tv Fareed Zakaria GPS CNN August 28, 2016 10:00am-11:01am PDT
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newtown. >> i've got bodies here. >> 27 people lost their lives. 20 of them young children. >> charleston. >> the community is reeling after a massacre. >> san bernardino. >> another mass shooting this time in southern california. >> two suspects dead after the worst mass shooting. >> just boom, boom, boom. >> and now orlando. >> the worst mass shooting in u.s. history and worst terror attack in this country
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since 9/11. >> these horrific events have in some ways come to define the united states. every day in 2014, 92 people were killed with a gun, on average. in total, there were almost 11,000 gun murders, more than 21,000 gun suicides and over 81,000 nonfatal gun injuries that year. compared to other rich countries, america's gun violence is on another planet. in 2011, the united states had over seven times as many as gun homicides per 100,000 people as did canada. over 50 times as many as germany and almost 60 times as many as the united kingdom, according to gunpolicy.org. so can americans learn something from other countries on this crucial issue of keeping its citizens safe?
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in this hour, we're going to travel the world to look for solutions. gun violence rates in one country are a fraction of america's levels. we'll visit another nation where liberals and conservatives reached agreement on gun control and afterwards, shootings plummeted. but first let's visit a country where the people are obsessed with violent video games. is gun violence a big problem there? let's find out. ♪ in the weeks following the newtown shooting, adam lanza information started to emerge. he played video games in his basement for hours on end,
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according to reports. with access to a small arsenal, he turned video game fantasies into reality leaving 26 dead at sandy hook. so, in our search for global lessons on guns, we wanted to find a country that could teach us about gaming and gun violence. we decided to visit japan because few nations on earth have more avid gamers than the land of the rising sun. the japanese play many of the same violent video games that we do. in 2015, gaming revenue in japan was over $12 billion. behind only the united states and china. but there's another factor to consider here when it comes to gun violence. japan has some of the strictest gun laws in the world.
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the basic premise of those laws, if you want to own a gun, good luck. japan's firearm and swords control law states, no person shall possess a firearm before listing a few narrow exceptions for hunters and other categories. for the brave few still willing to own one, they face a bureaucratic obstacle course. just ask rick saka, a former u.s. marine who was living on mt. fuji when we met him. he told us he was only a handful of gun owners in japan to legally own a gun. back at his house, he showed us the binders full of paperwork he's had to deal with over the years. they were a bit overwhelming even to explain. >> what all do you have to do?
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>> it's such a -- initially -- want to help me? >> reporter: he took over 20 hours of lectures, a written test, a shooting range class and he passed a criminal background check. a doctor game him a full physical and psychological exam. he also visited the police station more than five times where he was interviewed in an interrogation room. >> are you having any problems with drugs, alcohol, with relationships, family, work, money. >> reporter: the police also questioned his family, his co-workers, even his neighbors and, to top it off, he had to give them a detailed map of his home. >> to produce a floor map of where your firearm will be stored in your home. it's kind of unusual. and photos that actually detail all of the locks that we have to have in there and show that it's done properly. >> reporter: it took saka over a year to get approved. >> that's our actual firearms
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license. >> reporter: and he must renew his various licenses regularly. >> the intrusion that occurs with the process regularly would never, ever be tolerated in the u.s. >> it's a process meant to discourage people from even trying to get a gun. and it works. japan has fewer guns per person than almost any other country. less than one firearm per 100 people, according to one estimate. and the country's gun murder rate is astonishingly. in 2014, this nation of 127 million counted only six gun murders. that's right. six. the united states per capita gun homicide rate that year was nearly 700 times that of japan. >> japan has so little gun violence. every time a shot is fired in japan, it's national news. one of the guys pulled out a
