how many of you thought abraham lincoln wrote the gettysburg address on the train to gettysburg? she's the one that put that into our minds. this little book sold 600,000 copies, published in 1906. it became required reading for high school students english. and she tells the story that he's sitting on train struggling. william seward opens up a carton of books and has some brown paper. and lincoln says, can i borrow the brown paper? and he writes, the second gettysburg address on the brown paper. and as she says and he knew it was a failure from the beginning. and for 50, 75 years, that was the story. what we're saying here together is no lincoln, never would have simply written something on the fly, on the way to. he was very careful, both his writing and his speaking. he re-edited and as ed suggested, over being willing and able to speak, this is what happened to put that no name and in the american public. hopefully we don't believe that anymore. and by the way, it finally i you know, i'm not i'm not great on the decades between 1970 and now but it did inspire television movi

he's he's chamberlain here in gettysburg. and one question would be whether you think of his of his portrayal as a winsome, as most people, as my civil war medicine interest has had me studying great detail. what happened to chamberlain and which which you alluded to. and so another question in my is what does it say about the character of this man that with a tremendous pain he was living with it for the rest of his life? he was to accomplish what you had outlined here. thank you for the question. how could he accomplished much with such tremendous pain? but i found remarkable was he never talked about it. so one of his old comrade came to him one day and said, i know that you were in such pain. he was not someone who is to complain about this. this was just part of who he was and he suffered through it. but modern studies, both physicians and wonderful historian, written about invisible wounds, talk about what this must have to him. a doctor when he was age 50, said, you're not going to live very long. he lived until 2014.

so gettysburg the famous the famous disagreement with lee gettysburg lee's strategic offensive into pennsylvania in the summer of 1863. longstreet to lee's tactical decision is famously july 2nd, july 3rd to to go on tactical offensive and to attack a federal position on on cemetery ridge. longstreet believes that that those attacks that lee plans and calls for are ill considered and longstreet propose is famously again on the evening of july 1st looking forward to second that the confederates themselves from the disadvantageous this low ground and and move around the left flank of the yankee army get between it and richmond find some a strong position of their own some high ground and invite the union army to attack them. and he has in mind a repeat of fredericksburg essentially. so he proposes this to lee not once, but many times and lee rejects his advice. longstreet is hurt by the fact that lee rejects his advice, and this is all a matter record so and we'll come to origins of the scapegoating of longstreet. but let me just make a few more observations. so longstreet's hurt that lee waves of

and they go to gettysburg to come to gettysburg here for the speech.s from smallpox. lincoln) pays off his house deb. he pays for his headstone and his his burial. this is a plot at arlington cemetery. it is most l but we don't really know it is. and it speaks in the essay about this could be and it could not be. and why? because his story is vastly different than many of the people that are buried at arlington cemetery. the next one is john wilkes h. and this one was really fascinating to see. and then, you know, he'marked it. he's buriedft in an uar no head. and i think we can all imagine why he's a shame to his family. but his burial has multiple pieces as well. government doesn't want to give anybody a place for his body to be a martyr. you they don't want an entirely over booth this dead body so they make kind of a show of tossing him into the potomac river, but they actually bury him at he's reinterred a few years later, the booth family is trying to get his remains to bury, you know, recognize the ball, or at least in the family plot. he's burie

and they go to gettysburg to come to gettysburg here for the speech. and shortly after that, william johnson dies from smallpox. lincoln pays off his house debt. he pays for his headstone and his his burial. this is a plot at arlington cemetery. it is most likely his, but we don't really know it is. and it speaks in the essay about this could be and it could not be. it is a mystery. and why? because his story is vastly different than many of the people that are buried at arlington cemetery. the next one is john wilkes booth. and this one was really fascinating to see. and then, you know, he's marked he's in an unmarked grave. he has no headstone. and i think we can all imagine why he's a shame to his family. but his burial has multiple pieces as well. he's originally the government doesn't want to give anybody a place for his body to be a martyr. you they don't want an entirely new unites to come and worship over booth this dead body so they make kind of a show of tossing him into the potomac river, but they actually bury him at washington arsenal. and

