million american soldiers saw combat in france. >> i am the executive director of this, president woodrow wilson house, the site of the national trust for historic preservation here in washington dc. this home is the home to which president and mrs. wilson moved to the very day that they left the white house in 1921. the home itself was built in 1969 the wilson's acquired it in december 1920, knowing that they would be leaving the white house and decided to remain in washington dc. this home is a time capsule, basically taking us back about 100 years, and it allows us to see the way that the world was then, we sometimes have the illusion that people in history were very much like us, only they wore gaudy clothes or something, but actually the wilson's lived in an era when americans felt differently about themselves, about america's role in the world, when society was different, and the artifacts in this house i think open a door into that world. and, i would like to help us do that today by looking at a couple of the artifacts in this home, telling the story about america's involvement with worl

woodrow wilson told us to be impartial. but, there is another thing that woodrow wilson said that i actually think is a little bit more revealing of what is going to happen. in that same neutrality address he said, the effect of the war upon the united states will depend on what american citizens say and do. recognizing, right from the very beginning, that the government can say that america is neutral, right? america can say that we have a policy of treating both sides the same. but what the government does is only going to be one side of the story. what american people decide to do, that is going to really tell the tale of how america behaves in this so-called period of neutrality. now, what do the american people do? again, there are well-known parts of this story and lesser -known parts. we know for instance that the banks, american banks, lend overwhelmingly to the allies side. that is a law known part of the story. we know that american manufacturers sell their goods overwhelmingly to the airlines best to the allies,

woodrow wilson did get the message, by the way. it was not just them changing his mind.it was partly an electoral issue. it was a midterm election and he realized women would vote for his opponent if he did not give them the vote. he also realized women were fuller people than he had realized. he spoke to the u.s. senate -- by the way, a dozen or more other countries had passed the vote for women, including germany, austria, bolshevik russia, great britain. the u.s. was starting to look bad. he said, are we alone to refuse to learn the lesson? we cannot isolate our thought from the rest of the world. we must either conform or resign the leadership of noble -- liberal minds to others. so we came out on behalf of women's suffrage. the women immediately took this up. wilson said it is time to grant suffrage but it did not happen before that fateful moment, the midterm elections. when woodrow wilson went to france, he knew the people coming into office would be people who did not support his international programs, people like henry cabot lodge, for example. back in france,

hand were ardent zionists now the british were very suspicious of woodrow wilson although the united states had already entered the war and the british were also very suspicious of the huge amount of german and german immigrants in the end states and irish immigrants in the united states that were opposed to britain and the british empire so what they wanted to do was somehow get the united states to make sure the united states stayed on board in the first world world war and what that of course entailed was making sure that woodrow wilson's top advisers kept on pushing him giving him a goal or giving them a goal to fight for to the bitter end. and the other power the british wanted to keep happy was russian. the idea that the british thought most that many of the bolsheviks had jewish backgrounds beyond trustees a real name was bronstein after all and what the british thought once you scratch these people underneath it really jewish so therefore what we've got to do. we've got to give venice something that will a piece of them to make sure that they would stay in the war and fight t

woodrow wilson was anti-suffrage. he came up with a lot of reasons to be anti-suffrage over the years before he finally caved. at the time of his election in 1912 he was still kind of clinging to i haven't learned a lot about it. just the lamest excuse for any politician, right? also in 1912 william howard taft of the running as a republican for re-election and teddy roosevelt was running a third party and the progressive party supported suffrage. teddy roosevelt did better than taft and he's still the best third-party candidate ever in a presidential election. so electing woodrow wilson and the democrats who were very vocally anti-suffrage really set the movement on its heels a little bit, and the american movement was languishing and in need of something that would really give them a shot in the arm. so this idea of a parade on the same weekend, and from the legislative branch right down the middle of federal washington and right down pennsylvania avenue. this had never happened before. this was the first civil righ

