here she's accounting fdr and guess who? sarah? and her oldest son, jimmy roosevelt and his wife betsy on a tour of a battleship, preworld war i, on a more substantial note, here she is addressing a national conference on the problems of negro use in 1939 with audrey williams, head of the national youth administration. and mary mccloud basoon who was the highest ranking women in the roosevelt administration. do any of you by any chance participate in programs of the national youth administration? sometimes i talk to people. they say this is how i got through high school. this is a program to offer work study and let them stay in school during the tale end of the depression and the start of world war ii when it then changed into training people to work in defense industries. we know that eleanor was very instrumental in setting this national youth administration up. and, in fact, fdr himself referred to it as the misses organization. here he is at camp obello, at a summer leadership training institute of the national student service

he ended up running as much against fdr has he did against herbert lehman. he said some very nasty things. he thought the whole new deal idea was crazy. at one point he called roosevelt crafty. back then that was a fighting word. he went on another campaign stop. a hyde park faker because roosevelt claimed he was a determined farmer at hyde park, and dominant thought that was ridiculous. roosevelt, on the other hand, took a shot at donovan. he had surrogates like him on the campaign trail. even eleanor roosevelt went out and campaigned for lemon. donovan turned out to be a horrible campaigner. if he was in this from talking to you he would totally mesmerized you with this bird lives and that charismatic personality. on the campaign trail before a large group he was totally within. he was a terrible speaker. in fact, his lieutenant governor, the one running with him on the republican ticket, but he was so lousy that davison thought she'd -- he should have run for governor. it is amazing that drizzle of later made donovan his spymaster considering all the nast

here's a guy himself, that's actually a light bounce off of fdr roosevelt. this was his chakra. this was march 4th, 1933. he made the statement and he made it, i didn't understand a long time. the point i was making, people were terrified. because it seemed like the economy had no bottom and the banks were going down and there was no federal deposit dollars. so imagine a time when we actually had a president who told us we should be courageous rather than trafficked in fear. to his own advantage. there's been a long war on the new deal. it was when roosevelt got started. almost immediately, the more than great realized the lengths he was willing to go. at the beginning, roosevelt didn't understand how far he was going to go. the dupont family and the ones that set up the american liberty league. that was successful because they have unlimited amounts of money. there were so popular, they were not able to stop it. they began to finance right-wing think tanks. they have been successful to the university of chicago economics department and notable fraud such as milton freed man. th

fdr dies in 1945 unexpectedly, and guess who's with him when he dies? lucy mercer, the old girlfriend. eleanor is appointed u.s. delegate to -- by the -- i'm sorry, is appointed u.s. delegate to the united nations by president truman, and she is instrumental in the creation of this document, one of the most important documents of the 20th century. the universal declaration of human rights. we would not have that document if it had not been for eleanor's genius in dealing with the communists and with the other political players at the united nations. so let me just conclude by saying i personally think and try to make the case in the book that eleanor's ability to turn the relative passive role of first lady into a vibrant one of activism stems in part from the close relationship she has with people who are outside of the normal aristocratic circle of an upper class woman. these people, well, lorena hickok, joel lash in particular but other people, too, the women newspaper reporters she knew, women like ruby black and, of course, louis howell who, unfort

various law professors joined fdr's administration. even more notably people in fdr's administration went over to law schools after they left and became professors, and the stage was set in 1943 for the publication of the most widely cited and, i believe, most influential article ever published about legal education. that being harold loswell's and missouri as mcdougal's legal publication and public policy in the yale law journal. and let me set the stage for just a moment. laswell was a very influential new deal official who is sometimes described as the modern father of propaganda, and at the time he and mcdougal wrote this, the law itself had just changed in a tectonic 9.0 richter scale way because the supreme court had given in the switch in time saves nine had decided that, after all, the u.s. constitution did not prevent the government from running the economy, it would agree not to strike down most regulatory programs. and so we were clearly launched upon a very new era, at least so laswell thought in which the government would

