and across western europe and i would like to see us all standing together to tackle that very realather than this focus on the labour party and the criticism, unjustified criticism of jeremy corbyn, a man who spent his entire life, the fact he is defined by his opposition to fight against racism in all its forms. given what you said aboutjeremy corbyn, it has been a testing time over the summer for him and his leadership, he has coming for criticism from some aspects of the party. we had a meeting scheduled for half an hour of becoming the three are meeting today. how damaging has it been for the leadership of this labour party? not damaging at all, i have been touring the country this summer, on a democracy road show, looking at how we can extend democracy to the country and the economy and these meetings have been well attended, several hundred at some of them. i must‘ve spoken to several thousand members across the uk from the borders of scotland by darren almost two lands end and into wales as well and there's a sense of purpose and and there's a sense of purpose and and determ

there's a line of demarcation between eastern and western europe that run somewhere through germany. i can't tell you where exactly that line is. missing but i think we need to think about the fact that parts of germany's east culturally historically and politically more like poland and hungary or other eastern states. people are more generous they have their own sense of cultural identity and they didn't experience the waves of liberalism pluralism and the americanization that swept across western europe and they could guns and in meissen almost a third voted for the anti migration a.f.d. party in the last general elections yet it has one of the lowest proportions of foreigners in germany and meissen has its own mark of same left by an arson attack on a migrant shelter three years ago as we talk outside we spot a former far right n.p.t. party leader who lives across the road. admits he met the arsonist the night before the attack by the debate is never about whether they can come but the city council had promised that he would talk to all of us living here before anything happens an

the lack of economic endeavor across western europe all exacerbated the situation. as the various allied occupation armies endeavored to govern, to root out all vestiges of nazi nazi-fy and supply vast numbers of german civilians and german demobilized troops with foods and supplies. -- and supplies come of the strain on the economy was becoming apparent -- and on thes, the strain economy was becoming apparent. in the united states, initial concerns about the end of substantial government spending with the end of the war was seen to be somewhat unfounded. sp's lead to an excimer spending boom. the postwar period across some countries in europe had a spell of economic activity and to 1945. soon in 1946 and 1947, exacerbated by the disaster -- disastrous cold winter, economic production ground to a halt even further. in germany, the situation was even worse. and the inhabitants relied almost totally on the allies to feed them and to clothe them. the treatment of germany was the catalyst for the split in the western allies and the soviet union. initially, u.s. and alli

. >>> by the summer of 1940, germany had conquered most of western europe and hitler and his generals were planning to invade england. next, a look at the battle of britain. the fourth film of the why we fight series which details the summer and fall of 1940. ♪ ♪ ♪ >> the shadow of the conquering german armies covered western europe. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> no, adolf hitler stood, just as napoleon had stood more than 100 years before and looked across the english channel to the one fighting obstacle that stood between himself and world domination. the cliffs of britain rose, chalky white, out of the choppy waters. and beyond, a little island, smaller than the state of wyoming. crush that little island and its stubborn people and the way was open for world conquest. the fall of austria, czechoslovakia, poland, denmark, norway, holland, belgium, and france had given him more than 100 million slaves to work for him or starve. the preliminaries were over. it was time for the main event. the battle of britain. ♪ hitler and his generals feverishly drafted their plans for the conquest of britain. every

." >> by the summer of 1940, nazi germany had conquered most of western europe, and hitler was making plans to invade england. next on "reel america," from 1943, "the battle of britain," the why we fight series. it is a 53-minute u.s. war department film which was shown to war department members and in theaters. it details august and the end of december 1940. hollywood director frank capra, a team of veterans, and army signal corps technicians show how the british defeated hitler's air force at a cost of more than 40,000 civilians and vast destruction on the ground. >> after conquering much of western europe, but self-styled the self-styled the master race was riding high. ♪ now, adolf hitler stood, just as napoleon had stood more than 100 years before, and look across the english channel to the one obstacle that stood between him and world domination. the shorsharp cliffs of britain rose, sheer and white in the choppy waters. beyond, a little island, smaller than the state of wyoming. that island seemed open for world conquest. the fall of austria, czechoslovakia, poland, denmark, no

