president with zachary taylor in in 1940. zachary taylor died after about a year in office and millard fillmore becomes president. he is like a celebrity. that ask him to head the ticket. the interesting thing is millard fillmore is not anti-immigrant or anti capitalist. while they are holding the convention in philadelphia, the so-called city of brotherly love, millard fillmore is in the vatican meeting the pope. nobody knew that. it was not a problem. he comes back. the campaign runs. they do very well. they get 22% of the vote. one of the highest percentages in american history. what they wanted was their platform was to extend the citizenship for 25 years. at that point it was five years and if you intend to become a citizen you could vote. they want to extend this period to 25 years and take a franchise away from these immigrants. they don't become the major second party because in 1854-1855 the republican party is formed. they run for the first time in eighteen 66. john fremont is their candidate. he gets 35% of the vot

many more irish soldiers defecting had not general zachary taylor issued the order to shoot anyone who left camp, and that stopped the desertion. >> doctor, i have not read your book. i understand a lot of the basis. the war was unnecessary, and i have read some refused. basically you are stating that political means would have solved the problem of slavery. i no you're not a speculator and you don't great speculative fiction. looking after the civil war, assume for a second that it did not occur. do you think something like the great war, world war one would have resulted? >> of course we will never know the answer because you were not given that option. the united states was the only country to abolish slavery with the civil war. there were other models out there. many different scenarios that could have happened. personally i think that the lower south, the lovers of states would have wanted to stay in the group. the border states, particularly north carolina, virginia, and tennessee, would have remained in the union making it difficult for those seven states from the deep south to

but then general zachary taylor and ordered to shoot anybody who left the camp. that was not desertion. >> i have not read your book. but i understand the broad thesis that the war was unnecessary and i read some reviews basically stating the political means would have solved the problem but looking after the civil war assuming it didn't occur do you think something like world war i that slavery was not resolved before then? but the united states was the only country to abolish slavery with a civil war some of their other precedents out there. there are many different scenarios the lower south states would have stayed in a group of but the border states would have remained in the union making it difficult for the southern states to exist. very difficult to find foreign recognition but by that time slavery wasn't that very well known in the world but suddenly hundreds of thousands of slaves that essentially is free territory they lose it pretty quickly but to have a political solution, too may have a practical solution if that process had occurred near situated ov

he ran with zachary taylor in 1848. he died in the office. he becomes the president. he was like a celebrity. they ask him to head the ticket. now the interesting thing is that he's not anti-immigrant, he's not anti-catholic? while they are holding the convention in philadelphia, the so-called city of brotherly love, mr. fillmore is in the vatican meeting the pope. i guess nobody knew that in italy. it was not a problem. he comes back, the campaign runs, and they do very well. they get 22% of the vote. one the highest percents for any third party in american history. and what they wanted was their -- their platform was to extend the waiting period to citizenship for 25 years. at that point, it was five years. if you intended to become a citizen, you could vote. they want to extend this period to 25 years and take the franchise away from these immigrants. now they don't become the major second party because in 1854, 1855, the republican party is formed. they run for the first time in 1856. john freemont is their candidate. he gets 35% of the vote. the republicans in th