charges of senator joseph mccarthy, who had five months -- for five months claiming the truman administration was soft on communism, they were harboring communists in the federal government, and they should be impeached for treason. behas contemporary rings, so it. actually were a couple of communists in the state department, but that is another story. anyway, that's what happened to the north korean invasion and why the united states with a key part of each of these countries having to recalibrate their strategies. robert: just to follow on from that. a quick follow on question, sam, before turning to the u.s. military buildup. there were miscalculations on both sides. you mentioned kim miscalculated that united states was not going to enter into the war. given that the u.s. had previously not designated south korea as part of