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sword and slashed -- >> jake was a reporter for japan's largest daily newspaper for 12 years. >> this is the area where they stopped and made them get out and made an arrest. >> he had an article called "tokyo rise" and he says it shell don't leads to shots fired. >> i have not met a cop that has shot his gun in the course of duty. and i know a lot of cops. >> in fact, guns are so rare and tightly regulated here that even mobsters avoid using guns. known as the yakuza and recognized for their full body tattoos, japanese organized crime doesn't lack for muscle. they have reportedly had enormous reach in business and politics, once described as the largest equity group in japan by morgan stanley. but many don't like conducting
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business with a gun. >> translator: guns are like nuclear weapons. weapons that the yakuza has but won't use. >> reporter: a former yakuza boss sat down with us to give us his take on the mob's attitude. he insisted on wearing a mask but showed us his tattoo and a missing finger to prove his identity. it's a trademark. >> translator: guns are kept in strict organization and so it's prohibitive to take the guns out and use it. >> reporter: that's because punishments for gun infractions are very high in japan, he says. simply firing a gun can get you life in prison. and if a foot soldier in the mob get caught with a gun, his boss
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can also be held responsible. so these days, the yakuza conduct business using less efficient methods. >> translator: there aren't specific orders on what he weapons we should use but obviously there's only japanese knives or swords to use. >> if you make strict gun control laws and you assign cops to enforce those laws and you actually enforce them, the rate of gun deaths in the united states would plummet. but you have to do it. >> reporter: so despite lots of barbaric video games, gun violence barely exists in japan. but the country does seem so different from the united states. not a lot of gun violence.
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if there's one country with a love for guns that rivals america's, it's the nation best known for its alps. switzerland. welcome to switzerland's annual field shooting festival that is said to be the largest shooting competition in the world. towns and villages across the country test markmanship. families bring the kids. and after the competition, there's a gigantic party. one festival in the town of salvana was especially boisterous. the winners of each event would
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cheer loudly and the champion of the prestigious 300-meter competition, known to all as the shooting king, was wheeled out triumphantly to the tune of cow bells. switzerland is, by many measures, a gun lover's pa paradise. the swiss mark third in the world trailing only yemen and, of course, the understand. >> ready, fire. >> why is switzerland armed to the tee? well thanks to a tradition that dates back to the dawn of the nation. its citizens militia that arms its army. all abled body serve at least
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260 days in the militia. they are all trained to shoot and most of them keep their guns at home. militiamen can hone their skills at their local shooting clubs. it boasts hundreds of thousands of measures offering classes and camaraderie. >> we do competitions together and we are young people and we are older people. >> this woman has been shooting for most of her life. on this day at her club, she hits the bull's eye 18 out of 20 times. not bad for a 70-year-old. >> i was very surprised, yes. i never did it. >> even the youngsters here are excellent marksmen. dave is all of 10 years old. and started training two years ago.
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his advice for the inexperienced -- don't fidget while shooting. gun homicide rates are much lower than the united states. over 15 times lower in 2013, according to gunpolicy.org. supporters of gun rights in america have claimed that the swiss proved one of their main points. lots of guns does not necessarily mean lots of gun violence. but that is not the whole story here in switzerland. >> their interests is that any crazy man should go out and be able to buy a gun at any spot. >> dr. martin kilius is a professor and points out that many swiss gun laws are much stricter than those in america. >> there are now these far more
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controls than there used to be in the past. >> every one who bias gun must pass a background check. automatic weapons are banned and gun purchases must be registered with the government. the nra, he says, would not be very happy. >> oh, they would say it's a communist country, definitely. >> in the militia, soldiers can take home their weapons but not their ammunition. >> ready, fire! >> after a soldier has completed his service, he must now reapply for the right to keep his gun. the truth is, many gun owners' attitudes in switzerland are very different from the nra. this pistol-packing 70-year-old loves to shoot but she's not interested in looser gun laws like in america. >> i don't want the people walking in the streets with the
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guns. >> switzerland may look like a gun utopia but combines the ability of firearms with significant gun control. next, we'll visit a country where politics about guns was very contentious. but liberals and conservatives there actually reached a political agreement on some far-reaching measures. energy is a complex challenge. people want power. and power plants account for more than a third
