threatened with destruction tens of thousands of moran reveals how western africa. thanks to merchant contacts between arab areas and african elites muslim culture gradually spread among inhabited and habitants of the sahara region south of the sahara to the point where. and they can benefit from the slum the compiler. which is access to that big market that was controlled by the islamic empire. in the islamic community 6. inversion of people in the sun hell region because of humanity. they don't really see them as humans they consider them to be cannibals. if this is the thought their lawyer logically that they love the thought of the. dog you know for some of these descriptions show that reducing them to slavery was not really a problem from a theological or moral point of view one of more than food mantle and this column here. and you can use the difference in skin complection difference in religion. in the transfer heroin trade both both were combined. the history of timbuktu is intertwined with that a slave that is slavery. according to legend the city took its

this 11th century qur'an reveals how islam spread throughout western africa. thanks to merchant contacts between arab areas and african elites muslim culture gradually spread among inhabitants of this hell region south of the sahara to the point where syngenta cater declared islam to be the official religion of the mali empire. they're now part of the slimy slimy nation and they can benefit from the slime a compiler which is access to that big market that was controlled by islamic empire and so best business connection benefited both the millions as well as the people in the islamic community at large. the conversion of people in the silent region prompted merchants and chieftains to seize slaves even further away. the slave trade expanded south of the mali empire to animist populations to the arab geographer. relegated to the fringes of humanity . almost all arab writers and korean you see and the others because. it's often sometimes. they don't really see them as humans they consider them to be cannibals outside of the civilized world. of the lowest black ma

gone after small time players whether it was in kenya or burundi are in western africa never before that they're going after it george bush. or arnold trump the u.s. 'd is not a signatory to the i.c.c. east so there's no reason to think. my next question is if they're not a signatory to anyway could american troops have report to book or even if they are accused of atrocities was not made of the most significant so what can physically practically happen. well it's a national law in the united nations have always been a plaything in the hands of imperialism in the hands of the u.s. and junior partners so although there's the big headline. no precedent where the true war criminals whether it was for what the u.s. did in nicaragua in the 1980 s. or in el salvador or whether it's with what they did in iraq and later on in afghanistan more than a 100000 troops at its peak station in afghanistan still 13000 u.s. troops remain in afghanistan we've never seen any of these war criminals punished. why. well why because. the u.s. is the strongest economic political military power in the world 'd as

government minister in liberia said during the ebola outbreak in 201a, that killed 11,000 people in western africaok to the past for the west to help that they are battling the same thing so it is not clear any help is coming at all. so how confident can you be at that the global spread that you're so worried about, is going to get the assistance it needs? is a matter of self-interest. talking about a pandemic. first of all, our main objective with the appeal is to avoid the humanitarian support that we are already receiving for all other aspects, water and sanitation, food, protection, shelter, all of those vulnerable situations in the world, from syria to yemen, south sedona, to the review receipt. we want to make sure we have additional support for covid—19 and if the money doesn't come from the humanitarian action were already having. what is your question, this is a matter of enlightened self interest. if this pandemic is controlled in the developed world but left to spread like wildfire in the developing countries, we would have millions of cases, millions of people dying but not only that,

health care commission core i am incredibly proud of, whether it is going into eastern congo or western africa to fight ebola, or kirkland. or helping to facilitate community-based testing, these are america's public health heroes. i doubt there has ever been a had then the leader has privilege of standing on the stage behind the vice president and the president of the united states. i want to commend that. in terms of our capacity is in our health care system, any pandemic like this runs the risk of exceeding our health care tystem to pacitti and we mus acknowledge that. that is precisely why the president and vice president of austria strategy -- vice president's strategy is to delay the curve. instead of a spike of the curve, to delay and flatten that curve with the hope you can keep the belization of resources to within the health care system capacity. in addition to that, the entire point of our pandemic planning has been to put extra flex into our health care system. that is why we have hospital preparedness grants. that is why we have our ,trategic national stockpile ventilators, field