and they go to gettysburg to come to gettysburg here for the speech. and shortly after that, william johnson dies from smallpox. lincoln pays off his house debt. he pays for his headstone and his his burial. this is a plot at arlington cemetery. it is most likely his, but we don't really know it is. and it speaks in the essay about this could be and it could not be. it is a mystery. and why? because his story is vastly different than many of the people that are buried at arlington cemetery. the next one is john wilkes booth. and this one was really fascinating to see. an then, you know's marked it. he's buried in an unmarked grave. he has no headstone. and i think we can all imagine why he's a shame to his family. but his burial has multiple pieces as well. he's originally the government doesn't want to give anybody a place for his body to be a martyr. you they don't want an entirely new unites to come and worship over booth this dead body so they make kind of a show of tossing him into the potomac river, but they actually bury him at washington arsena

and they go to gettysburg to come to gettysburg here for the speech. and shortly after that, william johnson dies from smallpox. lincoln pays off his house debt. he pays for his headstone and his his burial. this is a plot at arlington cemetery. it is most likely his, but we don't really know it is. and it speaks in the essay about this could be and it could not be. it is a mystery. and why? because his story is vastly different than many of the people that are buried at arlington cemetery. the next one is john wilkes booth. and this one was really fascinating to see. and then, you know, he'marked it. he's buried in an unmarked grave. he has no headstone. and i think we can all imagine why he's a shame to his family. but his burial has multiple pieces as well. he's originally the government doesn't want to give anybody a place for his body to be a martyr. you they don't want an entirely new unites to come and worship over booth this dead body so they make kind of a show of tossing him into the potomac river, but they actually bury him at washington ars

the problem was illinois didn't have $60,000 to spend on gettysburg address in 1943 and governor greenehis so he did something unusual. he enl■.■=isn of illinoiso collect pennies and nickels. there was skepticism that kids were going to come up with enough money to buy the gettysburg in the middle of a world war and at the heels of the great depression but no one should ever doubt the children of illinois. [aears ago a newspaper interviewed a springfield man named gene who noted that as young boy 1943 he sacrificed saturday afternoon movie for a few months so that he could give his weekly allowance to donation drive. it took the cinois only 6 months to raise $40,000, marshalfield the third, grandson of department magnate helped with the rest. in 1944 almost exactly 80 years ago fou soo presented the hand-written gettysburg address to the illinois state historical library and it has been our mosr since. i love this story. it has everything, imagination, ingenuity, sacrifice, patriotism and elected officials that didn stop at no and children with a vision beyond their years doing somethin

on the anniversary of lincoln's gettysburg address in 1965. and in that speech, franklin says he's responding to. the white citizens councils and had published these editorials, quoting from lincoln-douglas debates, the part of the debates the fourth debate at charleston, wheren't believe in the social and political equality of the white and black races and the white citizens council was using this to argue that if lincoln were alive in the 1960s, he would be opposed to, like the voting rights act, the civil rights act of 1964, and franklin, you would have to be deranged to to abraham lincoln into a racist who would support the citizens councils. so but i do think you you see, even in back to the 1930s when you african-americans are beginning to support it, the democratic party, and they're leaving the party of lincoln. and speech from arthur mitchell who's the first african-american democrat in congress. and he gets a really hard time from republican. there's a republican from kentucky just denounces him on the floor of the house. how dare yo

