this diplomat had a three hour session with winston churchill in which he told roosevelt that churchill started out drunk and talked himself sober. that is where roosevelt got the idea that churchill was drunk half the time. he turned out to be the best by any standard. churchill, knowing that roosevelt was his correspondent, immediately sent off a cable with a long list of military requirements and said, if you will provide this stuff, then we can stop germany despite this great offensive. roosevelt looked through the list and could not possibly supply it. there would have been too much of an uproar in his own country, so he sent back a letter then saying it needed congressional approval. the united states was well enough armed for its own need, which was perfectly true, and it would take time to assemble this sort of stuff, so he could not meet it. he ended the message by saying, the best of luck to you. well, thanks a lot, thought churchill in a way to let but as disappointed as he was, he could not afford to let it show. churchill desperately needed the united states. perhaps britai

he has an entire bookshelf of all the winston churchill books. that was one of the most extraordinary friendships in american history between two leaders. every time churchill came up with a new book, he wrote 15 million words. every time he came out with a new book, he would find it and send it over to fdr to look at, and he would provide little notes in them. winston churchill inscribed one book "a fresh egg for a faithful hand." the two were very close. he loved roger kipling. we have a book here by stephenson, one of his favorite authors. it is a first edition, robert louis stevenson. when you open the cover, there rightittle watercolor there, glued into the front page, with robert louis stevenson's signature. naval history. he had a truly world-class collection of naval history books. firstlected ship's logs, person many scripts -- manuscripts. he loves collecting these. his collection of naval books is quite extraordinary, and if there is one book in his collection that had the biggest impact on his presidency, it is a book by a.t. mahon. it

winston churchill was on this porch 4 different times. members of his cabinet administration, among others. many times when they arrived here, they are in need of help or assistance. i think they were willing to sit in a place far removed from their comfort zone. it may have been refreshing for them to get away from everything happening below as well and to see fdr for the man that he really was. are familiar about is the hot topic when the king and queen of england arrived in hyde park. it was the first time that a seated british monarch had been admitted to the united states. that visit was capped off with a hotic at top cottage, that dog picnic. when this opened to the public uen mum was still alive. it really had nothing to do with the hot dogs or top cottage. she talked about fdr's driving. she said i was holding on for dear life. she said, i thought for sure i was going to die. she said in her own words that fdr drove like a bat out of hell. they drove for that picnic and she quickly exited the car. it was a very steep section. they

charlie: there were many winston churchills. brian: there were many. people forget about churchill. we have churchill downthe hero, the master of the second war, the great rhetorical speaker, the great podcaster, the guy that got us through the war -- the great broadcaster. all babies look like winston churchill and winston churchill look like all babies. there was this childlike quality he had. the little boy that was abandoned to his grandfather who the earl of marble. -- marlborough. his mother jenny was not always there. his father randolph had syphilis and was quite out of it most of the time. he was this kind of lonely child who kind of the sealed his destiny by being a child, by being on the outside, by actually taking something and going to goi'm this way. and he did that throughout his entire career. so, by the time he had reached the time of the second world war, he was very much in the wilderness. he was a man -- charlie: he spent the 1930's and the wilderness. brian: he did, indeed. this is the great thing about him. he incurs, for example,

winston churchill. if hitler would drop a bomb on this patch he would destroy the entire high command of our allied forces. >> we are here to make the greatest decision of our lives. >> the invasion of france, taking the german army head on. >> i've seen this before. a quarter of a million men were cut down. >> we must spread the risk. plans for d-day have been in place for over a month. >> i don't want to make the same mistake. >> the forces are not carrying out your plans. >> we're taking care of it. you need to let us do the job. >> i beg your pardon. i am the prime minister of this country and i shall not be stopped from speaking my mind! you can't just change everything over the heads of our allies. >> they're the on ones capable of making decisions. >> i need your help. try acting like a here o winston, and maybe people believe that you are one. >> men will die. like they did on one of those ships. i'm sorry. i have no right. >> you have every right. he could be a liability as a leader. >> would y

