washington examiner." talks aboute yun the u.s. housing market forecast for 2016. mary cunningham from the urban institute discusses efforts to address homelessness among veterans. ♪ host: good morning. congress returns this week. president obama with the first flying -- family flying. with the holidays over it is back to work. a front-page story on the growing list of problems for chicago's mayor rahm emanuel. a profile of the trump family and a front-page story. lessons learned from the troubles of his older brother who died about all is in in the mid 40's. remembering former senator ale bumpers who died at the age of 90. we are one month out from the

first of the iowa caucuses. have you settled on a candidate as we embark on the 2016 presidential election year? phone lines are open. we've aligned set aside for those living in iowa and new hampshire. for democrats, (202) 748-8000. republicans, (202) 748-8001. an independent, (202) 748-8002. for those iowa and hampshire voters, the number to dial is (202) 748-8003. we have aligned set aside for independents, including those in new hampshire. at can send as a tweet cspanwj. thank you very much for being with us. robert draper his this story inside "the new york times." primary, lowblican

to the candidate with real governing experience." now accepting applications for a president with little to no experience preferred. let's take a look at the latest in the early primary caucus states, including this in the bernie sanders campaign. [video clip] face ever-growing threats, islamic terror, lunatic in north korea, gangster moscow and a president more respectful to the ayatollah and iran the prime minister of israel. our enemies do not fear us. in the world does not know where america stands. on day one of my presidency that will change. i am marco rubio. i approved this message because the world is a safer place when america is the strongest country on earth. host: that from the marco rubio campaign. packng he remains in the but not meeting in iowa or new hampshire.

bernie sanders raising a reported $33 million in the last quarter. this is a story inside "the washington post." john wagner points out this means that bernie sanders is going to be in the hunt in the early primary caucus states. hillary clinton reportedly raising about $37 million. now here is one of the latest ads from the bernie sanders campaign. [video clip] bernie sanders: is the economy rate? the 15 richest americans acquired more wealth in two years in the bottom 100 million people combined. i am bernie sanders and i approve this message. my plan is make wall street banks in the ultra rich pay their fair share of taxes. provide living wages for working people, ensure equal pay for women. the middle class will continue to disappear. will.our help we host: on the bernie sanders campaign. -- she is inve is

des moines on this sunday morning. thank you very much for being with us. guest: happy new year. host: as he said earlier a month out from the iowa caucuses. according to real clear politics, ted cruz remains in the league in the state but donald trump also very strong right now. the big question is who is going to show up on caucus night? give us the lay of the land. host: guest: yesterday there were two candidates campaigning in iowa. mike huckabee, the winner of the 2008 caucuses. this message was iowa republicans have not yet made up their minds. he was touting sim internal polling that his campaign has aroundich indicates three out of every four republicans in iowa who are likely to attend the caucuses have not yet decided on a candidate. that does track with what the polling we have seen from other

outlets which indicates as many as two thirds of iowans have not made up their minds. the landscape may be a bit more fluid on the republican side than on the democratic side. there was one candidate, martin o'malley, he was campaigning in iowa yesterday. he drew a rather large crowd at his first event. he seemed to be believed by it. he needs to have a strong finish in iowa to continue down the road to new hampshire. he addressed questions about not making the ballot in ohio. little game of intrigue on the democratic side in 2004 johnmber edwards is a beneficiary of a last-minute deal whereby the kucinich forces allied with the john edwards forces in caucuses that night and helped push

edwards into second place that evening ahead of howard dean. there was some discussion among democrats. what happens with all the o'malley people who turn up on election night? -- 15% don't have 50% caucuse best within each will they ally with clinton or bernie sanders and help him immeasurably? host: jennifer jacobs has a piece this morning. front page of the newspaper. it reads, and is just -- you just alluded to. predicting turnout is difficult. iowansns of interviews who usually vote in general elections wasn't ambivalence about participating in the caucuses. they are turned up by political gridlock, the campaign's nasty rhetoric, or the complex any of the process itself."

can you elaborate on this point? guest: there are two candidates in this race that are depending on turning out new voters. on the democrats that would be bernie sanders. people who fit the profile you just described. people turned off by the political process and are looking for someone new. senator sanders is trying to motivate this people to get them to turn up for the caucasus. on the republican side it is donald trump who is attempting to motivate nontraditional voters. people who have perhaps not participated in the caucuses before or who have gone in the past in the last century but haven't turned off by politics and motivating them to turn on caucus night. this is far different than going to your primary elections or a general election. on the democratic side you literally have to stand in groups and everyone in your

neighborhood knows which candidate you are supporting. on the republican side you have to figure out with a precinct meeting is and you have to sit through the beginnings of the meeting before they pass out what essentially turns out to be a stronghold -- strong poll. you can leave after that and avoid all the discussion about issues on the republican side. it still requires a commitment of at least 15 minutes a half an hour on the republican side to actually cast a vote. host: we will be the one network that will take you to those caucuses here on c-span and c-span2 to see exactly what happens as this process unfolds. let me follow up on another point. back in 2008 the obama campaign generated a huge interest in his candidacy, bringing about 250,000 caucus-goers. that was more than 100,000 then

2004. is any candidate coming close to what obama did back in 2008? guest: that is the question. one of the problems and you talk to people. does quite campaigns know what the other campaign is doing. it is hard for you are inside the bubble of the campaign to figure out what is going on on the other side. two, on the obama campaign after 2007 there were deployed across the state of operatives who lived in communities and met weekly with supporters, trying to explain the process and encouraging new participants and indeed republicans who want of crossing over and voting for a democrat for the first time that they should be comfortable with the process and that the obama

campaign was there to explain everything to them. the only campaigns that have that kind of scale in iowa right now are ted cruz on the republican side in terms of not only staff but volunteers on the ground, and the clinton campaign on the democratic side. ofders has deployed dozens campaign staffers and now volunteers, but they were not started as the obama campaign was in february of 2007 to make that kind of effort. host: we will follow your work online at radioi would a, -- radioiowa.com. we will check in with you often over the next couple of weeks. guest: have a good day. host: our campaign coverage continues all this week from iowa and new hampshire.

tomorrow at 5:15 eastern time the first campaign appearance for bill clinton on his own. we will have live coverage getting away from exeter, new hampshire at 5.15 eastern time on c-span and c-span radio. as many of you are weighing in on the facebook page. have you decided for a candidate? this is from raw and who says "burn all the way," a reference to bernie sanders. franklin says "clinton by default. c is the only electable candidate. otherwise i prefer a third president obama turn. -- term." our phone lines are open. if you live in iowa or new hampshire, the number to call is (202) 748-8003. republicans an independents the number is on the screen. this is carried live on series x -- serious xm potus.

more from the campaign trail with hillary clinton back in new hampshire last week talking about guns and mental illness. [video clip] >> when you become president what is your plan to commit -- connect mental health problems and gas mixture me of my friends are safe from violence at school? [applause] >> wow. i will do everything i can. i will never stop trying because people --we lose 98 90 people a day to gun violence. people a year. i think we need to pass some laws that i have been advocating for. we need comprehensive background checks. we need to close the gun show loophole. close the online loophole. [applause]

mrs. clinton: we need to make sure the information that is needed to make that judgment about whether someone is qualified to buy a gun is in the record. and very often we don't have real-time information. we also to close what is called the trials that loophole -- charleston loophole, where the killer went to buy a gun. he filled out a form. under the loophole he could come back and get it after three business days. that he wasion eligible because he had a felony conviction did not come through until after he went and used the gun and murdered nine people in a church like this in charleston. we have worked to. and the mental health piece of

this is especially troubling because you don't want to unfairly stigmatized people. you want to protect the community. you have got to have information. the killer at virginia tech had been committed, but that information was not in the records. we need to prohibit people who are domestic abusers with restraining orders against him from getting guns. and we certainly should get the congress to prohibit anyone who is on the no-fly list from buying guns in america. host: on the campaign trail in new hampshire. part of our road to the white house coverage. time magazine following up on the president's weekly address. a meeting will take place tomorrow between the president and his attorney general to discuss plans for the introduction of gun control legislation. also some executive orders focusing on guns.

the president saying i'm getting too many letters from parents and teachers and kids to sit around and do nothing. calling gun-control one piece of unfinished business in the year ahead. he will be delivered his state of the union address on january 12. omar from gaithersburg, maryland, independent line. what have you decided for the 26 and candidate? caller: good morning. i believe i reluctantly going to vote for bernie sanders. the reason i say that is because one, i don't trust hillary. two, everyone on the republican side seems way too radical and out of touch with all the issues and how to solve them. and he said something interesting on the intro that donald trump's brother died of alcoholism. with all the respect, with all his money and power if he cannot save his brother from alcoholism, i don't think he can

save a country. that is my opinion. thank you for your time. host: we will show you that headline for the new york times just a moment. kathy also from maryland. democrats line. your former governor is among the contenders. are you supporting him or someone else? caller: thank you for with -- listening to me. this is my second time. prefer for people to vote for me. i am running for president but nobody gives me airtime. host: you are running? caller: yes. host: what is your last night. kathy johnson pendleton. caller: i am a write-in candidate only. host: why are you running? caller: i am running because it is been a dream of mine since 1979 to try to save the world as much as i can, but i know that

is a difficult process. host: how will you save the world? caller: by doing it peacefully. very peacefully. as much as possible. host: have you ever run for office before? office iran for elected when i ran in 2012 against lawyer for congress. host: with all due respect you realize your chances are next to nothing? caller: i will probably have to try to run in 2020. i wanted to say this. i was in the army national guard. i would to school in iowa. i also worked with martin o'malley, whom i love. i work for hillary clinton's husband whom i love. i also work for the reagan-bush's ministers in a 1980, who i love that i had to make a decision. i want martin o'malley but if

hillary gets it, i am for her as well. host: jake of u.s. with this tweak. " donald trump is our last hope. everyone needs to wake up and make america great again." front page above the fold. a lengthy piece for trump. pain."ns in a brother's watching and learning while an older sibling stumbled. his appeal is protect -- predicated on an aura of toughness and perpetual success. ae story of frederick, handsome, gregarious and self distracted figure that died back in 1981 at the age of 43. it is bleak and seldom told." host: good morning. caller: hi. thank you for taking -- good morning.

sandersoting for bernie even if we have to write him in. host: bystanders? -- why sanders? caller: he has the most consistent message. he is more believable than any of the other candidates. host: thank you for that call from ohio. let's move on to tommy, republican line, new york city. caller: how are you? i would like to vote for donald but i'm a little undecided because if he gets the nod, i don't know the rest of the country will vote for him if it comes to the general election. i think we have got to get a republican and because the candidates -- democrats keep doing the same thing. " we're for the working people." no, all the do's tax the middle class. it's been going on for seven years and giving it to people that don't want to work, that want handouts. we've got to get the democrats out of their.

he has the best message. i hope in a general election he could win. otherwise i will vote for ted cruz. host: thank you for the call. " the winner of the iowa caucuses rarely wins the nomination." from newsweek magazine and the governor of missouri joining fellow governors focusing on the flood damage across the region. he points out yesterday he toured the flood ravaged area, including along the mississippi river and the illinois river. this is a map on the washington post. governor nixon of missouri and fellow governors looking at the damage from the area through arkansas after illinois. cheryl is next from st. paul, minnesota. democrats line. caller: good morning. host: how are you? caller: i'm good. host: who is your candidate? caller: hillary. host: why?