health care commission core i am incredibly proud of, whether it is going into eastern congo or western africa to fight ebola, or kirkland. or helping to facilitate community-based testing, these are america's public health heroes. i doubt there has ever been a had then the leader has privilege of standing on the stage behind the vice president and the president of the united states. i want to commend that. in terms of our capacity is in our health care system, any pandemic like this runs the risk of exceeding our health care tystem to pacitti and we mus acknowledge that. that is precisely why the president and vice president of austria strategy -- vice president's strategy is to delay the curve. instead of a spike of the curve, to delay and flatten that curve with the hope you can keep the belization of resources to within the health care system capacity. in addition to that, the entire point of our pandemic planning has been to put extra flex into our health care system. that is why we have hospital preparedness grants. that is why we have our ,trategic national stockpile ventilators, field

any one of our neighbours in the rest of southern africa, and indeed in central and eastern and western africa contain. in the meantime, what to do about the daily crush? these buses the only option for most commuters across africa. will this make you change and not go on the bus any more? if i had any alternative transport, i would. and so, a worried continent braces itself, resolute but exposed. andrew harding, bbc news, johannesburg. well social distancing, self—isolation and working from home is focing all of us to think very differently about how we lead our lives. thankfully the internet is allowing people to stay very much connected. and it's also bringing more and more people together — in the form of online choirs like the sofa singers. last night was the first rehearsal for the 500 virtual choristers. our arts correspondent, david sillito logged on to listen in. ok, everyone, great to see you alljoining us, hello there... meet the sofa singers, an online musical solution to corona isolation. they sing "stand by me". across the uk, europe, america and africa, a new global chorus. and

whether it is going into the eastern congo or western africa to fight ebola, or if it is staffing the nursing home in kirkland, being on the world health organization team in china, or helping to facilitate community-based testing, these are america's public health heroes. and i just -- they rarely -- in fact i doubt there has ever been a time in american history where the leadership of the corps has had the privilege of standing on this stage behind the president and the vice president of the united states. in terms of our capacity in the health care system any pandemic like this runs the risk of exceeding the limits of our health care system and capacity. we must acknowledge that. that is precisely why the president and vice president's strategy is as dr. fauci has repeatedly spoke, to delay and flatten the curve. the point of this is instead of a spike of the curve, to delay and flatten that curve with the hope that you can keep the utilization of resources to be within the health care system's capacit capacity. in addition to that, the entire point of our pandemic planning over th

as there are more people coming into this field who had studied, say, western africa and its culturals, places that prior to the 1970's scholars thought were trash heaps. well, they looked at the architecture dig. wait, that is the same pattern of so-called trash that you would see in a western african village. that is where the healer lives. broken vials or different collections of bones or shells. what scholars began to realize is that the evidence of the black experience was all around them but they were not trained in how to see it. so, that is just an example. in that story of williamsburg has changed remarkably since then, but this is one of the historians who rely on paper really face. in my case, and overabundance of paper. what do i stop listening to? the paper trails end, and then you have to go to a different place to pull it down. that is, to me, the fun part. >> other questions or comments? dr. holloway: there is someone over here. >> i'm susan irving. i was a student of john's and did all my work on a man called oswald garrison villard. i don't know if you are familiar w

whether it's going into the eastern congo or western africa to fight ebola, or if it's staffing the nursing home in kirkland, being on the world health organization team in china, or helping to facilitate community-based testing, these are america's public health heroes, and i just -- they rarely -- in fact, i doubt that there has ever been a time in american history where the leadership of the public health service commission corps has had the privilege of standing here on this stage behind the president and vice president of the united states. i wanted to commend that. in terms of our capacities in our health care system, any pandemic like this runs the risk of exceeding our health care system capacity. and we must acknowledge that. that is precisely why the president and vice president's strategy is, as dr. fauci has repeatedly spoke, to delay and flatten the curve. the point of this is, instead of a spike of the curve, to delay and flatten that curve with the hope that you can keep the utilization of resources to be within the health care system's capacities. in addition to that, the en