the books are faceting pretense and a bookshelf of all the winston churchill books. that was one of the most extraordinaire friendships in american history between two leaders. and every time churchill came out with the new book, he wrote 15 million words. anytime he came up with a new book he would sign it and send it over to fdr to look at, and he would write footnotes. so winston churchill inscribed one book a fresh egg from a a faithful in. and he loved sharing those things. the two of them were very, very close. he has a whole bookcase there,, rugged kipling turkey love rudyard kipling. we have a book by robert louis stevenson have one of his favorite authors. it's a first edition and it's amazing when you open the cover there's a little watercolor right there glued into the front page with robert louis stevenson signature. he is certain that he was tickled interested with his books, naval history. he has a world-class collection of naval history books. he collected ships logs. he collected the first person manuscript. he loved books written by people who on ship

he plays winston churchill in the run—up to d—day.og that is a wounded beast. someone who has been sidelined. seen as a figurehead. he is convinced that the d—day landings operation is flawed and a dangerous and it will and possibly in tragic loss of life which recalls a previous conflict. he looks back to world war i. we seem at the beginning walking on the beach, the cd starts to turn red and he has visions of previous tragedies. —— the sea. he is attempting to convince everybody this is not a good idea. this will be the greatest campaign we have mounted. the operation will require 200,000 vehicles, 7000 sheets, swarms of planes, most essentially a quarter ofa planes, most essentially a quarter of a million men. all this will be focused in one place, taking the german army head on. that's right. no, gentlemen. this plan may be admirable in its bravery but in its risk it is foolhardy. up to 150,000 civilians will be killed. it could easily fail. we would lose in one strike most of our war material along with tens of thousands of our

martin gilbert was winston churchill's most famous biographer, a dozen books on churchill, various aspects of his life, the wilderness years and in the 20s and 30s churchill was cast aside by the conservatives in england, great britain and embarked on a new career of radio commentary and lecturing and it mirrors reagan because reagan was cast aside by his party and churchill was warning -- warned about spending his radio commentary and his columns warning about the rising threat of adolf hitler and not the isms and most people in england at the time were ignoring. reagan spent his wilderness years doing radio commentary warning about the rising threat of the soviet union. there are a lot of parallels between churchill's wilderness years and reagan's wilderness years. there are many issues we could get into later, serendipitous but also because he forced them like proposition 13 in california, other issues you are covering i am involved with, that come forward to produce his election in 1980. douglas brinkley, terrific historian who edited the reagan diary said the realm of reagan scholarsh

he plays winston churchill, which is a very big role. it is the run—up to d—day.osses are off doing their thing, he is somebody who is seen much more as a figurehead. he is convinced, in the film, that the d—day landings, the operation is very, very flawed and very, very dangerous and is going to end possibly in tragic loss of life, which recalls a previous conflict. he is sort of flashing back to world war i. we see him at the beginning, he's walking on the beach, and the sea is lapping and the sea starts to turn red and he is having visions of previous tragedies. and so the film is basically about him in the days leading up to d—day, attempting to convince everybody that this is not a good idea. here's a clip. this will be the greatest campaign yet mounted by our allied forces. operation overlord will require 200,000 vehicles, a fleet of 7,000 ships, swarms of planes, most essentially a quarter of a million men. all this will be focused in one place, taking the german army head on. that's right. no, gentlemen, no. this plan may be admirable in its bravery, but i

his entire bookshelf over that of all of the winston churchill books. that was one of the most extraordinary friendships and american history between two leaders. and every time churchill came out with a new book, every time he came out with a new book he would sign it and send it over to fdr to look at. and he would write little notes so winston churchill inscribed one book, a fresh egg from a faithful hen. and he loved sharing those things. the two of them were very close. there is a vocal case of rudyard kipling books. he loved him. also we have another favorite author here, stevenson. and a first edition here, when you open the cover there is a watercolor right there glued to the front page with lee stevens mentor. sue had certain areas he was particularly interested with his books. naval history. he is truly a world-class collection of naval history books. selected ships laws. first-person manuscripts. love books written by people that were on shift that did interesting things.whether they were circumnavigating the globe, exhibitions were major batt

