were introduced in 2005 after a six-month development process thanks very much to our friends at sanofiwho took on a 50 million dose order, your smallest ever and decided to help us to this. and new lab procedures implemented in 2006 that cut half the time we needed to eradicate polio. look at the implication of these tools on the left and side is india the one area that has never ever stopped polio. this area, with this is called the byrd negative cover this is the area of the country where every at various we have found since 2000 is june they should genetically linked we put in place a number tactical shifts and is in the beginning of 2000 and eight we got a full 12,000 months without polio in that area. it was reinfected and we are still trying to clear out of the research generated solutions very late in the game to solving the problem. two or three other big lessons we learned along the way, the sixth self-evident is the need to have a lot of money to reach kids, the last 20% in particular but what minority as obvious is it this fund raising, advocacy. not just the money or some s

vaccine for introduced in 2005 after a 6 months development process, thanks to our friends in sanofi who took on a fifty million dose order, and you decided to help us do this. was that procedure implemented in 2006 that half the time we needed to eradicate polio. look at the application of these tools, on the left-hand side, we see the maps of pradesh and the one area of india that never stopped polio, this area of pradesh of 3 year, this area of the country, every other fires we have seen is genetically linked, this has been the key reservoir whe never stopped folio. we have gone two months without polio, we are still trying to clear it out but the research generated the solutions very late in the game to solving that problem. three other big lessons we learned along the way, the most self-evident is we need a lot of money to reach the last 20% in particular about what might not be as obvious is the need for truly sophisticated fund-raising and financing. we need just -- not just the money but a diverse funding stream. we look at the polio program financing, this shows a breakdown

whether it's the partnerships that we have with groups like the global health council or whether with sanofi and with others, that is the way that we will be working in the future as we weather in the un or outside seek to improve the health of the population. so i'm presuming that we will be working in partnership. the other thing i'm presuming as well is that whenever we are pursuing will provide opportunities for strengthening health systems. i'm not going to talk about that aspect of the program either. but focus on eight lessons that i've taken away from the 15 years in the eradication program as to what we have learned about getting beyond the 60, 70% of children we usually reach and what it takes to get to the end of the road, so to speak, and reach the children because of differences of culture, of religion, security, geography, or whatever, are not being reached with the most basic of health services. the first lesson i think overwriting one is to bring in professional management. i'm a doctor. i was trying to take blood pressure. i was trade to look at sore backs and things like th