caller: she knows more about foreign affairs. she made a mistake with the making a mistake with e-mails, someone else did it but they are not telling on them. it will come out later on. and donald trump will have this world in a worse position than it was. what about the previous years with the republicans were in there? i wouldn't vote for any republicans simply because donald trump will have this world in a worse condition than it is in already. carson does not know anything but foreign affairs. andink hillary knows more she will get the job done. she should be surrounded by people that know. they can't -- we been having the same issues ever since the bush --carter, bush, enough of the bushes.

host: a decision coming later this year to whether or not the president will travel to cuba. the president has four or five trips already scheduled. also looking at what will be a busy year for the travel on air force one. bill is next. from maine. good morning. caller: good morning. host: go ahead with your comment. caller: i will vote for donald trump or dr. carson. we need a conservative point of view in the white house. as far as hillary is concerned, i think she is a little confused. aware of her husband's affairs but not too good on foreign affairs. i think that's what people are really figuring out. if the news media would do its job, they would research the private use of e-mail.

we would never hear it on any other radio or tv station, just fox. cbs, abc all in the pockets of hillary. i feel bad. i think we can do some big about it but you guys don't want to do anything about it either. host: we have. caller: and obama and his gun controls, they should look at the situation. most of these people getting shot are wronged by black politicians. baltimore, philadelphia, washington dc, unfortunately chicago is run by one of his handpicks entrance. they don't care what happens in the black community. the blackstone understand that. they should look around and see what is going on. black people are being killed by black people. host: thank you for the call. this is a story from the washington post focusing on

mayor rahm emanuel. " criticism has turned personal." let me read you the first paragraph. he returned to a city in crisis. on the north side more than a dozen people stood outside his house hurling insults. on the west side and eight was punched and kicked well attended a prayer vigil for a shooting victim. all week long the repurchase one of his biggest political donors, haranguing his police force, beating a papier-mache likeness of his face at city hall." stephen is from michigan. democrats line. it was your candidate this year? caller: hillary clinton. host: because? theer: i don't know where

16 clouds they got from the republican party -- donald trump, that i was a coward and got out of going to serving in the war. you're going to like that clown for president? oh my god. ted cruz? i don't even consider him an american. i am more of an american that he is. i was born in canada. both my parents for american. they just happen to be in canada at that time. thinkingguy comes in he can run for president. i will stick with hillary. she knows what she is doing and which way this country has got to go. host: thank you for the call. "democrats know bernie sanders is not unelectable." drudge'stico.com, matt banner year. sometimes you will see the cyber

and mother is a major story breaking. politico has assembled the top headlines of 2015. that story iscom, available online at politico.com. first, donald trump on the campaign trail going after hillary clinton. [video clip] hillary, ie have just saw for the last week she has been hitting the really hard with the women card. really hard. i had to say ok, that is enough. we did a strong number. she is not going to win. i love the concept. i love, love having a woman president. they can't be her. she is tolerable. -- horrible. i will tell you to does not like -- we will get it banca -- ivanka. who does not like hillary are women.

[cheers] i see it all the time. always so theatrical. " mr. trump sent this in that." i should not do it. i have to turn off the television. she gives the a headache. although last night i gave her a big headache. i can imagine those discussions. you have to hit back hard and you can't let them push you around. she gave a speech and she never mentioned my name. in the debate i was mentioned and nine times by all of them but her. none of the other candidates -- think she came out with sexism which is so nonsense. but she is playing that card. so i hit her back in i talked with her husband and the abuse of women and the tremendous abuse. it is tremendous abuse. i talked about that. today the television is going crazy and she gets up and makes

a speech and does not mention anything about me with sexism or anything else. i wonder why. host: donald trump in south carolina on the campaign trail. here are some of your comments. robert says "rand paul. all the other candidates are horrible. " you who ii can tell have not decided to vote for, clinton and bush." "history repeats. huckabee and santorum will go on to lose the gop nomination." let's go to gary from north carolina. good morning. we will go next to bonnie. caller: yes, good morning. i was hoping that kristi would get it but rubio would be my choice. -- i'mtrump would be the a 72-year-old republican, but donald trump reminds me of a little 10-year-old fighting

every time 70 says i don't like what you are doing. good, why did he filed chapter 11 four times. how much money has he made office suing people. every time he does not like what they say, he sues. when he comes on i turned the tv off. i am so sick and tired of his attitude it's always me, me, me. -- for we paying for him his security? why would he want to move from his golden tower to the white house and downgrade himself? it is ridiculous. if he gets in there with his attitude, if putin says i don't like your tie, he will try to sue them. and then where are we at?

host: jan, trump is angry hillary is not talking about him. maybe she is above that. next on theo alice independent line. guest: i decided to vote for donald trump because i am sick and tired of the clintons. i am tired of the bushes. ande had them for decades they've done nothing for this country. nobody's done anything to close the borders. they want to blame donald trump on talking about immigration. the truth of the matter is they weren't. they had no intentions of doing anything. an immigratione bill, it's because the politicians on both sides have failed the american people. doesn'that donald trump speak eloquently and he says things that are nice but -- are not nice but he speaks his mind. i don't need a politician to tommy what he thinks i want to hear and tell me to not forget

to vote and it does the opposite of what he said he would. i am sick of those. host: who have you voted for in the past? guest: i am an independent so i can go either way. i voted for romney. and i voted for bush. when romney wouldn't step up, i will be honest, i don't care who has money. it doesn't matter. just because you have money doesn't make you bad. the same way as just because you are poor it doesn't make you bad. i look at a person for what's in their heart and how they treat people. politicians, i look at democrats and see the black communities supporting democrats for decades. they've done nothing in the black communities. these kids are frustrated and i grew up in the bronx. they are angry, their schools do not get the attention white neighborhoods get.

the bottom line is this. politicians take money out of poor communities and never give anything back. the middle class is suffering. it's true the rich is getting richer. host: ruth has this comment. please don't insult me with trump. get serious, c-span. send us a tweet on our facebook page. daniel rodriguez says ernie all the way. marissa says anyone for peace, bernie comes to mind. bob says bernie sanders represents the change we need and i'll be looking for candidates all the way down the ticket that represent those values. john is joining us from all of branch, mississippi. i'm going to put for hillary clinton. host: if you can turn the volume down, we are getting and go. echo. go

guest: i want to vote for hillary clinton because she would make a good president. all the stuff going on i think you can get past that and i want to say to the republican they act like there is no violence in the republican states. they are acting like it's just liberal states. i thought i should clarify that. thank you. host: referring to a previous color, karen says love those quote independents back and go either way. from the fact checker, glenn , a bizarre claim as ted .ruz takes a dig at marco rubio ad gang of eight, and a new

taking aim at marco rubio from right to rise, the super pack supporting jet bush. -- jeb bush. after, they can together for a briefing on the terror threat. marco rubio was missing. terror struck again and where was marco? fundraising in new orleans. over the last three years marco has missed more total votes than any other senator. that add-on marco rubio's voting record and his attendance, he has been keeping track of how many people spoke in the senate and the full tally is available and are website at c-span.org. to reset in florida, republican line. guest: good morning and happy new year.

i'm going to be voting for marco rubio and his voting record is not uncommon and i'm not concerned. i am in florida, we love him, he's an immigrant son. he is a generation x. he is young, fresh, smart, has a wonderful family. he is also aware of the middle class. i would love to see him and bernie sanders. the young, free enterprise against the elderly socialist. i think it would be an interesting campaign for president. host: what about your former governor? guest: oh my goodness, no. americans, to think there would be three men from the same family as president.

it's insane. no more bushes, no more clintons. we need a new beginning in america. andeally need to unite grow. i don't think that will happen thinkers. 60's host: thank you for the call. paul says rand paul is the only revolutionary candidate that could give us our liberty back, turn off the media bs and listen to him. we will be covering rand paul, carly fiorina, john kasich, and a jet ocean in new hampshire -- and the jeb bush. mayor, as first black bridge, the city of waterloo, and 15 people to watch in 2016. headline courtesy of the museum -- newseum.

new laws in new hampshire and around the country. guest: my candidate is hillary. for 20 years i voted taste on the fact that i hate abortion and i realized my candidates talk against abortion and nothing changes. way back in 1972i voted for george mcgovern. the republicans won in a landslide. if bernie sanders wins the election in a landslide. i realized in hindsight even though i was against him at the time, as a working poor person we were better off during the clinton administration. hillary clinton is my candidate for those reasons. from the viewer saying i will be voting third party this year. no matter what. paul is next, good morning.

guest: good morning. my candidate is bernie sanders. i believe he is more than aware of the middle class, he is for the middle class. i agree with the previous caller about having no more family members. i think there should be a constitutional amendment prohibiting family members or relatives of past presidents running for office. bernie sanders is my candidate, his honesty and sincerity. i think his experience on a local and national level shines through and he is my candidate. host: that may be a good question down the road so thanks for adding your voice. live tomorrow in cedar, new hampshire, former president bill evident for be at a hillary clinton at 5:15 eastern time. that is also on c-span radio.

let's go to herman from russell, kentucky. guest: my candidate is donald trump. because he's an outsider. i also like carly fiorina. but i will be voting for donald trump. i think most people with the background they have a business, we need somebody elected that knows the stock market and these big banks. they messed up when they did not elect ross perot. he would not have allowed the housing bubble or stock market problems. that's mainly the reason i want to vote for donald trump. i'm really not that seriously into any party.

i live in a state where i am forced to register something in order to deal the vote. therefore i could vote anyway in the bigger elections. i think a person should be able to register for themselves. that's my candidate. mike campbell, donald trump and ted cruz are an embarrassment to the united states. this person supporting bernie sanders. former senator dale bumper has passed away at the age of 90. writing that daily on bumpers who rose from a country lawyer to arkansas governor and served in the senate for 24 years died friday night at his home in little rock, arkansas. he fell on december 12, broke his hip, had surgery, his condition was exacerbated by dementia which began a couple of years ago. q is a fiscally conservative

socially liberal senator not for oratory skills and sharp wit. he emerged from retirement in 1999 to give a famous speech defending bill clinton during bill clinton's impeachment trial in the u.s. senate. bumpers: this is easily the most important vote you will ever cast. you have difficulty because of an intense dislike of the president. that is understandable. rise above it. he is not the issue. gone.l be you won't. precedent froma which we may never recover. and almost surely will regret. bumpers on the senate floor and this is the obituary inside the washington post.

renowned for his oratory, independence, and barbed wit. he died at the age of 90 on friday evening. david, sarasota florida, democrats. good morning. and thankd morning you for putting me on. my candidate is bernie sanders. i believe he has better policies that would help the world and environment. he has more experience than the other candidates. that's who i will support. i would probably support him if he ran again for any other office. kimberly from to washington, pennsylvania. republican line. guest: good morning. i'm voting for donald trump. he is not a politician. these people of where everyone is calling and saying republicans or democrats are at fault, they both are.

together have to vote to get things going and neither one of them has done it. as that low about donald trump's brother? there are a lot of us that it had family members do bad things. it's not our fault. that was low. host: as the piece points out, show me pull this up here. this photograph of a young donald trump his brother, fred. and it was because of that he never consumed alcohol. had ad that he has not drink because of his on brothers demon. guest: my daughter does the same thing. they are not capitalizing on the good side, they are capitalizing on, you know, the bad or whatever they think is bad. that could apply to hillary clinton as well. she has her cheating husband -- i don'td he care what he has to say.