more than that because until dunkirk, there was still a running quarrel between winston churchill who would bend the preferred candidate to replace the minister and he had already opened up the discussions with the italian ambassador in lond london. it's what the terms were in with a peace settlement with the. churchill was extensively against it but recognized first of all the substantial number of the members of the conservative party at any price. it's from the majority of the party still regarding nigel chamberlain that remained of their prime minister when they roam the at the replacement of the teams he was the successor to the. speed to or the public at that point. so in that cabinet she was obliged at any rate to the arguments seeking out peace terms quicker rather than not as we are already in the process of doing so. he gave them an opportunity in the cabinet and the house of commons. so it's not just the defeat also ending a. we've done the unexpected and miraculous. the harder core of its back to the united kingdom. it changed at the notion of defeat and a willingness to e

winston churchill is such a different guy. winston church chill's writing was a window it would be the stained glass in a cathedral with rays of green and red and blue shining down. in his wonderful little essay on painting, which is also worth reading, this thinking on strategy, churchill says, i honestly feel sorry for the drab colors, the browns and the grays. churchill lived life as a pageant. a cabinet member once behind chat arguing with winston in cab met meetingses is ick trying to argue with a brass band. this was a difficult book to write. i've written six books. this was the sixth. it was hard one mitchell editor read the first draft and said, this stinks, redo it. but an ed -- editor is like a spouse. you have to have a trust relationship. writing about orwell and trying to listen to him. never writes about his personal life. an introvert and writeses about his chickens more in his diaries than he writes about his wife. and i'd be trying to listen to george's little whispery vice and churchill would be marching thr

for a second so one of the interesting stories that he served pigs feet in the white house to winston churchill. and what he served were sweet and sour pigs feet. now, elon disco field is -- who was a long time butler in the white house who starts working in the hoover administration and then -- stays on well into the -- eisenhower so this is a scene that he paints. it was this type of pigs feet that he requested to be serve at the a luncheon just for the prime minister winston churchill and himself. prince martha of norway who lives in maryland during the war had a duke who often prepared pigs feet and had them brought to the president this dish. and this was sweet and sour pigs feet they had a twinkle like let's have them for the prime minister. when the luncheon was served and prime minister started to help himself he inquired what is this? he was told sir this is pigs feet he said pigs feet? i've never heard of them and then he helped himself. after tasting them he said, very good, but sort of slimy. [laughter] the president laughed and said yes they are a bit but i'm ponged of them sometim

winston churchill was here for different times -- four different times, but on june 20, 1942 was probably the most important visit. we know earlier in the day that he and fdr and harry hopkins are down in the study at springwood, and they are talking about two alloys -- the british atomic program. inearch was taking place london, which was rather difficult at the time with the constant bombarding of the city, so they were not making the progress that they were hoping to. word was coming down that the germans were rather close to developing an atomic weapon. churchill was asking fdr to bring the program and the scientist over to the united states, and fdr agrees to that. thein two months time, british nuclear program is gone, and the manhattan project was born out of that. we know they are discussing this down at springwood from churchill's memoirs, and margaret davies to please -- and these diary entries from the day, she sets the mood at top cottage. austin does not spell out the words -- while she does not spell out the words that were time,she mentions that 4:00 in the afternoon at top

he plays winston churchill, which is a very big role. it is the run—up to d—day. of wounded bear. somebody who has been sidelined. you know, the military bosses are off doing their thing, this he is somebody who is seen much more as a figurehead. he is convinced, in the film, that the d—day landings, the operation is very, very flawed and very dangerous and is going to end possibly in tragic loss of life, which recalls a previous conflict. he is sort of flashing back to world war i. we see him at the beginning, he's walking on the beach, and the sea is lapping and the sea starts to turn red and he is having visions of previous tragedies. and so the film is basically about him in the days leading up to d—day, attempting to convince everybody that this is not a good idea. here's a clip. this will be the greatest campaign we have mounted by our allied forces. operation overlord will require 200,000 vehicles, a fleet 7000 ships, swarms of planes, most essentially a quarter of a million men. all this will be focused in one place, taking the german army head on. that's