not just criticizing and saying we have a problem, but getting out there and doing something, like fdr. when fdr had a problem, he just didn't look at it, he started working on it, and granted not every program works, but have ideas of how to make it better, but to criticize a program when you have no ideas of your own, when you haven't come forward with a program, when you haven't done anything to help the people, and i would say the overall economy, so i want to congratulate you on the work that you've done. i support the hamp program. i hope that president obama has a lot of veto ink in his pen, and if the republican bill gets to his desk, it is my hope that he vetoes it, and i respectfully ask the majority if they can have a hearing to bring in hpd directors from across the country, people on the front line working with our government to help people stay in their home. in the city that i represent, the officials that do this every day, the non-for-profits that are committed, and the brainings that voluntarily stepped up to the plate to help said this program works, so instead of ju

various law professors joined the administration, even more notably people in the fdr administration went to the law school after they left and became professor. and the stage was set in 1943 for the publication of the most widely cited and most influential article lover published about the legal education about being the legal education and the law journal, and let me of political science and the time come he and mcdougal who was the professor, read this. the law itself just changed in a tectonic 9.0 richter scale way because the supreme court had given in in the switching time to save nine had decided that after all of the u.s. constitution did not prevent the government from running the economy it would agree not to strike down most regulatory programs, and so we were clearly launched upon a new era at least so he thought in which the government would be giving much more than it ever did. and here we have the law school still teaching the same curriculum. this was the beginning of the articles argument. in particular call the law schools were still teaching mostly about the so-cal

fdr did the same facing a major crisis in the economy before he was inaugurated and nobody knew what he was going to do. and people said they should have sent signals. it would have helped the country but, in fact, in both cases it seemed like it helped them do a better job once they got in by waiting. we have two candidates for president now. we have two -- a fiscal crisis and two wars going. and i'm wondering -- and everybody is wondering what's going to happen. what advice would you give to mccain or obama in terms of what they should do once they're elected or should they wait until they're inaugurated what they say they will do. >> the question is -- if i could just put the pieces to another excellent question. the parallels between lincoln and fdr not doing anything during those four months that they faced when there were real crises. as compared to the crisis the next president will inevitably face and whether he should be involved. i'll say quickly as dan weinberg knows, one of the inspirations for the book was jonathan alter's books on roosevelt's first 100 days which i thin

fdr thought that the mustachioed master, hurley, he said to his son once, boy, i wish i had more pat hurst if there's anyone who can solve the internal political province of china, pat hurley can do that. i think he did more to destroy the opportunities that we might have had. a lot of people, historians have debated, was there a window of opportunity with the chinese communists in those times. jack service, his argument was come he keeps saying he wants a cooperative effort, he wants to fight with us. let's give him a chance. let's find out, because no matter who wins the civil war in china, it's too important for america not to be able to have relations with them. and instead we had 27 years of bitter relations. and, finally, in 1973 john service was honored along with the other old china hands who had been so persecutors who was the only one who is able to get his case into the legal system and fight it to the supreme court the a lot of the others just were fired and resigned, and some of them, you know, had very, very tough lives. anyway, in his speech the historian was the keyno

also on this day in 1945 word arrived from warm springs, georgia that fdr had died.ome people thought he'd be president for life. harry truman took over the job at a dicey time for the u.s. and the world. we were at war, after all. yuri gagarin woke up the world on this day in 1961 as the first man in space. just 20 years later the first space shuttle flew, the shuttle "columbia." and on this anniversary the remaining shuttles were handed out today by nasa as tourist attractions when the program is all over. l.a. will get the shuttle "endeavour." the kennedy space center will get "atlantis." "discovery" will go to the smithsonian aerospace collection just outside d.c. and the shuttle will finally land here in new york. we'll get the "enterprise." but in the life of this country this day will always mean just one thing, the start of the civil war. the first shot was fired 150 years ago today. the civil war killed 2% of the population of the united states. it tore our nation apart and reformed it later. and when we come back, we'll show you how it was remembered today

