women. in the last presidential race married women voted for mitt romney, single women for president obama. education, wages, social mobility, student debt, they all land on american men and women in different ways which might explain why they vote differently. but does being female, are women, black or white, rural or urban, homeowners or renters, all those other things when they walk into the voting booth, too. just as much as women. >> i don't want you to feel neglected. i like men just fine. >> president obama in rhode island was on a mission to woo the women. >> the idea that my daughters won't have the same opportunities as somebody's sons? well, that's unacceptable. that's not acceptable. [ cheering ] >> with the mid terms quickly approaching winning over women voters has been the focus for both parties. at friday's rallies obama praised their endurance in the slowly recovering economy. >> while women work hard to support themselves and their families, they're still facing unfair choi

how to get young women to the polls and young women, women generally are less likely to vote in an offear election how would you go after that vote? >> and we saw that polling that said non-married women are apathetic about the election. tactics liberals are using are not connecting with women. what will bring it home is the idea of security, security for the future for them for their children. and right now we are spending -- >> not jobs when we have -- >> job security we need a thriving economy now to be employed. we need to get spending under control we have an entitlement crisis that threatens the safety net and especially in the future. if we want to be sure of our futures and sure of those in need around us we have to get serious about making wise decisions in washington. >> eleanor how about the women who since the last election now have obamacare coverage? what are they going to go to the polls because they are so happy with their new health insurance? >> you cannot go on the affordable care act because you know, my good colleague here will argue that some people's insurance ha

some women who did not win. young woman who had a great story to tell and had tons of energy on the campaign trail and this is not the last we will see. it's fantastic we have mia love out west and shelly moore capito in west virginia we have races and ages and backgrounds. >> and steffic out of new york 30 years old a year younger who served 40 years ago. what difference is she going to make? >> we have to find out. i have differences with her on issues like equal pay she has room to learn. that is ok. i think it's more important that we have a new group of people new blood to change the culture. because i agree with delegate norton there was a sense of tension a feeling is anything going to change. i don't think anyone wants the hostility anymore. >> i want to address something sabrina said ideological points of view and hopes and dreams might not be backing up with data. the war on women rhetoric and that frame let's talk about the data. this was a republican wave no doubt in this election. however, the two r

women start following him. he's a scout and women start following his approach and start leaving the church behind. >> host: and then too. it was the beginning of the catholic -- cafeteria catholicism. you take what you want. i got a letter from someone who said well i am a catholic so i oppose abortion so i decided i had to use birth control very faithfully. wait a minute here. you are missing something. so, did you have any idea going into this about the very strong political feelings attached to the pill even today? >> guest: oh sure. you can't miss it if you read the newspapers and that was a big incentive for me and wanted to tell the story. i thought it would be great for people to understand how we got here and what it looked like before we have these options. we are still fighting over these things that sanger thought would be done with. she saw once the pill was out there everybody would see that it worked and change the world and gave women more opportunities and made women healthier and reduced abort

there are more women in school, more women running for politics, in politics, there's even women lawyers, doctors. there's -- and now we have the very first cycling team. there's been incredible progress for women. the danger is that we see security potentially sliding back .. well, and that means that women on the front lines. they are most at risk for the back sweep of security. >> a quick question. one is, how'd you get started? we've heard the middle and the end, but how'd you get started? the second is, has there been any contact with the u.s. government in afghanistan during your time there? >> so i have not contacted the u.s. government. i've gone to the embassy once in 19 visits. i do have occasionally e-mails from men who are in special forces, navy seals, the brits, the swedes, international forces that are there that reach out in support of the work that i'm doing, but i have not done any work in conjunction with the u.s. government. and in terms of how i got how i got darted, the nutshell version is i myself am the victim of jennifer violence. i was rape end when i was 19. my