if he does not run against woodrow wilson and that is to become chief justice of the supreme court. he says wilson will never support me and he is told by another supreme court justice he will, he wants you on the court. it is a very complex and interesting and machiavellian story. we don't have tapes like the nixon tapes but we have something remarkable, we have transcripts of conversations between the chicago conventions and tr's subordinates, lieutenants at sagamore hill where every word is taken down. so we really know what tr was saying to people, an unusual way in privacy. he's playing all sorts of crazy things. >> did he wants to be bagged by the republicans to get the nomination? it seemed like he really wanted it but he wasn't going to say i wanted to be asked to please be our savior. >> one of his associates said people think tr had a tough hide and was impervious to criticism. people who really knew him, this was incorrect. he was very sensitive to criticism. he was sensitive to failure. when he finishes third for the new york city mayoral election in the 19th century he i

michael: hard to speculate he was very close to the ram bunktious theodore roosevelt who hated woodrow wilson. but the one thing to be ware of. onwild row wilson was vastly overrated. he was a racist, a throw-back not a man of his times. his two predecessors were far more progressive on civil rights, which was someone who gave comfort to racist of this country showed birth of the nation showing the klu klux klan in the white house. but wilson campaigned for election in 1916 just as our -- he kept us out of war, he knew we were going to get involved in that war early in the second term and he was telling a falsehoot hood and what drives me crazy in that very close election of 1916, the people who made the difference were voters in california, specificallyal women in california, who could vote in 1916. and they from everything we know, hated the idea of war, loved the idea of peace, voted for wilson because they i dealistically expected violencen to bring them peace, and very soon wilson brought them war and i hate for our democracy to see a president elected under false pretenses and you can i

woodrow wilson, who feared that war would prove an enemy of liberty, has compromised with that enemy. in the promising autumn of 1918, the nation has not sensed this. what americans feel is an irresistible strength of purpose. the army is on the march in france. the nation is in step over here. >> you can watch the ceremony here all weekend, every weekend on c-span 3. >> monday night, on the communicators, verizon senior vice president and chief network officer nicky palmer on verizon's push to implement 5g. she is interviewed by david mccabe. >> what is different about five be -- 5g? it gives us new currencies on which to develop services. what i mean by that is five g networks give us massive speed and bandwidth, 20 times the speed on average to 4g networks, and about a thousand times the bandwidth. because the way we are deploying it, and clayton knows, we are calling it old truck wide -- usingwide brand as we are spectrum and the millimeterwave range and there is a lot of it. when you have a lot of spectrum, what that translates to is speed and throughput. communicators" on c-span

of war, president woodrow wilson was under pressure to declare war on germany. to participation in world war i -- next on american history tv, journalist and author will england discusses the legacy of these events in his book. the harry s truman presidential library and museum hosted this hour-long program. >> evening everybody. my name's mark adams. i'm the education director here. welcome to our program. [cheers & applause] >> thank you. as you can tell, we've got excited people in our audience. i should explain that to the rest of the group that's here. this week is our 15th annual teacher conference at the truman library and we have 55 teachers here from 17 states. they have decided to be the cheerleaders at the front of the crowd. that's great. we really do want to make sure that we pay tribute to our sponsors tonight for our program. the truman library institute is our not-for-profit partner. they funded the truman library teacher conference i just mentioned and also this program tonight. the national world war i museum and memorial, which i'll introduce

woodrow wilson is an example how not to be a president of war, and i gave some of my wilson chapterss i did other chapters to a noted wilson scholar who thought i was harsh on wilson. one of his comments in the margins, you would at least consider deleting the words conceited and messiahnic? [laughter] >> if you want one thing from woodrow wilson, to explain the war and why we're fighting it. world 1 was the first time we were fighting away-- and he had isolation, stayed in the white house, didn't talk much. and finally at the end he says, surprise, this is a war to end all wars and to make the world safe for democracy, plus i want a league of nations. worthy aim, how do you achieve it? he left for europe for months at a time. left the discussion of the league of nation to his enemies, like henry cabot lodge, making it impossible for the league of nations to be approved by the senate, leading to adolf hitler and leading to world war ii. the other thing at that sticks in my craw, 1916 wilson won this hair-breadth reelection and almost lost largely because of california, guess who allo