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john fiddler and his wife can relate to the horrors of gun violence all too well in america ze just walked up and stood in front of people and just shot them in the heads. i know what it's like to wake up the next day, it's your birthday, you wake up alone and there's not anyone else in the house and it's not going to change for quite a long time. [ gunfire ] >> reporter: they were forever changed by the worst mass
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shooting in australia's history. on april 28th, 1996, over 30 people were shot dead at a crowded tourist destination. a historic prison in port arthur tazmania. a man arrived at the site, ate lunch, walked into a cafe and pulled a semiautomatic rifle out of his bag. his first shots killed three of their best friends, wally, kevin and kevin's brother ray who were gunned down right in front of them. i froze. i couldn't move. i thought, this was the end. >> he pushed me under the table and i saw the man behind me hasn't got a head and the person on the other side of the table told me to be quiet and we
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pretended to be dead. >> miraculously, the gunman moved on and they moved on with their lives. outside of the cafe, his wife and daughter had been having a picnic. nanette flagged down a car to escape but in that car was the gunman himself. nanette pleaded for her family but the killer shot her and 3-year-old madeleine and then chased down the 6-year-old and shot her near a tree where she was trying to hide. >> they said that nanette and the girls are all dead. i really wanted to be with them. at that point in time, i would rather be dead than alive. ♪ >> in all, 35 people were killed before brian was captured by the police. >> the overwhelming feeling was,
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this is terrible. we had to do something about it. ♪ >> the prime minister had been elected just weeks before the massacre. other mass shootings in australia provoked outrage. but with so many victims from different parts of the country, the port arthur shooting shocked this nation of 18 million to its core. >> you watch it waste away and i felt that i had to use the authority of my office to change things. >> a dramatic reduction in the number of automatic and semiautomatic weapons. >> howard proposed the toughest laws in history. a ban on auto rifles and pump action shotguns. mandatory gun registration, requiring a reason for buying the gun and new rules for storing guns. if they pass, they would
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represent one of the most dramatic changes to a country's gun laws the world had ever seen. it wasn't going to be easy howard was a conservative and many of his supporters were rural gun owners who were dead said against tighter laws. as he traveled the country to sell the plan, howard met plenty of resistance. >> there are decisions that are not going to be changed. >> wearing a bulletproof vest at one rally. >> it wasn't all that popular. there was a lot of critical outbursts in the media. but was it the right course overall for australia? yes, it was. tim fisher was howard's deputy prime minister and a somewhat likely ally. a proud gun owner and veteran of the vietnam war. but he supported howard's efforts wholeheartedly.
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>> i'm opposed to the semiautomatics be in the suburbs of australia or anywhere. >> all of australia's territories enacted the law within two years of the shooting. to get rid of all of the newly banned guns, the government sponsored a buyback program, paying everyone to turn in their illegal guns so they could be destroyed. over 600,000 guns were eliminated, an estimated one-fifth of australia's civilian firearms. after the new measures were passed, voted out of office but overall the reforms were
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popular. >> according to one study, gun suicides fell 65% in the decade that followed. and while the sample size for gun homicides were small, they still fell 59%. what's more, there hasn't been a single mass shooting since port arthur. still, since the victims of port arthur, painful memories will never be too far away. >> one of the thing that befits me the most is we wake up in the morning and there's been shootings overseas, particularly america, and that really does make us take a step back and think. >> it's almost like, what happens in that event is not far from normal life. it's the canner that is eating away in the united states of america. but it's possible to change the way before things are. >> australia is an example for
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those that political leadership can make a difference. up next, in this age of huge advancement, what can technology do to keep us safe? nces hair is delightfully fragranced with notes of moroccan rose and the freshness of springtime unforgettable, wherever you go the scents you can't forget... from herbal essences, blooming now! what comes to mind when you think about healthcare? understanding your options?
