as many of you know, general eisenhower, president eisenhower was a critical figure in many aspects in terms of peace, including, obviously, his military powers. but i would like to focus on the theme today on radio. but broadly speaking, information reaching audiences in unfriendly countries, enemy countries in some cases, and president eisenhower knew better than really anyone else that if you were going to wage a cold war and make sure that it is a peaceful cold war, not a hot cold war, but a cold, cold war. it's very important to balance your nato alliance, which he believed in very strongly. your military, defense and containment, which you felt was very strong with a program designed or programs, perhaps plural, designed to reach populations in the case of the cold war in primary early in the ussr, primarily in the soviet union and eastern europe, but also in what we then called the third world africa, asia, latin america. and he was an early proponent, as dr. guenther pointed out, of radio free europe radio liberty and in a sense he understood that. and let me just briefly descr

eisenhower was referring to iran's history 2500 years ago. after eisenhower died, his deputy harry truman assumed power, a man who achieved the first atomic bomb in history and killed over 300 thousand people in japan in just two days, but he viewed muhammad rizar and his needs differently. ends a 7 thous mile trip from tehran, where it was sent by the president to bring his imperial majesty mohammed ravi, shah and shah of iran, to washington. the shaw is cordially welcomed by president truman and a large party of distinguished officials, including the president's most respected advisors and his excellency hussein alah, iranian ambassador to the united states. the great gathering assembled to hail the arrival of iran's youthful shaw, here is the royal visitor officially welcome to the united states. by president truman. i am happy to welcome you to united states. i'm this your first visit here. i've looked forward to your majesty's visit with great pleasure. and i trust that during its course you may have the opportunity of becoming well acquainted with our country. i thank you, mr. presi

eisenhower was referring to iran's history. 2500 years ago, after eisenhower died, his deputy harry truman assumed power, a man who achieved the first atomic bomb in history and killed over 300 thousand people in japan in just two days, but he viewed mohammed riza and his needs differently. the shaw thought if you could reinforce the army, like his father, he could get closer to the ideal of becoming the absolute power. that's why in 1949, amid his trip to the us and meeting with truman, he did his best to persuade him to give iran financial and military aid. as a first step, truman convinced us congress on... october 6th, 1949 to approve the mutual defense assistance act and give iran $27 million in military aid. it means iran's army that had been ruined during the occupation could be reconstructed. truman for help. truman gave him a clear answer: the us stance was the same as britain's and as a result, the first democrat. radically elected government in iran's history was toppled by the us orchestrated coup of 1953. the coup was perpetrated by the army, the army was being controlled and

eisenhower was referring to iran's history 2,500 years ago. after eisenhower died, his deputy harry truman assumed power, a man who achieved the first atomic bomb in history and killed over 300,00 people in japan in just two days, but reviewed muhammad riza and his needs differently. the shaw thought if you could reinforce the army like his father, he could get closer to the ideal of becoming the absolute power. that's why in 1949, amid his trip to the us and meeting with truman, he did his best to persuade him to give iran financial and military aid, as a... first step, truman convinced u.s. congress on october 6th, 1949 to approve the mutual defense assistance act and give iran $27 million in military aid. it means iran's army that had been ruined during the occupation. اگر پارسال ما هنوز در بستن بودجه مملکت ملاحظه داشتیم یا هر وسط تابستان همیشه صحبت از این بود که خب. the shaw had one constant obsession and that was to reinforce and expand the army as much as possible and the only way from him was to use the oil revenues. the shaw was follow

eisenhower was sort of the winner of world war ii. he passed away only few weeks before hitler committed suicide, but eisenhower left a significant legacy for the next us president. in his first speech. after winning the presidential election, he said, "i don't believe there's any region more important than iran on the world map. iran possesses oil and is located in a strategic location in the world. we shouldn't create conditions to send iran back to its distant past and turn it into a military power. we'll be in trouble if iran's militarism is revived. go read the..." country's history to find out what i'm saying. eisenhower was referring to iran's history 2,500 years ago. after isenhower died, his deputy harry truman assumed power, a man who achieved the first atomic bomb in history and killed over 300 thousand people in japan in just two days. but he viewed muhammad rizo and his needs differently. ends a 7 thousand mile trip from teheram where it was sent by the president to bring his imperial majesty mohammed ravi shah and shah o

