that genetic manipulation whether or not the genetically engineered chili is a g.m.o. is a distinction that could cost the new mexico farmers access to many foreign export markets the e.u. is. much more comfortable with the crops generated through a systemic approach dr hansen and the dean at the end a mess you school of agriculture as you see in the sea mail are trying to say that there chile will not be considered a g.m.o. in the european union and other countries that ban or curtail their use they make this argument despite laws that clearly say the systemic approach like the one m.m.s. use using is in fact creating a genetically modified organism. doctors eal sarah laney from the university of conn in france has helped shape european policy towards genetically modified organisms called a european union and the four hundred fifty countries around the world the definition of goods here no it's not a matter where the gene comes from it's a matter of gene being not you fighting vitro in it's you know the battle of the origin of the gene what is clear is that more than

has refused to undergo a genetic test. it's kind of like can understand that because then you have it in writing and there's no denying it if my father says he's now so old anyway and doesn't want that then i have to accept it. where cancer genes are involved patients in germany are provided with screenings and preventive surgery most hereditary diseases however are incurable now scientists in gene laboratories are using d.n.a. scissors to directly intervene in human cells with the hope of repairing them wrigley field. we get a lot of e-mails and letters from people with genetic diseases asking us to help them. out of this in but we can't yet because the technologies we are developing still have to be tested in clinical trials and. the goodness of. we're still far from finding a cure for all hereditary diseases but what professor beholds and his team can do is astonishing they took cells infected with hiv and completely removed the genome that had introduced the virus so far that work is limited to animal experiments but t

but well from genetic point of view russians are definitely occupying specific sport on genetic map. that is in between let's say pools that ours and bush two years on the north you are you have career goals and on the on the south georgians and so on so definitely we are as russians or particular genetics. like an issue that needs. those people that we have tested from these expeditions as a pure russians let's say at least as they say that you are pure russians they are buying the sport if you take spewer ukrainian this ukrainian will never get in this nice his genetic let's say sequence the genome sequence will differ him from the russians this is a true thing which you're saying because russia started in a key which is now the capital of ukraine senseo so i always thought that rushing the ukrainian and the russians are our same nation same listeners they're very cool . they're very close let's see brotherhood brotherhood nations but still you can distinguish if you take let's as i told you review all russians you will distinguish him from. ukrainian that's actually no harm becaus

and that it might be genetic and. like his mother a white or studied medicine but he didn't remember how warning until some of his own patients who had the disease reminded him. quite a began to go for regular checkups and for many years everything was fine when examining doctors found no sign of a disease he felt relieved and assumed he didn't have any unusual genetic risk but then he was diagnosed with colon cancer. when i was 43 i had a colonoscopy and they found i had cancer of the cold on them. they were able to remove it surgically so i didn't need came a therapy humor to appear. at that point whiter decided he wanted to know whether his disease had a genetic component. he wondered if he might have passed the risk on to his own 4 children. doctor turned a patient went to munich center of medical genetics he wanted to know if he carried a genetic variation associated with increased risk of colon cancer. many experts say that it's a wise choice to make in situations like his. there are a whole range of genetic dis

genetically engineer crops can cross. contaminate their natural varieties might be contaminated and that they'll lose control over those. major because it is and it's unfortunately one that's really not well founded and it's. the. negligible the only drift so far of all the claims made by backers of biotechnology the absence of pollen drift is the most specious and demonstrably false. bearing bees will try several miles wind carries pollen hundreds of miles and humans can inadvertently transfer genetically modified pollen across oceans the theft and use of genetic seeds is not uncommon across national boundaries and genes are known to move between species on bacterial and viral vectors one need only watch wind sandia crest above albuquerque new mexico to imagine how far pollen can travel and surmise the vehicle which the planes grasses flowers and trees used to cross the american continent the biotech industry claims the chances of genetic drift at a distance of a few meters drops below one percent using that number it on

so again, we do not need genetic engineering. what we need, and if just a small amount of the massive research that's been directed to genetic engineering since genetically-engineered food started being developed in the early '80s, we would, there would be so much better knowledge and so much more food being produced in the third world. because very little money, relatively speaking, is still being given to organic and agro-ecological. it's really a shame, but that's the case. so there should be a diversion of funds. the bill and melinda gates foundation should be stopping, should stop funding the development of yes genetically-engineered foods. you know, he is the richest man in the world -- or used to be. he now, i guess, is seesawing with other people, but he's one of the richest. his wealth has come from software development, and yet he is using a significant part of that substantial, massive fortune to fund a technology that is violating the basic principles of software development. i mean, it's one of the most ironic of the