and they go to gettysburg to come to gettysburg here for the speech. and shortly after that, william johnson dies from smallpox. lincoln pays off his house debt. he pays for his headstone and his his burial. this is a plot at arlington cemetery. it is most likely his, but we don't really know it is. and it speaks in the essay about this could be and it could not be. it is a mystery. and why? because his story is vastly different than many of the people that are buried at arlington cemetery. the next one is john wilkes booth. and this one was really fascinating to see. it. then, you know, he's marked hes buried in an unmarked grave. he has no headstone. and i think we can all imagine why he's a shame to his family. but his burial has multiple pieces as well. he's originally the government doesn't want to give anybody a place for his body to be a martyr. you they don't want an entirely new unites to come and worship over booth this dead body so they make kind of a show of tossing him into the potomac river, but they actually bury him at washington arsena

and lincoln's gettysburg address. and there's a big reunion that's held here in the summer of 1913, this big blue gray reunion. and there's a really great piece we have from the editor of, the baltimore afro-american, where he comments on this and he quotes at length from gettysburg address. and then he says you know, what would lincoln think, if he were alive today and would see that his his vision of america democracy of the people by the people for the people is now being interpreted as for only white people. yes. and he would be appalled. and i happen to think right about that. but i think my favorite quote from lincoln, i mean, i love the second inaugural address, but there's a piece in i can't even remember the moment because i have an old brain and i can always bring to mind what i to say. but there's there's a speech he gives. and i'm sure that some of you remember. no, it everyone should have a fair chance. the race of life. i think that speaks volumes. and i think if we keep that in mind, then we certainly c

and they go to gettysburg to come to gettysburg here for the speech. and shortly after that, william johnson dies from smallpox. lincoln pays off his house debt. he pays for his headstone and his his burial. this is a plot at arlington cemetery. it is most likely his, but we don't really know it is. and it speaks in the essay about this could be and it could not be. it is a mystery. and why? because his story is vastly different than many of the people that are buried at arlington cemetery. the next one is john wilkes booth. and this one was really fascinating to see. it. then, you know, he's marked 's buried in an unmarked grave. he has no headstone. and i think we can all imagine why he's a shame to his family. but his burial has multiple pieces as well. he's originally the government doesn't want to give anybody a place for his body to be a martyr. you they don't want an entirely new unites to come and worship over booth this dead body so they make kind of a show of tossing him into the potomac river, but they actually bury him at washington arsenal

and they go to gettysburg to come to gettysburg here for the speech. and shortly after that, william johnson dies from smallpox. lincoln pays off his house debt. he pays for his headstone and his his burial. this is a plot at arlington cemetery. it is most likely his, but we don't really know it is. and it speaks in the essay about this could be and it could not be. it is a mystery. and why? because his story is vastly different than many of the people that are buried at arlington cemetery. the next one is john wilkes booth. and this one was really fascinating to see. it. then, you know, he's marked hes buried in an unmarked grave. he has no headstone. and i think we can all imagine why he's a shame to his family. but his burial has multiple pieces as well. he's originally the government doesn't want to give anybody a place for his body to be a martyr. you they don't want an entirely new unites to come and worship over booth this dead body so they make kind of a show of tossing him into the potomac river, but they actually bury him at washington arsena

and they go to gettysburg to come to gettysburg here for the speech.liam johnson dies from smallpox. lincoln pays off his house debt. he pays for his headstone and his his burial. this is a plot at arlington cemetery. it is most likely his, but we don't really know it is. and it speaks in the essay about this could be and it could not be. it if÷s my and why? because his story is vastly different than many of the people that are buried at arlington cemetery. the next one is john wilkes booth. and this one was really fascinating to see. and then, you know, he'rked it. no headstone. and i think we can all imagine why he's a shame to his family. but his burial has multiple pieces as well. he's originally the government doesn't want to give anybody a place for his body to be a martyr. you they don't want an entirely over booth this dead body so they make kind of a show of tossing him into the potomac river, but they actually;/ bury him at washington arsenal. and then he's reinterred a few years later, the booth family is trying to get his remains to bury hi