jfk, fdr but the idea is to have americans stories.ll of those asked us to do more and let government solve your problems but that was not they're idea but how do we figure out together? and this is an idea of a to have a lot of opportunity. but over the publicly and it was made public for people and organizations better conservation minded being slammed publicly it has got 10 a bad rap. i love the environment we should be good stewards of the years but we have to figure out how to do it in such a way because of we have rules and regulations we cannot control what the rest of the row thus we have to build and solutions that work, not just for us but we have to me very proactive with the argument. >> what is the best way to take and the speeches? i know when my eye as glaze over the words i do not absorb it did you listen to these on tabor read them aloud? what process do you use to absorber them? >> that is a great question in. i do have an introduction and for each one. why is it important when did it happen and what is the outcome an

he ended up running as much against fdr as he did against herbert lemon.aid some very nasty things. he was a dyed in double republican and felt the whole new deal idea was crazy. at one point he called roosevelt crafty. back then that was fighting words. for another campaign stop he called him a hyde park faker. roosevelt claimed that he was a gentleman farmer at hyde park. donovan felt that was ridiculous roosevelt on the other hand took a shot at donovan. he answered it by kim on the campaign trail. even eleanor roosevelt went ag and campaigned for laymen and took shots a donovan. donovan actually turned out to be zero horrible campaigner. if he was in this from talking to you he would totally mesmerized with those bright blue eyes and that charismatic personality. on the campaign trail before a large group he was totally wooden, a terrible speaker. in fact, his the tinned governor, the one running with him on the republican ticket thought he was so lousy that davison thought he should have run for governor. it is amazing that rose above later made donov

had the toughest presidency not reagan, not bush after 9/11, no obama has had the toughest job since fdrhow do we know? the suck up to obama media tells us. >> you can nick pick what happened in egypt and libya. in -- you can nitpick in what happened in egypt and libya. you said you can't recall a time where a president has faced a confluence of events like the confluence of events taking place now, explain. >> in my adult lifetime as a reporter, here you have a president who had two wars underway engaged in a third war. here at home, a recession that we cannot completely get out of yet. and political paralysis in washington over the budget. all that is has arrived at the oval office at the same time. >> sean: why don't we have his face on mount rushmore now? >> it is amazing. here's what is going on rush -- sean. they can't blame george bush any more. now they are blaming the world. now we are blaming events. three words, didn't barack obama get us out of iraq? didn't he say it was over? libya, he got us into that war. it is not somebody caused it. why don't they hold him accountable fo

jfk is in there and fdr. the idea was and is american stories. all of those that i mentioned. all of those authors ask us to be more and do more. none say stay where you are or let governments all your problems. that wasn't their idea. how do we figure out together. another example. this is an area where we have a lot of opportunity. i have been involved for over a decade in the republic bland. organizations such as that, and conservation minded, publicly for people to use. we got a bad rap in terms of being environmentally aware. i love the environment. god created the environment. we should be steward of the earth and take care of it but we have to figure out how to do it in such a way that makes sense because if we just have rules and regulations weekend control what the rest of the world does. we have to build in solutions that actually work not just for us but makes sense fiscally and others are adopted as well. we have to be proactive. >> what is the best way to take in the speeches? when i am reading a book my eyes glaze over. i don't really absorber it completely. did

he ended up running as much against fdr as he did against herbert lemon. said some very nasty things. he was a dyed in double republican and felt the whole new deal idea was crazy. at one point he called roosevelt crafty. back then that was fighting words. for another campaign stop he called him a hyde park faker. roosevelt claimed that he was a gentleman farmer at hyde park. donovan felt that was ridiculous roosevelt on the other hand took a shot at donovan. he answered it by kim on the campaign trail. even eleanor roosevelt went ag and campaigned for laymen and took shots a donovan. donovan actually turned out to be zero horrible campaigner. if he was in this from talking to you he would totally mesmerized with those bright blue eyes and that charismatic personality. on the campaign trail before a large group he was totally wooden, a terrible speaker. in fact, his the tinned governor, the one running with him on the republican ticket thought he was so lousy that davison thought he should have run for governor. it is amazing that rose above later made don