of our neighbours in the rest of southern africa tour, and indeed in central and eastern and western africalf, resolute but exposed. andrew harding, bbc news, janice burke. breaking news from bangladesh. health officials are reporting their first death from coronavirus, the first death from coronavirus, the first death from coronavirus in bangladesh according to health officials. in the uk, the chancellor announced a rescue package including guaranteed loans of £330 billion to support companies, a three—month mortgage payment holiday for homeowners — but nothing for home—renters or the self—emplopyed and freelancers. let‘s get some reaction to these measures. richard lane is from the debt advice charity step change. michelle 0vens is here too, director of small business britain. speaking to us from their homes are andy chamberlain from the association of independent professionals and the self—employed. graham dakin, a stage hand and technician jennifer nicholls, who runs a small coffee shop in bristol, and joining us on the line is farai muzavazi a freelance events writer who is in isolatio

whether it's going into the eastern congo or western africa to fight ebola or if it is staffing the nursinge in kirkland, being on the world health organization team in china, or helping to facilitate community-based testing, these are america's public health heroes, and i just want -- they rarely -- in fact, i doubt there's ever been a time in american history where the leadership of the public health service commission corps has had the privilege of standing here on this stage behind the president and vice president of the united states. i wanted to commend that. in terms of our capacities in our healthcare system, any pandemic like this runs the risk of exceeding our healthcare system capacity. and we must acknowledge that. that is precisely why the president and vice president's strategy is as dr. fauci has repeatedly spoke, to delay and flatten the curve. the point of this is instead of a spike of the curve, to delay and flatten that curve with the hope that you can keep the utilization of resources to be within the healthcare system's capacities. in addition to that, the entire point

recovery in temperatures across this region so we head in through to saturday may want to cross western parts of africa we've got some showers around the gulf of guinea extending towards freetown there in sierra leone may want to cross southern portions of africa we've got to find conditions across namibia for cape town let's see some sunshine and highs of 25. franc assessments the one good thing about these bushfires is it's really working out the politics of climate change informed opinions economy i think is actually what's keeping donald trump afloat right now critical debate sequel almost to school to even know what the law is all about this argument is astonishingly patronize an in-depth analysis of the day's headlines this is the beginning of a new iraq of a new conscious and aware use of that struggle against an ethnic sectarian kotor inside story on al-jazeera. you're watching are just there a reminder of our top stories this hour global stock markets plunged further due to the coronavirus pandemic major asian indices fell by around 8 percent within minutes of opening turkey its nikkei index h

andrew harding has this report from south africa's western cape. sion. on the lookout for roxanne to whales, and great white sharks. this is the bait for the lobster. metal has been facing basic waters for decades. but out of the blue, disaster struck as sudden as an atlantic storm. their precious cats has lanced —— lost half of its volume. because of a virus a world away. a good one, but almost no one is buying. we can't sell the lobster we can't share it. what does that mean for you and your family? and struggling to pay my rent. to pay power, putting food on the table for the children. analogous because of the children. analogous because of the virus in china. all of this. in the virus in china. all of this. in the nearby harm or a handful of bigger boats, and load their catch. but it is hardly worth the effort. 90% of all south african lobsters are normally, had flown straight to china. overnight at boston market has shut down. leaving millions of lobsters stranded, and flights to beijing or hong kong postponed indefinitely. and whole and best —

recovery in temperatures across this region so we head in through to suffer day we want to cross western parts of africa we've got some showers around the gulf of guinea extending towards freetown in sierra leone bay monaco southern portions of africa we've got to find conditions across namibia for cape town let's see some sunshine and highs of 25. from. a nation where corruption is endemic now embroiled in a battle to hold the power to account. how has this radical transformation occur. i mean nobody i mean if you want to know shedding light on the romanians pressing for change on the unconventional methods to eliminate corruption remain people. on culture 0. when the news breaks the word for was dealt with the ins of getting more police on the presentation and economic development when people who need to be heard the top leadership world where of the potential for parity of the bar of weeks before the public we're told about going to al-jazeera has teams on the ground the syrian army says determined to defeat the rebels and continues advanced was this is a good bit to bring you move towards winning do