t have $60,000 to spend on the gettysburg address in 1943 and govern did something unusual.ed the school children of illinois to collect pennies and nickels. there was skepticism that kids were going to come up the gettysburg in the middle of a world war and at the heels of e great d should ever doubt the children of illinois. [applause] a few years ago a newspaper interviewed a springfield mansd8 named gene who noted that as young boy in 1943 he sacrificed saturday afternoon movie for a few months so that he cou■6ld gn drive. it took the children of illinois only 6 months to rse $40,000, marshalfield the third, grandson of famous department magnate helped with the rest. in exactly 80 years ago four school children presented the hand-written gettysburg address to the y and it has been our most valuable state artifact ever since. i love t story. it has everything, imagination,m and elected officials that didn't stop at no and children with a vision beyond their years our future. it's a story about how penny by penny illinsa shaved something important. it's a story about our p

and lincoln's gettysburg address.eld here in the summer of 1913, this big blue gray reunion. and there's a really great piece we have from the editor of, the baltimore afro-american, where he comments on this and he quotes at lengthand then he sayt would lincoln think, if he were alive today and would see that his his vision of america democracy of the people by the people for the people is now being interpreted as for only white people. yes. and he would be appalled. and i happen to think right about that. but i think my favorite quote from lincoln, i mean, i love the second inaugural address, but there's a piece in i can't even remember the moment because i have an old brain and i can always bring to mind what i to say. but there's there's a speech he gives. and i'm sure that some of you remember. no, it everyone should have a fair chance. the race of life. and i think if we keep that in mind, then we certainly can appreciate all tt lincoln stood for exceptional. do we should. we take questions now or do we have tim

who stephens likely met in gettysburg. get the seminary there and and they were apparently sitting around talking about thaddeus stevens and what great loss it was that he had died. and the bishop said, among other things, i guess, that he lived with a colored woman as his wife, wigood. so it wasn't wasn't a racial thing, obviously. it was just a regular old thing. they were just shacking up. people didn't like it and and so later when stephens is done that much longer to to live on this mortal coil blanchard is in conversation with stephens. he asks him who of all the great men of your time, henry clay daniel webster. who are you most like? do you think? and stephens says, thinks about it. and he he discounts all the other guys and tells tells plants why they were inferior or didn't measure up, in his opinion. and he finally says richard johnson. you know, richard, jim johnson was this is proof that being vice president doesn't get you much. he was he was the vice president under martin van buren. i'd never heard of him t

now, as we've heard today, civil war battles like gettysburg, antietam produced thousands and thousands of war stories, just like chapels. and all too often, these cases, they ended in grisly deaths from infection or blood loss exposure. you name it, there's a million ways to die in the civil war. so judging by outward appearances, we might consider chapel to be one of the lucky ones, because after all, he somehow managed to survive long enough to actually tell his story. in 1886, in the letter that we see here on the screen, but apel didn't see it that way. he did not consider himself one of the lucky ones because him survival in the long aftermath of the battle of gettysburg was a living hell. and that is because 23 years after gettysburg the unexpected consequences of chapel civil war wound still dominated the old soldier's day to day life as he explained in that tortured 1886 letter quote the put me on morphine and i stop that. in other words, chapel had become and remained hopelessly addicted to the morphine that surgeons had given him in that field hospital to treat the pain from

who stephens likely met in gettysburg. get the seminary there and and they were apparently sitting around talking about thaddeus stevens and what great loss it was that he had died. and the bishop said, among other things, i guess, that he lived with a colored woman as his wife, without marrying, not a good. so it wasn't wasn't a racial thing, obviously. it was just a regular old thing. they were just shacking up. people didn't like it and and so later when stephens is done that much longer to to live on this mortal coil blanchard is in conversation with stephens. he asks him who of all the great men of your time, henry clay, daniel webster. who are you most like? do you think? and stephens says, thinks about it. and he he discounts all the other guys and tells tells plants why they were inferior or didn't measure up, in his opinion. and he finally says richard johnson. you know, richard, jim johnson was this is proof that being vice president doesn't get you much. he was he was the vice president under martin van buren. i