james said i am sorry i slept late, my guess is that allers areders co outnumbering hillary clinton supporters. this could affect the general election and present possible campaign challenges and other key house primaries to watch in 2016, members of congress from both parties will face dangerous challenges long before november. go to bluefield west virginia, kelly is next on the independent line. guest: good morning. you're on the air, go ahead. my candidate is donald trump and he is speaking for the american people and what they want to hear. they are tired of the politics and washington and it is the

same old thing. if somebody else was speaking that same message, i think they would garner the same amount of votes. thank you. host: david says my candidate would be hillary although i love the spirit of most of the center supporters. new haven, connecticut, democrats line. good morning. i want to wish everyone , everyone on the entire staff, a most wonderful new year. i will be watching the state of the union on c-span. you that i will be supporting hillary and for the following reasons. i think her knowledge of foreign policy is probably second to

none. because she also has the knowledge and assistance of her husband. if i may just for a moment. go into donald trump. has equalhe opportunity as all the other candidates to run for president. but to run for president, you have to run with the knowledge that you will be governing the whole country. rhetoric thatthe he has come out with. which i won't even discuss. but second of all, his knowledge of various issues, for instance, he was saying we should ban all muslims. the president of

egypt and the king of jordan are muslims? if he were to have a foreign policy conference, he would have to say to all of the leaders from the entire world, you all can come but not the president of the egypt and not the king of jordan. guess why, they are muslims. president, it's a serious matter. i know he has all kinds of money he can play around with. so be it. that's what capitalism is all about. more than that, what is important is the health and welfare of our country. and where we are going. i respect, very much, those with the intellect to govern our country. host: thank you for your well wishes, we appreciate it. guest: i hope you and your

family and everyone listening to c-span today has a most wonderful happy new year. host: thank you, he made our morning. we have time for one more call. let's go to mark from west of liberty, kentucky. good morning. guest: hey, good morning. i am really undecided. things, donald trump and the way i have been talking about him, we talk about radical islam, i feel that donald trump is a radical american. but's not necessarily bad, i think he would jump the gun. but he's also talking about things the american people want to hear. they're throwing political correctness out the window which is where it needs to be. it's a joke.

as far as the democratic side goes, that whole party is a joke. people just don't understand. starting with raising minimum wage. i'm driving through florida stop atw and a mcdonald's gets a coffee and something for my kids to eat and they want to raise it to $15 per hour? they can't even get a correct order. up and went to college and worked in fast food. i worked my but off. home, my paycheck, i go and i'm proud to be an american i can do that. but i work hard for it. host: marty says bernie sanders is my choice. i will support the democratic dominated but bernie sanders message will hopefully affect the discourse. you can continue the conversation at facebook.com/c-span. we will continue our

conversation on politics with philip klein with the washington examiner to talk about race and where things stand a month before the iowa caucus. also a representative from the fromestate -- lawrence yun the national association of realtors will come. our guest is nicholas rasmussen, he describes what the intelligence community has learned from paris and san bernardino after the challenges facing europe. and the terrorism that struck them earlier in december. guest: i guess if there was a lesson learned, it's that we cannot predict where and from what direction the threats we see next might come from.

host: do you feel you can rely on your partners in europe and many of these individuals being one step away from getting on a flight to the united states? here you have plots under the nose of the officials in belgium and france. are they doing enough to combat this? guest: our partners are confronting something in their societies on a scale that as far different than anything we are seeing. over time, i think they will have to make their own judgments about whether they have the of legalay authorities, resources, money, all of the things necessary to carry out prospective counterterrorism operations inside their own country. that if there is a bit of pollock -- positive news as we dealt with the conflict in syria and iraq, it's that our level of cooperation and engagement with our european

partners has deepened dramatically. the sharing of information about individuals who may be traveling to the conflict sewn, the sharing of information about travelers and the potential threats our citizens and their citizens may pose to each of us. that information sharing is more advanced than it was if we had this conversation 18 months ago. at the same time, your question has been right. paris has brought a set of questions about whether the europeans as a group or even individual countries are postured well enough to deal with the threats they are going to face. this is not something that will go away and six or 12 months. i would expect to see our european partners engage in quite a bit of introspection and self reflection about how to deal with it. he is our guest on c-span's newsmakers program and is the director of the national

counterterrorism center. we have you turned in at 10:00 eastern time here on c-span and heard nationwide on xm and streamed on the web at c-span.org. philip klein is the commentary editor for the washington examiner and we want to talk about where things stand. a month out to iowa and new hampshire, let's begin with candidates not getting as much attention but generating support in iowa and new hampshire and especially new hampshire. chris christie, what is the state of his candidacy? guest: he has put everything on trying to win new hampshire. he's kind of used john mccain as a model in doing a lot of these town hall meetings, straight talk, telling it like it is. seized on ishas drug addiction which is something the national media hasn't really spoken about a lot. if you go up to new hampshire,

it's a very big issue. he's spoken in quite personal terms, talking in one video that went viral, talking about a friend of his from law school who lost everything through an addiction to painkillers. telling a number of stories that really resonated with people. that's something that also shows he is listening to voters and seeing concerns. can he's hoping is that he do well enough in iowa and you are starting to see him campaign more there so that he can potentially win new hampshire. that would put him into the top tier of candidates. nationally, he is still in the low single digits. during the course of the morning we have been showing the campaign ads and here is one from chris christie. hillary clinton will be a third term of barack obama.

foreign policy which has led to the growth of isis, radical islamic terrorism cannot continue. what they want is to impose their way of life on us knowing this race has been more tested. onould name u.s. security september 11, 2001. i've watched the loss and suffering and pain and my number one priority is to make sure there is no other generation of orphans and widows created because of an attack on the american homeland. from this ad,gs how the time of this campaign is changed following san bernardino and the attacks in paris but also where chris christie is trying to position himself in this field. guest: one of the difficulties he has had running for president is they don't have foreign policy experience. if you are in the senate you are on the relevant committees. briefings,ived you've had the understanding and grounding and foreign policy. what he's trying to do is trying

to say he has been tested on foreign policy, which is always a difficult argument to make for governors. they don't have a foreign policy portfolio. he is trying to make the argument that being u.s. attorney on 9/11 somehow qualifies him. i think it will be a difficult argument to make but if the argument available to him. host: speaking of qualifications, this is a part of the piece inside the new york times. insays in the 26 in public -- republican primary, well to the candidate with rogue government experience looking at the first of a marco rubio and senator cruz. no political experience by ben carson and no elected experience by donald trump. guest: i think the more interesting thing is the push, not just against experience, but

against the executive experience. if you look at chris christie, but at also have the other governors have fared, all the candidates to have dropped out, be gentle, rick perry, scott walker, these were all people who were governors and prominent ones. that has been one interesting development. particularly after 2010, people are looking for 2016 and saying that there will be a lot of governors. exception of christie, most of the governors have dropped out. john kasich is still around but his campaign has not taken off. that is one interesting development and could be one that if you are a governor, you're sometimes not as involved in the sort of fights that have

national prominence, such as in ted cruz's case. involving the government shutdown fight and immigration fight. governors, they don't have that same ability. that, to me, has been more interesting. peopleer factor has been are rebelling against any idea of the sort of establishment. they feel that the people who are the establishment and have gone through the normal path have failed them time and again. that's why you're seeing candidates like donald trump gain traction and ben carson for a while. now accepting applications for president, will or no experience preferred from inside the new york times sunday magazine.

also out with a best-selling book, the presidency in black and white. she is frequent the on this network and is following us. saying really good show this morning, i would love to get the consensus of those chiming in on who will be the next president. want to answer her question? i am kind of pumped in the sense that on the republican the campaign has been so unpredictable. over the summer i said that donald trump has peaked and harry are in january -- in january and he is a top of the polls. i would say in this sense, i think it is likely to be, the

democratic nominee will obviously be hillary clinton. on the republican side, it's unclear who the nominee will be, however i think marco rubio, if you are just looking at electability. i'm not endorsing anyone but if you look at electability, he pulls the best against hillary clinton. maybe i would say it would be hillary clinton or marco rubio. i've a difficult time believing that donald trump, if you are the nominee, would be elected. story thatsted a said a trump winwood validate -- a trump win would validate the stereotype against conservatives. guest: liberals have been trying to argue that every republicans success betrays that in some sense, not to any sort of substance, but really to a sense of white resentment.

see, whether it is tax cuts or limited asernment, they see that coded racism. we want to take benefits away from minorities and that's what conservatism is about. that's really news to conservatives of my generation who came of age well after the civil rights movement. drawn toere conservative ideas because of the fact that they want government off our back and more freedom and the ability to do what they want as long as they don't harm others in the process. this, there's always been this back and forth andt liberals conservatives. where liberals always see racism and conservative messages. if donald trump were to become the nominee, in a candidacy that

callsen book ended by talking about mexicans being and banning muslims from entering the united states, where at the same time on all the traditional litmus test issues for conservatives, he is not conservative. whether it is property rights, abortion, taxes, health care, he is not consistently conservative. he's taken a lot of liberal positions. if on the substance he's not conservative, what yet he is sort of saying a lot of things the feed into the idea republican party is about white resentment. if you are able to win, -- if he was able to win, it would give credence to what liberals were saying.

i don't believe the republican electorate is about that. i don't think he will be the nominee. i could be proven wrong and maybe a lot of conservatives will have to talk about where the republican party is. host: he is the commentary editor for the washington examiner and we welcome our listeners on c-span radio. he is a graduate of george washington university earning his masters from columbia university's graduate school of journalism and the author of a 2012 e-book, conservative survival in the run the era. he was previously a financial report for reuters and his work is available online at washington examiner.com. another ad on the air in iowa and new hampshire on the ted cruz campaign.

ted cruz: i'm ted cruz and i approve this message. host: those issues are attached for evangelical voters in iowa. supporting the pledge of allegiance, the second amendment, and support of the cross. , rightthis is clearly now, the campaign hinging on its ability to win iowa. he is the clear front runner there are now having wrapped up a lot of considerable endorsements. his big threat among have seen their candidacy fade or never take off like in the case of end carson and rick santorum. and mike huckabee.

the two previous winners, their candidacy has not taken off. he sees a clear path to victory and is trying to seize on that and point to some of his fights when he was a lawyer before he joined the senate which is when most people are familiar with him. host: let's get to phone calls. mike is joining us from georgia. good morning mike. guest: hey steve, how are you this morning. every time i call, you are on mike. i'm telling you, it's like we are connected. klein, i am a proud son of the south which by definition makes me ignorant. i need some guidance and i think the american public needs guidance. on one hand, we have the democrats that one of their

candidates is under an fbi investigation which is what they're talking about. is,other leading candidate now he calls himself a democratic socialist but up until this year she has been calling himself a regular socialist. on the republican side have a cartoon character for back of this lack of a better term. -- for lack of a better term. and we have ted cruz who is out there. i remember one of his debates before being a senator or he said he's not going to washington to compromise. on?can we depend within we trust? i wish you would in lightness with your knowledge of ?hich way do we need to go> i appreciate your time and happy new year. guest: thank you for the call.

i think the frustration that you have, a lot of people have a similar frustration with the way the 2016 races played out. it's not really my position to say who you should vote for or support because a lot of people have different issues that are important for them. people, they feel ted cruz is principled and will fight for the ideals they believe in. some people like marco rubio because they find that he has an inspiring personal story and feel that he is conservative and can be electable. some people like donald trump because they feel like he is not politically correct and is willing to speak his mind and not be bound by the media.

you could go down the list and there are different attributes people see in various candidates. it's difficult for me to say, given that people have a lot of different views on different issues, who everyone should vote for. the latest batch of e-mails released on new year's eve, what's up with that? guest: the idea of what happened is that under a court order that was under the freedom of , the state act department has until the end of every month to release e-mails. by the end of every month doesn't necessarily mean it has to be the last day. however as it has turned out, they have waited to the last day of every month to release in december, the last day of the month is to sever 31st. -- december 31.

