william bowen, the biggest preference is given to athletes. important was under representative -- underrepresented minorities. third was legacies, the children of alumni. it is outrageous. they get a 20 percentage point increase. low income students got no bump up whatsoever. universities do not consider class in admissions. how do we goon is, about getting change on that issue? think universities are going to makes you much on their own, because they have incentives for racial diversity, because race is a lot more visible than class to the naked eye. there are interest groups .ushing for racial diversity it is not that expensive to bring in wealthy students of all colors. class faces all sorts of obstacles. race ands visible than much more expensive because you have to give financial aid to the students. so the only lever for change or have seen make a real difference where, usuallys by voter initiative, people have said you cannot use race in admissions. then suddenly, universities discover class. not because they are interested in class div