well the price of liberty is eternal vigilance and so that's what we see we see even in western europeand the rule of law is not always perfect so this is a permanent process and i think the best that the european union as an institution can do is not financially prop up countries that are in danger the rule of law but then don't engage in double standards be fair for everyone that. doesn't the respect the rule of law and eventually ultimately at the end of the day this is the job of the hungarian and polish civil society this is the job of international n.g.o.s to raise awareness i don't think it's a healthy situation were other governments other often ask il t. about some of the since alleged take drastic action well thirteen an interesting point the european people's party will meet soon to decide on the fate of. viktor orban and whether he stays within that party or not but that will be the conversation for another show because we have rick reese the end of this one third fanks to all our guests be terry clap a martin michelle ski and betty suppose elect call and thank you do you f

the abuse took place during attempts to pass into croatia bosnia has emerged as a new route to western europe since the e.u. tightened its borders courageous interior minister denies allegations of police brutality now of all the countries hit by the two thousand and eight financial crisis germany has managed its economy better than most but critics accuse it of being too strong pushing policies that wrecked other european economies lawrence lead the polls. in the corridors of power in berlin there are reasons to be cheerful ten years ago the german economy was so well insulated that the big crash was never going to cause a crisis so much has changed in other european countries but not here in the first six months of this year alone the german economy around a budget surplus of over fifty billion dollars that's almost three percent of germany's gross domestic product or annual wealth it's the kind of figure that makes other countries either extremely jealous or absolutely furious it was the german government that demanded after the bank started to fall that the european commission impose new

the abuse took place during attempts to pass into croatia bosnia has emerged as a new route to western europe since the e.u. tightened its botha's croatia's interior ministry denying allegations of police brutality. greece's largest refugee camp is facing closure at the end of the month public health officials described conditions on last bus as unsafe and have set a deadline to clean it up john psaropoulos met some of those living that. this is a bus room in morea camp there's a laboratory for every seventy two people and the water doesn't always run the streets between the tents and housing units smell of fetid waste water this iranian woman shares a tent with an afghan family and gives the children lessons in first since there is no education for some three thousand children in the camp the government provides one doctor for moreas nine thousand residents but doctors without borders have set up a surgery outside the camp for women and children the government could move sick and vulnerable populations off the island but this year hasn't done so we had a must of them. the netiquette that tha

the ideal for liberalism and globalization and political elites just rule united states their western europe and that is such that a coward. conversing putin is viewed as a blessed. is simple he reflects their russian society and the russian people in my life but you get all that you lose your fitness and in your opinion you can't be the. crucial point is he belongs to the globalist elite. in that sense she is exception. because she is not bought all the various. setten and it is enough to create or got as a kind of sate. saw grudge t.v. pushes putin's geo political agenda its proprietor has even been accused of fueling the pro russian rebellion in neighboring ukraine. being transferred forwards which leaves you with ukraine with all what's happening don't last are you happy to talk about that now please it is not a new page and here we are almost over and your film about. christianity does squeeze dumbass we don't talk about us than hell. mother fear denies involvement in the war in ukraine but is on an e.u. blacklist of those deemed responsible for the conflict. indeed two of my life e s f

differences through dialogue openness and understanding you can become a bridge between eastern and western europe. the pontiff's message sparked plenty of discussion among lithuanians. in general were taller and and will receive migrants as we have a juicy to do so when chording to the quota. polls on talk of carry ons are refusing to receive migrants but we're fulfilling our. i'm not against migrants some quotas should probably be introduced or the number of people coming should be limited somehow but we definitely can take in a certain number of people and we can increase the quota i want lithuania to be more open. that. the pope also visited vilnius cathedral where he met clergy and local religious leaders. he'll spend two days in lithuania before continuing on to latvia and estonia. the world's largest beer festival october fest is now officially underway here in germany in the bavarian capital munich the event attracts revelers from all over the world most of whom wouldn't think to show up for the party without the proper attire. i. the was soft is he cries it's tapped in english the start o