in this case they missed the deadline because they were supposed to release 8800 e-mails and only released about five and a half thousand. they said they will release more in the upcoming week. also, some of the way the e-mails were identified didn't include things like too, from, and the subject line. timeve journalists a tough on new year's eve trying to weave through some of the e-mails. the e-mails she was not happy to learn she had been photoshop to out of that picture of her with the president, the vice president, watching the events unfold with the caption killing of bin laden. one hasidic newspaper ran the image. but she was not in that photograph. she was in the official white house photograph and you can get

that sense of her angst as she watched the events on hold -- unfold, giving you insight into how closely she was monitoring her public persona. guest: it's pretty clear if you look through the e-mails that we've gotten that there are constant e-mails to magazine and how did this go over and headed back over. there is a very clear understanding of public perception and another e-mail regarding this photo that had gone viral of her in sunglasses on her blackberry. it became a meme on the internet. she was trying to figure out why this had caught on. she was trying to understand how things takeoff on the internet. host: kathleen joining from chicago, democrats line. guest: i have three of your candidates and i want to

asked mr. klein starting with donald trump. ,ave a video this morning showing they are using him to recruit terrorists. i'm surprised c-span didn't pass that. with chris christie. host: stay on the line but this is the headline from inside the washington post. donald trump featured in the jihadist recruiting video with hillary could in making reference last month. -- hillary clinton making reference last month. i think the point that i iuld make is that, look, don't have to agree with everything he says, but one thing i will say is we live in a free country. we cannot be rolled are dictated by how terrorists perceive rhetoric. people can say whatever they want, but you are talking about

people that the head innocent people -- the head innocent people the crash that killed people, they destroy historical monuments. they try to take over the middle east and turn it into a the aquatic caliphate -- theocratic caliphate. people in the u.s. shouldn't have to moderate rhetoric on the basis of what these people will do. they will turn anything into a recruitment. host: cnn has posted a video on its website. in a statement by donald trump, it would ban all muslims coming in and the terrorists are using this to recruit especially asking muslims in the u.s.. you are still on the line. guest: you have chris christie

and i will tell this guy something. what you said about them beheading people. this has happened to us in this country so let me get to chris christie. here's a man who wants to run this country but yet outside of his office you have five people doing bridge gate. if you cannot take care of your office and find out what's going on right there under your nose, how will you run the country? last but not least is ted cruz. 60 times he voted to get rid of obamacare. he helped shake down the government to the tune of $25 billion. day he said he was going to run for president you will get out of obamacare. his wife stepped down from her job and the first thing ted cruz went to is getting rid of obamacare. how can you trust somebody like that?

you get on tv and tell what republicans have been doing but if barack obama was talking like donald trump you would be eating him up. let's be fair, people are not ignorant here. we know what's going on so treat us like it. guest: there were a lot of things there. i think ted cruz opposes obamacare because he believes, and i grew them, that it is detrimental -- and i agree with him that it is detrimental. i i think the idea of people on obamacare, members of congress, the part of that is the rules requiring where members of congress and people have to register. there was an issue in washington, d.c. where people had to go on the obamacare exchange in order to get health insurance because you could not legally buy it outside

obamacare. d.c., because they have a small market, actually forced people into the obamacare exchange. of ted cruztly sure 's specific health care situation, i know it's been the specific for d.c.. it has c-span ignored bridge gate? of course we didn't and we are now. -- are not now. guest: so far it has not been as much of an issue because he has been pulling in the single digits. now that he's moved into double digits and is a potential threat to win new hampshire, you will see more scrutiny. and there will be more scrutiny of bridge gate, more scrutiny of his record of gun control, more

scrutiny of his physical record in new jersey where there's been multiple threat downgrades where he has not solved the tengion crisis. i think this is the stage, you have a free pass kind of for a while or you are nowhere in the polls. but he will start receiving more scrutiny. gun control will be a big issue for him. that's a big issue in the republican electorate in new hampshire. who: this is from james said i may vote for chris christie just for the fact that he is the only candidate who tells voters that politicians lie to them about social security. one of his earliest speeches we carried was on entitlement programs. thing i think that is one he has going for him. but if you look on the opposite end of the spectrum, since donald trump has said he won't do anything about entitlement.

that's kind of an issue, i agree with him on. politically,is, how much of that works because you have a lot of older folks who are voting in the republican primary horror on social security. i would also add that jeb bush has put out a social security reform plan. he has also talked about the need to make significant changes. have serious xm, this program is carried live on the potus channel, 124. we look at our listeners across the country and on c-span radio. republican line with philip klein, washington examiner, good morning. if you can turn the volume down. montana.m calling from

i am scared to death of donald trump. i think he will lose any chance republicans have of winning should he be the candidate. which i personally don't think he will be. i venture chris christie for 2.5 years, i like the way he govern new jersey. a democratic state, he still pulled a 66 and 65% of the vote. guest: what you are seeing now ,s kind of interesting in that when i was up in new hampshire recently, what i saw was a lot of support for donald trump but there were a lot of undecided voters or voters that were split among a lot of it from candidates who did not like trump but they had not consolidated around one person.

when i think you will start to see in new hampshire is this sort of consolidation. that has benefited donald trump is there have been so many candidates running and they are not dropping out of the race. the anti-trump float is split among a lot of different candidates. like i said, chris christie has gained in new hampshire because of several things he has going for him. the question of whether he can withstand scrutiny. review,side the weekend writing marco rubio does not add up and concluding with this point wondering whether or not he will burn out before he catches fire. guest: a lot of people are talking about that with marco rubio. i don't know if it is burning out as opposed to never really taking off.

on paper a lot of people see marco rubio as perfect. hispanic, he comes across as hip and has the ability in theory to collect -- connect with a lot of demographic groups that republicans need to attract and he's into democratic advantages in the presidential election. he has a conservative voting record generally speaking, yet he does not spook the establishment. people on paper have always argued that he is a natural candidate for the republicans. he has had difficulty escaping the low double digits. he in a goodis, is place? is he sort of sitting back there around third-place, like if we

will use the horse race and saving up so hurt in the final stretch he makes a he stay in the back of the pack? one thing ever -- one thing i wrote in a recent column is speculating that right now as i that rubio is, on paper, doing the best against hillary clinton. not very focused on electability right now in the polls. they arelt of that, able to gravitate toward candidates such as donald trump. let's say hillary clinton, who now is seen as a week candidate

seen as having to topple the time beating bernie sanders, but if she crushes bernie sanders and bulldozers through new hampshire? suddenly the threat of hillary clinton becomes much more real. you have victory rallies of her and bill clinton, the whole clinton clan and stories about the coronation that will make republican voters gag. does that trigger a feeling of having to find somebody who is ? does thatectable change where the primary is? does that work to the benefit of rubio? the tactics he has used against ted cruz and immigration and foreign-policy have not done much to help marco rubio.

host: we are in new hampshire of this week including tomorrow where former president bill clinton will be at a hell of a question organizing rally and event. the town hall is in exeter, new hampshire. next week we will cover ohio governor john case against senator rand paul. florida governor jeb bush.to schedule is available on our website at c-span.org. another viewer saying any consolidation of votes will be ted trump -- ted cruz and donald trump supporters. one writes in referring to donald trump as the affluenza candidate. referencing ethan couch, the texas teen who ran over for people. jim, melrose, massachusetts. good morning. democrats line. morning, i hope you

obtain all your goals for the coming year. i will tell you my longshot. i think bernie sanders will win the presidency. host: how? guest: he appeals to the workers , the working men and women. they're the ones who would have the most votes in the ballot. wageurse, the $15 minimum and the aid to schooling, he has a plan that leads me to him. i do confess some bias. host: thanks for the call. guest: thank you for the call and new year's wishes. best to you as well. i think bernie sanders does not have a chance to win. i think the nomination or the presidency. is that so far,

he has had a difficult time appealing to african-americans. ,articularly as you go south african-american voters make up a huge percentage of the voters in a democratic primary. they much prefer hillary clinton .ight now sanders has had difficulty making inroads. that's why i don't think he will win the nomination. if by some miracle i am wrong and he does win, i don't think he will win the presidency because i think his socialist message is too far to the left of where the american people are. hillary clinton raising $37 million, the details available in today's washington post article. the sender's campaign out with a new ad in new hampshire. bernie sanders: is the economy rigged?

richest americans have combined more wealth than the -- i'm bernie sanders and i approve this message. my plan is to make the ultra rich and banks play their fair share. making sure equal pay for women. the middle class will continue to disappear unless we level the playing field. with your help, we will. michael has this tweet. has bernie sanders succeeded? what have establishment democrats thought he would if congress. succeededhink he has more than establishment democrats thought. if you look at early polling, there was a lot of support for elizabeth warren and trying to draft her into the race. what this is is that there is a very powerful progressive side of the democratic primaries.

what you are seeing is on the happening onde, the democratic side as well in not asse that there is much of an acceptance of the old establishment idea of what is unelectable candidate. sides in democrats and republicans have different reasons for thinking their side will win and the other side is weak. republicans think hillary clinton is a scandal plagued, a terrible candidate, she can't .in anyone can beat her so why should i settle for anyone other than the person i agree with that is closest to me regardless of what the pundits say about electability? on the democratic side you are seeing something similar, which

is that a lot of liberals are very confident in the democrats ability to win the presidency because of the democratic trend i talked about. the rising hispanic population, where young voters are going, advantagemocratic among women. they're feeling confident that whoever they put up will be whoever the republicans have. feelresult of that, they why not go for broke and instead of having to compromise my candidate, have someone that represents the progressive socialist or democratic , aggressivelyes anti-wall street message when you have hillary clinton who has very close ties to wall street and goldman sachs and is part of the old way of thinking among and democratic circles.

