and is it zika or is it zika plus these other things? is it more these are the elements that were there that have led to that? have you heard about that? sonia: yes, so there have been lots of alternate theories about why we have had this rash of microcephaly in brazil. some of them are easy to say, no, that is definitely happening. the pesticide theory, to me, there is a lot of present -- there is a lot of evidence it is probably not the pesticide. the pesticide has been used in other parts of the world, and there has not been spike in microcephaly. still, could it have been used differently in these different places? somehow, because of cultural reasons or some other reasons, could those people have gotten a higher dose? or something different happened? i don't know. i think it is a mistake to dismiss these alternative theories as conspiracy theories. i think it is a mistake to just dismiss them out of hand. i think that is what we -- i think that is the sort of conventional response, especially from the global health establishment, is

it's one of the things that protects us against zika.when you think about what does it take to protect us, we need to use every tool available for us. for us it's killing baby mosquitoes, killing the adult mosquitoes which is calledded insecticides and source reduction which means final, sources of water out there and get rid of it and we need to think about every tool that's available to us and including ddt and others and people are thinking that way, what is the right tool for the right area, what is mosquito resistant to, what are they not resistant to. >> i'm christian, thank you for this presentation. dr. khan, i wonder -- as you know a number of societies have had prohibitions of consumption of animal proteins n. the faith i grew up beef and pork were forbidden. you've made the connection that there's a lot of connection between these kinds of viruses that come from animals. i wonder any studies have been done that society where is the consumption of animal protein is limited or not at all the ability to resist some of these illne

we will see zika in the united states. i'll preempt that c question,, hopefully we will not see a lot of cases that we will likely see it. let me -- thank you. you gave me a lovely, the other day. the ethics of delayed response and this goes back to some of what you talk about here. if you think about these marginalized populations, why do we see these delayed responses? we are seeing it today. the stories the last couple days is this conversation is probably better terms what the conversation between let's protect the united states against zika. nobody can decide whether the what to do and how much they want to pay for it. i often get asked, ali, should be 50 billion the cogs wants to give? the 1.9 president asked or the 1.1 against the city wants to get. i don't care what it is. pick a number but why are we having this conversation six months later? we know what's going to happen. we also know that mosquito control in the united states is not a federal function. snide even a state function. it's a city and county and dis

we will see zika in the united states. hopefully we will not see a lot of cases but we will likely see it. let me, thank you. you gave me a lovely comment the other day. the ethics of r a delayed response. i think this goes back to some of what you talked about here amongst your audience. if you think about a marginalized populations why do we see these delayed responses? we are seeing it today. the story for the last couple of days is a conversation that's probably a conversation between let's protect the united states against zika and nobody can decide whether they want to do it and how much they want to pay for it. i often get asked should it be 500 million the congress wants to givegr our 1.9 that the president asked for or the 1.1 from the senate. i don't care what it is prepaid in number but why are we having this conversation six months later? we know what's going to have been pretty also know mosquitoes control deniedve state is not a federal function and snotty but a state function prince's city county and distric

we will see zika in the united states but i will create that question. hopefully we will not see a lot of cases but we will likely see it.t. let me -- oh, thank you. he gave me our lovely comment the other day. this goes back to some of what you talk about here amongst your audience is, if you think about these marginalized populations, why do we see these delayed responses? we're seeing it today. .. i don't care what it is, pick a number but why are we having this conversation six months later? we know what'sgoing to happen . we also know mosquito control in the us is not a federal function. it's not even a state function. it's a city and county and district functionand you need to get the money to those people so they can do what they should be doing which is eliminating mosquitoes and making sure they are identifying cases and if you have the money to think about hopefully a long-term strategy would be avaccine strategy to protect pregnant women . are we funding a vaccine development for long-term and why are we having this conversation six months lat