and as you can see here, the requested byf war woodrow wilson and given on april 6. like to just take you into our first section of the war.it, arguing over the idea here is to demonstrate, argumentsind of americans are having as the war in europe and elsewhere, what we're doing in terms of humanitarian aid, in building our military and how we're responding to provocations that are occurring internationally. and in terms of provocations, the most obvious one is the in may of 1915. tos is a poster meant encourage enlistment in the they had done after the sinking in 1917. but you see even two years still using the image of this to encourage american enlistmen. now this raises a number of questions for americans and for the american government. one, what does it mean to be a neutral nation? when you're trading with the you truly neutral? and if you are, are you subject unrestricted submarine warfare that the germans are unleashing on the open seas? >> two, what do you owe to your citizens who might be traveling abroad? sunk, over 120 americans died but the u.s. governme

you have on the right a nobel peace prize awarded to woodrow wilson.y, i have had conversations of what would this be worth. just as an aside, one of the people in our rare books collection used to work at an institution where they oversaw nobel prizes in physics and things like that. an obscure nobel prize in physics sold for a couple million. you can imagine what the nobel peace prize given to woodrow wilson in 1919 might be worth. whether he deserved it is another matter. whether or not it is worth tens of millions is up to capitalism. to your left, the governor of poland awarding woodrow wilson the order of the white eagle. as you know, presidents cannot accept gifts from foreign entities while in office -- i believe. he had to wait until he was out of office to accept it. behind that, you have the italian government awarding wilson for his service at the versailles treaty and the paris peace conference. just kind of a visual of these changes. you see this map of the middle east. you see things like the undesirable limits of turkey. you're not sure

hand were ardent zionists now the british were very suspicious of woodrow wilson although the united states had already entered the war and the british were also very suspicious of the huge amount of german and german immigrants in the end states and irish immigrants in the united states that were opposed to britain and the british empire so what they wanted to do was somehow get the united states to make sure the united states stayed on board in the first world world war and what that of course entailed was making sure that woodrow wilson's top advisers kept on pushing him giving him a goal a giving them a goal to fight for to the bitter end. and the other power the british wanted to keep happy was russian. the idea that the british thought most and many of the bolsheviks had jewish backgrounds be on trustees real name was prophesied after all and what the british thought once you scratch these people underneath it really jewish so therefore what we've got to do is we've got to give them something that will a piece of them to make sure that they would stay in the war and fight to th

this park features president woodrow wilson and starts with a tour of items from the great war on display, the treaty of versailles which brought an end of the war and how it was received by the american public. after that, president wilson's decision in 1917 to enter world war i, his views on human rights, world affairs, democracy and america's role in the world. then a look at the events that brought the u.s. into the war from the national world war i museum in kansas city, missouri. each week american artifacts takes you to museums and historic places. we visited woodrow wilson's house in washington, d.c. where the 28th president retired in 1921 after leading the nation through world war i and its diplomatic aftermath. he died here three years later.

hand were ardent zionists now the british were very suspicious of woodrow wilson although the united states had already entered the war and the british were also very suspicious of the huge amount of german and german immigrants in the in the states and irish immigrants in the united states that were opposed to britain and the british empire so what they wanted to do was somehow get the united states to make sure the united states stayed on board in the first world world war and what that of course entailed was making sure that woodrow wilson's top advisers kept on pushing him giving him a goal or giving them a goal to fight for to the bitter end. and the other power the british wanted to keep happy was russian. the idea that the british thought most that many of the bolsheviks had jewish backgrounds beyond trustees' real name was bronstein after all and what the british thought once you scratch these people underneath the really jewish so therefore what we've got to do is we've got to give. then something that will a piece of them to make sure that they would stay in the war and fig

after the great war, even though woodrow wilson tried to get us involved in international politics, itwasn't the time for popular opinion to steer that direction. one of the 14 points was the creation of the league of nations, which was supposed to be an organization much like the united nations. it was going to resolve international conflicts without the need to go to war. the treaty of versailles was never ratified by the united states congress. the united states was never an official signer of the treaty of versailles. as a result, we also did not take part in regards to the league of nations. so the league of nations had no teeth, which was part of the reasons for the breakdown he eventually. breakdown, eventually. the reason that occurred was in large part to woodrow wilson who was an uncompromising individual himself. he did not bring any republican members of congress with him to the versailles peace talks. which greatly irritated politicians and congressmen back home, which wound up leading to the versailles treaty not being ratified by congress. it would take a second world wa