and then there was plenty of sugar coming to new york which is how isaac roosevelt, the founder of fdr's family fortune got involved in the refining business. he also was actually an antibritish agitator because british ruled interfered in his sugar trade. printing and publishing is one of my favorite stories because the big money in the 19th century publishing was in printing pirating novels. he had to come out with the latest dickens or walter scott and get it out first. now they made that happen. the thing that made the harper brothers succeed in the 1920's was the fact they could get the latest walter scott novel and the peak faster than the philadelphia competitors because they were in new york. they were in the great port that actually got the books first and enabled them to print first and dominate the market. chicago as well. chicago's greatest industry, the stockyards of course grew up around its rail yard. they were right next to the real to come and in detroit and even more remarkable occurred in the rise of the automobile industry. and it shows the ability of the city's for t

fdr is in there as well but again the idea was and is to have american stories. all of those that i mentioned, all of those authors asked us to be more antiwar. none of them say stay where you are and don't let government solve your problem. that wasn't their idea but really how do we figure out together. i will give another example in this is an area i think we have a lot of opportunity in. two fronts. one is conservation. i've been involved with over a decade of my father was involved before me in the trust for public land. i think organizations such as that that are conservation minded and do a lot of work in saving land publicly for people who use i think public service has gotten a bad baghdad rap insures of being environmentally aware. i love the environment and god really the environment. if you we are city stewards of the earth and to take care of it for me stewardship stampler but we have to figure out how to do it in such a way that it makes sense because if we just have rules and regulations we can't control what the rest of the world does. we have to

how roosevelt have spurge, if you are interested in fdr and politics, i highly recommend the book. i am sure you can get it at the local bookstore. i want to start with jim newton. this amazing justice for all, history of earl warren and the nation he made. jim newton is a pulitzer prize-winning journalist. he is a senior fellow of ucla public affairs. he has a new biography coming out with dwight eisenhower and his white house years. we can segue into that history and you may know his name. it was done in the new yorker about the discovery -- from eisenhower in the new yorker. a really fascinating article that came out recently. with that i would like to turn it over to jim and have him tell us how we got into writing about earl warren. >> a cue for being here. before i say anything, it was a finalist for the book prize in history last night. what she should also tell you, the winner of the los angeles times. [applause] >> earl warren. i started poking around in 2001. i became an editor at the time and was responsible for california government and political coverage. i was initial

i used to joke if i'd been covering fdr's inaugural on network news i could clip the only thing we have to fear -- [laughter] so that's one thing. and we haven't even gotten into the notion of what has now passed for coverage which is, essentially, people in a room talking at each other. and, look, i don't -- i never liked the pastoral, you know, the ocean was better in the old days. and i think some of what we have now that we didn't have then, the capacity of the citizen to sit at a computer and if that citizen cares, to find far more real information than they used to be able to in front of a tv, that's not bad. >> host: or not. i mean, i just learned last night, i mean, we have just seen the elimination of two of npr's top executives, the most recent because the director of development, the fundraiser went out to lunch with a bunch of people who claim to represent a muslim organization that wanted to give npr $5 million. and the question i raised with some people who knew was, why didn't this guy do any due diligence? why didn't he at least google? well, he did, apparently. they had

if it was inscribed to let's say fdr who was involved in the new york state or something like that weould have something, but one world was a very popular book at the time, the limited editions came out and was chosen by george macy and signed copies at one point that for collectible but unfortunately it is one of those books that didn't last a test of time as a true collectible from a signature value is about $15. the real value of the book would have been if it was inscribed to somebody that made a significance. so i don't think we can to this gentleman at that level. >> ten years ago i would have published 150 to 200. but because of the prolific nature to bring out books which we used to think were scarce, which are now becoming more and more accessible because more copies are becoming available and the marketplace is interested as a group in volume of these there are many copies available, which used to be not the norm. so the supply and demand comes into play but even though you might say they were $50 a the same copies available on the net at 20, $25 they are not selling i reall