president trichet type ad was so far opposed such a move claiming that high interest rates through western europe the country's economic problems intervene while turkish regulators have also decided to ban all the real estate business in foreign currencies all transactions will be handled in the iraq and this is another attempt to support the lira which even after many turks bort with dollars continue to tumble. this man heeded the call of turkish president rich of thai of heir to one who wanted all turks to save the lira by purchasing the currency with dollars us one company install security technology surveillance cameras and alarm systems he does much of his business in dollars and that collected a lot of them. into the pool and i changed two hundred thirty thousand us dollars i changed all of my money. but it hasn't helped the lira much it's still tumbling rapidly things have become too expensive for us money how to his customers he's lost half his revenues but he doesn't plan on giving up instead he repeats the arguments from everyone's tirades. i think if the turkey is no longer the old and

well the price of liberty is eternal vigilance and so that's what we see we see even in western europeand the rule of law is not always perfect so this is a permanent process and i think the best that the european union as an institution can do is not financially prop up countries that are in danger the rule of law but then don't engage in double standards be fair for everyone that. doesn't the respect the rule of law and eventually alternately at the end of the day this is the job of the hungarian and polish civil society this is the job of international n.g.o.s to race awareness i don't think it's a healthy situation were other governments are often as guilty about some of the since alleged take drastic action wrote certain an interesting point the european people's party will meet soon to decide on the fate of. viktor orban and whether he stays within that party or not but that will be the conversation for another show because we have rick reese the end of this one third thanks to all our guests be very clear pay martin michelle ski and betty supposed to let go and thank you do for

in twenty fifteen asylum seekers followed this routes north sat year as they made their way to western europe this led health or it is in hungary to build a fence across its southern border and to jail migrants who managed to cross it w. has been speaking with one man who says he was trying to help his family reach germany but ended up in a hug area in jail he's asked us not to show his face and see for reports. one of hungary's best known prisoners is waiting to meet me in this budapest prison . to the government he's a dangerous terrorist others say he's a political prisoner. ackman tells me he does not know why he's here. and never understand what that was how come better song can be totally played this way was on what do you think of when you think of terrorism what does terrorism mean to you to listen who at least minimal make bomb kill people. please he has helped it for other people to lead on this is what for me because he has he has to do something from hate that is what people are hell for who. why. osmond is syrian but has lived for several years in cyprus with a cypriot wife in tw

really the big challenge facing them right now is kind of a demographic change especially in western europe and united states teens are increasingly turning away from the service and that's where instagram kind of comes into it it's a much more popular splash from when it comes to the teen demographic and it seems that mark zuckerberg and facebook were trying to muscle more in on the board executives there to try to get their view of how business should be done through and this sort of thing has happened to fall at another facebook company oh certainly it has i mean we've also seen the founders of what's app another popular messenger service also a billion user app that facebook purchased recently. departing as well as saying that they had concerns about privacy of about how facebook was actually using user data so yes this is part of an overall trend so is facebook really in trouble well i think it. it is to a certain extent especially if you look at the long term demographics i mean especially when it comes that critical teen market group a lot of users are turning away from facebook now

that exodus in twenty fifty asylum seekers followed this route north fat year made their way to western europeis led all forces in hungary to build a fence along the country's southern border and to jailed migrants who managed to cross it be doubly has been speaking with one man who says he was trying to help his family reach germany but ended up in hungary in jail he's asked us not to show his face and see for reports. one of hungary's best known prisoners is waiting to meet me in this budapest prison. to the government he's a dangerous terrorist others say he's a political prisoner. achmet tells me he does not know why he's here and never understand what it was how come bets wrong can be totally this way with what do you think of when you think of terrorism what does terrorism mean to you doesn't who at least minimal make won't kill people. he has hatred for other people who lead on this is because he has he has to do something from hate that what. was. after that is syrian but as lived for several years in cyprus with the cypriot wife in two thousand and fifteen he set out to help his paren

differences through dialogue openness and understanding you can become a bridge between eastern and western europe. is the point of the message sparked plenty of discussion among lithuanians. in general were taller and and will receive migrants as we have a juicy to do so when chording to the quota. holds on to one carry ons are refusing to receive migrants but we're fulfilling our. i'm not against migrants some quotas should probably be introduced or the number of people coming should be limited somehow but we definitely can take in a certain number of people and we can increase the quota i want lithuania to be more open. to. the pope also visited vilnius cathedral where he met clergy and local religious leaders. he'll spend two days in lithuania before continuing on to latvia and estonia. well for more i'm joined by constantine fun agate a political analyst and journalist in vilnius is following the pontiff's visit constantine today is also the seventy fifth anniversary of the near extermination of lithuania is jewish community during the holocaust how does that fit in with the pope's message th

