mr. marchant. >> thank you, mr. chairman. mr. bernanke, banks are also experiencing a historically low cost funds, are they not waxed >> yes. >> in the recent praise from a quarter point to a half a point actually many banks -- their cost of deposits is much less than that. at what point will the banks decided that they will -- that they're better off turning back to loans van keeping their money liquid and placing it perhaps in short-term treasuries where there are making not a risk-free, but a relatively risk-free yield? at what point does the fed have a plan or an idea at what point? or is that an object is to wean the banks of the lower cost at least for the fed and begin to put that liquidity, which is massive back into traditional loans? and then the economy will come up with it. >> so, we are supplying liquidity. we're not, you know, blocking its use in any way. our increase in the discount window rate applies to a very small amount of money. i mean, basically the cost of funds in the markets for banks remains very, very l