eisenhower was referring to iran's history 20. 500 years ago, after eisenhower died, his deputy hary truman assumed power, a man who achieved the first atomic bomb in history and killed over 300 thousand people in japan in just two days, but he viewed muhammad rizo and his needs differently. the shaw thought if you could reinforce the army like his father, he could get closer to the ideal of becoming the absolute power. that's why in 1949, amid his trip to the us and meeting with truman, he did his best to persuade him to give iran financial and military aid. as a first step, truman convinced us congress on october 6th. 1949 to approve the mutual defense assistance act and give iran $27 million in military aid. it means iran's army that had been ruined during the occupation could be reconstructed. so musadiq asked truman for help. truman gave him a clear answer. the us stance was the same as britain's and as a result the first democratically elected government in iran's history was toppled by the us orchestrated coup of 1953. the coup was perpetrated by the army, the army was being c

eisenhower was sort of the winner of world war ii. he passed away only few weeks before hitler committed suicide, but eisenhower left a significant legacy for the next us president. in his first speech, after winning the presidential election, he said, "i don't believe there's any region more important than iran." on the world map. iran possesses oil and is located in a strategic location in the world. we shouldn't create conditions to send iran back to its distant past and turn it into a military power. we'll be in trouble if iran's militarism is revived. go read the country's history to find out what i'm saying. was referring to iran's history 2,500 years ago, after eisenhower died, his deputy harry truman assumed power, a man who achieved the first atomic bomb in history and killed over 300 thousand people in japan in just two days, but he viewed muhammad riza and his needs differently. ends a 7 thousand mile trip from teheram where it was sent by the president to bring his imperial majesty mohammed ravi shah and shah of iran to wa

eisenhower was referring to iran's history 2500 years ago. after isenhower died, his deputy hary truman assumed power, a man who achieved the first atomic bomb in history and killed over 30000 people in japan in just 2 days. and his needs differently, ends a 7ous mile trip from teheram where it was sent by the president to bring his imperial majesty mohammed ravi, shah and shah of iran to washington. the shaw is cordially welcomed by president truman and a large party of distinguished officials, including the president's... respected advisors and his excellency hussein alah, iranian ambassador to the united states. the great gathering assembled to hail the arrival of iran's youthful show, here is the royal visitor officially welcome to the united states by president truman. i'm happy to welcome you to the united states. on this your first visit here. i've looked forward to your majesty's visit with great pleasure. and i trust that during its course you may have the opportunity of becoming well acquainted with our country. i thank you, mr. pre

eisenhower was referring to iran's history 2500 years ago. after eisenhower died, his deputy harry truman assumed power, a man who achieved the first atomic bomb in history and killed over 300 thousand people in japan in just two days, but he viewed muhammad rizo and his needs differently. the shaw thought if he could reinforce the army like his father, he could get closer to the ideal of becoming the absolute power. that's why in 1949, amid his trip to the us and meeting with truman, he did his best to persuade him to give iran financial and military aid. as a first step, truman convinced us congress on october 6th, 1949, has written that from the beginning of his ascending the throne the shaw had one constant obsession and that was to reinforce and expand the army as much as possible and the only way from him was to use the oil revenues. the shaw was following two steps: one, to increase oil revenues as much as possible, and two, spend those revenues on purchasing military equipment and expanding the army. further away and a historical event was in the making. the western military advis

eisenhower's dream to bog down iran was coming true.production line was inaugurated the submarine was named khadir is untraceable in water. it's iran's main submarine in the depth of the persian gulf. the gadir has two torpedo launchers and can release eight naval mines. it can also trace other submarines and conduct operations. gadir is nightmare of the persian gulf. he can land on the seabed and by taking advantage of the properties of the person remain completely silent. when the prey gets close to the trap, the kadir starts firing its torpedoes. khadir departs from the pier in half a minute and moves towards the open sea. it can also carry few. few naval commandos, it is a significant and strategic achievement for iran, a country that wouldn't leave any stone unturned in order to have a submarine when muhammad riza patlavi was in power, but no one would sell it to him, is now manufacturing submarines that is appropriate for asymmetric war and terrain. on one occasion, the gaditor submarine passed from under a us aircraft carrier, bu