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it is a horrific, unthinkable event. it always makes the headlines. >> a 4-year-old boy accidently shot himself in the head and died. >> 6-year-old son pulled the trigger. >> a 4-year-old boy was killed when his cousin accidently shot him. >> and those are just a few examples. "the washington post" reported in october of 2015 that toddlers, yes, toddlers, had been shooting themselves or others on a weekly basis up to that point that year. one such incident where a child shot another child may come to save many lives. >> the 6-year-old boy shot his
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6-year-old friend with a gun. >> it was the late 1990s and ernst malcolm was the head of a gun making firm known as mhk. he was called to test for his company weapon having been used by a young boy to kill another one. >> i had to go through a three-hour telephone conference with the judge in court. they wanted to know why these gun fired in the hands of this young boy. >> the judges pointed questions about this utterly ensless death of a child affected him deeply leading to a decision. >> i came home and said to my wife, now i have to do everything to make a new generation of intelligent defense products. >> intelligent defense products. those are better known to you
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and me as smart guns, guns that won't fire unless the person pulling the trigger is authorized. >> it's been coded to deal with your palm prints. >> like the gun used in the james bond movie. he made good on his promise to his wife by designing this gun, the smart technology in the ip1 works like this. the authorized user of the gun wears a special watch which communicates with the gun. if the user types in a pin and the watch is within a certain distance of the gun, the gun will fire. if somebody else picks up the gun and does not have the watch or the p.i.n., the gun will not fire. pretty simple. the ip-1 has proven itself to be reliable time and time again. so why aren't his guns and other smart guns available in every
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gun shop in america? after all, the president himself made the case for smart gun technology in a heartfelt speech in early 2016. >> if a child can't open a bottle of aspirin, we should make sure that they can't pull a trigger on a gun. all right? >> his technology could make sure of that but some gun owners seem determined to make sure nobody in this country can buy one. "the washington post's" michael rosenfield told the tale of two gun shops who were going to sell the ip-1 but then decided not to after attacks on social media and threats. why would gun lovers care if smart guns are also for sale? well, one of the biggest setbacks for all smart guns has been an obscure new jersey law. the child proof law of 2002.
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three years after personalized handguns become available for any purposes in any state, all handguns sold or transferred in new jersey must be safe or smart handguns and some gun rights advocates don't like being told what to do or what kind of gun they can carry, sell or trade. >> from my cold, dead hands. >> the nra's lobbying website spells out the organization's official position. the nra doesn't oppose the development of smart guns. however, it does oppose any law that would force americans to buy only guns with smart technology. mausch used to be a darling of gun makers, including the assault rifle that is said to have killed osama bin laden. now he's an outcast in his industry and his community. >> do the gun makers in america, do they think you're a traitor, that you're doing something against them? >> they don't like me so much.
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>> but he's still optimistic. >> i think sooner or later they will ask for licensing the technology because you cannot hide it for all the time. if people like it or not, it will come. it has to come. up next, a retired united states army general who wants to take away soldiers' guns? stay with us. ♪ you tell your insurance company they made a mistake. the check they sent isn't enough to replace your totaled new car. the guy says they didn't make the mistake. you made the mistake. i beg your pardon? he says, you should have chosen full-car replacement. excuse me? let me be frank, he says. you picked the wrong insurance plan. no, i picked the wrong insurance company.