so how have we done with zika? i don't think we done fairly well. here it is in the united states and there has been animal research on vaccines and this is the kind of thing you can vaccinate for but will probably just start testing vaccines may be in january. here in the united states we can't even put out the money to control this. there are things we can do like mosquito control and research on vaccines and congress is stuck in political games and is not giving out the money. bear in mind it's been -- the lifetime cost for caring for these kids that have microcephaly is $10 million for a lifetime. that is what we are looking at. we been incredibly pound foolish, penny wise. were not even being penny wise. we are being foolish but that is what we are looking at again and i think the other parallel that i find it striking here is that this just shows, yet again, how remarkable viruses are. ed may give us reasons to feel happy and warm and cuddly about the microbial world but i'm here to freak you out. [laughter] think about it. the zika virus has

that's way worse than ebola or zika virus. that killed hundreds of millions, maybe billions of people. wiped us out from the planet. if you have the dedication, we can actually fight these things but we can't just ignore them and pretend they will take care of themselves. >> he is a bad cop. i think what is interesting is that we are seeing these new pathogens, they come into the human population and at the beginning, it is really horrible. ... . >> yeah, i'm definitely the good cop in this scenario. i don't want to contradict any of the concerns that carl has raised about the book that i wrote, "i contain multitudes", is about the more beneficial side of the microbial world and i talked about the book i wrote "i contain multitudes" is about the microbial side and i talkow abot microbes have been with us for the longest time. we all live in the microbial world and to this day all of us depend on u microbes were health and development. every human body contains trillions, tens of trillions of bacteria and they help to build our

but now in america zika is carried by the mosquito that specializes in living and human habitations it can actually breed in a drop of water in a bottle cap so to go into the urban areas that is a perfect environment so as soon as it got into those mosquitoes it has expanded rapidly urban areas especially in the tropics. and then we disseminate them to take steamships across the atlantic with all of the navigable rivers with all of those waterways to use steam engines to build canals so 1825 erie canal opens just in time for colorado to come over from london and paris and into the entire interior of north america and that happened again and again. we are much better today with our flight network but hundreds of airports and tens of thousands of connections between all the airports in fact this is the map i have in the book you can make a map of all the cities in the world connected by direct flights if you run a flu pandemic on a map like that like a pebble dropped into the sea expanding out words. by measuring the directive flights between infected and uninfected cities that is how in

it didn't bite people that much so people didn't get a lot of zika virus but now zika virus is being carried by a mosquito that specializes in living in human habitations. it can actually breed in a drop of water in a bottle. all our plastic garbage we leave around in our urban areas are perfect environment for this mosquito to breed in and they only bite humans. as soon as zika virus got into that it started to explode. it has expanded rapidly as urban areas especially in the tropics of expanded. and then we carry these things around, we disseminate them. that started in the nineteenth century in earnest with the steam engine where we started taking steamships across the atlantic, in the rivers and connected all those waterways by using steam engines to build canals so 1825 the ear he canal had opened just in time for colorado to come from london and paris into canada into the waterways down to new york city and into the entire interior of north america and that happened again and again and again. we do much better today with our flight network. we have not just a few capital cities

and today's day and age we are talking about zika and others including that what we've learned now is zika is a laserguided missile it kills your cells and it's not just truee in babies so when it was yfirst described you were told about 20% of people get sick and get a fever if they missed to be a cook at a little headache and some red eyes and they will get better and it quickly became clear that this was a problem for pregnant women but now we know even for adult in this laser like focus we have this disease that is a neurological illness that causes weakness and we also know that even in a healthy person that can cause brain inflammation. so what we should think of as normal healthy adults that are not present it as a problem. the virus shouldn't be am, problem. it's spread by a certain type of mosquito. it isn't new to us. it's the same that spreads yellow fever. it causes 30,000 around that. and not paying attention to the people dying of yellow fever now all of a sudden we are up in arms that we have the disease due to these that seem to be infecting pregnant women. so it is a