, forensic or criminal justice, ancestry or genealogical genetics, and genetic analysis that might be used in a family court setting for family paternity's testing. when i talk to people is that the way that individuals understand genetic testing blurs these boundaries. genetic has a social life and social power because it has the ability to work sometime simultaneously in all of these domains at once. a woman i call sarah says to me, we think breast cancer runs in our family. now that i understand my african ancestry test which is that genetic ancestry company all talk about this evening, the difference difference between a mother's line of father's line and all of that and has a better sense of what the genetic counselor at my doctor's office is telling me. martin said to me i was never really interested in genetic science or the genome or whatever until i heard about the genetic genealogy test. after i took my test i wanted to learn everything about genetics. i started to reading everything i could. so what i want to suggest here briefly is because i want to tell you more about the

that genetic manipulation whether or not the genetically engineered chili is a g.m.o. is a distinction that could cost the new mexico farmers access to many foreign export markets the e.u. is. much more comfortable with the crops generated through a systemic approach dr hansen and the dean at the end a mess you school of agriculture as you see in the sea mail or trying to say that there chile will not be considered a g.m.o. in the european union and other countries that ban or curtail their use they make this argument despite laws that clearly say the systemic approach like the one m.m.s. use using is in fact creating a genetically modified organism. doctors yelled sarah laney from the university of conn in france has helped shape european policy towards genetically modified organisms called a european union and four hundred fifty countries around the world the definition of goods here no is not a matter where the gene comes from it's a matter of genes ninety five vitro in its you know the backbone of the origin of the gene what is clear is that more than one hundred c

this is obviouslyelevant to genetic testing and all genetic test.so if my genetic test reveals that i need or would benefit from care or protectionr treatment or some kind of specialized health care or health management, who's going to pay for that care? do they promise tt that care is going to be covered? it's not clear in gina that it does. and it's much more likely to think those are issues that aren't going to be resolved through more decisions about health insurance can and can't cover. example, positive genetic test can result in recommendation from a personal physician for increased counseling, surveillance, surgery, gina doesn't require that insurance y for that early intervention or those preventive measures. so it's fair to say that the question of follow-up care is going to be one i would think utmost in the mind of dtc client or consumer deciding whether or not to opt into some of these test that may indicate a need for further medical care. and at the very at least when a consumer is deciding to go forward knowing the extent to which th

forget about genetics. genetics has a mistake about it but think about bio markers in general supposed to be providing tools for risk assessment. we are all there yet. the eve of the literature as you heard th of us present we may be there next year. i did the clinical the levity will devolve more quickly. for clinical utility there has to be tiles at some poi to evaluate whether or not and that additional information to the system whetherou do more good than harm and those things will take years. i am not sure i follow the prediction within five years or ten -- i don't know what numbers you gave but i think it is going to take more time to study the impact of this information on clinical and health-related outcomes and just to put it out for the consumers androviders to figure out what to with it is a major burden no matter how much you educate the providers and consumers, this stuff is hard the numbers are changing on a day-to-day basis and i think we need enough oversight to ensure that the consumers and

even if they end up with a genetic manipulation, genetic alteration he wants they-- those cells cannot be put in the ground and grown into a plant. so, a very unnatural process referred to as tissue culture has to be employed in which a series of hormone-- plant hormones and new churches are added and the plant-- that cell can be coaxed actually forced to grow into a mature plant, but the process through which that happens is not precisely the same as the process to which a seed will grow into a mature plant and in fact it's a disruptive process. tissue culture is known to be highly mutagenic and has been used to create mutations to see if they could find something good and some scientists have referred to the effect it has on the organism as a genomic shock, so no matter how precise the crispr technology can be on the manipulation side, as long as they use tissue culture to get their creation into a plant there is no way they can claim as precise. it's highly mutagenic and it's irresponsible to ignore tissue culture and most promoters of ge foods try to pretend it doesn't exist and no

not a known genetic problem at least. and a problem that isn't there can't be passed down. so that's good news. melanie has been given the all clear for the time being because we can say now is that with the technology and the knowledge we currently have at our disposal of we have not found any evidence of anything unusual but in a few years' time it may be a quite different scenario thanks to further insights and advances in genetic diagnostics technology so why don't think of. human geneticists can currently test for around 100 individual genetic mutations that lead to cancer what are known as modern genic diseases most genetic disorders however involve a number of genes these poly genic diseases are far more complex and difficult to identify for these to be discovered there would 1st have to be larger scale studies with more volunteers. able to detect and show changes in a range of different people where you wouldn't expect them to. sense there is no such thing as a genetically healthy individual. or you can do is brea