and a severe shortage is forcing many zimbabweans to use untreated water southern africa faces its western drought decades. now we begin in saudi arabia where security forces have reportedly detained 2 senior members of the royal family they are off form a crown prince mohammed bin nayef and prince ahmed been otherwise a south south that's the younger brother of the saudi king according to the wall street journal they've been arrested over accusations of processing against king solomon and crown prince mohammed bin sama reports suggest they're facing treason charges and could face life imprisonment or the death penalty both could have rivaled crown prince mohammed bin for the throne when dies saudi guards have also arrested one of mohammed bin nayef brothers al-jazeera senior correspondent alex planes just what these detentions mean for the kingdom and their impact on saudi politics. in terms of his significance it's huge because we're talking about true of the most senior members of the saudi royal family and true that up until now have not been seen as supporters of crown prince may have

group and zimbabwean families take desperate measures as south africa faces its western drought in decades. ahead of the blustery conditions pushing in across western areas of europe as you can see in a subtle way the cloud so island and sunny west as a scotland really under the gun for the next couple of days elsewhere it we've got areas of kassam basin pieces rain and some snow flurries in fact look at this this is the boss region. plenty of snow flurries that they will continue through saturday as well some showers and slightly some snow to the mountains but really the strongest winds with the heaviest rain pushing cross tools and certainly the northern areas u.k. up into scotland we have some warnings in place from the u.k. met office for that very heavy rain and the other area really is across in the balkans is with its way slowly eastwards taking a very heavy amounts of rain with it but look at the temperatures really fairly mild generally but look at this temperature moscow 13 celsius on saturday down to 9 on sunday these touches of the mild all winter long so much so it has not bee

the massive financial impact of the collapsing confidence and the implosion of the western economies which deprived africand countries across asia of export markets and tourism revenue and this triple impact of the health care crisis itself, the financial pullback and the trade implosion is potentially devastating for many emerging market and low-income countries. >> linda, you've had a chance to look at how some of the countries that have had instances of coronavirus have dealt with it. we focused on some countries in asia, iran, italy. spain is getting hit hard right now. there are other countries where the reaction has been delayed, the instances of this infection have been delayed but are becoming serious like the united kingdom. germany seems to have handled this better than a number of other countries. is this directly related to how strong the health care system is or is it something else? >> it's certainly related to the strength of the health care system. i think it's related to essentially the kind of social safety net a country has. you mentioned germany. they have a history of short term work.

they were doing for a period of time with satellite communicationcommunications ando africa because they thought western intelligence agencies might be looking so it is a constant game of trying to hide your hand to give more freedom of operation. >> another thing that i found fascinating is not only is this an example of the offensive role and it paid off in the end. if you would indulge me for a second they were sloppy at times demonstrating the lack of discipline and operational security and they sometimes even walled in on their personal e-mail accounts and check their stock portfolios and watched pornography. >> there are two reasons why someone would be sloppy in this business. the first is everyone has a boss and a budget. they want them to hit more targethave moretargets faster ae going to take shortcuts. the second is they get bored and lazy and the odds are exceptionally low. that shows the human side of the business. the chinese were also checking facebook. >> you also focus quite a bit on the shadow brokers. tell us a little bit about that and what you've learned. >> the shadow brokers are p

we've understood from the department of health here in south africa that those 2 deaths happened in the western cape province one in a public facility and the other in a private hospital and i think for many south africans the it really hits home that on africa see these 1st 2 deaths on day one of this lockdown because we are still seeing people going out of their homes despite the government telling them to stay at home despite the government giving them a few days ahead of the lockdown to do what was necessary in terms of the shopping and and preparing for the lockdown the scene long queues in some areas in johannesburg where people are trying to get groceries we also understand that they are. stores that sell alcohol also still open despite the government saying that this would be bad and entirely i think the concern for the government at this point is people it hearing to these regulations just as it announced that so left because now see that 1st 2 deaths and also just 6 days ago there were $150.00 cases now we're looking at more than a 1000 * south africa only has about $7000.00 critical