>> by the end of his life he had sort of gone back but what he did not only paved the way for woodrow wilson burdock obama chose to deliver his speech with a mandate about the things he wanted to do on the progressive front. it was very liberal. this universal healthcare and he was doing it as a populace he was no longer doing it as what are the ideas for example you should be allowed to overturn judicial decisions so you can have a vote and if we don't like the judges decision we can have a referendum on that ruling too overturn that. that doesn't sound very republican. bring us up to today is donald trump a populist? walk us through why h what he i% a populist. >> guest: the donald trump that we meet in 2,000 when he runs for the reform party is a populist who says he had to run against pat buchanan because pat buchanan was a nazi who hated blacks who hated jews and he was going to run the party which was economically focused. that was going to be his focus in this pic when he was pro-choice. social issues are a distraction. e've got to focus on this stuff. it is for allegedly forging the

in december nine hundred eighteen woodrow wilson became the first sitting u.s. president to visit europe his delegation included franklin delano roosevelt assistant navy secretary and future president. wilson attended a series of preliminary negotiations ahead of the paris peace talks. wilson and his wife edith arrived in the french capital on december fourteenth the city gave them a tumultuous. welcome i. we will build a prosperous world in which all nations will enjoy the freedom for which france america england and italy have paid such a high price i must say kasha editor of the socialist newspaper humanity wrote at the time i will soon as committed to the working classes is the only politician who has discovered the language of good will and justice i. will send a democrat was first elected president in one nine hundred twelve and reelected in one thousand nine hundred sixteen during his election campaign he promised to keep america out of the european conflict. but after german submarine sank several american ships in early one nine hundred seventeen the us

page was so worried that woodrow wilson wasn't taking the events seriously that in the summer of 1960 paige came back to the united states, came to the white house and try to get a meeting with wilson who avoided him. page took the extraordinary step of going down to president wilson's home near long beach island on the jersey shore and literally waited on the presidents front porch to impress upon him the need to get the united states ready for a war. not that he wanted the united states to get involved, but a war that would involve the united states sooner or later whether we wanted it to or not. what i want to do is track that journey of page being one person from american saying this is not our fight, nothing to do with us to a point where the american people have come to the conclusion that it isn't that we want this war, it's that we run out of options and as i hope to show you, that neutrality and non-belligerence has made the united states less safe, not more. i hope to do that with you here in the next 45 minutes or so. that's why in the book when i talk about america enterin

i was fortunate enough to be one of his graduate students at another institution named woodrow wilsonp the road in princeton and what i took away from that seminar was the astonishing concept that the soviet union was not going to be around forever and i remember vividly the discussion of his assertion that the russian church was more fundamental watershed for russia than revolution. all of the students regarded that but at the end of the course and by the end of my first go-through of the icon and axei had been persuaded of that. i encountered that the soviet union was culmination of russian history hence forever, the cold war was permanent and it wouldn't be the case and in my own assignments i came to deepening understanding of that. i certainly didn't expect to be around when it had its culmination in the end of the soviet union but when it it did and i was there i certainly cannot claim to have been psychologically prepared but intellectually i was entirely comfortable and that was entirely because of that seminar i'd had earlier with a great teacher. >> thank you, wayne. [applau