so and i'm not sure eisenhower nixon.like i'm thinking of john eisenhower, eisenhower's son who toldme this. my father told me that he gave himself in order to like nixon. he may have been exaggerating nixon was not always the most likeablee guy so there was some coolness there. .. >> my question is, what was the relationship between nixon and johnson? more backgrounds they were not that different how they govern for a quick thank you paul. it was surprisingly good. they were both tough politicians. and i think in 1968 you could say lbj was more for nixon then he was for humphrey, for his own vice president. humphrey is being seduced by the piece part of the peace awake and the democratic party to try to end the vietnam war by retreating. johnson won stay the course a little more thought nixon n woud be a smarter, tougher, prosecutor of his policies in vietnam than humphrey. so right there the democratic president is in some ways more sympathetic to the republican challenger than his own vice president.pr you have to stop and think of the pieces fit together but that's true whether i

eisenhower was referring to iran's history 2500 years ago. after eisenhower died, his deputy hary truman assumed power, a man who achieved the first atomic bomb in history and killed over 300,00 people in japan in just two days. but he viewed muhammad rizor and his needs differently. the shaw thought if you could reinforce the army like his father, he could get closer to the ideal of becoming the absolute power. that's why in 1940. amid his trip to the us and meeting with truman, he did his best to persuade him to give iran financial and military aid. as a first step, truman convinced us congress on october 6th, 1949 to approve the mutual defense assistance act and give iran $27 million in military aid. it means iran's army that had been ruined during the occupation could be reconstructed. so musadq asked truman for help. truman gave him a clear answer. the us stance was the same as britain's and as a result, the first democratically elected government in iran's history was toppled by the us orchestrated coup of 1953. the coup was perpetrated

eisenhower was referring to iran's history 2,500 years ago. after eisenhower died, his deputy harry truman assumed power, a man who achieved the first atomic bomb in history and killed over 300. people in japan in just two days, but he viewed muhammad riza and his needs differently. the shaw thought, if you could reinforce to army like his father, he could get closer to the ideal of becoming the absolute power. that's why in 1949, amid his trip to the us and meeting with truman, he did his best to persuade him to give iran financial and military aid. as a first step, truman convinced u.s. congress on october 6th, 1949 to approve the mutual defense assistance act and give iran $27 million in military aid. it means iran's army that had been ruined during the occupation. could be reconstructed, so musadq asked truman for help. truman gave him a clear answer: the us stance was the same as britain's, and as a result, the first democratically elected government in iran's history was toppled by the us orchestrated coup of 1953. the cu was perpetrated

my question,ment question, you talk about eisenhower, eisenhower likes bluff and i'm thinking that the person that would have been president if it hadn't been eisenhower would have beenr stevenson who i totally agree would not have been able to pull ike's bluff, stevenson as president and he was a brilliant guy, absolutely brilliant and capable but looking back at it i just don't think -- and i grew up during that period. i was 7 when eisenhower was elected president so i have been following carefully and even then and you talk about the thing about ike's bluff, what about reagan, didn't reagan do something similar to that with gorbachev. >> i share mostt of what the viewer said, i agree with. i don't think stevenson was well suited for the era as ike was. stevenson had many, many qualities. he was a truly intelligent person and he had strong followers andol he may have done good things in other realms. he may have been quicker on civil rights, just other things ande to be fair, the factuals ae hard, maybe sevenson would have been better using the united nations and diplomacy to -- to

so, i'm not sure eisenhower liked nixon. john eisenhower, his son, told me this. he said that my father told me that he said he gave himself an order to like dick nixon. he may have been make -- exaggerating here but nixon was not always the most likeable guy. and so there was some coolness there yes, but at the end of eisenhower's life i think they got along fine. >> host: next call. ... >> my question is, what was the relationship between nixon and johnson? they had similar backgrounds and they weren't that different in terms of how they governed. >> thank you, paul. the relationship was surprisingly good. they were both tough politicians. i think a 1968, you could say that lbj was in a way more for nixon than he was for humphrey. his own vice president. because humphrey was being seduced by the peace party and the democratic party to end the vietnam war by retreating. and johnson wanted to stay the course and he felt nixon would be a smarter, tougher, prosecutor of his policies in vietnam. then humphrey. so, right there, the democratic president is in some ways