now, as we've heard today, civil war battles like gettysburg, antietam produced thousands and thousands of war stories, just like chapels. and all too often, these cases, they ended in grisly deaths from infection or blood loss exposure. you name it, there's a million ways to die in the civil war. so judging by outward appearances, we might consider chapel to be one of the lucky ones, because after all, he somehow managed to survive long enough to actually tell his story. in 1886, in the letter that we see here on the screen, but chapel didn't see it that way. he did not consider himself one of the lucky ones because him survival in the long aftermath of the battle of gettysburg was a living hell. and that is because 23 years after gettysburg the unexpected consequences of chapel civil war wound still dominated the old soldier's day to day life as he explained in that tortured 1886 letter quote the put me on morphine and i stop that. in other words, chapel had become and remained hopelessly addicted to the morphine that surgeons had given him in that field hospital to treat the pain fro

and was one of the first to help create the national military battlefield park at gettysburg.onel marquand, was well known throughout the armies originator of the army mail system. it was more wonderful in its workings than the mailthose faie public the letter carriers do their work in the face of storm and heat and bitter cold. but under general mark, system letters were often collected and delivered under fire as well. thank you. so we'll take questions both in the room. i'll have you raise your hand. and my colleague alison will bring a microphone over so that everybody on zoom can hear you. and those who are zoom, please continue to put questions and the question and answer box and we'll start with one online. susan, please thank you very much the first question that's come in online is i've heard that post office inspectors were the first federal police force. what other historians you come across? we're working on the history the post office within a policing history. and how did the term spealagentl police. boy, i'm stumped. i really hadn't dug that much into the the po

and was one of the first to help create the national military battlefield park at gettysburg. and he, colonel marquand, was well known throughout the armies which grant commanded as the originator of the army mail system. it was more wonderful in its workings than the mail service of today. those faithful servants of the public the letter carriers do their work in the face of storm and heat and bitter cold. but under general mark, system letters were often collected and delivered under fire as well. thank you. so we'll take questions both in the room. i'll have you raise your hand. and my colleague alison will bring a microphone over so that everybody on zoom can hear you. and those who are zoom, please continue to put questions and the question and answer box and we'll start with one online. susan, please thank you very much candy the first question that's come in online is i've heard that post office inspectors were the first federal police force. what other historians you come across? we're working on the history the post office within a policing history. and how did the te

and was one of the first to help create the national military battlefield park at gettysburg.colonel marquand, was well known throughout the armies which grant commanded as the originator of the army mail system. it was more wonderful in its workings than the mail service of today. those faithful servants of the public the letter carriers do their work in the face of storm and heat and bitter cold. but under general mark, system letters were oftdelivered under. thank you. [:so we'll take questions bo in the room. i'll have you raise your hand. and my colleague alison will bring a microphone over so that everybody on zoom can hear you. and those who are zoom, please continue to put questions and the question and answer box and we'll start with one online. susan, please thank you very much candy the first question that's come in online is i've heard that post office inspectors were the first federal police force. what other historians you come across? we're working on the history the post office within a policing history. and how did the term special agent come to be used for po

and our willingness to fight for freedom,n the fields of gettysburg, in the schools of little rock, onhe streets of ferguson, and on this bridge right here in selma. [applause] and today wenow our fight for freedom is not over. because in this moment, we are witnessing a full on attack on hard-fought, hard-won freedoms, starting with the freedom that unlocks allther÷: the freedom to vote, the sacred freedom to vote. today in states across our ■ extremists pass laws to restrict voting. absentee ballots. even making it illegal to give people food and water while standing in line to exercise their civic right and duty to riends here, friends, whatever happened to love thy neigh■■r? the hypocrisy abounds. and do notice the governor of georgia on the 56th anniversary of this very march. across our nation, extremists attack the integrity of free and fair elections. causing a rise of threats and violence against bull workers.in the freedom to vote and in honor of allhose who crossed this bridge, president biden and i will continue to demand the u.s. congress passed the freedom to vote act and