that i thinkf there was always an opening for a sanders type candidate. originally people thought maybe it will be elizabeth warren but it ended up being bernie sanders. host: david in carlisle, pennsylvania. good morning. good morning. my question has to do with if trump is the nominee, what kind of an impact will that have on the voters? many independent voters will oppose him and republicans and democrats. how much of an impact will that have on republican candidates in the senate and house if those candidates refuse to say they don't support trump? how many voters will vote i think yeah just outlined the

reason that a lot of republicans are worried about the prospect of a trump candidacy. even though he has very passionate followers. he also had a lot of people that really hate him including within the republican party, people that don't like the fact that all the things that outrageous things he said. people see him more as a reality show figure. that he like his -- tamente, in the past it is they fear they're going to have problems in plu states which are already going to be

challenging, places like illinois, wisconsin, pennsylvania. florida. places where -- ohio. places where they're already worried about being able to hold the senate there. and if there's a strong publican candidate, then the ability to hold those seats is a lot more improved. we often talk about the sort of gap between what the presidential candidate does and what the same party's senate or congressional candidate does. so you want to narrow that gap as much as pofpblet so let's say republican candidate loses pennsylvania but loses by 3 to 5% then that's easier for pat too manyy to say, ok, i've got to convert a few percent of those voters who are voting for hillary clinton, i've got to

have them cross over and vote for me. but if the gap is 10 or 20% then you have to depend on a lot of crossover voters. and that's a big problem. >> we are 29 days until the iowa caucuses. our guest is phillip kline of the weash examiner. republican line. good morning. caller: good morning. happy new year to both of you. host: and to you as well. caller: thank you so much. i took a different approach this year on voting. i took all the canned dates written books, i sat down and read each candidate's book that they put out. as i see on the republican side i can see where donald trump crippled america and with ted

cruz. between them two, i kind of like them both because of the -- cruz is a good liltgailtor from what i learned from his book. and trump, who keeps saying that he wants to make america great again. and wants to bring jobs stuff like that back to the country. now, i realize that's what the two of them are basically both saying. and then when i look at the democrat's side i look at hillary and what bill's done in he basically worked me out of a job. and as a result both me and my wife both lost our jobs. we never did get to the pension state. we ended up having to go to other jobs because they closed the steel mill down and she was in the medical field

transcribing, which clinton opened that up and as a result in the transcript and stuff like that, all of india does our transcribing for our medical now. as a result of reading all the books, i really do believe that donald's really got the best terests in america and the democrats are more worried about going out of the country instead of staying in the country. host: i want to give him a chance to respond. thank you. guest: i would just respond to say clearly what the caller expressed is one reason why donald trump has had a certain appeal. is that there are a lot of people for whom the country isn't working and who are struggling economically and who remember a time when america

they felt was much stronger economically. and clearly trump with his sorted of braveedo and saying theaches going to love america he wants to make it great and is going to fight for americans first. that clearly resonates with certain people. host: you made reference to the carson campaign. we will get more tomorrow as dr. carson is scheduled to hold a conference tomorrow in washington, d.c. to the carson campaign. top ass, top campaign officials

indicates people are jumping out of a sinking ship. sometimes they do end up changing the campaign. host: we saw that with john kerry, john mccain. guest: ronald reagan on the day of the new hampshire primary basically most of his staff was out. that was part of reagan sort of taking control over his campaign. he went on to win new hampshire and obviously the nomination. but -- so it's not necessarily whenever there's a campaign

shakeup. it's just when you're a month out from iowa caucuses you've earned -- you were once a leader in iowa and you've gone consistently down. it obviously makes it seem that the campaign is sort of in chaos. but he still has money but he still raised a lot of money and he still is popular among rticular type of voters, about t cbn talked evangelical. he sort of fits into that lane. so whether or not he can make a comeback and if he does it seems like cruz, who has benefited the most from carson's fall, would be hurt the most if carson does make a comeback. host: and then carson raising $24 million.

john serious fired by the reagan campaign. orma from england. caller: quick question. i think out of the box. i don't think the republican want actually the faceed to win the election. i don't think they wanted to win the election in 2008 because you have a war that is unsolveable, you have a financial crisis that's insolveable and you have more ower protesting about those in power. host: thanks for the call. what about that theory? guest: that republicans don't want to win? i think republicans want to win. i think that the issue is that there's not sort of a republican committee that decides who is the nominee. if it were up to the republican

establishment, the race would have turned out a lot differently. so it's up to voters. and voters, one, are being sick of being told that you have to sacrifice the ideals and you have to not vote for the person you agree with more because you have to be concerned about electability. two, they don't trust the sort of washington pundit class establishment class to tell them who and who isn't electable. host: we will look for your work on line at washington examiner.com. that's for stopping by. appreciate it. thanks for having me. when we come back just how is the housing market and real estate industry doing? we're going to check in to take a look ahead at 2016. of course with the national association of realtors. and later mary cunningham will

be here to talk about homelessness and american veterans. we are in oakland, california, on c-span 2's book tv and american history tv on c-span-3. and at 2:00 eastern time, 11:00 for those on the west coast, on c-span-3 american history tv we will take a look at the oakland museum in california as we look at the depression and work of photographs. >> made some of the most recognized photographs in the world. from the great depression, the migrant mother the one that everyone has seen and become a symbol of the great debris pression. the whole grapes of wrath. it's really those three artists. woody's music, stineback's literature. and lang's photographs, that

have created the image and the mental picture that we have. one of our favorite sayings is that a camera is an instrument that teaches us how to see without a camera. hat is what she was all about. >> some of those iconic photographs. we're featuring it this weekend art of c-span's city tour. you can also catch it today on -span 2's book tv. >> tonight on q&a two-time pulitzer prize winner cartoonist michael ramirez on his career and book of cartoons. >> i have this figure that's kind of a conglom ration of extremists as really settlers. and a palestinian figure, if

you notice, he's on a prayer rug but he has his shoes on. both these figures are sort of utilizing a false religion for political purpose. so it just proves that once again i am an equal opportunity ffender. host: i want to welcome back the exee chief economist and senior vice president. thanks for being with us again. guest: thanks for having me. host: based on what we saw in 2015, what can we expect? guest: 2015 was a good recovery year. we are still a little short in terms of the all-time high in prices. in terms of home sales a decent gain of 6 to 7%. we are still tallying up the

december numbers. but overall home sales. but we are well short of the bubble activity of 2005 and actually that's a good thing because we are having more moderate recovery. nothing frensied. so overall home owners saw a large gain in over $1 trillion in housing wealth and aggregate more people buying and selling. one drawback is that home ownership rates still remain low and the younger people are aving a hard time becoming a homeowner. or host: let me go back to two figures based on your prediction. existing home sales 3% new home sales up 17%. first of all, homeowner. or why the discrepancy between the two numbers? what does that tell you about the new housing market? guest: 2016 we continue to expect a third growth. but growth in home sale will see much more moderate because of the rising interest rate and oring.

if the new homes that have really struggled to come back alive. so they're starting from a much lower base figure. and they have much more room to grow. and given that we have a using shortage in many parts of the country, home builders, if they are building they are able to sell. so that should provide some add incentive for new home construction to be more active in 2016. host: let's look at the millenials. about builders, if they are building they are able to sell. so that should provide some add incentive for new home construction to be more active in 2016. host: let's look at the millenials. about 94% of current renters under the age of 35 wants to buy a home. your organization that 53% of renters say they can't afford to buy a new home and about half say the economy is improving, about 44% think it's still in a recession. >> statsically they measure by whether or not the g.d.p. shrank by two consecutive quarters. so there is a tangled definition. but most americans are not basing on the g.d.p. numbers,

but on their wage growth. and just overall feel for the economy. and they are saying that they are not seeing improvements. so over 40% say that they are still believe that we are in a recession. but regarding home ownership, people still believe that home ownership is part of their dream. over 90% imply even though it may not be now but once the economy improves their financial situation improves they want to be part of that american dream of ownership. property owners. and that's very appealing and welcoming trefpblet because it is the struggle on the commin economy, the affordability issue that is evidently holding back the buyers of potential buyers from transitioning from renting into ownership. >> stpwhroo reality track.com is also keeping track of home foreclosures. and still a fair amount in florida and nevada. guest: there is still a

residual foreclosure that through the housing bubble and bust that still needs to go through the system. some of the timing of the foreclosures can lead to certain increases. but large trend is that we have thinned out the pipeline. so we are now seeing less than 10% of all property sales as being classified as distressed. meaning, it was a foreclosure sale or thinned out the pipeline. so we are now seeing less than 10% required a short sale because the home value has declined more and the mortgage out -- smorge balance. but 10% is much lower than one third of the market just a few years ago. so the housing market, as with anything, with time is steadily healing. host: who should be a renter and who should be a buyer? guest: well, the renting population overall the trend has been the younger people. they want the flexible. also they don't have the financial capacity. they have yet to develop the financial exasstifment and

generally people in their 20s are renter. but overtime they steadily improve. but one thing should not try to pursue as whether in terms of individual decision or as a government policy is trying to force upon easy mortgages that for people who are unwilling to take the responsibility of ownership into becoming home owners because that as we have seen that's let to large foreclosures. so we need to ensure that the home ownership involves personal responsibility, we want to ensure that credit goes to people who can repay the borrowed money and have much healthier long-term sustainable home ownership market. host: as you know, the website keeping track of home prices and interest rates. the average price of a home is just over 183,000. interest rates you're predicting will increase by about 1 percentage point to 4.5% this year.

guest: mortgage rates have been under 4% throughout 2015. it's probably going to rise i should say most likely going to rise because the federal reserve has already boosted up the short-term rates and looks like they will do several additional rounds of boosting over the next couple of years. so it's not a one and done interest rate policy but it will be multiple rounds. and that will begin to push up the longer term rates including mortgage rates. it's not a direct one-to-one relationship, but it's a general direction from the federal reserve will begin to push up the mortgage rates. host: we have divided our phone lines different lifment eastern or central time zones. for those of you out west. and if you either bought or sold a home in 2015 we would like to hear from you.

are people who want to get loans and are able to get a loan financially getting those loans? guest: we are beginning to see that more people are able to get access to mortgages now than before. at first the economy, even though it's been a sluggish recovery, it is growing, which means that it is allowing the number of people, giving them improvement in their overall finances. secondly, originated mortgages not past five years defaulting. therefore, there is a greater incentive to open up the credit and make the mortgage accessibility to wider numbers of peoples so we are beginning

to see that trend. but by historical standards today we are still on that side compared. we are not yet back to normal. >> which is why we get this tweet saying bankers are flush with money. why aren't they lending. guest: one reason is first they are being extra careful in light of the fact that they lost money during the bust period. second is excessive regulation, at least that's what the bankers are indicating. further more seeing so much new financial regulation coming on that some of these -- particularly the smaller sized banks have much labor hours spent on compliance issue and that is holding back some of the lending potential. in fact, i would say that the home building activity has been somewhat slower to recover partly for the reason that the community banks, they historicically had a very good relationship with home builders

but because of the excessive regulation they are just holding back and being extra conservative. >> this is an obvious question but why does the housing industry the real estate market drive the economy so much? guest: first, you know, with nearly two thirds of americans are home owners, they're interested in how the housing value moves. in fact, most mick families, the largest source of wealth is in their housing. for the people in the top tier they have wealth in bond market stock market but for the middle class it's about the housing. the second part is that the direct contribution through the g.d.p. is close to 10%. but the indirect contribution -- indirect contribution is coming from people with consumer confidence, rising housing wealth that leads to people wanting to buy furniture. you spend more money. so it has a large influence and it is a good thing that the residential construction component of the broader economy, being a little more --

rising at 10%. that is certainly leading the u.s. economy to avoid a recession currently. host: we're going to get to your phone calls in just a moment. but here is janet yellen who was asked about interest rates and the economy. they also talked about the housing market. >> consumers are in much healthier financial condition. they're prospects have improved. we see them buying cars. housing has been recovering very slowly. but the demographics would point to considerable upside for residential investment. my mainline forecast is for gradual recovery. ut there is upside risk there. host: so cautious as the fed

increases interest rates. but as you alluded to more are expected in the year ahead. guest: absolutely. the federal reserve has had the interest rate at 0 for multiple years. and now essentially they are saying let's try to get it up to normal. but it's going to take at least two or three years to get it back up to normal. and the economy is improving. we are seeing the unemployment rates, certainly not back to normal conditions but the federal reserve is signaling the worst is over and therefore would not need this massive additional monetary stimulus ny more. therefore, they are beginning to slowly raise the rates. and let's see. i believe that it will be about three rounds of additional increase in therefore, they are 2016. nother three rounds of increase in 2017. so we are clearly in a rising interest rate environment and that will begin to push up the mortgage rates. host: the chief economist and senior vp for the national

association of realtors. he is a graduate of purdue university increase in in indiana. earned his master's from university of maryland college park. let's go to steven. good morning. caller: good morning, america. i'm really surprised that c-span has selected this organization to push their p.r. on their infomercial this morning. there is nothing real about the national association of realtors or the data that they push out the newspapers or internet. it's all cherry picked. and the real stuff is buried. and as far as bringing up the federal reserve, where were the federal reserve back in 2006 and 2007 when i watched on c-span bernanke saying there is absolutely no bubble in the real estate market. it's base clay big con job pushed on to americans, home larly american new

owners. they have sucked up an awful lot of money out of the economy. much too expensive real estate. and basically the federal home owners reserve never left the real estate marked dropped back to real value that they should have let it go down another 10% and then we would have a lot of new home should have let it go down another 10% and then we would have a lot of new home owners. buying new sales. but i see real estate ads all the time and they're nothing but made-up cherry sales. but i see real estate ads all the time and they're nothing but made-up cherry picked statistical data that's benefiting the industry. that's one big con job. host: who or what is your source of information when it comes to the housing market and the economy? or this sector of the economy? caller: the economists. well, it's a lot of bad information but i particularly like web sites. basically disassembles all the crazy information that this national association of

realtors puts out every day and notes the cherry picked data and how they bury the real data and the way they talk about investment property and sold to chinese. yes that pushes up our market. then they use the median average when it's to their benefit. and then they use a mean average when it's to the benefit of the other direction. the i was waiting in the other room pfment you certainly have someone homes. and existing home with a differ view from me. but the reality is that in over 90% of homes are sold by our members. and when we look at the customer satisfaction, they are indicating that they give high approval of the realtors that they had worked with. so americans, 90% of americans are fairly satisfied with how their real estate market is moving. and the service they're receiving from their members. having said that, certainly one can look into various analysis.