it's because i believe we really deeply embody ambivalence around women's power, women's rights, women's humanity. and it's an incredible thing to say. and so the more that we can actually just face the truth of what has happened to us, it provides some sort of path to, i think, larger social justice. thank you. [applause] .. by placing multiple movements and campaigns and myriad organizations and actors over the last century they offer a robust half for contemporary activists and also renewed hope for those of us who live for as many backlashes as advancements. i can't begin to capture in ten minutes all the strength and subtleties of this book so instead i will use my time to suggest how feminism -- "feminism unfinished: a short, surprising history of american women's movements" makes clear the need to shift our metaphors. the standard conception of three oceanic waves with a more nuanced understanding offered by radio waves. garrison and i have been thinking along these lines since the late 1990s and in 2005 article based on her research on new subcultures and technologies she capture

just want to say that on behalf of the 5,000 women and girls that women's community clinic sees each year as stand alone reproductive healthca facility we support this measure. there is plenty of data th shows that supporting access to productive healthcare you're not ly improving health outcome for women and children, in particular women seeking abortion or birth control, but the population at large. i applaud your efforts into making this into san francisco law and i'm excited for a unanimous vote. thank you. >> thank you very much. next speaker. >> hello, i'm vice president of parenthood. we provide healthcare to 100,000 clients each year at 22 health centers in 20 counties and here in sa francisco we serve about 13,000 patients here year in our health centers. thank you for working tirelessly on this ordinance. thank you supervisors for cosponsoring. the u.s. supreme court's flawed decision in june striking down the buffer zone in massachusetts has exposed patients and staff at the san francisco health center to filming, blocking, insulting, following women as they approach the p

i was a women studies minor. would walk around campus and see the women with signs saying don't be quiet you are a victim let people know and there were services but i will be darned if i would report if i was violated sexually for fear of being exposed. it was something shameful and it is cultural. i grew up in a culture my parents came from an indian background you don't talk about sex in public when you have been violated in private. and i'm so glad that women are feeling empowered because the society we live in girls like me feel like we are not going to take it anymore. we are going to get at our attacker. >> beautiful words. having been -- >> i want to say, right, steinem said i said do we know whether there's more of it. and she said nobody knows. >> what tells its own story. i think in truth, having been at the receiving end of unfortunate rape and the receiving end of sexual abuse and the receiving end of trafficking and having gone to college, i think what we are dealing with is colleges need to embrace

for example, when they are not sane women who have abortions are career women, they are saying women who have abortions are confused. they are confused. they don't know what they're doing and being pushed around by other people. that is why we need these restrictions. i think women really need to say i wasn't confused. i wasn't pushed into this by anyone else. i made a decision. the idea, another thing is the idea about regret, a huge thing now, we all regret things we did in life. most women did not regret their abortions. every study ever done has shown most women feel a sense of relief and have done what was best for them. [applause] >> there are women who regret their abortions and go to state legislatures and tell their stories and state legislators want that abortion anyway are happy to hear from them. the point is we all regret things we have done. that is not a way to make the law. there are people who regret their divorces. nobody would say yes, mary regrets her divorce but don't make divorce illegal for everybody. that is not the way the world works. you make a decision and

should be covered -- >> the core messages of islam respect women and women's rights.e he different in women, look at them breast feeding. they're different from men doing labor work. consume who are you? you have no academic or spiritual background to talk about -- he is talking about how women are reveered as mothers in islam culture. >> this is a global problem that mothers are devalued that as seen as incompatible with equality. my word, forget it. >> all right. that's it for this edition. please follow me on twitter and visit our website, pbs.org/tothecontrary. whether you agree or think, to the contrary, see you next week. ♪ ♪ funding for "to the contrary" provided by: the cornell douglas foundation committed to encouraging stewardship of the environment, land conservation, watershed protection and eliminating harmful chemicals. additional funding provided by: the colcom foundation. the wallace genetic foundation the oak foundation. the e. rhodes and leona b. carpenter foundation. and the charles a. frueauff foundation. >> for a transcript or to see an online ver

do women have a worse sense of direction? should women pay more for health insurance?ssel: how do you meet your soul mate? at work? i met my wife at work. some people get introduced by friends or at a bar. more people meet online today. here's the ranking, 35 percent meet their spouse online. 21 percent through work. 19 percent through friends. 10 percent at school. 9 percent at a bar. 4 percent at a place of worship. what's new, of course, that a third of the people met online. about half of them through an internet dating site. the biggest of those is match.com. it works like most of them do. you create a profile for yourself. post pictures. say what your interests are. what you're looking for in a partner. some people post their height, religion, body type, how much money they make. the sites computer offers you some choices based on what you know about you and them. you can browse their pictures to see if they want to date. if they want to date, you make your own arrangements. does it work? well, some do as the commercials point out. >> two years later, still toget