so it is effectively zika proof. also because it is so good at manipulating its host in the ways i've talked about it is really good at spreading through the wild populations with the idea if you release a small number of these mosquitoes into the wild, then when there is a few generations, a few months in our time, the entire local population showed kerry is microbe and be unable to transmit these important human diseases. this has been tested in the laboratory and a simulated and the mathematical models and was tested in 192011 for the first time in a couple australian suburbs of. in the span of months you solve it went fromro zero to 100% of o now the organization of the pioneers this approach has been testing it in different countries around the world. they are testing the approach in brazil, t indonesia, vietnam and gearing up to release over the cities that have millions of people to see the same approach can indeed work at the larger scales whether they will spread or will dominate as much as they expected it

with zika it is mosquitoes. he spread out the chain transmission.hisere's nothing about virus that suggests it is anything other than a natural mutation and it is a reminder that we don't need all kinds of theories of biological warfare to really explain something that is natural. i think should be a wake-up call to all of us. it must be taken very seriously. >> sunday at 9:00 p.m. eastern on "afterwards" netflix director of inclusion michelle king with her book the fix. >> we are in denial about the challenges, something i discovered in my own research that there is this belief that everybody is the same because everybody is treated the same way. people have different experiences at work. with that kind of logic, we are not only denying difference but we are denying inequality. >> watch author's pandemics tonight at 11:00 eastern and afterwards with michelle king, sunday at 9:00 p.m. eastern on book tv. the president of the american medical association talked about the coronavirus outbreak. hosted by the national press club. she called on all state

play but zika was with mosquitoes and ebola was through bats for 75% of diseases you hear about the new diseases emerging diseases have an animal connection. as we move people out into the environment into the jungle they get infected and that disease has the potential done to cause person-to-person transmission such as we see with ebola or with murders which we believe is from bats and camels. having a connection with camels that's how you can get diseases so that's a price and we think about these emerging infections they tend to come from africa or south america were parts of southeast asia where you have a lot of connection with animals. bird flu is another good example where you have people in china and other parts of s the country with close to their gigsnd let close to their birds so foul and chickens and it's a great opportunity for these viruses to swap genes and infect humans ended becomes a global pandemic. those are the anbar mental conditions that lead to these infections when we keep hearing about them. i want to give a special callout to climate change is one of those

you took on zika and h1n1. explaiain the differences.s thoseg difference viruses -- i i meaean, they didt the united states b but they ner hit the united stateses heart. we were able to do variousus cah very e effective conontact trac. that i is one e thing i hahave n preaching brothers condemning is just pandemic is conontact tracg is a tool we can stop and mimitigate an outbreakak. 82820 and one,e, we had d a fews here, , something that t we nevr saw beforore as a country.. -- raramped up our emergency opoperations compopon. we did seeee a couple of deaths and we e did see a minor spread and then afterer a while it was anotheher strain of the flu. very, veryry differerent. it did give us a an oppoportunio exexercise our emergrgency preparedness ability. a little bit different. it did impact the southern part of the country butut not a major life-threatening situation with zika --not in all l cases. he much the e southern border. a different kind of s situation where he was a vectorborne virus that was transnsmitteded. it caused d sever

with zika obviously mosquitoes, with ebola it's bats, the original cause of where the virus lives andsomebody and that's how you spread out the chain of transmission and humans. >> there's nothing about this virus that suggested anything other than a natural mutation and as a reminder that we don't need all kinds of theories of biological warfare to explain something that is natural and i think to be a wake-up call to all of us that it must be taken very seriously. >> sunday at 9:00 p.m. eastern on "after words" netflix director of inclusion and former un official michelle king with her book "the fix". >> were often in denial about the challenges of women's space to work something i discovered in my own research that people Ãbthe belief that everybody is the same because everybody's treated in the same way. if people don't have different experiences of work and with that kind of logic we are not only denying difference but denying inequality. >> watch authors discussing pandemics tonight at 11:00 p.m. eastern and afterwards with michelle king sunday at 9:00 p.m. eastern on booktv on c