fifteen many asylum seekers followed this route north that year as they're made their way to western europe but hungary took a hardline stance authorities there built a fence around the southern border and imprisoned many migrants who managed to cross it. w. met one man who says he tried to help his family reach germany only to end up in hungary in jail he asked us not to show his face i mean se for ports. one of hungary's best known prisoners is waiting to meet me in this budapest prison . to the government he's a dangerous terrorist. others say he's a political prisoner and. tells me he does not know why he's here and never understand what how come back strong going to be total just like this when i was on what do you think of when you think of terrorism what does terrorism mean to you to listen who at least minimal make won't kill people. he has hatred for other people that lead on this is because he has he has to do something from hate that what people who want. a syrian resident of cyprus was arrested while helping his aging parents and his brother's family fled to europe in two thousa

s drama i'm not sure these saw one of their broadcasters telling jeremy corbyn the leader of western europe's largest labor movement to apologize to camera for being an anti c major something like that and the chance you can apologise for your leader well i'm going to break with that tradition and on behalf of vince cable and the lib dems i'd like to apologize for the leader's mistake but we all know of course it was caused by jeremy corbin. sure there was an apology and the labor party deny any of those accusations have it over thank you. now to the gren fell fire tragedy one of the toughest challenges to prime minister tourism a's leadership though she has instituted an inquiry an alleged ultimatum has just been given to survivors joining me is labor councillor from the royal borough of kensington and chelsea. councillor thanks for coming back on the program let's start with the letter what do you advise grunfeld survivors threatened with losing their council tenancies apparently i've seen text of the letter and i've seen what emma dent called the labor m.p. for kenton to set about it when

northern and western europe particularly still retained over 85% of the immigration quotas. persons from asia could immigrate, but as you can see, they were highly restricted. asians were also the only group still tracked by race in the asian pacific triangle. addedcarran walter act certain changes in terms of preferences, we will talk about that more today. the mccarran walker act introduced preference for people who have special skills in employment. these are becoming identified as priorities and alternative ways to think of people apart from race and national origin. this system goes into operation, it is immediately subject to protest. the mccarran walter act was vetoed by president truman. there was a big hurdle in terms of american foreign relations. all presidents, truman, eisenhower, kennedy, and then lbj, all wanted immigration reform. here we have a report issued by the truman administration, whom we shall welcome. here we have a publication by john f. kennedy, titled a nation of immigrants. many people believe it was ghost authored by oscar hamlin, pressing for t

much, arek you very western europe economy editor -- our western europe economy editor joining us.ve that chart with the spread of italy versus germany, the 10-year spread yield. the finance minister is saying the spread is too wide. poised to see this contract or widen? >> i think it will widen a little further. iniew the last few weeks italian politics rather like an opera. we are in act i of a three act opera. it will play out across the next three months. it will affect the bond market. anna: a three act opera. anus: we talk a lot about the bond markets. from darling to dog. italy went from one of the best-performing markets in europe to diving 7%. undernks have been pressure, which has shifted their rating. question,o answer the do you want to pick up the banks on this battering they have had? how do you look at the italian equity story, as opposed to bonds? in terms of the reality, what is their value? value, there might be but i do not want to buy it. it is a value trap. it would require further reform to take lace within the banking sector. the turkish debt crisis is a tod

the same rights in the central part of europe to discuss these matters as as the countries in western europe to have many say that these european parliamentary elections in re are going to be nothing like the ones before and they may change europe forever to agree while i agree that this is going to be an extremely important election we really do hope that the composition of the european union and the european commission real change this european commission made a terrible performance if you look at the track record migration freddo if there are brics it's transatlantic relationship so it's very harmful what they have done to the european union so it's time to step down and we hope that the composition of european parliament through a change as well and a parliament will be created based on the will of the people. by migration forces will create the majority. you know since then and surely he's president trump's advisors. and he's a great fan of your government and the ideologies the east take with and he's actually working on this thing called the movement which is that you're a skeptic all