woodrow wilson's campaign and he thought the new freedom contained all the good things about america that he should help channel in indiana and his speech was so radical that the trustees and the visiting members of the supreme court said there was a great controversy and he was awarded a degree. returning his mother said you don't want to practice here. you need a larger canvas to paint your life and he ended up working for firestone in akron ohio. and although this was in those days the epicenter of isolationism of regret for our involvement in the first world war and the league of nations, there was of course a governor who was a devotee of woodrow wilson and of course they penalized in the white house for the dream of the league and then who would figure largely the young franklin roosevelt ran in 1920 on the democratic ticket as well as to save the accomplishments. that was the first convention that wendell attended working for harvey firestone into that relationship was sour and he went to another law firm and attract a great deal of attention as a stalwart advocate of so much

he is going to talk about woodrow wilson and how he is going to make the world safe for democracy by leading the united states into world war i. i will just throw it over to you, you can tell us all about it. speak i think you offer coming. >> what great day it is after this past week, the weather is really terrific. i want to talk about how we got into the war in march of april of 1917 and i'm going to talk about democracy a little. democracy is a question that americans have been dealing with since at least 1776 and in the spring of 1917 i would argue this question really came into really sharp focus but first, let me just cut this a little bit, the war began in 1914, the u.s. stayed out of it, this is a picture of new york in the spring of 1917. money was pouring into the united states because of what we were selling to the europeans who were at war. we were selling bullets, barbed wire, molasses, milk, ham, bacon, mules were a big export because they were much sought after because they were much less skittish, exports tripled in the first couple years of the war, and the flow of

the latecomer to this idea was woodrow wilson. really, as a democrat -- in those days the two parties had distinct positions. the internationalists were republicans. the democrats were quote unquote isolationist. why, then, roosevelt and lodge flipped against the league, historians and intellectuals have been dying to say. the truth is, in my view it was about politics. they hated woodrow wilson, which for roosevelt he felt guilty that wilson was in power. you know why? it was his fault. he got wilson elected. his bitterness toward wilson is about that sense of responsibility. it informs so much. anyway, i said i wasn't going to do that and i did anyway. [laughter] can i just added a micro writer? it is importance to recognize wilson is the first southern president elected after the civil war. and the most cutting abuse that teddy roosevelt hurled out of that we was a copperhead. that he was surrendering illinois democrats and wanted to rip out the lincoln presidency. the same stakes in this war were the same as the civil war. tha

the latecomer to this idea was woodrow wilson. really at the democrat in those days the two parties had distinct positions. the internationalists were republicans. the democrats were quote unquote isolationist. why then roosevelt and lodge flipped against the leak . historians and intellectuals have been. no problem when they articulated themselves. the truth is in my view is about politics and i hated woodrow wilson which was in a credibly for roosevelt he felt guilty that wilson was in power. you know why? because it was his fault. he got wilson elected. his bitterness toward wilson is about that sense of responsibility. it informs so much. but anyway. i said i wasn't going to do that i did anyway. >> can i add a my cowriter is really important that to recognize wilson is the first southern president elected after the civil war. he is a surrendering, illinois democrat who wants to rip underneath the lincoln presidency. the same steak ascension the civil war there was a kind of tests we were undergoing. peace without victory tota

within an hour, woodrow wilson arrived at stoneleigh court and went up to see the justice. while the two secret service men who competed -- accompanied him waited outside the door. we will get to what they talked about in a few minutes, but we have to set the context. the united states in a war unlike any it has ever fought before. my assignment tonight is not as it has often been come to look at one particular justice. although, i will do a little of that. or to discuss one set of cases, but i will do some of that as well. rather, i have been asked to provide an overview, a context for the three remaining lectures in this series. the great war, as it is still cold in europe, began in august 1914 play war that no one wanted and that nearly everyone predicted would never happen. there was disagreement about the total number of casualties, but conservative estimates said that before the fighting ended, over 8 million soldiers and 12 million civilians had died. germany lost 1.7 million dead, and over 4 million wounded. the united states did not enter the conflict until april 1