to work so quickly on this particular method because it spent the last 15 years working on hiv and zikadr. baruch, the director of that lab at the medical center is with us now. doctor, thank you so much. we appreciate you taking time with us. he's also a professor of medicine at harvard medical school. >>> first of all, i wanted to ask you, i know your lab developed and collaborated this. how many vaccine strategies have you crafted? i understand there's one that may be looking at dna, dna-based. there is another one for age specific. does that mean there may be a vaccine for different people? >> thank you, christi. good to be here. our group has been working on vaccine development for a variety of different viruses over the last 15 years including hiv, zika and now covid-19. the hope is to have a vaccine that will be universally applicable that could be used for all populations, because that would be the simplest way of ending the pandemic. >> i want to get into what people should expect. do you anticipate this would be a vaccine, say, similar to an annual flu vaccine, or something th

comes into play but zika obviously with mosquitoes, with ebola it's bats which are the original causeere this virus sort of lived and infects somebody and that's how you then -- 75% of the diseases that you hear about, emerging diseases are noematic, are animal connection. you move people out to the environment and jungle, they get infected and that disease has a potential then to cause person to person transmission as question see with ebola or let's say with mers which we believe is from bats and camels. if you're having contact with camels, that's how you get the disease. it's not a surprise when we see emerging infections, they come from africa, southeast asia where they have connection with animals. bird flu is another example. people in china and other parts of southeast asia who live close to pigs, live very close to birds, chickens and opportunity for viruses to swap genes and become global pandemics. those are the environmental, some set of environmental conditions why lead to infections and why we keep hearing about them. to watch the rest of the program and to find other bo

olation which is the the ideal, whether it is ebola or kind ox or zika or some of isolation and different forms of transmission and some form of stopping that transmission and testing, tracing, isolating and then, you know, we can't forget, the doctor and the mayor have not forgotten and they won't forget in rwanda either. treatment is not what people will looking at. they are not i want to see the epidemic flatten today. they are short of breath and someone they care about is not eating. they want care. e treatment part of testing, treating and tracking. it is saying we have got you. we're here to take care of you. this is not a new contact tracing initiative. it is merely to send people away. it is also to help them chase their symptoms. that needs support because as we know, if i think about the places we have been together chelsea, whether we're talking about a refugee camp or altenement or a slum, it is such a thing as it being impossible or almost impossible to socially distance so that support on top of those testing, treating, isolating, treating is really important. the good news

zika, we were able to use the same platform, which has a higher yield.t also gives us a great degree of confidence in terms of the safety as well. that the vaccine would be sold at cost. it is just for this pandemic, for the duration, or forever? joseph: our announcement was to provide this at cost during the emergency. we are simply seeking to capture manufacturing and distribution costs. we realize the pandemic is something johnson & johnson can utilize its expertise and ability to make this available. whenat does that mean for we returned to normal and people still need the vaccine? joseph: right now, the statement of johnson & johnson does not intend to make a profit on this particular vaccine during the pandemic. our came out with transparency report just last week. in oured prices pharmaceutical sector. we will act responsibly as we always do. >> we really appreciate -- as a human, i really appreciate that. talk about the consumer health products versus medical devices. you sigh drop in revenue because of covid in the first quarter. is your ability

also looking back, i know that you dealt with zika and ebola in terms of your role within the u.s. government. have any lessons been learned from that? >> it's really disturbing because after ebola we set up a directorate whose primary role was to be looking for potential outbreaks that could have a significant impact in the united states and then to make sure we have relationships with the international governments, the states, the governors and the mayors so that we could very, very quickly respond and unfortunately for whatever reason, the white house took that office down about a year after president trump came to office and so he effectively dismantled the most effective warning system that we could put in place to make sure that this kind of thing didn't happen again. >> what ways that they dealt with zika and ebola that you think could have been helpful in this situation? >> there's so many. i mean, the first is early warning. all signs were that this was going to cross borders late in december, early january. that was the moment when the u.s. government needed to start to f