so i used to joke that if i had been covering fdr's inaugural on the network news the only thing we have to fear is. we haven't even gotten into the notion of what is now passed for coverage, which is essentially people in a room talking to each other. and look, i never like the pastoral, it's better in the old days, and i think some of what we have now we didn't have them, the capacity of the citizen to sit at a computer command of the citizen cares to find far more real information than they could use to be able to in front of tv, that's not bad. >> host: i just learned last night -- i mean, we had just seen the elimination of two of the npr, executives. the most recent because the director of the fund raiser went out to lunch with a bunch of people who claim to represent the muslim organization and npr and the question i raised was with some people who knew was why didn't they do due diligence? welcome he did apparently. they had set up a phony google site, which actually had two or three levels to meet. so we live in a far more incendiary times i guess than we did back then. go ahead

fdr relied heavily on the radio. jfk used television to his advantage and now president obama is making the most of the online world. >> you can't get everybody's e-mail addresses, i don't think, and facebook is just -- it's one of the -- i think the benefits of facebook is you can pass something along and it will go viral. >> reporter: what do you think about that, that you can like his re-election campaign? >> i think that's a good way to get young adults involved. >> reporter: the president says today's town hall will focus on the economy and getting americans back to work, but he's going to be taking questions. questions that are posted on his wall from his facebook friends and those will be selected -- the questions will be selected by the folks here at facebook. one of those, young ceo mark zuckerberg. now for more on mark zuckerberg and his interesting voting history, we turn to scott mcgrew. >> mark zuckerberg for all of his influence on world politics, from egypt to america, doesn't vote very often. in fact

so i used to joke that if i had been covering fdr's and not grow on the network news, the only thingwe have to fear -- so that is one part. and we haven't even got into the notion of what has now passed for coverage which is essentially people in the around talking to each other. and i never liked the pastoral, the notion that it was better in the old days. some of that we have now that we didn't have been, the capacity of the citizen to sit at a computer and if that citizen cares, to find far more real information than they used to be able to in front of the tv. that is not bad. >> host: or not. i mean, i just learned last night -- i mean we had just seen the elimination of two of npr's top executives. the most recent because the director of development, the fund-raiser, went out to lunch with a bunch of people who claim to represent a muslim organization that wanted to get mpr $5 million. in the question i raised was some people who knew was, why didn't they do due diligence? why didn't he at least google? well, he did apparently. they have set up a phony google site, which actuall

. >> michael, when fdr dedicated the hoover dam, he said, i came, i saw, i wuss conquered. what did he meansome. >> i think anybody that goes to the hoover dam feels the same. there are a number of places that i've been or that i've experienced that i feel i can never get tired of; niagara falls. i used to visit almost every weekend when i lived in buffalo. i never got tired of it. hoover dam is another one of these places. you can see it again and again, it never really loses its ability to astonish at the very thought of putting the structure many what was then a truly remote, inhospitable place. we now think of hoover dam as down the road from las vegas, but it wasn't that way with then, and when you're standing on it or looking at it, you still get the same sense of majesty and grace. all of this was the product of engineering and design on a scale that we'd never seen before. now you can, of course, you can take the bridge that's just downstream from the bridge, and although you can't see it from your car because i think the bridge builders didn't want, didn't want peo

fdr relied heavily on the radio. jfk used television to his advantage. and now president obama is i don't say -- using the internet. folks we talk to say it is the future. >> if he's trying to tap into a market that is interested in finding their information online, i think it's a great thing. if he's trying to reach that generation, it's a great spot to be. >> reporter: the president says today's town hall will focus on the economy, but he's going to be taking questions today from his facebook friends, questions that are currently posted on his wall. i took a peek at that wall this morning and found those questions range from rising gas prices to legalizing marijuana. now, today's town hall will be hosted by young ceo mark zuckerberg. for more on mr. zuckerberg and his peculiar voting history, we turn to scott mcgrew in our newsroom now. >> it's peculiar, marla, because for all of his influence on world politics, from egypt to america, he doesn't vote very often. in fact reporters looking at his voting record, which is public, say mark zuckerberg has on