so, i'm not sure eisenhower liked nixon. john eisenhower, his son, told me this.said that my father told me that he said he gave himself an order to like dick nixon. he may have been make -- exaggerating here but nixon was not always the most likeable guy. and so there was some coolness there yes, but at the end of eisenhower's life i think they got along fine. >> host: next call. ... >> my question is, what was the relationship between nixon and johnson? they had similar backgrounds and they weren't that different in terms of how they governed. >> thank you, paul. the relationship was surprisingly good. they were both tough politicians. i think a 1968, you could say that lbj was in a way more for nixon than he was for humphrey. his own vice president. because humphrey was being seduced by the peace party and the democratic party to end the vietnam war by retreating. and johnson wanted to stay the course and he felt nixon would be a smarter, tougher, prosecutor of his policies in vietnam. then humphrey. so, right there, the democratic president is in some ways mor

so marshall, i think with eisenhower, i'll start with eisenhower. i think with eisenhower there was a there was a mutual respect, but i don't think they really got to know each other all that well. i mean they obviously interacted quite a bit, but they kind of ran a little bit different circles. you know, when eisenhower was with the war department, he was in the operations division, which was, you know, separate from the general headquarters and then the army ground forces later. so they knew each other, obviously, but they weren't very close. i think with marshall, the relationship was much closer. i think they they thought very alike and they they shared about how should we shape our force and how should we train personnel, how should we the force they really had a long standing exchange of ideas with macarthur. he's really kind of absent from the record in terms of the things that i found about general mcnair, you'd probably have insight, as is his relationship with macarthur than i than i do. but i know that, you know, all of these folks, you k

eisenhower during those eight years of the eisenhower presidency.she was very sensitive to the role of first lady. but i'm wondering, bob, if you could tell us just a little bit about the visit back and how she very sensitively helped the arrange for the visit of mrs. oma a ssis and her kids. >> sure. mrs. kennedy, when she left the white house after president kennedy's assassination, had not returned to the house at all many invitations from president johnson to do so. but when the portraits of the president and mrs. kennedy were ready to be hung in the white house, normally there'd be a ceremony where the family could come and see the official reception and hanging. these portraits. but mrs. if kennedy did not want to comeck back. so mrs. nixon said, you know, why don't you bring your two children, just the three of you, we'll have a private eventful we'd love to have you here for dinner. the girls can show your children, the nixon daughters, the girls as everybody called them back then -- [laughter] can show the kids around a, and you get to see

eisenhower's dream to bog down iran was coming true. پای جماران و در دریا هم الحمدالله besides research for making large vessels, new homemade submarine was also manufactured in iran and the indigenous production line was inaugurated. the submarine was named the khadir. khadir is untraceable in water. it's iran's main submarine in the depth of the persian gulf. the gadir has two torpedo launchers and can release eight naval mines. it can also trace other submarines and conduct operations. gadir is nightmare of the persian gulf. he can land on the seabed and by taking advantage of the properties of the persian gulf remain completely silent. when prey gets close to the trap, the kadir starts firing its torpedoes. kadir departs from the pier in half a minute and moves towards the open sea. it can also carry few naval commandos, it is a significant and strategic achievement for iran, a country that wouldn't leave any stone unturned in order to have a submarine when muhammad riza pahlavi was in power, but no one would sell it to him, is now

eisenhower one virginia both times eisenhower in 52 eisenhower and nixon in 1956. it began to chip away at the traditional democratic south which was a stronghold so 64 was a year for republicans and a great year for conserve this in terms of their prospects for the future and 66 the lopsided loss by republicans and 64 bit almost, they gained back almost everything they lost in 64 during the midterm in terms of the house in terms of the senate and in terms of governors and in terms of statehouse seats coast-to-coast but democrats were still in charge. democrats held the white house london johnson control the house and the senate. republicans were considerably close and erasing the losses of 64 and building momentum as they moved towards 1968. that's where things begin today. we know previously nixon had a good live in new york city. for the first time he was making money. he wasn't a public official practicing o law. onehe of wall street's most important law firms with the biggest clients you could have of any law from the country right around the corner from wall