said the abuse took place during attempts to cross into croatia bosnia emerged as a new route to western europe since the e.u. tightened its borders aeration officials deny allegations of police brutality well those are the headlines the news continues here on al-jazeera after people pass judgment on sort of that. millions of dollars is being stolen in a scam that starts in the philippines and stretches across the globe. exclusive access to this country underworld through a criminal turned whistleblower on al-jazeera. overthrown and exiled they appoint. say if you all this. an intimate film about the struggle of the elected leader of madagascar to return to his country and reinstate his presidency you know the truth. and we do not think he is the. true change change return of the president on al-jazeera. almost two decades ago when sierra leone was in the grip of civil wall troops from nigeria were deployed to protect civilians but instead some of the peacekeepers turned on those they were meant to save. and trustees captured on camera by journalists or some more now that harrowing footage is c

the ideal for liberalism and globalization and political elites this rule united states their western europe and that has set out a cowed. converse way putin is viewed as a blessed. is simple he earth elects their russian society and the russian people might like but you can almost hear listen if you like to take a look and when you look at it you can't really get the. crucial point is he belongs to the globalist elite in that sense she is exception. because she is not bought all the various. male setten and it is enough to create or got as a kind of sate. saw grudge t.v. pushes putin's geo political agenda its proprietor has even been accused of fueling the pro russian rebellion in neighboring ukraine. been transferred forwards which leaves you with ukraine with all what's happening don't last are you happy to talk about that now please it is not a new page where we are almost over and your film about to dos and christianity as squeeze dumbass we don't talk about than hell. mother of fear denies involvement in the war in ukraine but is on an e.u. blacklist of those deemed responsible for th

followed this route here which you see from greece serbia hungary trying to make their way to western europe. this led authorities in hungary to build a fence along the southern border and to imprison migrants who managed to cross it. we have spoken with one man who says he was trying to help his family reached germany but instead he ended up in a hungarian prison. he asked us not to show his face. >> one of hungary's best-known prisoners is waiting to meet me. to the government he is a dangerous terrorist. others say he is a political prisoner. he tells me he does not know why he is here. i never understand how one person can be treated this way. >> was terrorism mean to you? >> make bombs, kill people. at least he has hate for other people or other religion. he has to do something from hatred. what hatred do i have? why? >> he is syrian but has lived for several years and cyprus with his wife. in 2015 he set out to help his parents flew to europe. they arrived at the hungarian border the day after it was closed. they were blocked along with hundreds of other refugees who lacked isaac neces

has said what they're going to do what about western europe they all stand united on this or is there some hesitancy they want to see as much will physical proof of this terrible thing did happen or i mean there's certainly unity among many western leaders at least of assad's guilt for committing horrific acts of violence against his own people that's those thoughts they very much take chemical weapons though is a bit of a different issue of course there are calls to take action if he crosses a red lion the famous red line that even obama talked about all those years ago chemical weapons being the border but there also calls for independent verification for investigations for full confirmation that attack south taken place and who exactly is responsible before god is dropped and there is any sort of military intervention. and the minister of state will give us two assurances today first that if there are any reports of chemical weapons attack particularly in the areas of italy controlled by h.t.s. that the government will not take part in any military action in response until the you

partially because the truth is that a small number of consumers, mostly in north america and western europesubsidize the existence of these technologies for everybody else in the world. and finding some kind of way to build products that require millions of servers and billions and billions of dollars in hardware and lots of professionals to run it, finding a way to support that, then that service can be available freely across the world, that's a super hard problem. so if these products are going to exist, you're always going to have these privacy trade-offs. i personally thought it's better to be part of that argument and at these companies than to just throw, you know, tomatoes from the outside. but that also can be a self-serving argument. hopefully when you're on the inside and you're trying to work on these issues, you have the ability to change people's minds. and it's not like -- i was working with people who were like, let's go violate everybody's privacy. you're working with people who are well meaning and want to do the right thing. >> so they're not saying that at facebook? like