the police in south africa have been struggling to enforce a $21.00 day nationwide lockdown which came into force at midnight local time one person has died in the western cape province the country's 1st current virus fatality under south africa's new restrictions people are only allowed out of their homes to buy groceries or for health emergencies but large crowds of continued to form in korea taiwan ships where measures such as social distancing are almost impossible because of the cramped living conditions are coal sales have also been banned but some shops have to fight the booze and stayed open. doctors in zimbabwe have gone on strike over a lack of protective equipment joining thousands of nurses who walked off the job rather this week union say most doctors and public hospitals are staying home but will return to work as soon as their safety is guaranteed customs officials at the country's biggest airports have also stopped turning up for work fearing exposure to the virus zimbabwe has 3 confirmed coronavirus cases so far with one death the president says from monday the country will be put under a total lockdown for 3 weeks on the democratic rep

period of time or they would hack satellite phone coming occasions and beam it down to africa because they thought western intelligence might not be looking and western intelligence agents were looking so it's this constant game of trying to hide your hand so you get more freedom of operations. >> no blamed this is an example of nsa taking a very offensive role and it paid off in the end. it was essential for them but i was surprised by the characterization of the pla and if you would indulge me for just a second it's a short mention but it describes the pla's actions specifically because the chinese hackers were demonstrating a lack of discipline and operational security and they sometimes even logged in on their personal e-mail accounts to check stock portfolios and watch pornography. >> all true. there's two reasons why some one would be sloppiness business. the first is everyone has a budget and you can imagine the chinese hackers have a boss who wants him to hit more targets faster and they are going to be sloppy and take shortcuts and the second is they get or do they get lazy. they decide hey the c

you know i think very across the western world and the rest of the world ration africa everybody is separate from this time to review those not infected airline industry cruise industry travel businesses give a workout we're all having to make a sacrifice and what i'm saying is i think the pharmaceutical industry doesn't have to lose money but they have to make a bit of a sacrifice as well they have to share this epidemic by now developing antivirals that will adapt and treat those before they have a virus or have a vaccine one to have the vaccine let them make a profit but let them have a smaller profit is possible this isn't the pandemic on which to make a ton of money and i hope that they follow that and serve the public good of us andrzej. so companies are sparking a lot of capitalism for the public good and here's an opportunity to show that in practice that they can actually used making as the firm in the financial markets to actually do public good and just withdraw value for themselves the shareholders and there's the ridiculous all right well thank you very much raney appreciate the

police in south africa have been struggling to enforce a 21 day nationwide locked am which came into force at midnight local time one person has died in the western cape province the country's 1st under south africa's nearest strictures people are only allowed out of their homes to buy groceries or for health emergencies but large crowds have continued to form in her attention where measures such as social distancing are almost impossible because of the current living conditions alcohol sales have also been banned but some shops have defied the rules and stayed open. well doctors in zimbabwe have gone on strike over a lack of protective equipment joining thousands of nurses who walked off the job earlier this week unions say most doctors in public hospitals are staying at home but will return to where the soonest their safety is guarantees a customs officials at the country's biggest airports have also stopped turning up for work fearing exposure to the virus zimbabwe has 3 confirmed coronavirus cases so far with one death the president says from monday the country will be put under total lockdown for 3 weeks. healthcare workers in sudan are scra