attempt, you know, really positions him as the most important and influential, you know, president since fdr and, therefore, the '80s becomes the most important transitional, transformative period in american politics since the '30s in a lot of ways. so i think it is, i think it does have, you know, it stands out among decades with the '30s in a way, and for that reason the story of the other '80s, you know, deserves to be told to get the full picture. all the more. yes, jeff. >> the other '80s people you talk about it, you make a good case for the aids activists and homosexual rights, but i don't think they won. reagan is followed by bush who's a little more moderate, followed by clinton who is middle of the road democrat who's followed by a very conservative cheney and bush who are followed by i don't know what he is, obama. who is the democrats' democrat? i mean, have the democrats, in fact, ever revived, recovered from the carter years? >> well, i think part of what i'm trying to get at sort of is, you know, i'm telling the story of, you know, what happens to the left, what happens to li

so i used to joke that if i'd been covering fdr's inaugural on network news i could clip, the only thinge have to fear -- so that's one part. >> host: look -- >> guest: and we haven't even gotten into the notion what has now passed for coverage which is essentially people in a room talking to each other. look, i never liked the pastoral the ocean was better in the old days and i think some of what we have now that we didn't have then -- the capacity of a citizen to sit at a computer and if that citizen cares to find far more real information than they used to be able to in front of a tv, that's not bad. >> host: or not. i mean, i just -- i just learned last night -- i mean, we have just seen the elimination of npr's two executives, the most recent because of the director of development, the fundraiser went out to lunch with a bunch of people who claimed to represent a muslim organization that wanted to get npr $5 million. and the question i raised with some people who knew was why didn't this guy didn't do any due diligence. why didn't he at least google, well, he did apparently. they ha

jfk is in there and fdr is in there as well but the idea was to have american stories and all of those that i mentioned -- all of those authors ask us to be more, to do more. none of them say where you are and don't do anything or let government solve your problems. i mean, that wasn't their idea but to really how do we figure out together. and i'll give you another example and this is an area we have a lot of opportunity. two fronts in conservation. i've been involved in over a decade and my father was involved before me in a trust of public land. it saves land from people. and i think organizations such as that that are conservation-minded and saving land publicly for people to use i think the conservatives have really gotten a bad wrap in terms of being environmentally aware. i love the environment and god created the environment i think -- we should be stewards of the earth and take care of it from a stewardship standpoint but we have to figure out to do it in such a way that it makes sense because if we just have rules and regulations we can't control what the rest of the world do

and fdr taught us you have nothing the fear but fear itself.i think fear is the thing that we need to eliminate from our vocabulary of action and replace it with love which is what jesus came to teach us about and represent. and i think the fact that he taught us about love and taught us to love our neighbors, taught us to love even your enemies rather than fear them is the transformative action that represents the highest possible instinct of the most developed and perfected human being. and i think this is the ethic which represents the highest values of our faith traditions. i believe there is something which i write about in my book which can be described as a common ethic to jews, christians and muslims or to make it a bit more comelessed the abrahamic ethic. because these faith traditions introduce the idea not only of the oneness of god, but the oneness of humanity. before the time where there was an egypt or rome or in the far orient, people believed in different can class of society. people believed that the emperor in japan or the pha

in many of them opposed to social security when fdr was in the white house. it is not a surprise that the continue to want to find ways to get at the program that they consider socialistic or something like that. the fact of the matter is social security and medicare have both done their jobs. they provided income security and taken the most vulnerable group in america and turned them into the most covered. they are programs that work. they can be improved, and there are things we can do to make sure they're there for the next generation. i will not support the privatization of social security. host: mike in canada. caller: i would like to get your comment on the thomas jefferson quote./ "i believe that making institutions are more dangerous to our liberties than standing armies. if the american our people ever allow private banks -- [inaudible] the issuing power should be taken from the banks and restored to the people from whom they pbelong." do you support ron paul in auditing of the fed? guest: i am a strict constructionist when it comes to war powers. i

how come fdr's regulations did not work? they did not prevent the downturn. it is the same mall story -- the people with the connections were able to get around them. but did ge. the ge chairman, the corporation does not pay any taxes whatsoever. he is the main body with obama. this is the way that it works. go to a flat tax. host: robert from south carolina in an e-mail. you can communicate with us in a variety of ways this morning. we have 20 minutes to take on this discussion. a couple of things in the papers. the house bill being debated on the budget looks to cut the fha. they said that the -- the faa. they said that -- it will cut protected spending. the federal government can do more with less. from new jersey, you're next. caller: this has to be about his next election. this is all pandering to his base. it has nothing to do what bank regulations. number two, do you think that this law was passed and that the regulations are being promulgated, not with the help of wall street, when we have every from wall street sitting in that administration? you've