women in particular.ost: does this have to be a cultural shift? guest: it has to be a cultural shift in terms of how proactively are. most public opinion polls reveal they think there should be more women in government, but they do not often have a chance to elect one because she does not appear on the ballot. host: let's get to calls. john. herndon, virginia. democratic caller. caller: good morning. thank you for taking my call. i am four me angry is daughters, and i always tell them if you work hard enough, you will get paid this amount is anyone else. what makes me angry is when i see a republican congresswoman denying the equal pay for men that she works for, saying we do not need that -- the democrats are playing games. that is nothing to do with it. there are a lot of young women graduating universities, smart enough to get any position they want. way, women are the ones that raise the men, and they can do better assessment in any situation than men as far as i'm concerned. and knowd to stand up tha

why do you think women are being threatened in this exchange. >> i think women are perceived as threatening because we're asking for games to be more inclusive. we're asking for games to acknowledge that we exist and we love games. >> stephen: why not have a separate game. separate but equal game. [laughter] >> well we do have lots of different kinds of games. >> stephen: what are you complaining about. >> that's one of the things that's happening here is we have this wide range of game that we're seeing mobile games, we're seeing indy games, we're seeing this influx of different kind of games and that's what gamergate is responding to. they're actually responding to the fact that you're saying gaming can no longer be this little boy's club anymore. only us women who have been playing games our whole lives. so they're rashing out because we're challenging the status quo of gaming as a male dominated space. [applause] >> stephen: you see. you hear the applause for the idea of a male dominated space. what about the aizations of collusion between designers, feminists and journalists. do you un

is women. they are also the most active segment of the people of color vote. you know, in terms of their turnout rates. and so, what we have seen in terms of the participation that we have, it's really, really dramatic. you need to actually dig deep into the numbers to see what that really means. so you highlighted at the top of the show the fact that over the last, you know, period of time, women of color have grown, you know, 12 million. that is the growth of voting eligible women, women of color. just in the last two years since 2012 t voting eligible population growth of women has been 90% women of color. so what's important is actually to look at the intersection of these two things, because what we do in the gender gap is talk about women. we talk about people of color. so our conversation tends to be all gender, no race. all race no gender. >> all the women are white. all the blacks are men. and they're all brave. >> and the women at the intersection are invisible. the report was designe

the great liberator for women. not hold and that is why we will not see an election font on the democrat terms in such a manner, where abortion is at the center of its theme. ofrican women and all americans are tired of the politics of division and grievance that have come from that elite guard. listser this, emily's endorse women who chose to remain silent on the issue of abortion the selection. that is an heard of. it used to be only republicans in previous elections that did that. and the candidates best campaign consultants told them to button it up on abortion. don't speak with it because you will be out of sync with your constituents. limited abortion as a right. clarity on abortion was the enemy for them. seen hiding from this issue is impossible. these three women were resoundingly defeated. today our more than 200 women speak out. we will work to see another favorite, mary landrieu. her attempt to great -- to gain promoting label while abortion say a lot. we believe our ground gain will help her out the do

women. >> geena davis is an official partner of u.n. women. i spoke to her when she was in i spoke to her when she was in new york working on empowering women around the world. new york working on empowering women around the world. >> you have an entire institute >> you have an entire institute in your name that studies gender roles in media. in your name that studies gender roles in media. what led you to this? what led you to this? >> well, >> well, the final impetus was the final impetus was my daughter. my daughter. when she was a toddler i started when she was a toddler i started watching preschool shows and watching preschool shows and kids movies with her. kids movies with her. think because of some of the think because of some of the roles that i played that spoke roles that i played that spoke to women a little bit i had a to women a little bit i had a heightened awareness of how heightened awareness of how women are women are portrayed in the portrayed in the media, so i immediately noticed media, so i immediately noticed that there

