i refer to william johnson as -- i hate this term but people like to talk about stealth nominees. this was our first stealth nominee. gallatin and jefferson thought they had put the jeffersonian cat among the federalist canaries. they were going to be greatly disappointed. johnson carved out a record during his tenure on the court of support for virtually all of the main positions embraced by john marshall. this was not because john marshall's legendary persuasive powers. it was because if you looked with care at the record, the indication was already there. a couple of other things. johnson joined the court after marbury. he was not part of that revolution. between marbury in 1810, there were few if any cases that came to the court which would arouse jefferson's ire. the single most important exception were the cases out of the burr conspiracy where johnson in fact did dissent but not on a constitutional basis. in 1810, fletcher versus peck presented the first opportunity for johnson to speak out in an area near and dear to jefferson's part. this was compounded by another develop

william johnson dies in 1834, and that leaves a seat. jackson fills it with this guy, james wayne, who is a georgia jurist and a vigorous proponent of indian removal. then the same day that wayne is sworn in, just as gabriel devol resigns, which opens another seat for a jackson appointee. so he has already got 1, 2, 3, this will be for justices. pdevol's resignation makes clear this will be jackson appointees, pro-removal. the cherokees said to delegations to washington in 1835, after wayne is sworn in and after duvall has resigned. one group is john ross and the national party, and they show up to say, "we are staying, " right? but there is a second group headed by chief john rich, who i think my reading of the writing on the wall, makes the call, let's get the best deal we can, and so the ridge faction, which is known in cherokee history of the treaty party or treaty faction, though unelected and operating illegally under cherokee law, agree in the spring of 1835 to sign a removal treaty, which will be signed in final form by that fact

into this peaceful little habitat came william johnson. jefferson's first appointment to the court. one can only begin to speculate about how he was licking his chops at the opportunity to put someone on the court who was not a federalist and in particular not john marshall his distant cousin whom he quite frankly despised. the enmity between the two was a light motif from the 1790s on indeed in a strangely prophetic letter to james madison in 1790 he complained about marshall and said we need to find something better to do with him to get him out of the way. quote, nothing could be better done than to make him a judge. that wish became true much to jefferson's chagrin. now, the theory was going to be that william johnson was going to be an ardent supporter of the jeffersonian approach to things. one small problem. they selected him on the recommendation of the secretary of treasury. his name was sent to the senate. he was confirmed. james madison sent him a letter saying congratulations. would you accept? a rather strange pattern in those days. no due diligence was undertaken and t

it's william johnson's. william johnson dies in 1834. that leaves a seat. jackson fills it with this guy, james wayne, who had been a georgia jurist and a vigorous proponent of indian removal. then the same day that wayne is sworn in, justice gabriel duvall resigns, which opens up another seat for a jackson appointment. so he has one, two, this is three, this will be four justices on a court of seven. duvall's resignation makes clear that there is no turning back. the majority of the supreme court are going to be jackson appointees pro-removal. and we know about the politics of supreme court appointments. the cherokees send two delegations to washington in 1835 after wayne is sworn in du another jackson appointee. one group is john ross and his national party who are the elected government and they show up to say we're staying, right? but there is a second group headed by sub chief named john ridge who, i think, reading the writing on the wall, makes the call let's get the best deal we can. and so the ridge faction, which is known in cherokee history as the

>>the jamie says its president andceo william johnson is gointo retire in june and that expected to happen after the company's reorganization plan is confirmed by the banuptcy courthnson says he joined pga need to help get the company out of nkruptcy and to stabilize things. he says that he expects those goals to havebeen met by the and june pg and e has named william smith as interim ceo. coming upmembers of congress agree they should be able to work remotely these days but no one to bring you have on how to make that happen. >>and does drinking a lot of t quids have anything to do with fiting the coronavirus and why so people working from home say 're all doing our part by stayi at home. that could mean an increase in energy bills. you can save by settinyour heat to 68 or lower... unplugging a turning off devices when not in use... or just letting the sun light your home. stay well and keep it golden. are working from home say their mental hlth has. >>deteriorated as a result, 41% said it was difcult to separate work and personal lives about 40% sd they found it difficult to communicate