winston churchill, martin gilbert with winston churchill's most famous biographer and most important biographer wrote a dozen books on churchill andnd various aspects of his life. one of his books was called the wilderness years and it was about that time in the late 20s, early 30s when churchill was cast aside by the conservatives in england, great britain and embarked on a new career of writing and doing radio commentary and lecturing. it nears reagan in many ways because reagan and 76 had been cast aside by his party and, by the way, churchill was warned about spending most of his radid commentary in his columns warned about the rise in threat of adolf hitler not theism, thing most people in england at the time were ignoring. reagan spent his wilderness years writing, doing radio commentary, warning about the rising threat of the soviet union so there's a lot of parallels between churchill's wilderness years and reagan's wilderness years. of course, there are many, many issues that we can get into later that's serendipitous but it's also because he forced them to the four issues li

in my book about winston churchill, 1899 in south africa and general roberts who is the commander in chief that south africa has just gone an appointment and is about to head out and he gets a telegram telling him that his son had been killed, his only son and you can feel his grief. he is incredibly brave about it, but he is devastated. it's all he can do-- the person who hands it to him rights about it later in his diary and again that is the value of the primary sources saying how he thought he was about to drop to his knees, but he doesn't and he pulled himself together and in that moment you can understand who he was. you can bridge that distance and i think about even my own experiences. i grew up in a small blue-collar town in ohio, and here i am writing about winston churchill, you know. we have absolutely nothing in common. i was thinking about the ballgames and my friends were hoping for a job in a factory and he is surrounded by queens and the royal academy, royal military me and it's just a completely different world, but -- so he is taken as a prisoner of war and his ski

ungrateful and is toward politicians, it happens to everybody who stays too long and happen to winston churchill, charles de gaulle. it will happen to angela merkel and it happened to helmut kohl. >> would reunification have happened without him? >> of course. the problem that they put on that first evening as you told us was the problem that forced the germans to say, in order to keep them there, let's give them west germany. certainly as is very important element in the bigger picture. i am convinced that without helmut kohl and others whom we defended like president bush, , thisikael gorbachev process would not have been possible. i am convinced of that. befriendis ability to all of these people and trust was the keyword. they trusted him on both sides. that made it possible that these leaders, president bush on the one side and mikael gorbachev on the other side, allowed it to happen. .> there is no doubt about it helmut kohl had a talent for forging relationships that were useful later. , if youso interesting want to understand helmut kohl a little bit more to look at the strained relations

you brought up winston churchill, 77th anniversary of the battle of dun kirk. re slaughtered, and the speech that churchill gave he said we shall fight in the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields, in the streets, we shall fight in the hills, and he ended with that famous line, we shall never surrender. famous speech. i doubt theresa may's speech today will go down in history as having that kind of impact. >> look, leland, the prime minister basically said two good things. one is that she identified the threat, islamic radical ideology and movements, that's good. second, she said we need to do something else. but the entire establishment in britain and europe and partly here is not even acknowledging that we need -- that the public needs to do something about it and that the government need to work with the public to create that resistance that churchill created. leland: to that point though, president trump tweeted out saying that we need to end the political correctness, and almost every time after one of these i a taxes

in my book about winston churchill, it's the bor -- boor war. this is 1899, it's in south africa, and general roberts, he's just gotten the appointment. he's about to head out. and he gets a telegram telling him that his son has been killed, his only son. and you can feel his grief. you know, he's incredibly brave about it, but he is devastated. it's all he can do the person who hands it to him writes about it later in his diary, and again that's the value of those primary source materials saying how he thought he was about to drop to his knees, but he doesn't. and he pulls himself together. in that moment you can understand who he was. you can bridge that distance. and, you know, i think about even my own experiences. i grew up in a small, blue collar town in ohio. and here i am writing about winston churchill, you know? we have absolutely nothing in common. you know, i was thinking about, you know, football games and my friends were hoping for a job in a factory. and, you know, he's surrounded by queens and, you know, the royal academy, royal