>> women in politics. they commissioned him to write in umber of pieces, i read one of his memoirs that he was writing about new jersey. natural history, i suppose. coastline bout the and things like that. >> have you been able to get some conclusions from the research he have done so far? the research to queue in a different direction? idea that the magazine was trying to negotiate its from a modern outlook, for modern progressive women negotiating new roles. women who are interested in interior design and fashion, and recipe could also be interested in politics, art and literature. kind of emphasis combined with this confident localism is what characterises the magazine. very interesting for me because of that we associatemodern writing with cosmopolitan paris and new york. also the sense that the fashion came from paris, but there is combined with his new jersey regional interest. that we s the idea thought is cosmopolitan. >> was the original subjeect for a ph.d.? is female modernist writers, and how t

war on women, war for women, democrat, republican, how is the women's vote going to impact this? there was a lot of this emphasis on the notion that there was women's issues that reproductive rights principally would be a women's issue, does that change with women on the hill? >> prioritizing to women children and families. but we do know that women are making a difference on a host of other things including the economy, not just reproductive issues but issues like economics, jobs, national security, a range of issues. so i think it's a little bit of both, right? women are making a difference on these issues and the issues that may matter specifically to women, but they also are having a voice and a different voice and different perspective on issues that are really the most important issues facing the whole country. >> kelly ditmer from the center for american women and politics adat rutgers. thank you. >>> thank you. >> away from american politics, it's gotten cold outside, very cold and very suddenlily. suddenly. what's next? and a warm embrace on a cold night. >> this is a fa

women.commission produced a report in 1963 that revealed things like the fact that women earned 59 cents for every dollar that men earned. that women were kept out of the most lucrative professional positions. >> women couldn't open a bank account in their own name. they couldn't get credit. they certainly couldn't open their own business. >> women couldn't serve on juries in some states. >> there was one kind of disadvantage after another that was revealed altogether in this one report. >> perhaps you would be willing to tell the people what you feel is the real need for it. >> we want to be sure that the women are used as effectively as they can to provide a better life for our people, in addition to meeting their primary responsibility, which is in the home. >> women's position as it had traditionally been was that they were husband's helpmates. >> jack, what is your definition of a husband? >> i think it's like driving the horse. and he's got to hold the reins. there are just a couple of

women. i spoke to her when she was in new york working on empowering women around the world. >> you have an entire institute in your name that studies gender roles in media. what led you to this? >> well, the final impetus was my daughter. when she was a toddler i started watching preschool shows and kids movies with her. think because of some of the roles that i played that spoke to women a little bit i had a heightened awareness of how women are portrayed in the media, so i immediately noticed that there seemed to be far fewer female characters than male characters that was made for kids. i couldn't believe it in the 21st therapy i thought we should be showing kids boys and girls sharing the sandbox equally. i didn't intend to create an institute around t but i found that nobody else seems to be noticing, none of my friends seemed to be noticing how few female characters until i pointed it out. in the industry, if i had meetings with the studio executives or something like that, i would as

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while women read it, i don't they were necessarily active women. they were perhaps progressive in their mindset. certainly some of the women could turn it into the magazine had been involved in the suffrage movement and were still active feminists. who would have been her contemporaries in terms of other women writers? her contemporaries in some of the more major mexicans would bend with the parker and and missing principle a. those figures. there are comparisons to be made. lidia steptoe, writing for ," there is a commonality between their sort of sophisticated, knowing tip of writing that would respond to the readers, perhaps satirizing them. >> was gina barnes in touch with these other women writers, or did she have any personal relationships with them? >> dorothy parker, i don't think so. edna, she would have been in greenwich village at the same time as her in the teens. later on, she is in paris in the 1920's and in and out of the same circles as james joyce and ezra pound and other key figures of the period. >> tell us what you found in the