says its president and ceo william johnson will retire in ne. that's expected to happen after the company's reorganization plan is confirmed by bankuptcy court. johnson says that he join pg and e to help get the compa out of bankruptcy. 2 us stabilize things. he ys he expects those goals to have been met by the end of june pg and e has named williamsmith as interim ceo. new survey out of tokyo says that 35% of people who are working from ho say their mental health has deteriorated as a result. 41% said it was difficult to separate work and personal lives nearly 40% said they found it tough to communite with colleagues some complained about being able to exercise enough, although that's not cleait's like they have more time but researchers say it is nessary to establish working hours d the timing of contact with supervisors. delta airlinesreporting its first quarrly loss in more than 5 years the company lost more than half a billion dollars in the firs3 months of the year of urse because of the pandemic delta is e first airline to report the fina

william johnson married a beautiful 15-year-old savanna girl. elizabeth. there we go. there is elizabeth. williams favorite brother jack was taken by rebels and hanged. many decades after the war a widow in exile in nova scotia, elizabeth johnson wrote, " recollections of a georgia loyalist." after jack was hanged williams was absent. upon returning he said to her, i expect some friends tonight and would like supper at 11:00. tell the negroes to have food for their horses. elizabeth wrote, some of them were friends of your grandfather, but others were hard looking men, not gentleman." after supper as the men were leaving, she asked william when he would be back. "i will be back in 24 hours." i slept little and spent the next day and anxious prayer for her safe return. william rode in at 2 p.m. that afternoon and embrace elizabeth. and threw his sort of pistol upon the table. " where have you been? " "never asked me where i've been are what i have done. we don't owe the rebels anything for jack." two examples of what greene called private murders. in may, -june 1781, fol

says it has set up a system to disinfect and reuse the masks pg and e says its president and ceo william johnson will retire in june that's expected to happen after the company's reorganization plan is confirmed. >>by bankruptcy court johnson says he joined pg need help get the company out of bankruptcy and stabilize operations. he says he expects those goals. we'll have been met by the end of june pg e has named william smith as interim ceo. the head of san francisco's democratic party wants the city to move to all mail in ballots. by november kron four's maureen kelly says steps are already being taken to make that happen. the chair the san francisco democratic party called for the change in this letter sent out tuesday to city leaders. >>he says he doesn't want to see what happened during the primary election in wisconsin when voters lined up to cast their ballots during the pandemic to be repeated in san francisco this november. i don't think that san francisco voters. >>you have to make a choice between. for getting covid-19 it's a said false choice. >>the mayor of san francisco says the ci

here's an example of a new yorker, sir william johnson, a new york provincial troop.e's showing himself restraining his native ally. this mohawk warrior who wants to scalp the four wounded french officer. he is protecting his fellow gentleman officer from violence. the french officer will have given his parole and be allowed to return to france until he's either exchanged or a cessation of hostilities ensues. so in 1775, when the angle american elite decide to prosecute their grievances against parliament by force of arms in april. it is with the idea of warfare that they entered the conflict. they believe that they understand how their enemy is going to fight and they will fight by these rules. prisoners of course would be treated humanely. angle americans see themselves as british and civilized. the british on the other hand, 3000 miles across the atlantic have a very different idea. these were not just some recalcitrant colonial subjects, these are rebels and traders against the king. they pose a direct challenge of the supremacy of parliament and that cannot be to

abolitionists as a black man and others who picked that up, including people like martin delaney and william johnson. they identified him as an unequivocally black man. so there's some ambiguity there. you tilted your head. so you might want to look at other sources as well. >> i don't want to monopolize this, but, you know, when you 1850's, we in the now call african-american, using the term "colored," and you have nell rewriting entire chapters on indigenous people who fought in the revolution, i'm not so sure that they were ignoring the complexity of who this attucks person was. professor kachun: ok. yeah, i'm going to stick to my guns on that, though. [laughter] but it's worth thinking about. the term colored, of course there's been an evolution of the way african-americans are referred to by the broader society and the way they refer to themselves. there were considerable debate in the 1830's about whether to identify -- you know, in the revolutionary era, the term "african" was widely embraced. you have the free africans society, the african methodist episcopal church, the african society, in