they had a zika vaccine that was already invented.screwed a part of it that was specific for zika and screwed on a part for the coronavirus. >> stephen: did they use chispr to do that? >> they did not use crispr, but that was a really smart question. >> stephen: that's what i specialize in, smart questions that are not applicable. >> and yet, a smart question nevertheless. i think ultimately we're all going to be more relaxed when we have a vaccine that we know works, want million-dollar question. >> stephen: why does this take a year to a year and a half? if we have something that is possible viable in two, two and a half months, what is going on in the year, year and a half that we're waiting? >> testing. so the first phase is to see what you know, is it safe? do people get it-- s some horrie reaction? then a larger number of people in a phase two. they may combine it with phase three, to see are there any unexpected siefngs? you know, stephen, medicine is an eternally humbling profession. seriously, if you have been a doctor and yo

we had some things in between like ebola and zika but those were largely offshore threats. it,, 90 million people got 20090 people died from until 2010. not a an influenza and novel coronavirus. iat is interesting and when go back, we issued a report on everything that happened during the h1n1, we found was at the beginning of that, a lot of the pandemic plans are being used now, similar structures were beginning to be put in place. very quickly, it ramped down. the mortality rate was not going to be as high. it was not making people quite as sick either. pieces of the scary pandemic plan that were already there did not go into effect. one of the things we reported in 2011 after we studied the situation, it was a very big scare but we cannot become complacent because it was not as bad as we thought. some of the pieces of the plan that were not executed, such as this issue of what happens when we need something from the stockpile distributed. we still need to plan for the really bad scenario. host: time for one more call. this is bill in albany, new york. caller: good mornin

an example,, zika.t was relatively somethingng te health care syststem had notot expressed in the magnitutude we did a a few years ago -- experienced in the magnitude we didid a few years ago. thosose individuals, thohose children are s still being studd long-t-term to look at the effes of zika. you stilill see data coming out. similar with covid-19, this bebeing a new virus in and of itself, it is going g to take years for usus to see the longng-term effects because e we need to o follow the individuals for their entitire lifetime to actualally s see doesn''t have additional effectsts on them, nt just in the acute stage when they are infected and in the hospital w would alslso once thy get dischaharged? that is a a question that we d't have an answer t to yet. nermeen: d dr. madad, befofore e concludede, as i'mm sure you u , many people are relying on the development of a vaccine evevenf it will take from 12 to 18 months. but you u have said that even a vaccine won't be a silver bullet, as you said. wh

and when it wasn't zika it was the next outbreak. and so part of the reason that there isn't -- there is institutional memory. hospitals have this memory. the problem is to keep driving this drill and keep health care workers prepared and keep this level of readiness and takes consistent amount of funding which keeps changing every time there's a new political cycle. and so what i would think one of the things that we need to do after this is really learn the lesson that this has to be completely separated and consistently funded to make sure that we're always ready and those lessons are always in the forefront. host: let me conclude with a question in terms of the path forward. because as you've indicated, we need to maintain the social distancing. we need to find a vaccine. we need to continue with more testing. we also need medicine. so with that component, what are you looking at? what's the time frame that we would have a medicine that would treat the disease that would allow us to lead at least a more normal life over the next

-aids, through zika, through ebola, i can tell you that as often as not, the models can be misleading. so, you have to use them to the extent that they are valuable, but don't be strictly adhering to it to the point where you're going to be frozen in what you're going to do. an sreenivasan: globally, there are now more th.1 million confirmed cases of covid-19. in spain, officials announcedin 7,000 new fections, putting spain behind only the unite states in thnumber of people who have contracted the virus. ofcis also announced that today 809 people died in the last 24 hours, bringing the totato more than 11,700. but, despite the grim totals, there are signs that the tbreak is slowing in spain; the daily death toll was the lowest in a week. counries around the world also continued imposing lockdowns to help stop the sprs.d of the vi in moscow, streets are deserted weekend under new restrictions. in brighton, england, police patrolled the beach, which has been closed becese of the pamic. and in pakistan, there was fumigation in a neighborhood oucluster of coronavirus cases. in china, the