women. i spoke to her when she was in new york working on empowering women around the world. >> you have an entire institute in your name that studies gender roles in media. what led you to this? >> well, the final impetus was my daughter. when she was a toddler i started watching preschool shows and kids movies with her. think because of some of the roles that i played that spoke to women a little bit i had a heightened awareness of how women are portrayed in the media, so i immediately noticed that there seemed to be far fewer female characters than male characters that was made for kids. i couldn't believe it in the 21st therapy i thought we should be showing kids boys and girls sharing the sandbox equally. i didn't intend to create an institute around t but i found that nobody else seems to be noticing, none of my friends seemed to be noticing how few female characters until i pointed it out. in the industry, if i had meetings with the studio executives or something like that, i would as

women are widely admiring other women who work outside the home. while the overlay of the cold war 1950's is grounded in patriotism, heterosexuality, traditional values, religion, marriage, motherhood, and fatherhood, the underlay, the undercurrent is going in a slightly different direction. and as you will see as we move in the weeks ahead, this sort of crack in the cold war edifice begins with challenging and changing perspectives of sexual behavior. eventually it will become more political. eventually it will deal with more racial issues and eventually it will explode in the 1960's. but the seedbed of the counterculture of the 1960's , which totally challenges the cold war, can be quite seen quite clearly in the early efforts of these dissenters from traditional sexual and cultural values in the 1940's and 1950's. that is our lecture today. i thank you all for attending. are there any questions before we finish? ok. see you next week. thank you. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption cont

of women. undermined claims for civil rights. if black women had to go out to work, but white women did not, then what you are doing is creating a situation of inequality are black women vis-a-vis white women. this politics of perspective billet was not even -- i just talked about work, but that's not really where it is. it had a lot to do with wearing a red dress or not, frankly. these are the kinds of things that i spent some time looking at. when we talk about sexism and civil rights and political representation in that time, i think that the other way to think about this in terms of randolph -- you said it too, very well -- i know you could call randolph all sorts of things based on his political philosophy. his social outlook, his goals, his beliefs. i like to think of him as an organizer. i think approaching him as somebody who was in some ways the consummate political organizer, this gives us a different view of the way he organized movements, the way he approached the participation of w

i understand who these women are. so, who better to send in and talk to them than someone who's been through it? and that's what i do. >> it's a little after 1:00 p.m. when the task force sets up in a hotel near o'hare airport. this strip of hotels and motels is a well-known hotspot for the business of sex for sale in cook county. male undercovers in one room begin making contact with women advertising sex for sale on backpage.com. >> hi, this is tim. i'm looking at your ad on backpage. i'm hoping you're available some time today. would you be willing to come to me? i'm at a hotel in schiller park. >> meanwhile, in a room across the hall, female undercovers post fake ads for sex on backpage and lure johns to the hotel. >> are you going to come visit me? what time are you looking at? okay. i charge $90, frank, for a full service for one hour, is that okay with you? >> he's calling for a date for tonight, wants to know if i do greek, which is common term for anal sex. >> i'm in the o'hare area. >> okay. i can't wait to

women. i spoke to her when she was in new york working on empowering women around the world. >> you have an intire institute in your name that studies gender roles in media. what led you to this? the final impetus was my daughter. when she was a toddler i started watching preschool shows and kids movies with her. think because of some of the roles that i played that spoke to women a little bit i had a heightened awareness of how women are portrayed in the media, so i immediately noticed that there seemed to be far fewer female characters than male characters that was made for kids. i couldn't believe it in the 21st therapy i thought we should be showing kids boys and girls sharing the sandbox equally. i didn't intend to create an institute around t but i found that nobody else seems to be noticing, none of my friends seemed to be noticing how few female characters until i pointed it out. in the industry, if i had meetings with the studio executives or something like that, i would ask have yo

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and there are differences between married women or older women and single women and younger women. and in some senses that's the fascinating part. we don't spend enough time on that i think. >> one of the other things i'm us a interested in is about early voting. we'll talk about that in our next go round and find out whether that had any time. back over to judy. >> thank you. and speaking of gender and we like women and men around here, political editor lisa desjardins has take an look at why female voters so critical and getting lots of attention. >> in campaign land, it is the year of the women. >> i will always stand with our women. >> i've helped women in the military. >> we're taking our message the women voters. >> i trust women to make their own decisions. >> if that's not enough for you, candidates are providing a slew of relatable women in their ads. why all this female friendliness? the simplest reason, more women vote. in the past five mid-terms, women have outnumbered men nationally by about five million votes each time. and exit polls tell us some interesting things a