johnson. peter l. demaster. harley richard cottingham. we remember our visitor on the second floor, scott d. williamsends and family from the america's kids child development center, second floor. our brother, colten wade smith. >> our brother, chase dalton smit smith. >> dominique revae johnson london. blake ryan kennedy. wanda lee howell. kevin lee gottshall ii. >> kevin deandre garrett. tyler santoy eaves. brenda faye daniels. jaycee ray coyne. elijah s. coverdale. aaron m. coverdale. antonio ensaro cooper jr. >> we continue to remember our friends and family from the america's kids child development center second floor. anthony christopher cooper ii. dana leann cooper. my nephew, zachary taylor chavez. danielle nicole bell. miss bailey alman. >> we remember our friends and family my husband, martin l. loudenslager. steven douglas curry. >> we remember our friends and family from the social security administration first floor. sharon louise wood-chestnut. w. steven williams. julie marie welch. robert n. walker jr. luther h. trainer. larue a. trainer. michael george thompson. my mother, charlotte a

william tweeting that he hopes for a speedy recovery. president trump saying americans will pray for him. johnson's former communications chief will walden spoke with his friend just last week, telling abc news boris is a fighter. how hard is this personally to have to go through this in such a public manner? >> look, i think it'll be very tough for him, not least because he's a reluctant patient. he doesn't wear illness very well. >> reporter: today the queen sending a message of support to johnson's pregnant fiancee and his family. david, health officials know the conditions of coronavirus can persist and get worse. that's why they're being cautious, but optimistic for a full recovery. >> ian, thank you. >>> and several presidential primaries have been recovered, butnsin went ahead voting. mary bruce with the story, how much risk was involved? >> reporter: in wisconsin today, thousands waiting for hours, forced to choose between protecting their own health and exercising their right to vote. the frustration clear. >> i was kind of upset coming out here today. so it's "stay home, be safe" but then

william, who was a pragmatist. the literary celebrity to milt johnson goes to the next direction at a dinner party. by the end of the century stories against slaveholders and gruesome executioners, promotes an emerging antislavery consciousness, which enabled the campaign to turn the british public against the slave trade and slavery in the 19th century. when this all happened, like most in his direction, it ended badly. they were killed, publicly executed and displayed or banished from the island. they had taken no part in the fight. looking back on the perspective, one can see the outcome was never really in doubt. they had rebellion from the start. it would not win the connie from the british at the north american's with you to have tickets later and by 1804, taking the french. the rebels did not know they failed. they acted in the hope of success. even in the business of war, and connie with foreign and domestic enemies, the could find the power beyond the reach of the slaveholders. they could even challenge the combined forces of the british empire and find an enduring place in popular memory.

william white, will join us. good morning. ♪ ♪ good morning, i am guy johnson in london with tom keene in new york.tel group accor has been forced to lay off three quarters of its staff. people, due to the coronavirus pandemic. travel and tourism has been heavily hit by the outbreak, but the company has enough cash to withstand the crisis. the ceo spoke about the fact that he is currently fighting to make sure the group's operations are in shape for when the rebound comes. >> i intend to rehire every one of them. we had to let go over 200,000 300,000 because of hotels being closed as of the first of april. i don't know how long the crisis will last but i don't know whether we will be able to come back as strong as ever before because of the gdp recession, but i can tell you for a fact we closed out000 hotels of 5000. i intend to rehire every employee and i hope people will be traveling and enjoying geographies and discovering people. i could be dead wrong, but i am fighting for the hotel industry to come back. ejra: on the question of the hotel and travel industry coming back, you pointed to early