renovation given the terrorist threats that face the building and given its geographic location over the fdr freeway and on first avenue. that there be additional security upgrades above and beyond what was envisioned when the original master plan was implemented. the estimated cost was hundred " -- $100 million. the state department and administration in conjunction with new york authorities and the city as well as the police department made the judgment it was in our interest to get the security upgrades done and done in a timely fashion so the cost overruns were not accepted down the road. american citizens are most affected by the security of the u.n. building in terms of 40% of those in and out of the building are americans but it is americans driving under the it.lding, walking by a that was the decision to invest in our security and make those upgrades. with respect to the panel of experts, the report is coming forth. we look forward to it and we think it would be beneficial if it were available publicly. with respect to the secretary- general pose a special envoy -- secretary general

renovation given the terrorist threats that face the building and given its geographic location over the fdr freeway and on first avenue. that there be additional security upgrades above and beyond what was envisioned when the original master plan was implemented. the estimated cost was hundred " -- $100 million. the state department and administration in conjunction with new york authorities and the city as well as the police department made the judgment it was in our interest to get the security upgrades done and done in a timely fashion so the cost overruns were not accepted down the road. american citizens are most affected by the security of the u.n. building in terms of 40% of those in and out of the building are americans but it is americans driving under the it.lding, walking by a that was the decision to invest in our security and make those upgrades. with respect to the panel of experts, the report is coming forth. we look forward to it and we think it would be beneficial if it were available publicly. with respect to the secretary- general pose a special envoy -- secretary general

the heroes for the neoconservatism and the presidential think it was teddy roosevelt, ronald reagan, fdr, and then he says at one point we pass politely over barry goldwater. and to me that is the distinction between the more libertarian stifel conservatism and the neo conservatism and that distinction has been lost in the iraq war mack and i still think it is a distinction worth preserving. >> host: >> guest: my father says he had assumed the phrase would just go away because the truth is practically speaking every neoconservative ended up working with other conservatives and being in the institutions with other conservatives and magazines published by the conservatives and i found this when i came to washington in 1985i had my own abuse but practically speaking in terms of we want the department to do want to do and what your views were with michael dukakis or -- it didn't make that much difference, so i remember in the 90's people wrote essays neoconservatism is a distinctive way of thinking it's just going to go away and that's fine. it did its job in the 20 years but he then rights

guest: the way social security was set up under fdr, he was told it would crash. he knew it would be after he was gone. the problem is we're nthere now. every time the government gets in trouble, they want to save the system instead of protect workers. they will cut benefits and raise taxes to make the system whole rather than help people who worked all their lives. i support the idea of moving to a defined contribution plans were people take the fica taxes and put them in a 401(k) plan. the federal retirement system has largely moved over to defined contributions. the gives people more flexibility. some people want to work until they're 80. some people do not want to or cannot. the money saved up for retirement is available to them when they retire and not at some arbitrary date. host: you have been in this town a long time. can the tea party, liberal democrats, the white house, moderates, and blue dog democrats get around the table and have the adult conversation to deal with the issue of entitlements, medicare, medicaid, and social security? guest: probably not

there was raw sugar coming into new york, which is how fdr's family got involved in the sawing refining interests. british roots enter feature with his sugar trade. printing and publishing is one of my favorite stories. the big money was in printing pirated english novels but you had to come out with the latest dickens and get it out first. number's port made that happen. the think that made the harner brothers succeed was they fact they could get the later walter scott novel faster than their come pet temperatures because they were in new york, that enabled them to print first and dominate the market. chicago as well, greatest industry, the stockyards, grew up around its railyard. the stock areas were right next to rail. and in detroit, an even more remarkable events occurred in the rise of the automobile industry, and sewshows cities formed for mundane reasons, to create some of human kind's greatest endeavor. so back to mid-19th century detroit, a city with connects to the outside world and a huge amount of inland trade and have business taking care of engines on the ships on the gre