women, mostly, women who live on less than $1 a day.have experienced hunger, disease, and all that comes with that. this is a ten year old nonprofit organization that works with women in uganda to empower them economically and socially through the creation of small businesses. the core of our original business training was women who come in and earn income, through bead making, out of recycled i be paper, and those are the products that we sell to fund all our work. when the women come into our programs, they are living on $1 a day. they have absolutely no disposable income. so the first training components of the program will actually give them all the components they need because they don't have the spendable income to produce that. once they start selling once they have a little bit of cash in their hands it is their responsibility to purchase their supplies in the local market and this has a dual effect. one is it starts helping them to run a business, it is their eventually goal to start their own business, you can graduate from be

>> these women are being paroled.back. >> a parolee will leave with is personal property and generally $200. unless they have saved money or have had family and friends that have sent money for their trust account to give them something for a start. >> for many the prospect of leaving valley state on parole doesn't bring hope but fear. for inmates a life in prison is all they know. >> i am scared to get out. i don't know what i am going to do. i know how different i am now. it's a weird experience. >> i don't feel i am a good person because of the things i have done. they will let you become part of society again. part of me doesn't ever want to be part of society. >> i think some of them actually like it here. they get their families -- create their families here, their friends. it's like a reunion. thps their comfort zone. >> it's traumatizing zwrous look 19 engineers down the road when i am eligible for parole. won't be able to collect ssi. any vocation i take now won't be any good. technology changes every day. i

but single women have to do it all, all the time. >> and another issue democrats talked, the war on women didn't talk about economic justice, how to grow the economy, they didn't talk about the stresses that single women face, how to pay back student loans, how to get a job. they didn't talk about that at all in this campaign. >> you're right. with good point of purchase products at the check-out counter, but not shelves of the meat and potatoes stuff. >> i think there's a couple issues. first we want to separate turn-out from democratic performance. so when it comes to turn-out, unmarried women are voting in very similar percentages as they do in previous mid terms. so -- >> a little down? >> a little down. but that's not what caused democratic losses this time around. >> i know that. >> it's democratic performance that really dropped. meanwhile, women overall improved their democratic performance relative to the last midterm. so that's just some context in terms of where women are. i think in the last few years, we've seen an expansion of what we think of as women's issues. it's not jus

of women -- the majority of minimum-wage wage workers are women, it will mean there are more consumers for north carolina businesses and more security for north carolina families. republicans will tell you that raising the minimum wage will kill jobs. they always say that. they get proven wrong every time. when my husband was president, he advocated for and signed a minimum wage increase. itoted for one because actually lives the people who are working hard and it lifts people up further and further, millions of new jobs are created, more people get into the middle class. that is what it means to be fro -- to be profamily and that is why she has a comprehensive land for better jobs, better wages, and better schools. hard or whattening the republican alternative is. the best i can hear, because it is a failedaint economic theory that will hurt middle-class families, more trickle-down economics, more divisive politics, tax cuts for companies that ship jobs overseas while you are left paying. you know it's not going to work. it hasn't been working. it will not work now. north carolina has

b she is one of the women who kind of is pushingu the story of women of congress. if you're interested in this topic, you can learn more by going to our website which is history.house.gov. the women in congress publication along with the artifacts we do not have on the table today is available on the site. this was the first of a two-part program. you can view this and all other american artifact programs on our website, c-span.org/history. >> each week, american history erica" bringsi you archival films that help

the pay gap is even greater for african-american women and latina women f. you're an african-american woman, you earn 64 cents on the dollar and if you're a latina, you earn 56 cents on the dollar. women comprise more than 50% of the labor force in the united states and the consequence of wage discrimination are not only wrong, but it means beyond the impact on women that it actually impacts all of us. in san francisco where we are experiencing an affordability crisis, it means that women and their families are having a harder time paying rent, securing quality health care, paying for child care, and saving for a rainy day or retirement. eliminating wage discrimination is not only a matter of fairness. it will have real material impacts on women, their families, and society as a whole. my legislation will take a step and it's only a step in ensuring that taxpayer dollars that we as a city spend are actually spent on contractors that pay women equally for the work they do. last year the city and county of san francisco paid $5.2 billion to vendors. if we were