johnson's office says he'll be closely monitored during the early phase of his recovery. he's in extremely good spirits. >>> a royal thank you from the royal coupl prince william and indicate middleton welcomed -- kate middleton welcomed children here. they thanked them for their hard work and dedication. >> are you holding up pictures of mommies and daddies? >> yes! >> yes! this is a picture of my mum and she works in health care. >> they're wearing easter bunny ears. the visit came during what could be the deadliest phase of the outbreak. >> is there anything you can do to help prepare your body to fight against viruses? michelle spoke with a nutritionallist about boosting your immunity. >>> this is vitamin a. this is vitamin you want to buffer c so it's absorbable. vitamin k does absorb. >> reporter: that's half of the top six supplements that teresa gru recommends to boost your immunity which is crucial to fight off illness. >> ye if you're boosting your immune seasonal system, you have a greater chance of defending yourself against the virus. it won't be able to live in your body. >> reporter: 75 to 80% of our immune system, she says, is produced in our g

defense of it saying boris johnson doesn't actually have to attend those cobra briefings those cobra meetings not until it really gets critical u.k. education secretary given williams and dismissed allegations that the prime minister's absence from cobra meetings was unusual. for prime minister from the moment that it became clear that there were challenges in terms of coronavirus developing in in china has absolutely been leading our nation's effort to combat the coronavirus making sure that resources and money is not an issue or concern for any department especially health service in terms of dealing with this and as you will well know and i know as an experienced journalist you're very aware of this many cobra meetings take place and i spent many hours attending cobra meetings where it's actually led by the departmental minister but the focus that the prime minister was putting on this and can to continue to put on this has meant that this is the whole government effort also under increasing scrutiny for its handling of the pandemic has the united states now the question of when to ease lock down restrictions is dividing the country president donald trump keeps

with the exception probably of william raborn who served for one year 1965-66, and johnson picked him because he had no other alternatives and was looking for someone he was remotely familiar with, but his main point was he was trying to give richard helms, who he did want, a year of high-level grooming. director of operations helms is promoted to deputy director, and he is in the more prominent position getting more washington experience and his ability, then rayborn checks out almost by design and helms is elevated to the director in 1966. what i mean by direct experience is that an individual was either a practitioner of intelligence, analysts, case officer, or they ran an intelligence organization like they were the head of air force intelligence, in the case of vandenberg, or they were a senior officer in a military intelligence service like general hayden, air force attache for a while. you are either a protection are or run intelligence organization. indirect experience means a person who was a consumer or user of intelligence in a foreign policy or national security position,

johnson. and all of these people -- this is something to think about. all of them are below william henry harrison, who was only in office for one month. [laughter] i think richard called them the net negative presidencies. let's take a quick look at how the modern presidents fared. ronald reagan was the only one that made it into the top 10. lou cannon, the terrific biographer who covered him as a journalist in california, is the chapter that he did. he had a lot to say about reagan's command of storytelling while he was in office. next, george h.w. bush in 20th place. it will be interesting to see what happens to him now that he has passed, now that more records are available, and there is a bit of a halo effect when presidents leave office. we will see if he remains there. interestingly, he is also book ended by the two adams presidents. bill clinton came in at 15. we had david marinus' seminal biography as his chapter. he was the washington post reporter who writes about bill clinton's duality, that he could be both good and bad at the sing -- same time and that kind of impacted

tom: william white, thank you so much for joining bloomberg --rveillance," formally formerly with the oecd. ♪ ♪ guy: welcome back. you are watching "surveillance," tom keene in new york, guy johnsonmp and pelosi agree another massive aid bill is coming." joining us on the phone is kevin cirilli. is that right? will we see another massive aid bill, and when? asin: yes, and it will come we have been talking about over the last couple of weeks, as early as april 20. negotiations have begun in earnest, according to sources i have been talking to, because that is a moving goal post. that is when lawmakers are set to come back to washington, but there is a lot of question marks about whether that april 20, congress will be ready to go to have lawmakers return. speaker pelosi also wants the additional funds more for government workers in cities and states that were left out of the first economic stimulus -- the third rather, and the administration wants to see some plan-- type of economic for reopening in the next month and a half. government,look at nothing more than getting to the next election, how will we get to the first tuesday of november? i guess you are not going to any convent

