yabra as an expert on 19th century native american history, and she's got special interest in the interactions between indigenous people and people of african descent during the 19th century. so her first book was race and the cherokee nation sovereignty in the 19th century, and her most recent book is called choctaw confederates the american civil war in indian country. and of course you recognize the title. that book is the subject of tonight'

yabra is able to be with us tonight. it's a wonderful book. i've enjoyed reading it. i'm looking forward to hearing the authors perspective on the book as well. and without further ado i will turn over the virtual podium to dr. yabra. so thank you very much for being with us. thank you so much and good evening everyone. it's a pleasure to be with you. if only virtually i'd like to thank you for spending some of your time with me this evening, and i'd like to thank professor paul quigley for inviting me and i'd also like to thank professor melinda miller for a really stimulating fun chat this afternoon as a prelude to my talk tonight. so i'll share some slides with you and in a moment, but first i want to just share the the introduction of my paper. then just as we started to leave here comes something across that little prairie short enough. we know they as indians the way they is writing and the way they is all strung out. they had a flag and it was all read and had a big criss-cross on it. that looked like a sawhorse. the man carrying it and rear back on it when the