and our willingness to fight for freedom, be it on the fields of gettysburg, in the schools of littlets of ferguson, and on this brie right here in selma. [applause] and today we know our fight for freedom is not over. because in this moment, we are witnessing a full on attack on hard-fought,rd-won freedoms, starting with the freedom that unlocks all others, the freedom to vote, the sacred freedom to vote. today in nation, extremists pass laws to restrict voting. absentee ballots. even making it illegal to give people food and water while standing in line to exercise their civic right and duty to vote. ifriends, whatever happened to love thy neighbor? the hypocrisy abounds. and do notice the governor of ■56th anniversary of this vy march. across our nation, extremists attack the integrity of free and fair ele of threats and violence against bull workers. in the face of these assaults on the freedom to vote and in honor of all those who crossed this bridge, president biden and i will continue to demand e dom to vote act and the john lewis voting the fight for freedom today in■r freedom

and our willingness to fight for freedom, be it on the fields of gettysburg, in the schools of littleets of ferguson, and on this bridge right here in selma. [applause] and today we know ourr. because in this moment, we are witnessing a full on attack on hard-fought, hard-won freedoms, starting with the freedom that unlocks all others, the freedom to vote, the sacred freedom to vote. today in states across our nation, extremists pass laws to restrict voting. sentee ballots. even making it illegal to give people food and water while standing in line to exercise their civic right and duty to vote. ask the friends here, friends, whatever happened to love thy neighbor? hypocrisy abounds. and do notice the governor of georgia signed that law on the 56th anniversary of this very march. across our n extremists attack the integrity of free and fair elections. causing a rise of threats and violence against bull workers. in the face of these assaults on the freedom to vote and in honor of all those who crossed this bridge, president biden and i will continue to demand the u.s. congress passed t

so let's take a trip around the paddle on a scale of one to 1010 being the gettysburg address. i want you to give me a score for how biden did and instead of the union speech, one on substance to style okay. >> guys, for your desk was not popular when it was said at the time to people didn't like that speech at all, but it's also the greatest speech in history. i would give him a nine on on style and seven on substance why? well, a nine because i think he did what he was supposed to do the gop had set the bar at corpse and therefore, he looked fantastic. so he gets a 9.10 because it's not the gettysburg address for seven is because he didn't he didn't say a lot. there wasn't a lot. it was a campaign speech essentially. >> that's exactly what it was. sara, what are those scores? >> so on style, i'm gonna go with nine as well but again, it's because of the low expectations. if it was the gettysburg addresses the bar, i'd go with like a four because that's that's not where the bar was on substance. i'll probably go with a six. i'm more to the center right. than joe biden, but his

the confederate army during part of the war was barefoot and and there's a rumor that the battle of gettysburgwas started because the word spread in the confederate army army that there was a a a warehouse full of boots in the town of gettysburg and they marched there and then blundering to the union. and the fight started there. but that's that was kind of just supporting i mean, it's not that not that hookworm was important in the outcome of the civil war. it's more that hookworm was incredibly prevalent in the american south. and in the 1930s, obviously many decades after the civil war. john de rockefeller miller put $1,000,000 into the rockefeller sanitary commission. and one of the first things he decided to fight was hookworm in the american south. but the the doctor who was in charge of it was from this long line of methodist ministers, from new england that had a way of sort of talking down to people. and what he said to all southerners is you've got to stop defecating outdoors. you've got to dig, you know, outhouses and build them and only use those. and they never go in the fields ag