inaudible conversations] >> is a deeply split, age wise, ethically is a different brand from winston churchill. neilshe. >> she iran on nothing. >> are dumber numbers go to hell here. ♪ hey, i'm the internet! i know a bunch of people who would love that. the internet loves what you're doing... ...so build a better website in under an hour with... ...gocentral from godaddy. the internet is waiting. start for free today at godaddy. >> stocks that are heating up this summer, charles. >> i like hanes brands, oversold, looks like it's going higher. >> adam. >> xlk, a basket of tech stocks sizzling. stick what what's working. >> big names. all right, ben. >> as always spy, the spdr's, done well the 150 years, stick with it and you'll do well over the next 150 years. >> and ben wasn it originally. [laughter] >> david asman with business. david: just about everybody was glued to this to week former fbi chief james comey was saying, but some say we should be more glued to what establishment g.o.p. leaders are saying about tax cuts and might have our economy coming unglued. hi, i'm david asman, this is

winston churchill said you can count on americans to do the right thing once they tried everything else first. we are on the way of taking public responsibility for the health care of our people. and my health care is connected to your health care because my health is connected to your health. we want the families whose kids go to school with our kids to be in a relationship with the primary care doctor and want them to get their shots and don't want them coming to school sick. public health dictates that everybody be in the system. a lot of young men, for example, think that they are too tough to go see doctors. that becomes a danger for everybody else. we need everybody to be in a relationship with a doctor. we owe that not to ourselves but to everybody. everybody in the system, everybody covered. but understand, what is coming out of the senate has nothing to do with that. the senate plan is rolling back the progress that we made under the affordable care act. like the ban on throwing people off of health care because they have a pre-existing condition or denying people insurance in

but not quite 77 years ago when winston churchill after the battle of dunkirk that the british lost said we shall fight in the hills, we shall never surrender. is it time to frame this as a war of survival? as truly a war that we made when? rather than accept as the london mayor has talked about? >> i think your mischaracterizing was being said. we cannot accept this. i don't think the london mayor suggested that i don't think teresa mae has said that. part of what they're saying is we cannot cower in fear into a bunker. we have to live our lives and use the freedoms that are available to us in the last as an example for all those people out there who might join groups like isis that there is a better way. yes, we have to confront this threat. no doubt about it. it is a clear, unquestioned threat. it's good versus evil and we need to do it but i don't think we need to frame it in those other terms. leland: we don't need to frame it as a fight against islam but we can frame it as a war against islamic extremism. to that point, we have robert driscoll on, former attorney general talking ab

clinton to was quite a story pool, because people like king george the sixth of great britain and winston churchilloth swam in that pool. eleanor roosevelt passed away wy pool, because november 1962. and when she died, this was not given over to the national park fdr's home was. her son, john, was living here at the time of her death in the stone cottage. by then, nancy and miriam had moved away and she was here for a number of years -- he was here for a number of years. then he decided to sell val-kill. it offered to the national park service and the federal government in 1970 and they were not interested. property and he sold eleanor roosevelt furniture at public auction. 1975 that a grassroots movement here in hyde park started the movement to save val-kill and make it into a national historic site. eleanor roosevelt story is not just the story of a first lady, but it's a woman activist who really devoted her life to improving the world. she had always hoped that there would be world peace someday. she's really an inspiration to women, because she was a woman of great issues that really needed t

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. >> it was all very well for winston churchill to make speeches in 1947. he had self-respect.e had enough to eat. he had a place in which to live. to plans the theater such things. in time unity was down on the list of priorities. it was supposed to stem from united nations. their lack of progress with such that when delegates from east and west set down the other, hope was so thin. how could there be a record one east block every move in its -- accord when the east block every move in this direction? in the economic chaos of the postwar period, communism saw its greatest triumph. wherever there was dissatisfaction, they could fan the flames a revolt. world revolution, the ends justified any means. in countries like czechoslovakia, infiltration overcame the obstacles. at first communist leaders pay -- paid lip service to democratic principles, treating the veterans with respect he deserves his head of state. but then, they whipped up left-wing populist feelings and to approve taking drastic measures to obtain not just the parts due to them by the votes but to take total contro