towards the society's hasa still on the western side around the red sea the wind isn't much of a feature here but it is further west there has been north africa for a few weeks now but this time we're back to the western med so it's that northerly bringing clouds and cheri rain probably thunderstorms to our gerri tunisia and libya it will do that through tuesday and then push the showers further into the desert of libya during wednesday keeping the temperatures about the same now that wind has been a feature throughout the last few months is weakening now but temperatures are on the high side 4141. full of struggles full of pleasure and at the moment i mean on there by their health out at the same female you mean things you may go and make a blank me funny and it was all me how many times an intimate look at life in cuba if you are over in the underworld again as a present movie again and the so fast i would have the money in my cuba. on al-jazeera. welcome back you're watching al-jazeera. our top stories u.s. stocks of close in the opening minutes of trading in new york as concern over the spread of coronavirus starts to have a major global

she didn't resign though as premier for the western cape, when you said that to her. she said, for example, that south africa's a positive contribution, which you objected to. i objected strongly, and, actually, insisted that she didn't serve in the council in the federal executive, and she agreed to that, if you will understand it. but she didn't resign as premier of western cape. i didn't ask her to resign from that, i asked her to resign from all the structures of the da, that is the federal executive and the federal council. when she then got elected, it then became very clear that, of course, both of us in that context could not pursue the same vision, because i was pursuing a vision that is particularly different to hers. so i'm very comfortable, i think that that statement suggests... but that's the point i'm making, that she is now, an analyst, he says, the return of helen into one of the party's top three leadership posts was essentially confirmation that mmusi maimane‘s own colleagues within the federal council had lost faith in his leadership. completely wrong. she's in a position of power, you are

emancipation of former slaves concentrated along the coast of africa justified sending in their armies the belgians then the french settled on the western coast the british followed in nigeria and on the eastern coast all in the name of progress and the good of humanity. about the fight against the slave trade in zanzibar led to control than occupation as although initially there was no intent to colonize this fight against the slave trade almost inevitably led to colonial occupation. wherever britain intervened it applied pressure to put an end to the selling of slaves. in $873.00 it negotiated the abolition of the slave trade with the sultan of zanzibar. this is in some ways ironic that the british mean to abolish slavery and slave trade but by doing it it really forced people to say if we plan to export slaves we will use the slaves within to produce things that we can export. spurred on by these grand moral principles a number of europeans went off in search of adventure ready to invest in the raw materials that their continent needed the missionary dr david livingstone became the figurehead for abolitionist explorers the people who

africa the troops were. told a growing extremist threat in the region the security situation there is western thing by the day with jihad is the staging more attacks and killing increasing numbers of civilians but. also growing over the possibility that the u.s. may be about to. numbers in the read. and i'm joined now by our correspondent fred mooney he's just come back from mauritania one of the 2 countries where the drill is taking place a very widespread time you for having me always a pleasure so so tell us more about this counterterrorism exercise and how different really is it from previous ones i mean when it comes to training. all these military shootings it's not different but what was did this time around is a tree to focus on activities that touch the lives of ordinary people like in mauritania and this is that they had to treat most cutters and cover most for ordinary citizens that actually they are targeting the military part but also they're carrying. these people that there was something different compared to the last ones and why is it important then gets closer to the locals and i mean it's i

africa is here and ready for business. that is the message loud and clear being sent by netflix with the show. the actress who heads the show is quite familiar to westernes. she had a role in the abc drama "quantico." she is reinvented with the show -- reunited with the show runner for a new production. she is a south african spy investigating the mysterious death of her militant mother and trying to get the country at the same time. the show takes us across africa blending dialects, culture, and communities. >> let's look a at the lady herself. or is a preveview of "queen son" >> i want to know everything about that woman. champagne? [glasses tinkle] >> find out who she is an who she is working for! >> she gets things done. >> are you ok? [chanting] >> i need you to write me another letter saying i am not crazy. >> i've got to admit, i fell in love with "queen sono," the characters of, but also the supporting cast, the high octane stones, the storylines. the first original series from the african continent. i found it at times a bit cheesysy, a bit convoluted. maybe too many meandering plot lines. maybe that is just me. i did love the diversity of afr