. -- the zika virus. able to use the same platform, which has a higher yield, enabling us to ramp up to high volumes. it gives us a great degree of competence in terms of safety. >> fairpoint. you said it would be sold at cost. can you give me an update? is that for this pandemic or forever? >> that's right. we will provide this cost during the emergency. seeking to recapture manufacturing and distribution costs. isrealize the pandemic something where johnson & johnson can use its expertise and financial stability to make this available, so that is our plan right now. when wedoes that mean returned to normal and people still have the vaccine? >> right now, we have put out the statement that johnson & johnson does not intend to make a profit on this particular vaccine during the pandemic. that is where we are focused. we are responsible with our pricing. we just came out with our transparency report. we will act responsibly. we want to make sure we get through the clinical trials and have a vaccine that is

a variety of other infections, zika and other infections, come from an animal.id: now, in africa, the health abilities that we have in the united states are not prevalent, so hiv and aids are still a big problem there. dr. fauci: right. we better not downplay it in the united states. there's still about 38,000 to 40,000 new infections in the united states. it's very concentrated both demographically and geographically. it's very interesting that 12% of the population of the united states is african american, and yet about 45% to 50% of all the new infections with hiv are among african americans. david: i guess a few years back, when president george w. bush was president, he asked you to come to the oval office and asked you what you could do about hiv and aids in africa. and what did you tell him? dr. fauci: well, he sent me to africa to do a fact-finding and come back with the feasibility of doing something because he said, and told me, that he felt that, as a rich nation, we have a moral responsibility, now that we can have drugs that can treat and prevent in

of the laser focus on the neuron cells we have a gilly on breeze syndrome even in a healthy person zika can cause brain inflammation with the covering around your brain. that's even for those that are not pregnant is why it is a problem. the virus is spread by a certain type of mosquito it is not new to us. the exact same mosquito that spread yellow fever causing 30001 - - 30000 deaths per year also with we had this conversation about five years ago five years ago we would talk about the large dengue outbreak about 30000 deaths per year also chicken doing a virus that doesn't seem to cause any deaths but because of the failure since the seventies to keep up with the efforts to decrease mosquitoes and kill them and not paying attention to people dying from yellow fever and dengue now we are up in arms we have a disease that is infecting pregnant women but the lack of action over 40 years against a known threat puts us in this current position at least in south america and i heard yesterday that zika is now not only moving throughout the americas but it is knocking on the door of africa t

we know there are a lot of concerns around that we are talking about zika. in this case, we don't have any evidence that there is a direct impact on the fetus or on newborns. there has been several cases now where women who have covid-19 had given birth to baby swift tested negative. it is too early to say there was no chance of virus would be able to transmit from the mother to the fetus, or to the baby while it doesn'tero, but seem like there is an increased risk. gov. bel edwards: thank you. with that, we will take your questions. have you worked out in the next phase, what is your sense about if there will be some of your order in the eight or nine days? gov. bel edwards: i don't get very often, but if you made even a dollar, i would bet that on may 1, we would be under a different order than we are now. that really does depend on what happens over the next week or so because we have to make sure we have those 14 days, where our trajectory is the way we want it as it relates to cases, as it relates to hospitalization capacity of our hospitals and then, a

so, when we had ebola, zika, sars, mers, we were lucky that they didn't transmit very easily, they weren't these respiratory viruses where somebody who's not very symptomatic and is still walking around can spread the disease, in some cases to literally dozens of people. so the respiratory transmission, particularly because world travel is so intense, that's where i show the simulation in that speech and say this keeps me up at night more than even war, which is no small thing, and, yet, in terms of being systematic about, okay, let's run a simulation and see how would we reach out to the private sector for tests or ventilators and what kind of quarantine would we do. and as we enter into this, we haven't practiced at all. so you can see it's every state is being forced to figure things out on their own, and it's very ad hoc. it's not like when a war comes and we've done, you know, 20 simulations of various types of threats, and we've made sure that the training, communications, logistics, all those pieces fall into place very rapidly. >> trevor: you are in an interesting position where, i