so and then of course was very close to mamie eisenhower filled in for mrs. eisenhower. those eight years of the eisenhower. so she was a very sensitive to the role of first lady. but i'm wondering, bob, if you could tell us just a little bit about the the visit back and how she very helped to arrange for the visit of mrs. onassis in her kids tour. mrs. kennedy. when she left the white house, president kennedy's assassination had not returned to house at all and despite many invitations from president johnson to do so. but when the portraits of the president and mrs. kennedy were ready to be hung in the white house, normally there would be ceremony where the family come in and see the official reception and of these portraits. but mrs. kennedy, then mrs. onassis did, not want to come back. so nixon said, you know, why don't you bring your two children, just the three of you, we'll have a private event. we'd love to have you here for dinner. the girls can show your children, the nixon daughters, the girls as everybody called them back then can show the kids around. and an

eisenhower did fdr's new deal. they didn't, the size of government turned nixon administration grew.dn it didn't shrink. and a lot of what nixon as president upset conservatives. we will come back to that later in the presidency. so on the issues he was surprisingly moderate but convention in miami beach is actually where -- actually where the democrats wished they had moved. johnson had locked in chicago. republicans were in miami beach. huge question about security and in south florida, miami beach you can see the whole area by closing the coswasys. johnson felt he was commit today his friendt in chicago, when the site was selected, it was intended to coronate johnson for another nomination and johnson thought it would be too date corruptive. nixon is nominated. the only candidate in the case on both sides who goes all theca way except the california primary from the nose of new hampshire all the way to election day in november he choses maryland governor who only a few years before had been a county commissioner

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eisenhower here about her grandfather, president eisenhower has two very important elections as well. one in 1952, one in 1956, and the one in 52, harry truman is outgoing as the president, but of course, he did not run. and so he was not defeated by by ike in that election. but he nevertheless sort of made made pretty short work of the democratic opponent at that time. so tell us a little bit about how your grandfather went about his important campaigns in 52 and 56. yes. and i'm going to bypass you just for a second. i need to say something about carter. i was i was working on capitol hill during the time that he was running. and when he won washington got a terrible, terrible problem. the restaurants were all panicking because they did not have grits. true story. they were all scrambling to get grits in town. but anyway, back to granddad's story. he of course, he was ten years passed. world war two, which was his. probably what touched his heart more than anything was the service that he provided during world war two. and he a unique situation on on both elections in that he had th

eisenhower on the telephone. she tells me that his heart is with us, and she says that is nothing, that he lives more for and there is nothing that would lift him more than for us to win in november. and say, let us win this one for ike. we're going to win because this great convention has demonstrated to the nation the republican party has the leadership, the platform and the purpose that america needs. we're going to win because you have nominated as my running mate a statesman of the first rank who will be a great campaigner and one who was only qualified to undertake the new responsibilities that i shall give to the next vice of the united states. and he is a man fully shares my conviction and yours that after a period of 40 years when power has from the cities and states to the government in washington d.c., it's time to have power. go back from washington to the states under the cities of his country, all over america. we're going to win because at a time that america cries out for the unity that this admin

eisenhower on the telephone. she tells me that his heart is with us, and she says that is nothing, that he lives more for and there is nothing that would lift him more than for us to win in november. and say, let us win this one for ike. we're going to win because this great convention has demonstrated to the nation the republican party has the leadership, the platform and the purpose that america needs. we're going to win because you have nominated as my running mate a statesman of the first rank who will be a great campaigner and one who was only qualified to undertake the new responsibilities that i shall give to the next vice of the united states. and he is a man fully shares my conviction and yours that after a period of 40 years when power has from the cities and states to the government in washington d.c., it's time to have power. go back from washington to the states under the cities of his country, all over america. we're going to win because at a time that america cries out for the unity that this admin

and eisenhower's got to solve that problem, too. so eisenhower's temperament, his ability to bring all of these disparate parts together and make it work, that's key. one more. one more. if there is one more right there. run, run, run. so i did a research project a couple of years ago about where journalist martha gellhorn, who stowed away one of the hospital ships. yeah. and laid it on. easy read. and so i'm curious to know more about the hospital ships mentioned. if i recall correctly, they felt very exposed because of their markings. and so i'm curious to know what what were the policies for hospital ships and it maintained this gentleman's question in the middle over here some christian are more about that. yeah. no that's a great because what it what the broader it imposes is how did the violence of war change what we thought as the humane protocols war things that you did by 1944 that you would not have considered in. 40 and hospital ships are one of those in the atlantic and more particularly in the pacific hospital ships wer