the ideal for liberalism and globalization and political elites this rule united states their western europe and that has set out a cowed. conversing putin is viewed as a blessed. is simple he reflects very russian society and the russian people and my life but you. know nothing i can imagine you would be looking at and in your opinion we can't believe you. but it is. the crucial point is he belongs to the globalist and the. in that sense he is exception. because he is not bought all the various. setten and it is enough to create or he got as a kind of saint. saw grudged t.v. pushes putin's geo political agenda it's proprietor has even been accused of fueling the pro russian rebellion in neighboring ukraine. there have been press reforms which leave you with ukraine with all what's happening in bomb blasts are you happy to talk about that now please it is not a new page where we are almost over and your film about. christianity but it's a squeeze dumbass we don't talk about and how. mother of fear denies involvement in the war in ukraine but is on an e.u. blacklist of those deemed responsibl

well the price of liberty is eternal vigilance and so that's what we see we see even in western europe and the rule of law is not always perfect so this is a permanent process and the best that the european union as an institution can do is not financially prop up countries that are in danger the rule of law but then don't engage in double standards be fair for everyone that. doesn't the respect the rule of law and eventually ultimately at the end of the day this is the job of the hungarian and polish civil society this is the job off international n.g.o.s to race awareness i don't think it's a healthy situation were all the governments are often as guilty about some of the since alleged take drastic action wrote thirteen an interesting point the european people's party will meet soon to decide on the fate of. viktor orban and whether he stays within that party or not but that will be the conversation for another show because we have really reached the end of this one third thanks to all our guests be very clear pay martin michelle ski and back. and think you do for watching you can se

thinking of it as a normal country like in western europe i mean some people refer to the index you should be looking at in the christie production rail disbursements or even satellite danger of lights at night you're looking at the wrong statistic when you judge that debt to g.d.p. ratio that you're basing that on well you still you still a twelve trillion dollars economy it with a major impact on the global economy so if you're talking about two hundred to five hundred billion in tariffs china has already devalued their currency ten percent this year so they're clearly worried about something and that is having major impact on other emerging market countries that trade with china so it's a currency war that's come out of a trade war ironic that the that when trump announced more terror of the yuan against drop again dropped good for the chinese economy for exports well that is exact. this is one of their defense mechanism so every time that trump is thrown another measure they will continue to develop but remember when you're when you have a country is biggest china when you devalued ima

been testing capabilities british french and german jets simulated flight interceptions over western europe on wednesday to deter russian planes from entering nato airspace russia and the west haven't seem quite so hostile since the cold war these military exercises with china coincide with russia hosting the chinese president and other asian leaders at the eastern economic forum here in the pacific port city of light of all stock and taken together these two things show the russia are increasingly seen as its partners in interests in this part of the world more that in the capitals of europe and the united states will reach islands al-jazeera but it will stop. that to the un humanitarian coordinator in yemen says hundreds of thousands of real lives sorry about that. are at the u.n. we're going to go to yemen and the u.n. humanitarian coordinator for yemen says hundreds of thousands of lives hang in the balance as intense fighting between sound erratic coalition and who the rebels escalate in the port city of who data commanders of the saudi erotic coalition say they continue to supply a ma

thinking of it is a normal country like in western europe i mean some people refer to the canning index you should be looking at and the christie production rail disbursements or even satellite danger of lights at night you're looking at the wrong statistic when you judge that debt to g.d.p. ratio that you'll see the u.s. canada mexico alliance is. say forty thirty forty percent thirty percent of global g.d.p. so that isn't something that china doesn't want to miss out on so anything that impacts china relationships with the western world they can't make it up in emerging markets. thank you and that's it for the show will be back on saturday when privatized and on british airways flights from of the just have to run to conform to the u.s. violation of the iran nuclear deal agreed by britain and russia on saturday we asked the man who could be president of nigeria next about a ward of them's the alleged was like a liberal democrat be to vince cable and u.k. foreign secretary for that have been given out by social media we'll see on saturday thirty eight years to the day you came back to

criticized you know that should rise of fascism in eastern europe do you see the same thing in western europe with the new government neo fascism and austria or in italy do you see the same tendencies and secondly are is russia delivering weapons to me and more and if so we can think of perhaps using that as par for the generals to stop their ethnic cleansing. why should. you. talking about the new nazi turned and says well we see there from the chair of the you in that fear story of the conduct marches a regular basis of the former. members they praised them. and i mentioned that in my speech that day there molly the monuments in memory of those who liberated here up that is the case was poland most of all in other countries it's also. happening so this is why we on the regular basis introduce the reserves on the basis of will so use the condemnation of siegel if occasion and the e.u. will never votes in favor because they see that as an assault on the freedom of speech but if the you things that this is an assault on the freedom of speech to demand to fall of the nuremberg tribunal. what th