removed him and they were fed up with andrew johnson for a thousand good reasons but they were onnervous about the impeachment processe and basically his lawyer, williamedwards, another important new yorker promised, look, i promise you if you don't convict him he will behave himself from now on. he will not try to obstruct reconstruction and not violate the law and will not encourage violence and he's only got about eight more months in office anyway and by the way, that's what happened. johnson shut up after being acquitted and reconstruction went forward without his obstructionism that have been acute up to that point. they could have removed him and probably if he had started obstructing reconstruction they would have impeached him again and then gotten rid of him. it's not like today and whether impeachment is a good thing is that's a political question we all can debate but you know, my only fear is that it makes it impossible to getno anything ele accomplished, not that much was being a composed anyway but you know, there are other pressing issues facing this country and yet if everybody is talking impeachment all the time we won't be somehow t

johnson, is out of intensive care as his condition improves. he has been this the hospital since sunday for treatment of coronavirus. prince william kate middleton carried out their first royal engagement via video today. >> hey, guy. >> hi! what's your names? >> gracia and marissa. >> hello, girls. are you sisters or are you friends? >> sister. >> you're sisters. and have you been busy as well this morning? >> yes. >> what have you been doing? oh, look at that. >> your flowers, they're brilliant! >> wow, that's brilliant. >> is that a little handbag? >> no! >> it's an easter bag. >> sorry. it looked like a little handbag. >> that is so cute. the royal couple paid a virtual visit to students and staff at school in northwest england this morning. the children showed off their drawings and their bunny ears. england has kept some schools open for the children of essential workers. >> that's adorable. >> yeah, it's so cute. >> they did a great job. let's turn our attention to the weekend weather forecast. easter is here. spencer back. >> and warmth is coming back as well. here is a look at what's going on. right now these are forecast

william westmoreland requested 205,000 more troops in february 1968, he fully expected to get them. earl weaver fully expected him to get there. interestingly, clark clifford was brought in as secretary of defense because unlike mcnamara, johnson expected he would approve it. his reason for not approving it -- he did staff it out. he was very explicit. is that congress was not going to support this at this point. so, in fact, there are really a remarkable parallel between what was going on in congress at the same time. i think cory is absolutely right in terms of beating the clock. in vietnam, basically -- the horse had left the stable as far as kissinger did. that was what was poisoning the well and why johnson was so surprised. it was political. westmoreland, we've got them on the ropes. let's knock them out now. there was the gold crisis and other things going on. it was considered by the most political of secretary of defenses, clark clifford, that this was politically unviable at that point. [ inaudible ] >> it's interesting. we could go on. it happened to have been what we have learned over the last several years. >> i really enjoyed your talk. you talked about rumsfeld. we saw movies about cheney. how do you feel he was

william, thank you very much. stay safe in massachusetts. we have been checking in with members of congress from around the country this morning. we are joined by dusty johnsoncongressman from south dakota, the only district in south dakota, a republican member of the agricultural committee. congressman, good morning. we had a caller 15 or 20 minutes ago specifically mention the situation at the smithfield pork processing plant. can you explain what is happening right now in the statement on's? -- and the state's response? guest: 3800 employees, this is about x percent of our whole nation's pork processing capacity, and it was -- 6% of our whole nation's pork processing capacity, and about 600 of them have come out with covid-19. the government told the operator of the plant that they want to the plant shut down. it has been shut down for almost a week, and that is obviously causing big ripple impacts through the agricultural community as well as the economic environment in sioux falls. host: so much so that you have asked the secretary of agriculture, sonny perdue, for help with the pork industry here. what are you looking for the federal government specifi

williams: thank you. i was there for the 25th anniversary. once we gave it back -- president johnson returned it to them -- i said i would never go back. i thought we should have kept it as a memorial, someplace where people would visit. of course, they have by the thousands, even though we did give it back. but in 1970, my grandson, i've got a whole slew of them, they talked me into going back because of hearing everything about it but not knowing what was being said. the first time was rather emotional. i thought perhaps i could find the location where my assistant, the best friend i have ever had in my life, sacrificed his life. but when i was there, there was no shrubbery whatsoever. everything was blown back. when we went back in 1970, it was all green. this stuff that looked almost like west virginia rhododendron was all covered the ground. i couldn't tell anything. so that was disappointing. but i am glad i went. and i am going again. in march, we are going back again. >> sir, as you pulled out of iwo jima, and you had time to more or less wind down, did they prepare you for a