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organization that literally lives and dies by guns. >> you are a general, you're an army man, you've spent your life around guns. you're comfortable with them and know they can be used responsibly but also feel when people are at risk in terms of mental issues, it is very dangerous for them to have access to guns? >> it is very dangerous for them to have access to guns. i believe that. >> the general will discuss the report and the he haefforts in army. >> taking over as vice chief of staff in 2008, the army suicide rate had doubled since 2001. >> this is an area that we have to, in fact, attack. >> and he was tasked with battling the epidemic. >> i would be very, very careful in not underestimating the impact of 13 years of war on an
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all-volunteer force. i think we were seeing in the suicide numbers some of the effect of repeated deployments and high stress and trauma. >> to better understand the issue, he was briefed on the details of all suicides that occurred during the four years that he was the army's number two officer. in 2010, a eureka moment. >> i do want to express our thoughts and condolences. >> admiral michael mullin, then chairman of the joints chief of staff, sent an article from a medical journal to the pentagon's top brass. >> to show how this particular medical organization working with a really high-risk population of people who could commit suicide had lowered their suicide rate to zero for a three-year period solely by recommending to people who were in crisis to separate themselves
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from their privately owned weapons. that was striking to me. >> but when he tried to institute it in the army, pentagon lawyers told him it was a no-go. >> our freedom's under attack like never before. >> the nra, they said, would block him. and that's exactly what the gun advocacy group tried to do. >> the nra got congress to include a provision that barred military commanders from even collecting information about a troop's personal weapon. was that frustrating? >> it's frustrating when you're working with an at-risk population. the reason it's so frustrating, the science is so inexact. that's what is frustrating about it. >> frustrating also to a dozen senior retired generals and admirals who joined him in lobbying congress to amend the law. they argued it was directly prohibiting conversations that are needed to save lives.
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>> shouldn't you be able to order a soldier to do this? i mean, given how compelling that research was? >> well, the fact of the matter is, as far as congress was willing to go was that we could make the recommendation. we can't confiscate, we can't force. >> it may not be the law that he wanted but the defense authorization act now allows military leaders to ask about private firearms if they believe members are at risk of harming themselves or others. >> i think we're on a journey. it's a huge win for us to get out of legislation so commanders can ask that question. >> just look at israel. in 2006, the israeli defense forces tackled the rising suicides among their troops. they forbid soldiers from bringing their weapons home on weekends. on weekends, the suicide rate dropped by 40%. the weekday rate remained flat.
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>> it's hugely powerful and you don't have to look at israel. there's so many studies. >> what do you say to those who say there is a second amendment and that's why you can't go much further with your efforts? >> i don't buy that. i don't believe the second amendment was put in place to take a person who is at high risk for hurting themselves and put in their hands a weapon that in an impulsive moment, at a time when they are not thinking straight, they can end their life. >> in 2012, a record 321 active duty soldiers kill themselves. that's more than died on the battlefield. and that's not just a problem for the armed forces. more than 42,000 americans killed themselves in 2014 using guns and other methods. that's more than double who died in homicides, according to the cdc. >> when i started to oversee the suicide prevention efforts -- >> the retired general thinks
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mental health professionals should also be able to do what the army has started to do. >> i think we should look at that nationally. individuals that provide behavioral health counseling to people who are at risk, that they make that recommendation to their patients. >> they separate themselves -- >> that they separate themselves from the guns. i am not a doctor but i've read enough to know that that's truly a best practice that we should adopt. >> a study by the harvard school of public health shows that suicide rates were higher in states with lots of guns. states like wyoming where about 60% of households report owning guns. another study shows that reducing gun ownership in all states would result in fewer deaths by suicide each year. suicide is a complex problem. but one thing seems clear.
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certainly to retired general, peter carelli. >> we need to quit pointing the finger at the surfaces and look at this huge national problem. are we putting the resources we need against the research necessary to understand this and to study it? when 38,000 of our citizens take their own lives every single year, this is a national problem that we feed to attack. and we can't. >> the good news is that active duty military suicides were down about 17% in 2015, compared to 2012. but that still meant 266 active duty soldiers, sailers, airmen and marines had killed themselves. that's 266 too many. the reasons are complicated. increased awareness and vigilance likely play a role. but also, fewer soldiers in combat, as the united states has drawn down in afghanistan. many active duty have turned into veterans and there the numbers are not very promising.