some are quite in-depth. some are -- one can say a little different perspective. but the data that we provide is always on a consistent dafse. so when the person mentions sometimes median is used, i'm not sure where he is getting the information because we provide a very consistent set ofdaya. host: we appreciate you being here. katie from texas. good morning. caller: yes. afe lot of -- i've been in and out of the buying market my whole life. i'm a senior citizen and i've been there and done that. but i have a lot of grandchildren that are in their late 20s, early 30s, and they're in the rental market, and in -- to buy homes like here in texas and a few other states. colorado and stuff. so high that

they can't even really afford to pay rent in this area. i mean, 750 for a one-bedroom apartment. 1,000 for a two-bedroom apartment. and it's almost cheaper to buy than it is to rent. and i was wondering so high tha they can't if there was any programs available out there for these people that are maybe a little bit below what they consider middle class income or women with children that unmarried single women with children where they can get into homes that are reasonably priced so they can afford to pay for them and not have -- eventually have them foreclosed on. it seems like that's what happens when they -- >> stop you and get a response. thank you for your comments. guest: right now we have essentially zero inflation in the overall consumer price index which is the reason why the social security check is seeing no cost of living adjustment this year.

but some of the components is very interesting. as the caller mentioned, the rent. rents are now rising at 8-year high. the reason why it is rising at 8-year highs is we have a housing shortage. our organization has been just saying that we have the underproduction of new homes. whether it's single family or the multifamily apartment. and that would lead to higher housing costs for americans. d right now they are feeling that effect. one of the things directly related to the caller's question is that many of these tates housing agencies apply require some type of down payment loan or direct payment so inquire into the state housing agency or local. at the federal level the fha mortgages have 3.5% down payment.

they may want to inquire whether or not they qualify. the lenders are much tighter now than before. but given that we are in a rising home value and they may want to inquire whether or not with interest rates likely to rise in a the home values suggest that either it is slightly below normal compared to rent or we are notcome, so in any public situation for most parts of the country and i think once you inquire about mortgage and qualifying for mortgage, but also check with various state housing agencies to see if there is assistance for moderate-income households. host: carol responding saying, i like him very much. he gives very good information and pleasant to listen to. john, did you buy or sell this past year?

caller: in 2012, we bought a wert sale and this year, bought and other -- it was just a place for sale because a lot of places are going under foreclosure, so we bought a house in florida in 2012. in 2015, we bought another place in pennsylvania. we did not go to the bank because we bought, at a low stock markete the -- but the banks are so strict and difficult, it is not like years ago you could go to the bank -- hey, listen, i want to borrow money -- today, it is like going through so much litigation and paperwork. if your credit is still good, it is not like we are going to give you the money. i question to lawrence is, when is the truth going to cannot and tell the american people that we should give money? when will the money be released by the banks?

it is so strict today. before 2008 and everything took a downturn, everything was better. isce 2000 eight, everything strict and it is the people who work hard and try to get ahead that are paying the price. there are so many foreclosures that people are not aware of. we are on the brink of another collapse and i wanted to let people know. i would give them a tour of all of the short sales, foreclosures in pennsylvania. florida is any better because they were hit before 2008, but i wanted to ask the question -- when is the banks going to release the money? thanks -- the banks have plenty of capital to work with and they're are trying to meet requirements just in case that is mandated. furthermore, many banks have been hit with lawsuits and they have quickly settled the lawsuits.

as a result of some of the legal threats, they are hesitant. anything that is new, they want credit and be sure that there is no threat of lawsuit coming from the government. i think some of the clarity regarding new regulations, but we are beginning to see it opening up. as the caller mentioned, the transactions, people buying property all cash, still remains quite elevated at about .25 of all transactions, which implies the banks are being very tight on their lending or that there is an excessive [indiscernible] leading to that result. with the gradual opening up, i had mentioned that the interest-rate environment, we may see lending for home purchase because now that there

is greater -- at least regarding the default rate -- the banks may want to buy more loans. host: jan saying, go to your credit union. guest: people should look at all . a credit union is one additional source. consumers should check out additional competition. competition is the source of getting the best prices. you are listening on c-span radio or serious xm channel 124, our topic is a housing market and what to expect in 2016. our guest is lawrence yun and mary is our next caller from maryland. yun, i question is when you get to figures for 3% for house bill and 17% for new

house sales, i wonder if you could break down the difference between single-family homes or town houses and condos? washington has experienced an enormous building of condos, especially luxury condos over the last four years or five years, and they continue to print pictures for homeownership and it is cheating this ingle family homes on the market, but they tend to be in the core cities where people don't use cars. they tend to lend out to first home buyers that went out to a -- that renttever out to friends or whatever. if they stay and have children, it is an implication for school district's around the city and all the cities with enormous buildings of condos. peer you address and differentiate those two types of

property prices? in somee have seen that cities, the condominium is more popular in relation to the .ingle-family one of the drivers of the trends is demographics. the younger people, the young professionals, they want to live closer in town and they want to walk in the community, so it is providing that avenue. the second reason is the baby boomers, who are retiring, and they do not want to have that large backyard, large sized home anymore now that they are empty-nesters. and they are lower maintenance. the other driver is that in major cities with traffic jams and washington, d.c., is one of those cities, people want to avoid a long commute. one of the ways is the public transport of metro. at leastum development in washington, d.c., and we can look at other major cities,

their developing right along the metro lines so that more people can utilize the public transport. california, a store yesterday in "the washington post," what comes to mind is the bubble. this is a story about a couple looking to buy a home in silicon valley. home that included the original g metal cabinets and it is a tear down being offered for $1.5 million. to buy an average home that would cost $300,000 in wisconsin would cost $3 million to $4 million in silicon valley. guest: i was in silicon valley a few months ago, so things are really abnormal in that market. it may be abnormal as a new normal, at least in that part of the country because it is driven by technology workers. people working at global, facebook and other high-tech

companies. they are getting large options and they are unwilling to build, meaning more highs rise condominiums, so as a result, they are experiencing a significant housing shortage. at the same time, the job growth rate is one of the fastest in the country, and these are high paying jobs, so you have a situation where demand is strong , supply is very limited, so you go to a bidding war and the prices are very high, exceeding by any degree of normality. areahole san francisco bay has always been what people would say, overpriced, but this overpriced continues decade after decade with the job market being solid and the land is running out. househunting on a typical sunday and the other part of

this story is the impact it has on the more medium skilled workers, police, firefighters, teachers, who cannot afford $1 million to $2 million for a starter home. guest: new developments, particularly condominiums, there has to be a housing component to it so that people who are not working in public services, teachers, police officers, they do have access to live in the city. that is some of the goals at the city officials could look into. the other part is that because home prices are so expensive in the silicon valley, we are seeing more high tech companies migrate out of the city and into places like salt lake city, oregon, and they are feeling those markets. at some point, something has a give and high-tech companies are saying, maybe we want to have our employees live in affordable countries of the region. host: the headline at washington

post.com -- also, issued his front page of "the post." william joins us from minneapolis. if you buy or sell this past year? caller: i bought this past year. i just wanted to say to mr. yun that pretty much all of the callers that colvin, the first theer was -- that call in, first caller was talking that help housing prices should have dropped him percent and i agree. the market has not stabilized since the last bus. i think i paid way too much for my home, which i knew already in my head. i think the second caller talked about renter prices being through the roof and they still did not fall, which is why i bought. afterst -- the caller that talked about how he is into

buying and selling and how there is a surplus of foreclosures on keepsrket, but mr. yun saying there is a housing shortage. i just do not believe nothing coming out of his mouth right now because i think we are in for another major downturn in the housing market. i do not know how he is not listen to the callers, so i don't know where he is getting the facts from, but apparently, he is not listening to a people are telling him in the real world. host: thank you, william. guest: we do and get a lot of responses from local realtor markets and we look at statistics like housing startups which is produced by the u.s. federal government, and over the past 10 years, the housing start has been underperforming. historically, america produces about one point 5 million new homes each year. this is to accommodate about 3 million additional people living

in the country. we are living in a growing population country and we need to build more homes. beene past decade, we have producing less than one million year after year. the construction market has been in a depression and this ofumulation and lack production is losing to the housing crunch and the supply and demand would sate less supply and we have a growing arelation and job markets beginning to recover it, values are rising. organization has been advocating for homebuilders to build more, so the friction related to the community bank and related to regulation, and we need to maybe relax some of the regulations through the construction loans for the community and they can make more loans. we have additions and the rent is that a high and home prices

when the longer peek out, so we need more supply in order to make homes more affordable. that is one area. the second area is where we are seeing a great shortage of labor in the construction industry. some builders were able to pay loans say they have a difficult time finding the right construction workers. maybe this is an opportunity for people to transition into construction working industries because they risk a labor shortage and the pay is much higher than the minimum wage. and the wage rates in the construction industry is rising, so this is the information the american public can receive. for those people looking at which industry dry want to set my career, they can look at the construction industry where more supplies needed to maintain the home growth and brent price. host: what is the fourth -- with aboutrecast, it is that

231 thousand dollars, an increase of $10,000 from this past year, 2015. the median price of a new home $293,000.0 up from we will go to al in oklahoma. caller: good morning. good morning. thank you, steve. i would like to go to some of add that iallers and think the sort of houses without fear -- we built a house in 2000 -- if you try to build that house today, it would cost to three times then back then. there are not very many builders that will not go out on a limb and by all these materials that are inflationary priced for when gas was five dollars a gallon and paid that while materials call in the market -- default in

the market. guest: the caller is from oklahoma, and the forecast does show the prices are continuing on the assistant home prices, about 4% growth in 2016 for the national medium price, so we know all real estate and some local market will outperform and some will underperform. i am concerned about the oil-producing states, north dakota, louisiana, oklahoma, as well as parts of texas because they are seeing a large number in oilcuts with the drop prices. we may begin to see the lack of therefore, and prices coming down. in other parts of the country, jobs are being created, there is a lack of new home construction so the housing shortage will continue to push up prices. host: from texas, evelyn is

next. caller: good morning. i just wanted to comment that areus, my husband and i real estate investors, and we first bought our worst home in 2000 seven and it has been a good experience. i was -- our first home in 2007 and it has been a good experience. he reaffirmed our belief that it is a good market but you have to shop around and find a lender or a bank that is willing to work with you. we worked with three major the privatenks and mortgage company, and we now own about 26th homes. michigan, they are scattered and we never bought home in florida because the housing bubble, so we just decided because our primary home is in texas, and we decided to stay here and in best.