let me ask about woodrow wilson and the comparison of u.s. involvement in world war i and what he faced compared to what fdr faced in world war ii. guest: i have a colleague who did a lot of work on wilson related to the suffrage movement, and her contention was that the president would talk to the leaders and tell them what he thought they wanted to hear, and they would all leave convinced he was on their side, and then he basically would not do anything at all. in fact he did pretty much the same thing as far as the first world war. that is why william james brian, his secretary of state, quit. bryant said neutrality is sort of like being pregnant, you cannot be a little bit neutral, you cannot be a little bit pregnant. we were sending the french and the british arms. the french in particular need the capability to make high explosives because they lacked the raw material. host: he pointed out in your book that the allies were inept on the battlefield. guest: that's correct. they were not prepared. this is a war that nobody had fought excep

but what hee did in that election, not only paved the way for woodrow wilson because they divided the republicans against them, but also barack obama chose kansas to deliver his speech for his mandate about the things he wanted to do on the present front. that was where roosevelt had done his square deal. if you go back and read what terry roosevelt was offering, it was very liberal. it was super -- it was universal healthcare. all of these things. he was doing it as a populace. he was no longer doing this as -- one of his ideas for example, you should be allowed to overturn judicial decisions. we can have a vote ifdo we don't like the judge's decision, we can have a referendum on that judicial ruling and overturn it. that's the sound very republican. >> all right. bring us up to date. is donald trump a populace? >> one 100%. hundred and 50%. >> then walk as to why he is 150% a populace. >> i'll tell you about the two double trumps. the donald trump we meet in 2000 when he runs for the report -- republic party, a populace -- he said he had to run against cannon because that cannon was

a livek loo at the wilson woodrow bridge. travel troubles on this thanksgiving eve. >> that doesn't look too bad. does it? an alert for online shoppers. am son now warning customers about a data breach. news 4 is work, for to you keep yo information fe. consumer reporter susan hoganves ith what you need to know about all this. >> reporter: doreen, do days before the biggest shopping days, amazon says names of customs may have been inadvertently closed. a technical error that now has been fixed. amazon did say that its website was ner breached messages were e-mailed today out to anyone affected o. if you did get one the company says there is really nothing you need to do you do not need to change your password. back to you. >> a mother and her son were killed in a horrible massive fire. you can see here, this bethesda home became engulfed overnight. news 4orey smith joins us from the scene. a devastating loss for this family right before the holiday. >> reporter: right. absolutely tragic for this family. we have thrown some li

and our allies to take responsibility for the loss and damage done by the war it was president woodrow wilson's january one thousand nine hundred fourteen point speech outlining ideas for conflict resolution and peace that later would lead to the treaty of versailles and contained a fission for the creation of a multi nation diplomatic group to avoid future bloodshed but upon the end of the war not all allied nations were in accord in one thousand nine hundred the senate rejected a peace treaty for the first time in its history and the us refused to join the league of nations dignitaries and leaders from almost all of the twenty seven countries who originally signed the treaty of versailles gathered again together this weekend in paris to celebrate the one hundred year anniversary of the sandy of the armistice which was the end of fighting on land sea and air peace was a concept the majority of them talked about in their speeches however it was their other words and their actions which gave us the impression of the exact opposite we will protect europeans unless we decide to create a real europ

it's exciting to do this kind of work because i look at james polk differently, james madison, woodrow wilsonally mean and friends of wilson scholars, i'm sure i drive them crazy, i don't -- even harry truman 1950, he took us into korea without asking for a war declaration from congress and that opened the war, that opened the door for later presidents to do the same thing which was not a great thing for the united states in my opinion. >> host: let's hear from one more caller and this is paula in washington, d.c., paula, you're on with historian michael beschloss. >> honored to be the last caller. michael --

woodrow wilson was one of the house and it was not unique that he would make racist comments.n unfortunate aspect of all culture at the time. here is one of the critical things. what if people vote for the president in part because of that, or vote in spite of that? buthe answer is yes impeachment is not necessarily the right mechanism to use brian:. brian:what about franklin roosevelt? mr. gerhardt: he might have lied and may be did not disclose certain things on how he was trying to help some of our allies who were under siege at the time.many in taking those liberties, he might've been using his judgment to do what he felt was best but not necessarily communicating with the congress. we could look back on that and say that was not a great thing and say it was bad. but in terms of the benefits, he was trying to protect the world against a force that was trying to come after other countries. in your background there is a lot of advice to the senate about supreme court nominees. how many of those have you been involved in and what is your criteria for doing it? mr. gerhardt: i

