for the last twenty five to thirty years we have seen regimes over twenty years long in the matter of b.m. concrete eastern is morocco shiria we've seen the toleration of a completely authoritarian brutal monarchy in saudi arabia jordan itself has been reduced to the status of an israeli american protectorate and iraq has been occupied. the occupation of iraq had very little to do with democracy because that have a great deal to do with the establishment of us again really now we have a waiver for a sweeping the arab world you talk about it was reminiscent of the fall of the soviet union i'm not so sure because that the mass involvement in that by and large was limited it reminds me more off the wave of revolutions that took place in europe in eight hundred forty eight revolutions for democracy eight hundred forty eight or to revolutions against autocracy democratic revolutions trying to find a different way of government some bet that is what we are seeing a very good thing. very interesting they have lasted too long i do and you know eighteen forty eight are interesting but there was a

culture is that so much of an oldish each musician has the power to find the mark whether lunging into b.m.'s increased violence and radicalism is tearing pakistan apart can ican treat you so polarized. russia would be soo much brighter if you knew about sun from funds to freshen some . nice food start on t.v. don't come. welcome back to spotlight in just a reminder that my guest in the studio today is claude kindness that is the vice president for research at mit and principal investigator on nasa's chandra x. ray observatory. mr khan is that if you're involved in x. ray astronomy this well may sound a pretty dumb question to you but what is it. it's play that well it's. happy to oblige x. rays are very energetic form. of light so from when we look at the universe with a normal telescope you see objects that are about five thousand degrees hot if you look with an x. ray telescope you're looking at things that are maybe ten to one hundred million degrees in texas where he actually beamed the rays to raise rates that are coming they are the outcome so we collect the radiation that that is g