that genetic manipulation whether or not the genetically engineered chili is a g.m.o. is a distinction that could cost the new mexico farmers access to many foreign export markets the e.u. is. much more comfortable with the crops generated through a systemic approach dr hansen and the dean at the enemy su school of agriculture as you see in the sea mail are trying to say that there chile will not be considered a g.m.o. in the european union and other countries that ban or curtail their use they make this argument despite laws that clearly say the systemic approach like the one m.m.s. use using is in fact creating a genetically modified organism. doctors sara laney from the university of conn in france has helped to shape european policy towards genetically modified organisms called the european union and four hundred fifty countries around the world the definition of goods here no is not a matter where the gene comes from it's a matter of gene being modified to vitro in its you know the backbone of the origin of the gene what is clear is that more than one hundred coun

some people are genetically _ people are genetically predisposed to become obese, their genetic make—upople to become obese, it's just more likely. and of the people who don't have those genes, well, some of those will also become obese for other reasons. decode set about trying to answer the question, which is it that makes these diseases more likely? is obesity itself? or is it the genetic tendency for obesity? it turns out you are not simply cursed by your genes to become ill. ., cursed by your genes to become ill. . . . , cursed by your genes to become ill. . . _ ., , ill. that genetic tendency has no impact _ ill. that genetic tendency has no impact on _ ill. that genetic tendency has no impact on this _ ill. that genetic tendency has no impact on this disease, i ill. that genetic tendency has no impact on this disease, soj no impact on this disease, so it is purely obesity itself that predisposes to the disease, and then we asked the question what is it then that this genetic tendency has an impact on? which part of our biology, which part of our being is being influenced by this

that genetic manipulation whether or not the genetically engineered chili is a g.m.o. is a distinction that could cost the new mexico farmers access to many foreign export markets the e.u. is. much more comfortable with crops generated through a systemic approach dr hansen and the dean at the end a mess you school of agriculture as you see in the sea mail or trying to say that there chile will not be considered a g.m.o. in the european union and other countries that ban or curtail their use they make this argument despite laws that clearly say the systemic approach like the one m.m.s. use using is in fact creating a genetically modified organism. doctors eal sarah laney from the university of conn in france has helped to shape european policy towards genetically modified organisms called a european union and four hundred fifty countries around the world the definition of a g.m. no it's not a matter where the gene comes from it's a matter of gene being modified to vitro in its you know the backbone of the origin of the gene what is clear is that more than one hundred co

now, even if they end up with the genetic manipulation, the genetic alteration they want, they don't have -- those cells can't be put into the ground and grown into a plant. so a very unnatural process referred to as tissue culture has to be employed in which a series of hormone, plant hormones and newt rahtives are added, and the plant grows in -- that cell will, can be coaxed, actually forced to grow into a mature plant, but the process through which that happens is not precisely the same as the process through which a seed will grow into a mature plant. and, in fact, it's a disruptive process. tissue culture is known to be highly mutagenic. in fact, it's been used just to create mutations in order to see if they could find something good. and some scientists have referred to the effects that it has on the organism as a genomic shock. it imparts a genomic shock. so no matter how precise the crisper technology had been on the upside -- technology can be on the upside, on the manipulation side, as long as they're going to have to use tissue culture to get their creation into a plant,

genetically engineer crops can out cross and that their. contam their natural varieties might be contaminated and that they'll lose control over those. that's a major as it is and it's unfortunately one that's really not well founded and it's . the out crossing the. negligible paula only drift so far of all the claims made by backers of biotechnology the absence of pollen drift is the most specious and demonstrably false pollen bearing bees will travel several miles wind carries pollen hundreds of miles and humans can inadvertently transfer genetically modified pollen across oceans the theft and use of genetic seeds is not uncommon across national boundaries and genes are known to move between species on bacterial and viral vectors one need only watch wind sandia crest above albuquerque new mexico to imagine how far pollen can travel and surmise the vehicle which the planes grasses flowers and trees used to cross the american continent the biotech industry claims the chances of genetic drift at a distance of a few meters drops below one per

the genetic engineering of trees is following on the tradition of genetically engineering crops and many of the same traits that are being engineered and the trees are things that have been done in crops since about the eighty's. and so, yeah, it's, it's all, it's all done in a lab and it involves various techniques for inserting. in the case of the american chestnut, inserting jeans from a completely unrelated speech, sees a grass barley into into the genetically engineered, excuse me, into the america, chose not to create that genetically engineered americans just not so very, very process of genetic modification is very disruptive to the genome, so they're going in there and they're using either a bacterium in this case, or in some cases literally did a coded little bullet. so if they fire into the cell, and they hope that it land somewhere useful in the, in the genome on the, in the, excuse me, i'm one of the chromosomes so that they can then have a product that can be tested out, but can be replicated that could be eventually put out into the field. so in the case of the g, just not