republicans who were going to mid those midterms in the first week of november was to impeach woodrow wilson. without the corporation of the british and -- without the cooperation with british and french, the american soldiers were fighting alongside them, american soldiers fought with french equipment in world war i. wilson is negotiating on his terms with germany. and it's out of that process that we get to the armistice of 11 november. contrast with 1945 for the war ended when there is literally no living german between the advancing red army and the american gis. so messy is the battlefield in which they meet that it took three days to clean it up enough for time magazine to take photos. the germans had blown up a bridge, including women and children in a convoy. the russians and americans met there in 45. in 1918, it's an emergent german democracy which negotiates that piece. it's the last thing -- it's evident that it will be disappointing. that kind of negotiating, piece out of the mail -- maelstrom, the horror of the war that took tens of thousands of lives. you have to be kidding yo

within an hour, woodrow wilson arrived at stoneleigh court and went up to see the justice while the two servicemen -- the two secret service men waited outside the door. we will get to what they talked about in a few minutes. we have to set the context. the united states in a war unlike any at ever fought before. my assignment tonight is not as it has often been, to look at one particular justice. although i will do a little of that. or discuss one set of cases. i will do some of that as well. i have been asked to provide an overview, a context for the three remaining lectures in this series. as it is still called in europe, began in august -- began on august 1914. -- in august 1914. there was disagreement about the total number of casualties. the conservative estimate said before the fighting ended, over 8 million soldiers and 12 million civilians had died. germany lost 1.7 million dead. over 4 million wounded. enterited states did not the conflict until april 1917. the first troops arrived in france the following september. in the 14 months before the armistice, 50,000 americans lost

the truth is in my view it was about politics and they hated woodrow wilson which were roosevelt by theay he felt guilty that roosevelt was in power because it was his fault. he got wilson elected in his bitterness is about that sense of responsibility and informed so much else. i said i wasn't going to do that and then i did it anyway. it's important to recognize wilson is the first president elected from the southern since the war and the abuse is that you are surrendering to wants to direct the fallout from the lincoln presidency. it's literally adopted a slogan you. he's the one to lead them into the war. we don't have that much time, five minutes at the end or two minutes at the end to get some closing remarks. a lightning round for the second abn -- lady in this row. to put the pieces together and connect through to today. for the entire government white house structure it has no structure he, no strategic plan especially in the foreign policy or the economic policy everything is just ad hoc and i see things tumbling down making for even greater chaos. >> as a reference for my que

. >>> elected to his second term with the slogan he kept us out of war, president woodrow wilson was under pressure to declare war on germany. to participation in world war i -- next on american history tv, journalist and author will england discusses the legacy of these events in his book. the harry s truman presidential library and museum hosted this hour-long program. >> evening everybody. my name's mark adams. i'm the education director here. welcome to our program. [cheers & applause] >> thank you. as you can tell, we've got excited people in our audience. i should explain that to the

his moral arrogance, which he may have in common with woodrow wilson, became a liability for him as aolitician. carter was trying to shape his own legacy. the camp david accord was a historic moment in foreign affairs. carter also signaled it was his moment. not a team of people. he did it. that arrogance came back to haunt him. with trump, i think you see almost the opposite of what you see with jimmy carter. you see someone who is more than happy to give himself credit and his constituents, that core group that seems to support him, seems to relish the president doing that. we have come along way from jimmy carter, who did not make it one of his characteristics, that is to say he was not conscious of trying to be arrogant and boastful. that may be part of the problem with carter. he was not aware of how it would go against him. trump is aware of it but he does not care. brian: what impact did he have on fifa? -- fisa? mr. gerhardt: we do not think about these things when we look back in history because we are thinking in big terms. dramatic stuff like war or nixon's resignation. wit