assistance to the primary opposition movement in poland, which isolidarity, setting up shop in western europe, countries like france, using black-market networks to smuggle material into solidarity covertly under the noses of the kgb and polish intelligence. it was a stunning development. jane: how much was actually known about this episode? seth: well, there were some indications that the cia wassi providing ance to solidarity, but what was not e own is the individuals involved, some of y smugglers involved, the amount of money, where this was set up, and now declassified documents on debates within the reagan white house on whether to do it, and when they made the decision, what the objectis were. jane: how important was this? this was obviously at a time when the soviet union was in a state of flux. what did it do? seth: people have to remember at in 1981 in december, the soviets got the poles to crack down on solidarity. they considered invading themselves like in meechoslovakia, but instead of doing it, the reracked down. in 1982, 1983, 1984, the primary assistance solidarity was getting

in western europe, the first few months of the second world war is often described as the phoney war were few military clashes. donald trump's trade war with china feels much the same. his trade officials spent months preparing evidence of what he regards as chinese transgressions, there's been public consultation on how to punish them, and there've been exemptions. with the us economy apparently booming, american consumers may hardly notice tariffs imposed on chinese imports. but what about china? there are signs that its economy is slowing. from monday, at least 44% of its exports to the us will be affected. isabel, you are literallyjust back from china on friday night. we are very grateful for you staggering into the studio after a journey like that. what was your impression of china's economy? the economy was scheduled to slow, there is a planned slowdown. that is not surprising. china has to move through the middle—income trap and transform its economic base. that has been long anticipated. at the same time, it has a number of problems like a towering massive debt, and some diff

crisis but it was she stop and think through sorry i don't think all of this to be the leader of western europe's largest labor movement gets only a blairite accusation of racism in response to his grilling of minority u.k. government leaders or raise them a. type of arrogance with a consolation for the banks that lehman brothers the american war monger john bolton well the simple coming up in today's going underground but first today marks ten years to the day that the self-styled musters of the universe got that come up and or rather the entire western world was crashed by an economic model centered on financial services that were built on sand within days as the financial contagion spread u.k. labor iraq was supporting chancellor. gordon brown claimed to have saved the world by setting the stage for austerity policies that continue today we not only save the world save the bank was. you know you was around eight hundred fifty billion dollars or perhaps four times the annual budget of britain's public health care system was poured into the accounts of city of london banks only later was malfeas

been testing capabilities british french and german jets simulated flight interceptions over western europe on wednesday to deter russian planes from entering nato airspace russia and the west haven't seem quite so hostile since the cold war these military exercises with china coincide with russia hosting the chinese president and other asian leaders at the eastern economic forum here in the pacific port city of lot of rostock and taken together these two things show the russia are increasingly seen as its partners in interests in this part of the world more than in the capitals of europe and the united states will reach islands how does era radical stop. as rory mentioned these military maneuvers as tensions between the west and russia intensifies so russia turning east romney put in and she didn't bring have announced stronger ties but can russia and china actually trust each other a very interesting discussion on this on inside story at al-jazeera the call. it was hailed at the time as a diplomatic triumph then u.s. president bill clinton brought the palestinian and israeli leaders toget

the states of western europe did not, at that time, have significant slave or serf populations. hadr than britain, they legally ended the possibility of including, as it were, tourists visiting with their slaves and bleeding again, and they had not abolished slavery in the caribbean colonies. but slavery was less prevalent. there was no slavery in the netherlands , almost no slavery in france and slavery in france was abolished in a handful of years. the american, society this not look like the european society. it is a society that talks about liberty all the time and a society with millions of enslaved persons. patterson teaches us to expect that there is going to be that kind of paradoxical dialect about when and why people discuss freedom. patterson does not think that freedom changes dramatically as a value between ancient greece and the modern west. he thinks the status of slavery has enduring characteristics, and the response to it has the same enduring characteristics. we wish to be able to not eat cynically constrained, -- chains,ly constrained, chains we wish to have e