for ebola, hiv, zika, we were able to use the same platform manufacturing line had a higher yield. what is enabling our abilities to ramp up to such high abilities. it gives us a high degree in terms of safety as well. previously you said it will be sold at cost. can you give me an update on that? is that for just this pandemic or forever? joseph: our announcement was to provide this cost only in the emergency and simply seeking to recapture manufacturing and distribution costs. we realize the pandemic is something that johnson & johnson can utilize its expertise as well as financial stability to make this available. that is our plan right now. thena: what does that mean for when we return to normal for people who need the vaccine? do have any clarity on that? joseph: we came out with the statement of not-for-profit so johnson & johnson does not intend to make a profit on this particular vaccine during the pandemic, and that is where we are focused. we are responsible in our pricing. we came out with a transparency report in for the fourth year in a row we have decreased prices. we

the government has been warned about and deputy nicks sars, mers and ebola and zika. americans may wake up to a brand-new word of having to wear masks to go into work and maybe tested for coronavirus. new apps on their iphones and phones to rack them? do you think congress and the government has answered the wake-up call, that we are-an and i of a jet stream of viruses going around the world? >> if we don't learn lessons from this, i don't think we ever will. we need to know what's coming across our border if we are going to protect ourselves. unfortunately we have people in politic who think the border should be wide open. you go to other countries and they ask you about your health and where you have been. there will be many new normals. but there will be a medical scientific process that will be a new normal. check whether something is growing larger than you thought it might be. and how quickly we nip things in the bud. who needs to be quarantined. but we also learned some lessons about how we'll have to manage our supply chain. right? it's a national security iss

. >> reporter: what's even worse, in 2018 after the zika outbreak, the cdc came up with a plan to avoidry testing disaster that's happening. cnn obtained a copy of this memorandum of understanding between the commercial and public labs and the cdc that was supposed to increase national laboratory testing in an emergency by engaging commercial labs early in the response. it didn't work. dr. karen call who runs the laboratory services for northshore university health system in evan stop, illinois, was one of the labs pushing to launch its own tests and was stopped by overbearing red tape. >> it seems like this has been a failure. >> i do think there's a bit of failure. we've had manufacturers, groups not all working together in a coordinated fashion. >> reporter: in a statement to cnn the fda insists there was nothing wrong in its process and instead blames individual lab delays where labs did not understand the fda process and police stake kenly believed there was more work involved. despite that, the fda did publish new guidelines on february 29th allowing labs to begin testing. experts

the economy in certain places and close it in other places, while allowing places where we are not zikairus reappear to stay open and continue -- where we are not seeing the virus reappear continue to stay open. erik: what do you think are the most important lessons to be taken from the panic selling, massive deleveraging, and speed at which prices collapse during the month of march. gary: these are not normal environments. the financial markets around the world have held up quite well. we have had relatively good liquidity, we have good price discovery, everyone has wanted to get in and out of financial markets has been able to do that. one of the unintended consequences we are seeing, and i think when we write about this period of time economically, we will talk a lot about this is yes the banks have been in very good financial position, but the central banks around the world have had to provide substantially more liquidity to this crisis than any other crisis in the past. cohn talking with our erik schatzker. this morning, one analyst said it will be hard to predict which way the mar

screening when we had zika in puerto rico, positivity rates were about 1%. you want to see positivity rates well below 5% to know you're doing enough screening you want a lot of people coming back with negative tests if you know your screening is widespread enough to catch small outbreaks before they become large outbreaks. >> doctor, i feel like i just heard you say we won't have the testing capacity we need until september but at the same time we're actively talking about reopening the economy in many of these states so why isn't that dangerous to reopen without having that sufficient testing >> it's a risk there's no question it's a risk. we won't have the testing we want until september, i think, in terms of the kind of broad coverage you're still going to see high positivity rates into may. look, there's risk here. there's no question about it we're not going to have all the tools and all the screening in place. we're also not going to have public health workers to do contact tracing. that's another limitations states have been bringing on personnel to