that in itself is quite historic, we need to go back a little bit further to see who president woodrow wilson was, and how he came to play such a dominant role, in the story and in the settlement, but wilson had been elected back in 1912 for the first time, an election for people of my generation which i suppose, be not necessarily your generation, you are too young for this, but those of my generation number the election of 1992, which was bill clinton, elected in part because of something of a split in the republican vote, with the third-party candidacy, >> a strong but weakened -- and president, >>> in 1912 the anomaly, a second republican on the ballot, and that was tr, having served against someone anonymously nearly 2 terms after first becoming president, with the association of missing me -- mckinley, he was remembered for many things some of his nicknames for example, the bullmoose, he liked that when he liked call himself a bullmoose, he was a very strong president when it came to foreign policy. it was under tr that the u.s. really developed its to osha navies, of coast the -- cours

his, and woodrow wilson's. and he could not tell you which left him with more scars. right? >> professor lewis, i have two questions. did the boy ever regret his close ranks editorial? and second, to what degree did his return fighting editorial sort of restore his reputation? >> well, there is a note that it was written in a hotel as he is about to leave, going somewhere to his -- and he says, you know, the board -- he just left the board meeting and it was pretty intense. but, this is just between us dear, the board is sending the boys abroad so that he can hold a pan african congress and maybe get a better reputation when he comes back that may have been a little bit snarky but in fact, it is true. i think that, du bois, very quickly, the backlash from that close ranks among people who were professional, who had sort of double and triple vision was enormous. they just could not believe that du bois had done it. the timing was so bad because, it just gave the game away. it seemed. so, yes, du bois was troubled by it. that is why he writes with the same lapidary prose, we r

come halftime, no matter the school, no matter the score, scol pride takes the field the band at woodrow wilson is no exception. but it wasn't always this way. >> good job, guys. >> reporter: seven years ago chris evans was teaching music in aell to do suburban dallas high school. >> we happened to play this hool, woodrow, in a football playoff. i kind of looked over and could tell that this was a program in need and it was very small and they were not making the highest quality sounds. there was maybe 17 15 kids total in the band. >> reporte i 15the band, a disaster, but not in his eyes. >> when we saw this band across the field i id, hey, i'm going to work there next year. >> reporter: he left the comfort of the suburbs for the challenge of city school. band had instruments but few were evenplayable. said, the first thing we need is to modernize our inventory. when i got here most o our instruments, our horns were better suited to make lamps out of. >> we're going to start with music rehearsal. >> reporter: he's the type of teacher studentsal will about decades later. energy to burn and an ii

the question that i had is, regarding the federal reserve and woodrow wilson, as far as the war, i know at one time you guys showed a slide about how the war generated a lot of money. what role did the federal reserve play under wilson? and if i'm correct, it was established prior to world war i? you. thank michael, in your book you found what? guest: the federal reserve, it establish interest rates to a certain degree, at least advised by the federal government as opposed to banks around the country coming up with their own loan rates. helplso, i think it did the financing of the war. also something called income tax, which begins, really, during the war. the income tax amendment is ratified in 1813 but it's not until the u.s. gets into the war that it becomes an important part of revenue generation in the united states. before that, the main way that the government got revenue was the terrorists on imported goods . during the war the income tax becomes an important part of federal revenue generation. so, that's another way that the war is a watershed in american history. for both of y

presidential press conferences started with woodrow wilson.in the constitution that compels a president to hold a presidential press conference, to call on somebody from cnn? anything that compels any of this? >> no, there's not. and jim acosta can't take his shoes off and walk around barefooted either because there's protocols and norms of behavior in every endeavor. i can't get on an airliner and be a stewardess and wear a pro-obamaba or pro-trump hat. they have the right to say, in this particular area, there's -- i was a professor for 35 years, and if i had hijacked a chat the way he hijacks a press conference and just sermonized or pontificated, i would be called up to the dean, and he would say, you know, you have freedom of expression, but not to violate -- mac mark do you think -- mark: do you think a lawyer in the supreme court had conducted himself in the way jim acosta had done, would be able to continue to go on and on and on -- he'd be thrown out and heldld in contempt. >> especially if he argued, especially if he got in physical