thank you to mr. yun, it has been positive. estatesome of the real investors, and this is the clear example of people who are succeeding well, but one caution regarding real estate investment, there is a lot of maintenance issues and property management issues. doing verythey are well. the other part is that people who have been buying homes in the past five years, they are one of the most successful groups of homeowners. when i say successful, they have a very low mortgage rate, meaning they bought a home, they are building equity, they believe this is part of their american dream. theo not want to have return of it lacks underwriting standard where we give mortgages owner, so we home have to be careful who we landed

out to. at the same time, the homeownership and the housing healing andeadily moving in the right direction. from revere, massachusetts, susan, you are. caller: good morning. i am really enjoying this. i was a longtime resident of austin and i live in revere now. -- of boston and i live in revere now. they were talking about grand forks $700 a month, try 2800 and month for a studio or 1800 and month for an apartment that is 60 miles from boston. then come to me and talk to me about problems. on that note, massachusetts is an economic powerhouse and it is a doctor so many reasons. it is such a great quality of life. pretty good services. we have transportation and for people like me, there are --

there is a plethora of beautiful towns in the central and western part of our states that are calling out for new blood, people to come in and renovate new and old homes, but we do not have the transportation infrastructure. is there an organization behind the scenes that advocates for the transportation to spur development and give young people and middle-aged people a chance to buy real estate? our market is dominated by farm buyers from china and empty-nesters. all of them are cash buyers. you construction keeps coming on and coming on, but that is the starting point from 800,000 to 900,000. we just do not stand a chance. those are my main issues carried to you advocate for public transportation?

also, better training for the trades so we can get more construction workers on board? guest: certainly, having more , mechanical workers schools can provide that assistance, but in texas, they have more issues about saving more homes, and that is why in texas, things are affordable. in massachusetts or i will say that region, there is one that stands out and that is boston. that is where people go for ther jobs, yet, because of lack of new home construction -- you are seeing some but in relation to the job growth, it is insufficient -- so renton home values are rising. in order to alleviate that is for people to work in boston but lived further out in the western sections of massachusetts or in new hampshire, but public

transport will help that. we have noted that the homes next to metro areas, public transport areas, generally tend to rise faster compared to other homes. this is implied that clearly is the demand by consumers or access to the public transport. more call from pennsylvania, john, good morning. caller: good morning. question. the banking industry, is there some kind of staff that shows homesch home -- how many are being mailed with foreclosures? who is taking care of the cost of paying off these homes? i thought the government was releasing money for the banks to get to potential homebuyers to

make it easier to get a home. i had tried to buy a foreclosed property, and the people had been living in it for three years and they have this thing called cash for keys and you cannot get them out of the home, so it costs more week to try to get them out of the house and then they completely destroyed the home. and then you have to go and fix it up. quietly making it so difficult -- why are we making it so difficult for an average american to go in and buy a home and why our banks being able to hang onto this and pay a lower interest rate on anything you put into their banks and savings, checking -- it does not make sense -- where is the money coming from in the government? i never see it. places like arizona and california, one does not play -- pick mortgage, and they are quick and initiating the proposed process. is purchased by either

first-time buyers or investors and there is little distressed properties. in some states like illinois, it york, new jersey, because the foreclosure requirement -- it requires a judge approval -- many of the courts of the sympathetic to distressed homeowners so they are saying, let's delay the foreclosure and that has held back some of the pastor housing recovery in the states because there are still a large number of distressed buildings in some states. host: can you put the number two of homeowners looking to reenter the housing market? guest: we have seen the number of people who went through terrible foreclosures up to about 8 million, but we are anticipating about 2 million to reenter the market and now they are in much better job market

situations. they are buying at lower price points and their credit has healed. these 2 million people that will enter our successful homeowners. host: even though you are optimistic about 2016, or this your biggest concern in what could derail any potential recovery? economynytime the u.s. goes into recession with massive job losses, that hurts every industry. another factor is the continuing lack of new home construction. see homesists, we may values and rents rising very honest and it will force people to live in crowded spaces. they have to find additional bromance or they have to live with their -- additional roommates or they will have to live with their parents longer. i am not sure it is a trend america wants to see. host: from the national association of realtors, lawrence yun, thank you.

we will take a short break and will make him back, we will turn our attention to veterans and homelessness. our guest is mary cunningham. you are watching and listening to c-span's "washington journal" on this sunday, third of january, the start of a new month and new year. we are back in a moment. ♪ night on "the communicators," consumer technology association kerry shapiro on the major technology issues he expects in 2016 and why the cta changed their name this past fall to consumer technology association. he is joined by tony wrong, technology reporter. over 3600 exhibiting companies and over 2.4 million exhibits, that is up from 2.2 4

million in 2015. more innovation, more excitement, and more different categories than ever before. it is the future. it is a show of solving real-life problems for the world. not just education information transportation, clean food production, clean water. >> monday night at 8:00 eastern on "the communicators" on c-span2. >> "washington journal" continues. look a merry to cunningham with the urban institute of the senior fellow. good sunday morning. this is a recent printing story -- the end of homelessness -- a growing problem in cities around the country, especially new york, detroit, los angeles and we go down the list, and

especially among veterans. how so? far too think we have many homeless people in the united states, about 560,000 at last count, and in 2010, the obama administration announced a plan to end homelessness, a fairly ambitious plan to and homelessness in 10 years, by 2020. a part of that goal and plan is going to focus on homeless veterans. while we have not made much progress on ending homelessness overall, there has been some substantial progress on ending homelessness among veterans. the numbers are down about 35% since 2009. homelesswas to and veterans by 2015. the obama administration missed that deadline, but there has been some pretty substantial progress. i would call it one bright spot in a picture that is a pretty

grim in terms of affordable housing and homelessness. 70 5000 homeless veterans in 2009-2010 now down to about 48,000 but still a fair amount. guest: yes, still a big number, but i think that potential progress has been made and part of that is because the government is really invested in supportive housing and rapid rehousing. that has been driving the numbers down. i think what this shows is because of the significant and , honoring our commitment to veterans and investing, we could end homelessness to all people. host: what are the lessons learned? housinghe supportive works. supportive housing is rental assistance, combined with supportive housing, and they can help people who have been on the streets for long periods but

have been chronically homeless get back in housing permanently. been significant investments in that and there has been this big paradigm shift in how people who are homeless, how we serve people who are homeless moving from housing second to housing first, getting into housing and helping them stabilize and then providing them services. getting over the hurdles to get into housing. host: let's go back to the goal of the white house, a joint partnership the train different government agencies and the department of veterans affairs. a big part of this -- and we will put it on the screen -- is focusing on her invention and providing short housing assistance up to 18 months and providing case management, referrals to community organizations and support organizations, and links to local employment offices. all sounds fundamental and basic.

guest: really basic. if you ask a veteran what did they need the most, if any tell paying for housing, finding a job. the program you are referring to is a small demonstration program that took place in five places across the country, washington, san diego, california, central texas in austin, florida and upstate new york. it showed pretty promising i thinkfor testing, but it showed promising results in terms of helping people stabilize in housing and get access to employment and being able to increase our incomes. host: we are focusing on federman sent homelessness and our guest is mary cunningham of the urban institute. if you are active or retired military, our number is (202)-748-8003. you can also send us a tweet or join in on the facebook page.

what are the benchmarks of the program? guest: we have been monitoring the numbers in terms of is homelessness going down, and we collect those numbers each year point and innnual communities across the country would they go out and count the number of people who are homeless. the numbers are not perfect, but they are the best numbers we have, and they do show for veterans that the trend line is really going down every year. in terms of homelessness programs, we look at how well family veterans are doing in ,erms of our the stably house staying in houston, going back to homelessness? said the white house has not achieved the overall goal of ending homelessness. why? guest: i think we need more time. i think it was a pretty

aggressive goal to end homelessness among veterans in five years. i think there has been substantial progress. i do not think that because the line has been -- that because the line has been missed that we should give up. we should keep going and there are programs that have announced the end of homelessness, louisiana, houston, the state of virginia has it functional zero, so we should take this major achievements and victories and keep marching forward. host: if you log on to the v.a..gov, there is a page said the side focusing on ending veterans homelessness and you can check it out at va.gov. our guest is mary cunningham. (202)-748-8000 for those in the eastern time zones and (202)-748-8001 for those in the mountain and pacific time zones.

either veterans who simply afraid to reach upper help? guest: i think their veterans could do not want to go into shelter and that has been our primary response to homelessness. that has changed. we now offer housing first and try to get them into apartments, give them a key and let them start their lives, or we help them stay in their housing. there are veterans who are afraid or who have had bad , butiences with the v.a. there have been some real bright spots in terms of what the v.a. is doing around homeless services. host: what about landlords reluctant to provide rental property for veterans? guest: i think one of the challenges with housing in general is being able to find housing for people who are low income. landlords, not just veterans,

are often reluctant to rent to low income families. they are often reluctant to take or accept housing vouchers, which is one of the primary sponsors homelessness. theink our job and government's job is to make sure we are providing enough incentives to landlords and encouraging them and making sure that the veteran is searching for housing the private market, that there are landlords out there who will accept them. host: for those who do not have a job, this 18th month bridge program to get people into the housing market or rental property, when happens after that? are we finding more employers who are more willing to hire veterans/ ? isst: that 18th month period enough for most people, and it are some who return. the study showed that the 10% return to homelessness, six months to one year after, so the

goal is really to make sure for people who are returning or at thatof returning that prevention program is really a bridge to further housing assistance. it also speaks to the fact that it is really critical during this time to help people increase their incomes. seek out employment to increase incomes through benefits. veterans of homelessness prevention demonstration connected veterans with local employment services, and those employment services help veterans transfer their military skills to civilian jobs. that is very difficult to do. veterans have highly specialized tasks in the military, so transferring those skills to civilian employment can be difficult. that takes reworking your

resume, going out there and knowing how to talk to civilian employers, but also making sure that employment services are recruiting employers and getting them to the table so that they are hiring veterans. host: our guest is a senior fellow at the urban institute. her expertise is metropolitan housing. a graduate of georgetown university. we will get to your phone calls. a tweet from a viewer who said, just been to a homeless of that in fort lauderdale and rehabilitation process is good. they pay their own rent. let's go to patrick in alabama. caller: good morning. i was calling to inquire as to if they looked into determining why the veterans are homeless once they return from service? has that been explored? is a very good question. i think research shows us that veterans are homeless for the

same reasons that other people experience, and i'd is that they lack of affordable housing. they either don't have the or theyo afford housing live in rental markets where the rent is skyhigh, and they cannot afford their rent. have theon, veterans after effects and injuring a fax of war, of having that experience and we know veterans have high rates of ptsd and two medic brain injury. there is also trouble transitioning from military employment to civilian employment. host: edwards has this point -- essentially, the homeless are being shipped out and it is a reality for many of us -- gentrification is a reality for many of us. guest: that is a good point. there is more pressure on the housing market and cities are

becoming more desirable for young people and it makes it much more difficult for families, low-income people in particular, who want to live in cities these days. host: in our line devoted for active or retired military, michael is on the phone from virginia. caller: good morning. , am a regular c-span watcher and i would like to ask one question. who areut the veterans china to refinance their loans -- who are trying to refinance their loans without perfect credit? guest: it is a challenge. there are programs out there that help veterans in particular and i would turn to the v.a. or go to va.gov and figure out where to turn to help refinance your home. host: deedee has this point, how many are diagnosed with ptsd and how does this affect employment and homelessness? guest: it is very high.