meaning, dear gettysburg. oh yeah. we have some. her 20th century haters.on who said the -- were exalted. how they doing on time were exalted. their name until the whites who w real citize got control again. he actually screened the birth the nation at the white house isorrific celebrating the ku klux klan. and how did they mawell, it turn and woodrow wilson went to school together at johns hopkins university in baltimore. so ugly birds, a feather stick together. another columbia university dunning.n would say william, he promoted the view that black people were incapable of governemselves and reconstruction would have been a colossal err reversing reconstrucas reversion to ral order, the same fact of racial inequality that slavery once■ encoded the n order, is black people to be enslaved. that's from this vantage point. it's kind of hard to get in touch with the okay, so let's go the next group, just the housekeeper, you know, and then, you know, tear her down or anything but but they also they didn't want to give her a whole lot of credit for anything. la

the gettysburg address, one of the three most widely quoted statements by any writer. and, of course, adams could have anticipated that at a much later date it would become one of the most constant a virtual in its claims that all men are created equal. adams never got over it. never got over it. he's got -- about later in life. why didn't i do it? i didn't let him do it. yeah. jefferson was i was pressured to get, to get, get it written quickly. there wasn't much time we don't know very much about on what days actually wrote, how much at each sitting, how many days he spent revising, what papers or book and books. he had with him. that's partly known. he had a copy, of course, of richard henry lee's june six declaration resolution independence. he had his copy of the draft constitution he had written before leaving williamsburg to come to philadelphia in of which you are very with that draft he hoped to get as quickly as possible to williamsburg. so his draft could become the dominant draft he had that with him and that contained a lengthy forensic indictment of georg

however, that he returned to the city on july 12th from a frustrated effort to cover the battle of gettysburg. and years later he told his bioer if that he had witnessed -- biographer that he had witnessed and sketched some of the violent events. if any of the 11 harper's engravings of the riot were basedded on nast's work, it was the full-page illustration featured in the august 1st issue. nast knew the asylum neighborhood well having lived on west 44th street until 1862. with an addleek for publication and production for publation, the dramatic and detail thed illustration ylum's grounds front fifth avenue and was more evocative of the events than the pictures in leslie's and the illustrated news. its delineation of the rioters and victims and the narrative it conveyed, however, was less reliable. in accordance with the story-telling strategies of news engravers, the picture both compressed and extendedded the narrative of the event into one image. but aside from the very few women shown among rioters and and spectators in the foreground, the engraving presumably based on that sketch also p

however, that he returned to the city on july 12th from a frustrated effort to cover the battle of gettysburg. and years later he told his bioer if that he had witnessed -- biographer that he had witnessed and sketched some of the violent events. if any of the 11 harper's engravings of the riot were basedded on nast's work, it was the full-page illustration featured in the august 1st issue. nast knew the asylum neighborhood well having lived on westh street until 1 with an additional week for publication and production for publication, the dramatic and detail thed illustration captured the scale of the asylum's grounds fronting fifth avennd was more evocative of the events than the pictures in leslie's and the illustrated news. its delineation of the rioters and victims and the narrative it conveyed, however, was less reliable. in accordance with the story-telling strategies of news engravers, the picture both compressed and extendedded the narrative of the event into one image. but aside from the very few women shown among rioters and and spectators in the foreground, the engraving presumabl

however, that he returned to the city on july 12th from a frustrated effort to cover the battle of gettysburg. and years later he told his bioer if that he had witnessed -- biographer that he had witnessed and sketched some of the violent events. if any of the 11 harper's engravings of the riot were basedded on nast's work, it was the full-page illustration featured in the august 1st issue. nast knew the asylum neighborhood well having lived on west 44th street until 1862. with an additional week for publication and production for publication, the dramati and detail thed illustration captured the scale of enue and was more evocative ofh the events than the pictures in leslie's and the illustrated news. its delineation of the rioters and victims and the narrative it conveyed, however, was less reliable. in accordance with the story-telling strategies of news engravers, the picture both compressed and extendedded the narrative of the event into one image. but aside from the very few women shown among rioters and and spectators in the foreground, the engraving presumably based on that sketch als