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estimates show that one out of every five people who kill themselves in america is a military veteran. that's about 8,000 people every year. up next, what to make of all these lessons from all over the world. my own conclusions, coming up. if you're 50 or over, what comes to mind when you think about healthcare? understanding your options? or, if you're getting the care you need? at aarpadvantages.com, you can find
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we've gone all over the world in search of solutions, ways to bring down the epidemic of gun violence that afflicts america. we saw many interesting ideas that work. all of them centering around some simple, common sense ideas that would put some checks on the unfettered sale and possession of firearms. what we did not find was a large-scale nationwide example, where an expanded attention to mental health issues could be tied to a reduction in homicides or suicides using guns. this might surprise you, because every time there's a serious gun massacre in the united states,
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and alas, these are fairly common, the media focuses on the twisted psychology of the shooter, and asks why we don't pay more attention to detecting and treating mental illness. the question we should really be focused on is not the specific cause of a single shooting, but why are there so many of them in america. >> i've got bodies here. >> according to gunpolicy.org, there were more than 11,000 gun homicides in the united states in 2012. in canada, there were fewer than 200. in germany and spain, fewer than 100. in australia, fewer than 50. america's per capita gun homicide rate in 2012 was over 17 times higher than the average of canada, germany, australia, and spain. does anyone think that we have 17 times as many psychologically troubled people as they do in these countries? there are other reasons often
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given for gun violence. popular culture and violent video games. japan with its particular fascination with violent video games is actually stunningly low in gun deaths. >> say hello to my little friend! >> so whatever you think of violent video games and movies, they don't seem to be the key cause of gun violence. and we do have an actual experiment. in the aftermath of its own newtown-like massacre, australia changed its gun laws. the result, homicides and suicides plummeted in the decade that followed. of course, like all real-world problems, the link between guns and violence is a complex issue. but one rarely has so much evidence pointing in the same direction. that finally leads the issue of the american constitution. the argument that the second amendment makes any kind of
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serious gun control impossible. i'm not a legal historian, but i will note that many serious ones have pointed out that the second amendment was not invoked much for much of american history. often applied only to well-regulated militias and for many decades, did not stand in the way of sensible gun regulation, and that the supreme court upheld such regulations. all that started to change in the 1970s and '80s, as part of a spirited political movement to make gun rights inviable. as i said, i'm not a lawyer, but listen to someone who was. warren berger. he was chief justice of the supreme court for 17 years, a conservative republican appointed by richard nixon. here's what he said about the second amendment. >> this has been the subject of one of the greatest pieces of fraud -- i repeated the word
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"fraud" -- on the american public by special interest groups that i have ever seen in my lifetime. now, just look at those words. there are only three lines to that amendment. a well-regulated militia. if the militia, which was going to be the state armament, was going to be well regulated, why shouldn't 16 or 17 or 18 or any other age persons be regulated in the use of arms. someone asked me recently if i was for or against a bill pending in the congress calling for five days waiting period, and i said, yes, i'm very much against it. it should be 30 days waiting period. >> but let's put aside the legal debate. here's how i think about this basically. one of the most important tasks for a government is to keep its citizens, especially the children, safe on the streets and in their schools. every other developed country in the world is able to fulfill this basic man date.
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america is not. and the greatest strategy is, we know how to do it. tune into our regular show every sunday at 10:00 a.m. and 1:00 p.m. eastern and thanks for watching this "gps" special. hello, everyone. i'm fredricka whitfield. thanks so much for watching. we start this hour with breaking news in the murder of nba star dwyane wade's cousin. two brothers are locked up right now, charged with killing nakia aldridge. aldridge was shot in the head while she was walking and pushing her newborn in a stroller on friday. she died a short time later at the hospital. authorities say she was not the intended victim. police say darwin sarells jr. and darren sarells were shooting at another man when aldridge were caught in the cross fire. nt
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