prime minister winston churchill on the crown has taken awards at the critics choice and sag awards. this weekend you can catch him as a billionaire property developer in the film "beatriz at dinner." we're glad you joined us. the conversation with john lipco coming up in just a moment. ♪ ♪ >> and by contributions to your pbs station from viewers like you. thank you. ♪ ♪ >>> always pleased to have john lithgow on this program. the prolific actress won trophies for his protraoor tra churchill and you can catch him on the big scene in the dark cam me, "beatriz at dinner." here a scene from "beatriz at dinner". >> when i first came to the united states a long type aime >> did you come legally? >> yes. >> how did that work? >> i had family on my mother eastside. >> they are all zit zcitizens. >> you work for the ins? >> i'm curious. a lot of people come here illegally. i was curious how she did it. >> i'm laughing already because i have seen this, i whispered to you when you walked on the set, i've not seen you play a guy i dislike so much, as much as i love you, i have not seen you play

inaudible conversations] >> is a deeply split, age wise, ethically is a different brand from winston churchill. >> she iran on nothing. >> are dumber numbers go to hell here. neil: up next, stocks are ready to sizzle this summer. stick around we asked people to write down the things they love to do most on these balloons. travel with my daughter. roller derby. ♪ now give up half of 'em. do i have to? this is a tough financial choice we could face when we retire. but, if we start saving even just 1% more of our annual income... we could keep doing all the things we love. prudential. bring your challenges. ... >> stocks that are heating up this summer, charles. >> i like hanes brands, oversold, looks like it's going higher. >> adam. >> xlk, a basket of tech stocks sizzling. stick what what's working. >> big names. all right, ben. >> as always spy, the spdr's, done well the 150 years, stick with it and you'll do well over the next 150 years. >> and ben was in it originally. [laughter] >> david asman with business. david: just about everybody was glued to this to week former fbi chief james comey

[laughter] so one of the other interesting stories that he serve these to winston churchill and they were sweet and sour so long time butler starts to work in the hoover administration and then wrote about this sos this is the scene that he paints. w >> this type of pigs feet he j requested just for the prime minister. who a cook often prepared in the style and she brought the president this dish. he had a twinkle in his eye he said have it for the luncheon tomorrow for these prime minister he started to help himself what is this? he was told this is a pig's feet he said i have never heard of them and helped himself he said very good pot slimy after tasting them the president said they are a bit sometimes they are fried then the prime minister says i do not think i would care for them fried, ine but one interesting dish was a cheese souffle. is anybody here a cook? what is the big concern of a souffle? so ladies and gentleman i will tell you about a miracle. [laughter] belly this miraculous cheesese souffle she made for him on the last day of his life. get she told the of ballet get

prime minister winston churchill on the crown has taken awards at the critics choice and sag awards.coming up in just a moment.

this is where fdr and prime minister winston churchill initialed the document called "the hyde park eightemoir. -- aid memoir." this memoir talked about the atomic bomb, future uses of the atomic bomb, its use against the japanese, and keeping the development of the atomic bomb secret from the russians. it was also a fun room, because this is where fdr love to have cocktails before dinner. he would love to call the cocktail hour the children's hour based off of the public -- the poem. the hour when he could bring people together to have fun and talk about the little stories you like telling -- stories he liked telling. he loved mixing the cocktails himself, because it was another thing he could do independently. it was a time he could relax and be fdr the person and not necessarily the president of the united states. after the polio, house posed a bit of a challenge for franklin delano roosevelt. there are a lot of steps here. we spoke about the rent going into the library living room, but there is a big set of stairs here. to get up of these -- up these stairs would have been difficult u

are the greatest soldier turned statesman cove rts greatest soldier turned statesman coverts winston churchillat it takes to stand up and speak. it is also white it takes to sit down and listen. and on that note, mr speaker, down and listen. and on that note, mrspeaker, i down and listen. and on that note, mr speaker, i will resume oboes. time for me to go for a moment. but join us for the week in parliament, well we'll —— where we will look at the queen's speech and the challenges facing the parliament. —— resume my post. but for now, goodbye. well, it has certainly freshened up right across the uk. well, it has certainly freshened up the right across the uk. web will soon be a distant memory. the web will soon be a distant memory. here is another look at wednesday. 35 in the south—east, 31 in cardiff. at four hours later, in some areas, more than 80 degrees drop as these at atlantic conditions start setting in. —— 2a hours later. -- 810 start setting in. —— 2a hours later. —— 810 degrees drop. and as the chicken from one of our weather watchers in kent. the rest of the country was cloudy as