no one understood this better than william lloyd garrison. no, presidential election has ever occurred at all comparable in magnitude solemnity and far-reaching consequences garrison wrote as the returns of the 1864 vote came in with lincoln's victory secured garrison declared the doom of republic rebellion, and slavery is now irrevocably pronounced. so fundamental and astounding yes. and yet could not have happened without the anti-slavery project without the peacetime project of federal pressure on southern states to abolish slavery in concert with the wartime project of military emancipation and the enlistment of black troops all of it justified by a constitution that lincoln believed made freedom the rule and slavery the exception. take that away and there is no 13th amendment and so we are left to ponder one of the great paradoxes of american legal history. it took an anti-slavery constitution. to get us an anti-slavery constitution thank you. we have a couple of minutes for questions. so please use the microphone's on either side of the

so one of the guys was named this william lloyd and after the war they tried him as a war criminal. and he said wait a second. you can't try me as a war criminal because although my parents were british. i was born in the united states. and i went back to england. i was raised in england, but when i went to nazi germany the united states where i was born was not at war with nazi germany, so you can't try me as a war criminal. they said that's used. you know, you're so right except for one thing and they him as a traitor. was the last person executed for treason? in great britain and i contrast that with nathan hale who's who was hung as a spy? and he said i only regret that but one life to give to my country, but william lloyd's words are not recorded. so what they said before they hung him as they said that's very funny. it's a great argument, but you availed yourself of the protection of the crown all of your life and you owe responsibilities and they hung them. so if if we don't have responsibilities, it's very difficult for us to understand what our rights are. right because if

but william lloyd's last words are not recorded. but they said before they hung him that's funny it's a great argument that you've availed yourself of the protection of the crown all of your life and you owe responsibilities and they hung him. if we don't have responsibilities is very difficult for us to understand what our rights s are. we say where i can do whatever dhec i want but you can't, right? what is my responsibility? responsibility to pull a kid out of a burning building? maybe yes. >> whatever should become a responsibility. >> here's what i think is we did turn the tide to the extent they don't do anything really interesting inpr october for the people are going to say gas prices but you cannot have my kids. you cannot have my grandchildren. i am sorry it's just not going to happen. [applause] i have several friends here who are like me are jewish. and pulled their kids out of school god bless them put them in a catholic school so they can get an education from people care about education. i went to college ines the 60s

i think william lloyd garrison captured it really well, i have two chapters that deal with colonization in the book. one of them is called a spectacle as extraordinary as it was humiliating, or humiliating as it was extraordinary, i think it's that. and what garrison understood was, on the one hand, this was humiliating. here's the president treating people, in a sense, as ponds to get his message out. and the other, hand as extraordinary that, for the first-time, lincoln is engaging with african americans who a president has invited in to talk about policy. so, it's a complicated moment. but it's the only time, the only time, that lincoln does not listen to his audience. every other meeting that i describe in the book is different. and so, i'd say the exception that proves the rule. every other meeting, lincoln listens and as what he can to meet the needs of the person who is meeting with, not to try to make a political point or demand out of the meeting. >> right. you make a good point, i got this from the book. lincoln was very careful to make sure that this was going to be a public

william lloyd garrison was also passed in doing that. he wasn't worried about persuading people. he let god bring his conviction to people. he wasn't running for political office. but to get things done, you have to get into office and pass laws accordingly. so you have to pay attention, in short, to public opinion. and the state of public opinion in illinois in the 1850s was pretty bad in terms of racial animus towards blacks. it's as if they were competing with indiana to see who could be more racist. 1853, i think this was mentioned in a previous session, illinois passed a law banning the immigration of black people into their state. i mean, potentially unconstitutional, according to the federal constitution. they went ahead and do it. indiana had a law like that, oregon territory had a law like that. missouri tried to get the constitution passed in 1820, 1821, with a clause like that. so, that the state of public opinion. blacks can't serve on juries for whites who are defendants. they can so vote. they conserve the militia. okay? so very few civil rights, no political rights

i think william lloyd garrison captured it really well. i have two chapters that deal with colonization in the book and one of them is called a spectacle is as extraordinary as it was humiliating or as humiliating as it was. ordinary, i think it's that and what garrison understood was on the one hand. this was humiliating. i mean here is the president treating people in a sense as pawns right to get his message out on the other hand. it was extraordinary that for the first time lincoln is engaging with african-americans who a president has invited in to talk about policy. and so it's a it's a complicated moment, but it's it's the only time it's the only time that lincoln does not listen to his audience every other meeting that i describe in the book is different link. and so i say it's exception that proves the rule every other meeting lincoln listens and does what he can to meet the needs of the person who he's meeting with not to try to make a political point or or demand out of the meeting. right, but the you certainly you make a good p

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lloyd weber's" joseph and the amazing technicolor dream coat." capping off day three of the platinum jubilee celebrations with members of the royal family spread out across the united kingdom. prince williamkate, along with prince george and princess charlotte, charming the crowds in wales. the young princess even conducting an orchestra. and princess anne stepping in for her mother the queen t lead the famed epsom derby. the queen surely sad to miss it. >> extraordinary gal, aren't you? >> her lifelong love of horses on full display in a newly released video filmed earlier this year. >> her lucky day. >> reporter: queen elizabeth experiencing discomfort after thursday's appearance on the buckingham palace balcony, watching today's events on television at home at windsor castle, where she had the opportunity to meet prince harry and meghan's daughter, great granddaughter and namesake, lilibet diana. the sussex family celebrating lili's 1st birthday privately as a family as the queen celebrates 70 incredible years on the throne. so cool to see the queen opening up the concert having tea with paddington bear. the festivities will wrap up tomorrow with the jubilee pageant, a parade that will