veterans returning from afghanistan and iraq, studies show between 11% and 20% experienced ptsd. we also know that vietnam ,eterans over their lifetime about 30% experienced ptsd. of course, it makes it a them to stay in their homes, be a part of a family, they have high rates of divorce, to hold down a job and to exist day today, so it is critical that veterans can access legal health services that really address those issues. i assume itr fewer, is austin, texas, because they have a program building small homes for the homeless -- are you familiar with this? -- are you familiar with this? guest: i am not the way with this but in general programs

that do build homes for homeless people and there has been success. int: let's go to dawn tennessee. good morning. caller: i would like to make a comment. i think the federal government ought to take that $.5 billion they get to that slaughterhouse planned parenthood and start taking care of our veterans. that is pretty much all i have got to say. thank you. host: thank you. go to vincent in bakersfield, california, democrat line. caller: good morning. i work [indiscernible] the v.a. offers more options, benefits and it is like a society. we work in the community. we work for more education, -- [indiscernible] guest: i had trouble hearing that. host: it sounds like there are

different programs available for or outreach community organizations. guest: they are hundreds of service providers across the country. usually, they are headed by care that provides supportive housing, rapid rehousing and homelessness or invention. usually, the services can be accessed through 211 calls or internet search to the continuum of care. that is how i would ask is local home services. host: from florida, joe. caller: good morning. my comment is that i have learned over the years that the government shuts down military bases all over the country on a fairly regular basis. when i do not understand is

instead of selling it off to somebody privately, why they do not just turn it over to the housing department of the federal government and create living places for all of these veterans. they are like little cities. there is no reason why it cannot be done. anst: the caller makes excellent point. there are empty bases, and while there is a complicated process, there is a mechanism for turning those bases over to use for housing and home services. host: if you are active duty or retired military, the number is (202)-748-8003. this is from another mary saying, when people were protesting the iraq war, the consequences of homeless veterans was one of many things we were afraid of. is one of the reasons we have so many, veterans and direct result of the battles in iraq and afghanistan? guest: absolutely.

we know that veterans returning from iraq and afghanistan have a higher risk of homelessness -- host: because? guest: because of their service. host: because of their service or the type of battle? guest: i don't think we really understand that fully, but we do know is that veterans in general are at higher risk of homelessness and they are overrepresented in the homeless population. like i said earlier, homelessness is about not having access to affordable housing. the experience is that veterans have, the combat they have endured, the experiences in iraq and afghanistan contribute to their risk of homelessness. can: not that it in any way replicate or typically having your own home or place to live, but there are many homeless facilities around the country.

in washington, d.c., there is a couple blocks and many don't want to go there. why? guest: i think you are talking about homeless shelters which are just emergency or crises centers. so if you experience, says, you have a place to stay for that night. they are not good places for people to spend long-term periods. they are high rates of victimization and violence in shelters, and some are not clean, some have bedbugs. people want to have autonomy over their personal sleeping space. they do not want to come in for eight hours and then have to leave early in the morning. we know from the evidence that shelters are actually, despite being what i would call a band-aid solution, they are really expensive. there is evidence that shows that providing veterans with , permanent housing, is less expensive than providing them with emergency shelter for the shirt term -- short term.

host: from new york, the is next -- beth is next. newer: there is a lot of housing development going in and they are taking houses that are considered affordable, but it is for people making under $50,000 a year. they are taking those houses away and building new houses that start at $400,000. the developers are not being forced to keep a certain percentage affordable. this is a problem. if the city stopped taking affordable housing away or forced developers to make a percentage affordable, and that just means people making less than $50,000. most people will not get a mortgage for $400,000 and even the condos are outrageous. it is a huge problem and that would help the veterans. host: thank you. guest: i think the caller's

experience reflects a lot of experiences across america. there is no place in the country affordableve enough housing. in fact, nationwide, we have about 7 million units shortage. investments inre affordable housing programs, housing vouchers, housing production. thee is a new effort called national housing trust fund which aims to produce and preserve more affordable housing . we need congress to fully fund that effort. host: this is a follow-up, the reason we were afraid of the iraq war creating homeless veterans is because we grew up seeing homeless vietnam veterans. jennifer, the line for active and retired military from illinois. caller: i just wanted to make a comment. i heard the man speaking about

taking the funds from planned parenthood, which women need, because not all places or planned parenthood's are slaughterhouses. moneyou take the [indiscernible] that are sending over there refugees [indiscernible] we do not need to be sending money to saudi arabia and the middle east to people who don't even like us. -- we arehink we have a country with significant resources and they had to keep our priorities and make sure we are funding both taiwanese. priorities -- both parried in terms of homelessness and veterans, there has been a significant investment from the obama administration and congress into expanding supportive housing and homelessness prevention.

as a result of those investments, the numbers have been going down. we should keep going and continuing on this plan to end homelessness because i think success is within reach. host: the washington post writing about three cities, to an upstate new york and we had a caller a few minutes ago from there, and in las vegas which has been essentially ended homelessness and virginia. guest: this is exciting news. if you ask somebody five years ago if there is going to be a community or state that would announce the end of homelessness among veterans, that they would give you some serious doubts, but now, we are seeing there are communities across the country that are either very close to ending homelessness among veterans or have been certified as andy, says by the interagency council on homelessness.

host: another dealer of saying it is not so much the cost of the programs, but the infrastructure is there but they are being left to rot. a lot of people talking about these military bases that could be used to help the homeless. guest: i think we need to take a look at that and absolutely make sure that any vacant space that has been dedicated to the military -- like i said, there is a mechanism for turning over the bases and it is fairly complicated. we have to streamline that. host: let's go from andy from virginia on our line for active or retired military. caller: good morning. to say that there has been a lot of attention appropriate to people who have ptsd, but there should also be attention paid to the effects of bad discharges. members could have gone

dishonorable discharges and it makes it hard for them to get services and hard for them to get jobs and puts them into a situation where they end up being homeless. guest: the caller makes an excellent point. we see this when i talk to programs who are reaching out to veterans on the streets. one of the challenges is that they may not have an honorable discharge. they may have a dishonorable discharge for whatever reason. that makes it difficult for them to access full services at the health, incomef support, and that leaves them at risk for homelessness. there are some legal services that aim to help veterans change their discharge status parried it is a complicated and long process, but it is a part of one of the things we should look at. host: we will go to frankfort, kentucky.

next, erin. caller: i just wanted to say oliver andched john he says you are the most patient person on tv and i believe that. kudos to you for dealing with a whole lot, but i wanted to talk about the comment she made on transitioning to military to civilian. i was wondering, do they have any programs or certificate programs for military personnel that are free and discharged because they are living their lives? i was wondering if they had anything like that so that when they come out, they can't tradition easily -- they can transition easily or are they not taking advantage of the programs? guest: there are programs out there. the department of labor offers employment specialists that target veterans in particular.

i think that these employment andrams should be increased it is a critical component of returning. i think also ask veterans returned from iraq and afghanistan and we provide the transitional assistance, they come back, get discharged, and you tell them about the services that are available to them and employment, as well as homelessness prevention, should be a core part of those transitional programs. host: let's put the numbers on the screen, according to the urban institute, about 11% inrease, a 26% drop unsheltered homeless population since 2010. with regard to veterans homelessness between 2010 and 36%ary 2015, it has dropped and family homelessness declining 19% and chronic homelessness declining by 2%. ryan, fayetteville, north carolina. caller: i was just commenting

that this mirrors the general homelessness communities across buildingry who are tiny houses that are 300 square feet, but that could house a veteran and that is cheap and cost. maybe $15,000 for a small house or maybe more than that, 20,000, but if we were to build communities like they build it portland, oregon, and communities across the country for veterans, that would save us a tremendous amount of money to provide them housing. then they could try to get jobs so they could be supporting the community. i think that would solve a lot of problems. we need to think of cheap housing the quality. i think the problem is it is still pretty big and we have to think in the long term and try to find a solution to the problem. employment is another aspect and i agree. we need to find ways to get

veterans employment because it is very hard for host: them to get employment. host:thank you. chad makes this point, my nephew, six years experience -- jen makes this point, my nephew sergeant moran has six years experience preparing ew modules. laborl come out with no market skills. guest: they either have to learn how to apply it to the current job market or make sure that our veterans are supported so that they can go back to school to the g.i. bill. host: rose is next in new york. good morning. i have noticed, i do not think it is intentional, but i have noticed you have skirted and danced around the callers

about the other issue associated with veterans not having housing . in addition to affordability, there is the alcohol and drug use, which often they end up rejected from regular housing they end up in shelters. they also leave the shelters and sleep in parking garages because they are ousted out of the shelters for not following rules. host: thank you. guest: i think that certainly substance abuse, drinking, drugs, are a part of the experience of homelessness for some veterans. there have been significant tofts in how it responded that issue among veterans. previously, we used to just leave it up to shelters to deal with it and we would tell veterans who are homeless, if you want to give in to housing, you have to get sober, find a

job, but there has been a pretty howparadigm shift in homeless service providers respond to homelessness. what we call housing first, and that helps veterans were other comus people get into housing first, usually supportive housing, which combines assistance, health pain for housing, with intensive support services and wraparound services, and helps them get into supportive housing, and the not require or with requirements. once they get in housing, they stabilize. program, supportive housing, using a housing first approach, has shown great success in terms of housing stability, overall well-being for veterans and chronically homeless single adults. there is strong evidence that shows that that housing

approach, supportive housing, is less expensive than doing nothing. tore are very high costs shelters for people sleeping on the street, moving in and out of the emergency room's and hospitals, in and out of jail, and support housing actually costs about the same about doing nothing. it is a wise investment for taxpayers. i think the issue is we need to bring this evidence-based intervention to scale and implemented properly. that would go a long way toward ending homelessness are all people and not just veterans. host: if you want to get more information, log onto urbanhou sing.org. we have one more caller. caller: the reason so many veterans are homeless is because the veterans administration is not serving veterans. the way they could and the way they should. host: your response.

guest: i think there are a lot of critiques of the v.a., especially in terms of the backlog and accessing this ability benefits and health care disability benefits and health care. that comes up a lot. madew that v.a. has significant investments in trying to improve that and they need to continue to monitor that and make sure veterans are accessing health and disability benefits. host: mary cunningham, a senior fellow at the housing institute in washington, d.c., we appreciate it. the arkansas is that, the passing of longtime senator, who has been battling dementia and he fell just before christmas and died on friday. he is remembered for his weight, ability -- wit, ability to bridge the divide from republican and democrats and he said farewell to th.

>> i have served with truly great men and women. i am already nostalgic about this chamber. 24 years in this chamber. the cloakroom, the hearing rooms first 20 24 years, the of which i went home almost every weekend and came back on sunday night, i never failed and i hope i never do. >> dale bumpers who stepped down in 1999 died at the age of 90. we will be talking to this senator richard lugar tomorrow

about bipartisanship in the u.s. addison desk senate. we also look ahead as congress returns this week and the president from his two-week vacation. what to expect on capitol hill, and josh crush our will talk about the elect -- congressional elections on 2060. "newsmakers" is next. have a great weekend. ♪ than a, "newsmakers" house hearing on how new technology will impact cars of the future.