we've understood from the department of health here in south africa that those 2 deaths happened in the western cape province one in a public facility and the other in a private hospital and i think for many south africans the it really hits home that on africa has seen these 1st 2 deaths on day one of the slap down because we are still seeing people going out of their homes despite the government telling them to stay at home despite the government giving them a few days a unit of up down to do what was necessary in terms of the shopping and and preparing people there laughed out he seen long queues in some areas in johannesburg where people are trying to get groceries we will we also understand that they are. stores that sell alcohol also still open despite the government saying of this would be bad and entirely i think the concern for the government at this point is people it hearing to these regulations just as it announced that the leverage as now seen its 1st 2 deaths and also just 6 days ago there were 150 cases now we're looking at more than a 1000 was not africa only has about 7000 crit

africa. social-d democratic parties held majorities and much of western europe, even with all of its problem,elcome back to fox nation presents, the unauthorized history of socialism. in the mid-1800, karl marx declared worldwide socialism and evitable. a century later a lot of experts thought he was right. an american president strongly disagreed and it was ronald reagan's words that proof. >> what i'mve describing is a pn for the long-term. the march of freedom and democracy which will lead to marxism on the heap of history as its left other nations which we have the self-expression of the people. he was the first domino to fall. solidarity, the independent trade unit have managed to survive underground to the 1980s. i'm surprised the polish communist gave into the demands of parma and terry election. >> there were free elections held but there was a trick that there were certain seats that were supposed to be guaranteed for the government which opposition was not allowed to run against and it may be the only time in history the candidates ran unopposed and still lost. >> voters crossed the

around te relationship.n this exhibition asks whether africa is that liberated by colonialism only to be taken over by another global power. >> westernry has perhaps pushed to one side or ignored this narrative for a certain amount of time. the reception of an artwork when it leaves its home culture does change to a certain extent. i know you have work in the smithsonian museum in washington. how do you describe the response to your art in france or in the u.s. once it left its home and it was being shown abroad? >> i could be wrong, but my impression was when my work came to france it was more a case of black venous. "-- black venus. america, i seememed to touch the african-american community because i was actualay showing the intimate lives of a black person, which was not really happening in america. for them it had an effective connection but in a way to mystify black lives because there you are in your home doing just what everybody else does in their home. >> your studio is based in johannesburg. you grow up in botswana and your family hails from malawi and south africa. do you feel you had f from -- a pan-african experience? m

africa. social-democratic parties held majorities in much of western europe.still empowered. ♪ bret: welcome back to fox nation presents "the unauthorized history of socialism". in the mid- 1800s karl marx declared ward wide socialism inevitable, a century later a lot of experts thought he was right. an american president strongly disagreed and it was ronald reagan's words that proved prophetic. >> what i am discovering out the plan in the hope for the long-term, the march of freedom and democracy which will lead marxism, leninism on the edge as sheep of history as it has left other tyrannies which stifled the freedom and muzzle the self-expression of the people. bret: poland was the first domino to fall. solidarity an independent trade union had managed to survive underground through the 1980s. faced with rising discontent the polish communists finally gave in to demands for parliament early elections back there were free elections held that there was a trick which was there were certain seeds that were supposed to be guaranteed for the government which the o

, as bad as things are in the united kingdom and the rest of western europe, think about how bad things are going to be in sub—saharan africas. this is really going to turn i think, the situation is not going to get better any time soon, at least not globally and i think unfortunately things are going to get much, much worse before they get better. here, councils and care providers have warned that supplies of personal protective equipment for social care staff are not reaching the front line. our home editor, mark easton, reports. there are our masks that we are desperate for and are hoping for a supply very soon. as i say, our mask order has been delayed. they're down to one or two days of protective masks at this extra care home in northampton. just been outside. there we go... supplies of hand gel are running low, too. desperate staff fear they won't be able to protect vulnerable residents from a virus that might well kill them. the mask that we are using, we're not sure how to prioritise who has a mask first or which service user we go to that has a mask. so we're managing at the moment but we don't know where our next