. >> reporter: what's worse in 2018 after the zika outbreak, the cdc came up with a plan to avoid theng disaster that's happening. cnn obtained a copy of this memorandum of understanding between the commercial and public labs and cdc that was supposed to increase national laboratory testing in an emergency by engaging commercial labs early in the response. it didn't work. dr. karen carl who runs the laboratory services in evan ston, illinois was one of the labs pushing to launch its own test and was stopped by overbearing red tape. >> it seems like this has been a bit of a failure. >> i do think there's definitely room for improvement. what's happened is we've had a number of laboratories and a number of manufacturers and groups that are not all working together in a coordinated fashion. >> reporter: in a statement to cnn, the fad insists there was nothing wrong in its process and instead blames individual lab delays where labs did not understand the fda process and mistakenly believed there was more work involved. the fda did publish new guidelines on february 29th allowing labs to b

potential vaccine in his boston lab using a disabled common cold virus proven safe in work on vaccines, zika and ebola. scientists insert one of the coronavirus spikes and then inject it. >> the spike protein is synthesized and the body makes an immune response to it. >> reporter: human trials will start in september. the race to create a vaccine took off january 10th when and used to design more than 50 vaccine candidates. >> january 10th around 11:00 p.m. is when we started. >> reporter: long before many governments paid attention to meet anticipated demand j&j says it will produce its not for profit vaccine even before approval. >> we will deliver from our manufacturing plants. >> reporter: a global vaccine effort. >> can we trust a vaccine that has been fast tracked? >> that's the most important question. i think what's important for people to understand is that we can go fast but we can't cut corners and we're not going to cut corners. >> reporter: the cure is not worse than the illness. anne thompson, nbc news, new york. >>> back here locally hundreds of crew members quarantined aboard

. >> reporter: what's even worse, in 2018 after the zika outbreak the cdc came up with a plan to avoid the very disaster that's happening. cnn obtained a copy of this memorandum of understanding that was supposed to increase national laboratory testing by engaging early in the response. if didn't work. dr. karen kaul from evanston, illinois, was pushing to use its own tests and was stopped. >> it seems like this has been a bit of a failure. >> i do think there's definitely room for improvement. what's happened is we've had a number of laboratories, a number of manufacturers and groups that are not all working together in a coordinated fashion. >> in a statement to cnn the fda insists there was nothing wrong in its process and instead blames individual lab delays where labs did not understand the fda process and mistakenly believed there was more work involved. despite that, the fda is publish new guidelines on february 29th allowing labs to begin testing. experts tell cnn it was just too late. >> reporter: in a written response, they said they did keep them up to date, informed on what

. >> what's even worse in 2018, after the zika outbreak, the cdc came up with a plan to avoid the testingisaster that's happening. cnn obtained a copy of this memorandum of understanding between the commercial and public labs and the cdc that was supposed to increase national laboratory testing in an emergency by encouraging commercial labs early in the response. it didn't work. this doctor who runs the laboratory services for north shore university health system in illinois was one of the labs pushing to launch its own test and was stopped by overbearing red tape. >> it seems like this has been a bit of a failure. >> i think there's room for improvement. we've had a number of laboratories and manufacturers and groups that are not all working together in a coordinated fashion. >> in a statement to cnn, the fda insists there was nothing wrong in its process and instead blames individual lab delays where labs did not understand the fda process and mistakenly believed there was more work involved. despite that, the fda did establish new guidelines on february 29th, allowing labs to begin tes

. >> reporter: what's even worse, in 2018, after the zika outbr k outbreak, the cdc came up with a plantesting disaster that's happening. cnn obtained a copy of this memorandum of understanding between the commercial labs and the cdc that was supposed to increase national laboratory testing in an emergency by engaging commercial labs early in the response. it didn't work. dr. karen call, who runs the laboratory services for north shore university health system in evanston, illinois, was one of the labs pushing to launch its own test and was stopped by overbearing red tape. it seems this has been a bit of a failure. >> i think there's definitely room for improvement. what's happened is we had a number of laboratories and a number of manufacturers and groups that are not all working together in a coordinated fags. >> reporter: in a statement to cnn, the fda insists there was nothing wrong in its process and instead blames individual lab delays where labs did not understand the fda process and mistakenly believed there was more work involved. despite that, the fda did publish new guideline