a situation of inequality of black women, vis-a-vis white women. and this politics of respectability was not even, i just talked about work, but that's not so much where it is, it had a lot to do with public behaviors, it had a lot to do with roseanna carruthers tucker too. when we talk about political representation in that time, i think the other way to think about this in terms of randolph, and i think you said it too very well cornellous, is that i know you can call randolph all sorts of things based on his political outlook, his goals, his beliefs, but i like to think of him as an organizerer, and i think approaching him as someone who was in some ways the consummate political organizers, that this gives us a different view of the way he organized movements, the way he approached the participation of women in those movements and basically the ways that women themselves viewed him and their role in those movements. what he thought was, in other words, that despite all these ---he had these many victories, and of course he had a few spectacular

navy wants to allow enlisted women to serve as submariners. the full plate is under review by congress but some female veterans are concerned. they cite the long months at sea and extremely close quarters as precursors of sexual assault. tanya moa moseley reports. >> no women allowed until four years ago. when the u.s. navy allowed female officers board ballistic missile submarines. >> serve he on a crew of almost 150 men when i asked her, whether that concerned her? >> we are all respected officers, i rep rp the respect d they respect me. >> a nuclear submarine, its space is at a premium. this officer's rec room doubles as an emergency surgical center. >> this is what we call the supply shack, this is where our logistic sphicialts worlogisti . >> no windows, no privacy,. >> here is an example of the living quarters. the hallways are about two feet wide. around the corner here is a stateroom. this is where the officers often sleep and spend personal times. here's one of their beds. there's often three of them to a room. when enlisted women are

i've seen women o.d. >> more than 80% of the women at valley state are in for drug-related offenses. >> i used to use heroin, started at 16 using it. >> i'm addicted to crack cocaine. >> heroin. >> i've been using since i was 12 years old. >> substance abuse is an underlying factor of most of the crimes that are committed by the women here because in order to support their drug habits, you end up committing burglaries, petty theft, various crimes that will result in a felony conviction. and as a result they end up in prison. >> what you mean you need some more food? starving like what? >> like i'm eight months pregnant. >> you're what? >> eight months pregnant. >> let me see. oh, you are, aren't you? >> gloria henry is the warden at valley state. she's run this prison since 2002 and has been working with women in corrections for more than 20 years. >> i have always felt like i have a responsibility to try and return them to the community better than they were when they came in. because you have a lot of these women who come in here, from the time they were little girls, they had nobo

>> inside the a and y health center, inspectors find a dozen women.t all are working without massage licenses or dressed improperly for work. they also recovered two used condoms from a trash can in the bathroom, underscoring suspicion that sex for sale is on the menu here. >> is there any doubt in your mind they are selling sex? >> no doubt in my mind. no doubt. we'd like to have somebody come forward in a place like that. then we would have more power. >> is she free to come and go. >> to that end sergeant flores interviews the women working at a and y tonight looking for any indication they are compelled to serve here against their will. >> you treat her good? >> yeah. >> good to them. >> one by one, the women try to dismiss investigators' concerns about trafficking. >> anyone forcing her to work here? police say foreign women, like these, are frequently reluctant to come forward for a number of reasons. >> did she do massages today. >> even though they know san francisco is the sanctuary city, the myth is out there that if you say anything to the

women, mostly, women who live on less than $1 a day.n who have experienced hunger, disease, and all that comes with that. this is a ten year old organization that works with ugandan women to empower them economically. women who come in and earn income, through bead making, when the women come into our programs, they are living on $1 a day. they have absolutely no disposable income. once they start selling once they have a little bit of cash in their hands it is their responsibility to purchase their supplies in the local market and this has a dual effect. one is it starts helping them to run a business, it is their eventually goal to start their own business, you can graduate from bead for life and support your family in the future. >> sometimes, we can get this from the training we attain. >> but we are limited by the number of people we can serve in these programs. so a couple of years ago, we launched our street business school and the issue is, the way we work with women in what we've developed our product based programs and taking