so if you're using fdr as ramallah, i've got news for you, the world has changed.the world is changed since 1965. and i think many presidents discovered that to the chagrin all too slowly, and it gets them into trouble. specifically because i think when presidents discover their political capital shrinking they fall into what i call the presidential power trap. and what is the power trap? , me just describe some of it. while presidential political capital has been streaky and becoming more volatile over the last several decades, presidential powers have been increasing and presidents have been seeking to increase their powers. and i don't think there's a quantity of a relationship between these two trends. the frustrations of working with diminished political capital lead you to operate unilaterally when you can with power. and the problem can here's the real risk for presidents, i think we've heard of this before, overreaching, overconfidence, and it often produces disastrous political result for presidents. specifically, let me just read a little bit to elaborate

involved and was plenty of koschel were coming into new york which is how isaac roosevelt, the founder of fdrot involved in the sugar refining business. he also was actually an antibritish agitator because british interfered with his sugar trade. printing and publishing is one of my favorite stories because the money in the 19th century printing and publishing was printing and pirating the novel's you had to come out with the latest in dickens or walter scott and get it out first. now new york's port made that happen. the thing that made the harper brothers succeed in the 1920's is the fact that they could get the latest walter scott novel better than the philadelphia competitors because they were in new york and they were in the great port that actually got the books first and that enabled them to print first and dominate the market. chicago as well, chicago's greatest industry, the stockyards of course grew up around, they were right next to the real and in detroit even more remarkable even occurred in the rise of its automobile industry. and it shows the ability of the cities that formed t

renovation given the terrorist threats that face the building and given its geographic location over the fdr freeway and on first avenue. that there be additional security upgrades above and beyond what was envisioned when the original master plan was implemented. the estimated cost was hundred " -- $100 million. the state department and administration in conjunction with new york authorities and the city as well as the police department made the judgment it was in our interest to get the security upgrades done and done in a timely fashion so the cost overruns were not accepted down the road. american citizens are most affected by the security of the u.n. building in terms of 40% of those in and out of the building are americans but it is americans driving under the it.lding, walking by a that was the decision to invest in our security and make those upgrades. with respect to the panel of experts, the report is coming forth. we look forward to it and we think it would be beneficial if it were available publicly. with respect to the secretary- general pose a special envoy -- secretary general

it is only in that medium that you can do it over a period of time where people feel like -- which fdr and other political people understood. speaking to people as if it is one on one in their own home. >> there is also a tolerance for -- >> not in the personal details, but promoting -- >> television hosts to not do live commercial reads. that is part of the radio selling, so when glenn goes on and on, there is money involved, did you know that? >> when you think rush limbaugh calls about a certain resort for eight days, do you think -- >> i am going to say this. russia has enough money to pay for his own hotel rooms. -- rush has enough money to pay for his own hotel rooms. i doubt that they would be paying him. he does not like to take gifts. >> mary, as a consultant for george w. bush, i thought in the days after september 11 he made some really good speeches. there were other times when he seemed to have difficulty communicating. do you ever work with him in terms of the way the media advised him and what sort of recommendations did you give to him? >> i'm going to say whatever anyb

if you are using fdr as your model, i have news for you. the world has changed since 1965.averesident ha discovered has gotten them into trouble. they fall into the presidential power drop. what is the power drop? mitch has already described some of it. while political capital has been shrinking over the last several decades, present powers have been increasing and presidents have been seeking to increase their powers. the frustration of working with diminished political capital leads you to operate unilaterally when you can with power. the problem -- here is the risk for president -- over reaching, over confidence. it produces disastrous political results for presidents. let me read a little maintaining political capital is hard and frustrating worked for presidents these days. president encounter widespread constraints, push back from congress, course, interest groups, etc. presidents have been grabbing more of the powers, appointments, command of troops overseas, reorganization authority, executive orders, citing statements, executive privilege, why house tsars, all thes