gm and ford and general electric and westinghouse, and the little guy will get nothing. there was even a small business defense contract committee that was set up. there was a big crusade in washington to do that. knudsen you the truth, and that is that once you engage big corporations as prime contractors, they would be plenty for everybody down to subcontracting network to get, everybody get not only gain employment but also to spot half a million new jobs in the process. and that, of course, is exactly what happens. >> thank you. on carmela, i'm economic historian at gw university. i'm fascinated by your story, especially about the prewar buildup of production. what i'm wondering is, these contracts that the firms were competing for, where did they come from? worthy building up his stockpile of material in anticipation of wartime contracts? or were contracts being spread out early? and if so, by whom? >> that contracts were, of course produced specific material, but these are like warplanes from for example, aircraft engines. they didn't exist yet. most companies didn